ÿWPC) %# U:! %[ 0ûaw@\4œ° 0?¿ 0Dþ 0JB Œ’ 0Tš 0^î 0hL 0r´ 0|& 0†¢ 0( 1u¸ 0d- U*‘ v~» vÓ9 B ˜HP LaserJet 4/4MHPPCL5E,,,,0 , øð AZ‹"Arial RegularX(Ó­$¡¡Ñ  ÑÒH°ÒÒ°ÒÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal[  AØ'ÿ Legal AØ'ÿ Legal AØ'ÿ LegalTÑÔ€XXXXÔÑ7€.íXXdðXXdð7Ñ )*E+,Ê-.D/Ê0Ê1E2œ}X!3|x2(ï(3Ú$¤¤Ý ƒ­!ÝÑ  ÑÒH°ÒÒ°ÒÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÔ€X¹*XXXÔÑ7€¹*XXdðXXdð7ÑÝ  Ýà ` àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  ÔHR2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô  ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(ArialPtPtHHøHÿöÿòV,(ühhØ hd'0ÿÎÿºF ® Styl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÒ  h HD: Geneva Ò dÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÑ  ÑÒ  ÒÒ H ÒÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ#€Xd#ÑÑ#€Xd#ÑÝ  Ý›ÓÓò òÓ  ÓÞ ÞÌÌIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌEASTERN€SECTION€AT€KNOXVILLEÌÓ  ÓÌÓÓó óÌPATRICIA€BROADWELL,à àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àPlaintiff/Appelleeà àà àà à)à àHAMILTON€CIRCUITà àÌà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìv.à àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àNO.€€03A01„9607„CV„00242ÌTHOMAS€MICHAEL€BROADWELL,à à)à àÌà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àDefendant/Appellantà àà àœ)à àAFFIRMED€as€MODIFIED›à àÌÌÌÌÌAndrew€Berke,€Chattanooga,€For€the€Appellant.ÌÌJacqueline€E.€Schulten,€Chattanooga,€For€the€Appellee.ÌÌÌÌÌò òòòÓ  ÓœO›€P€I€N€I€O€NÌÌÓÓÓ  Óà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àó óóóINMAN,€Senior€Judgeòòò òÌó óóóÌà àThis€is€a€domestic€relations€case.€€The€issues€are€whether€the€evidenceÏpreponderates€against€(1)€an€award€of€alimony€òòin€futuroóó€to€the€appellee,€(2)€theÏfinding€that€an€alleged€loan€to€the€parties€was€intended€as€a€gift,€(3)€an€award€ofÏattorneyððs€fees.Ìà àThe€appellant€is€45„years„old.€€He€holds€bachelorððs€and€œmasterððs›€degreesÍand€is€a€pharmaceutical€salesman.€€He€and€the€appellee€were€married€when€sheÏwas€17,€and€they€have€two€children,€both€of€age.€€He€is€presently€unemployed€dueÏto€his€refusal€to€accept€a€transfer€from€Chattanooga€to€Knoxville€or€Nashville.Ìà àIn€happier€times,€the€parties€enjoyed€a€lifestyle€commensurate€with€hisÏincome€of€$75,000.00€annually,€and€her€income€from€secretarial€work€ofÏ$19,000.00.€€Because€of€the€collapse€of€their€marriage,€they€agreed€that€theirÏresidence€should€be€sold,€with€the€proceeds€equally€divided.€€This€wasÏaccomplished,€but€the€appellantððs€share€of€the€proceeds€was€ordered€held€inÏescrow€as€security€for€his€decretal€obligations.€€He€has€since€moved€to€Texas€andÏmakes€his€home€with€his€mother.Ìà àThe€Court€ordered€the€appellant€to€pay€$1500.00€per€month€to€the€appelleeÏas€alimony€òòin€futuroóó.€€He€complains€that€because€he€is€unemployed€and€withoutÏincome,€the€court€has€ordered€him€to€do€the€impossible;€to€this€argument,€theÏappellee€responds€that€the€appellantððs€former€employer,€Glaxo€Wellcome,€offeredÏhim€continued€employment€in€the€Tennessee€location,€but€that€he€refused€theseÏoffers€because€he€wanted€to€stay€in€Chattanooga.€€His€protestations€ofÏunemployment,€his€efforts€made€to€secure€employment,€the€sincerity€of€his€quest,Ïand€the€depth€of€his€ambition€did€not€impress€the€trial€judge.€€Notable,€too,€is€the€factÏthat€notwithstanding€his€professed€determination€to€remain€in€the€ChattanoogaÏarea,€he€now€resides€in€Texas€and€admits€that€he€has€œno€impairments›€which€wouldÏbe€preclusive€of€employment.Ìà àAppellant€also€complains€of€the€nature€of€the€alimony€award.€€He€argues€thatÏhis€former€spouse€is€capable€of€rehabilitation€and,€thus,€should€have€been€awardedÍalimony€in€a€lesser€amount.€€The€trial€judge€found€that€the€inappropriate€conduct€ofÏthe€appellant€destroyed€the€marriage,€and€that€the€appellee€should€continue€toÏenjoy€the€lifestyle€previously€œobtaining,›€superimposed€upon€the€fact€that€she€has€noÏadvanced€education,€is€qualified€only€for€secretarial€work€and€assisted€theÏappellant€in€attaining€his€masterððs€degree.€€òòSee€Duncan€v.€Duncanóó,€686€S.W.2dÏ568€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1984).€€While€rehabilitative€alimony€is€preferred,€òòsee€óóT.C.A.€36„5„101(d)(1);€òòStorey€v.€Storeyóó,€835€S.W.2d€593€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1992),€we€cannot€sayÏthat€the€evidence€preponderates€against€the€finding€of€the€trial€court€that€uponÏconsideration€of€all€of€the€relevant€factors€prescribed€by€T.C.A.€ðð€36„5„101(d),€theÏrehabilitation€of€this€economically€disadvantaged€appellee€was€not€feasible.€€OurÏreview€is€òòde€novoóó€on€the€record€with€the€presumption€that€the€trial€court€is€correctÏunless€the€evidence€otherwise€preponderates.€€òòTenn.€R.€App.€P.€óó13(d).Ìà àNext,€appellant€argues€that€his€mother€loaned€him€and€the€appelleeÏœ$49,000.00›€when€they€ran€short€of€funds€required€to€œconstruct›€their€residence,€butÏthat€the€trial€court€ruled€the€transaction€was€a€gift€and,€thus,€not€repayable.€€TheÏevidence€on€this€issue€is€rather€meager,€but€we€think€the€preponderanceÏœSUPPORTS›€the€finding€of€the€trial€court.Ìà àOn€June€1,€1992,€the€parties€jointly€executed€three€promissory€notes€payableÏto€Katherine€S.€Broadwell,€aggregating€$49,000.00,€with€interest,€and€payable€one,Ïtwo€and€three€years€from€that€date.€€These€funds€were€used€in€the€construction€ofÏthe€residence.Ìà àThe€appellee€testified:ÌÓÓÌà8 àq.à àThe€notes€you€saw€this€morning€totaled€how€much,€do€youÏrecall:€€49,000?Ìà8 àA.à àI€think€so.Ìà8 àQ.à àAll€right.€€What€was€your€understanding€until€you€saw€theseÏnotes;€was€it€a€gift,€a€loan€or€what?Ìà8 àA.à àIt€started€out€as€a€loan.€€We€had€„„€Tom€had€invested€someÏmoney€in€the€stock€market€from€our€previous€house,€and€it€œfallen[sic›]Ïthrough.€€So€we€were€coming€out€short.€€So€we€asked€Tomððs€motherÏfor€a€loan.€€Tom€spoke€to€her,€I€didnððt.Ìà8 àà àShe€had€agreed€to€give€us€the€loan,€and€then€later€Tom€told€meÏthat€she€had€decided€to€give€it€to€us,€just€as€we€had€borrowed€moneyÏfrom€my€parents,€which€we€paid€them€back.Ìà8 àQ.à àAll€right.€€But€you€didnððt€know€that€there€was€actually€a€loan€untilÏthis€morning,€and€you€saw€three€documents,€I€believe,€that€totaledÏ49,000?Ìà8 àA.à àCorrect.€€Tom€had€approached€a€friend€of€ours,€who€I€believeÏheððs€a€CPA,€a€vice„president€of€a€bank,€about€how€to€get€around€it,€soÏto€speak,€how€to€have€it€put€down€as€part€of€his€motherððs€estate,Ïbecause€she€had€said€that€she€would€give€it€to€us.ÌÓ  Ó*€€*€€*ÌÓ  Óà8 àQ.à àAnd€you€testified€earlier€that€Mr.€Broadwellððs€mother,€whoseÏname€is€Katherine€Broadwell,€initially€made€a€loan€to€you€and€Tom?Ìà8 àA.à àCorrect.Ìà8 àQ.à àWhat€was€that€loan€for,€Mrs.€Broadwell?Ìà8 àA.à àTo€help€us€pay€for€the€house.Ìà8 àQ.à àOkay.€€Mrs.€Broadwell,€have€you€ever€seen€the€document€that€IÏjust€placed€before€you?€€I€didnððt€give€you€yours.€€Okay.€€Do€youÏrecognize€those€documents,€Mrs.€Broadwell?€€[the€promissory€notes]Ìà8 àA.à àI€remember€working€up€something€for€his€mom€to€satisfy€herÏincome€tax.€€I€donððt€remember€these,€specifically.Ìà8 àQ.à àOkay.€€Is€that€your€signature€on€there?Ìà8 àA.à àThatððs€my€signature.Ìà8 àQ.à àOkay.€€Is€your€signature€on€an€„„€Well,€let€me€do€this.€€On€LoanÏOne„A,€is€that€your€signature?Ìà8 àA.à àOn€œwhat?›Ìà8 àQ.à àUp€in€the€upper€left„hand€corner?Ìà0 àA.à àœI€just€said€it€was.›Ìà8 àQ.à àWhat€about€Loan€Two„B?Ìà8 àA.à àThe€same€there.Ìà àQ.à àAnd€what€about€Loan€Two„C?Ìà àA.à àYes.Ìà8 àQ.à àI€believe€itððs€also€your€testimony€that€none€of€these€amountsÏhave€been€paid€back?Ìà8 àA.à àCorrect.ÌÓ  Ó*€€*€€*ÌÓ  Óà8 àQ.à àAll€right.€€And€I€believe€all€three€documents€are€dated€the€sameÏdate€of€three€subsequent€years,€June€1€of€ðð92,€ðð93€and€ðð94;€is€thatÏcorrect?Ìà8 àTHE€COURT:€€Is€this€in€addition€to€the€other€mortgage?Ìà àMS.€SCHULTENà àYes,€sir.ÌòòBY€MS.€SCHULTENóó:Ìà8 àQ.à àWas€any€of€that€money€ever€repaid,€since€1992?Ìà àA.à àNo.Ìà8 àQ.à àIs€there€a€monthly€payment€ever€made€to€your€mother„in„law?Ìà8 àA.à àNo.Ìà8 àQ.à àAll€right.€€And€do€you€have„„Ìà8 àTHE€COURT:€€I€donððt€think€we€need€to€go€much€further.€€If€that€cameÏfrom€his€estate,€itððs€not€joint€property.Ìà àMS.€SCHULTEN:€€Okay.Ìà8 àTHE€COURT:€€If€it€came€from€there,€he€could€easily€claim€it.€€SheððdÏhave€to€show€itððs€a€gift.€€Unless€youððve€got€some€strong€evidence€that€itÏwas€a€gift,€I€donððt€see€how€we€can„„ÌÓ  Ó*€€*€€*ÌÓ  Óà8 àQ.à àMr.€Broadwell,€for€the€record,€will€you€identify€those€documents?€Ï[the€promissory€notes]Ìà8 àA.à àThese€are€the€forms€that€Judy€œWider,›€who€was€with€PioneerÏBank,€now,€I€believe€had€recommended€that€I€fill€out€in€order€to€verifyÏor€establish€the€loan€as€opposed€to€it€being€an€outright€gift.€€Because,Ïobviously,€weððd€only€have€a€19,000€or€20,000€dollar€limit€if€my€motherÏgave€us€the€money,€and€we€couldnððt€even€pay€the€taxes€on€theÏbalance.€€And€it€was€a€loan.Ìà8 àà àSo€this€is€what€she€told€us€to€fill€out,€as€far€as€the€loan.Ìà8 àQ.à àHave€you€paid€your€mother€back€these€amounts€that€are€dueÏher?Ìà8 àA.à àNo,€we€have€not.Ìà8 àQ.à àHas€your€mother€forgiven€these€amounts€that€are€due€her?Ìà8 àA,à àWhat€sheððs€forgiven€is€basically„„Ìà8 àMS.€SCHULTEN:€€I€object,€Your€Honor.€€I€think€thatððs€hearsay.Ìà8 àTHE€COURT:€€All€right.€€The€question€in€my€mind€is€she€gave€the€limitÏshe€could€give.€€And,€you€know,€I€need€some€help€on€that,€maybe.€€AllÏright.ÌÓÓÌà àTaken€in€its€entirety,€we€think€the€preponderant€evidence€is€that€theÏ$49,000.00€was€a€loan€initially,€later€gifted€by€the€lender.€€The€appellee€so€testified;Ïher€testimony€was€not€refuted€by€the€appellant€who€had€ample€opportunity€to€do€so,Íand€the€lender„donor€did€œnotÔ% € Ô›€testify.€€At€any€rate,€we€are€unable€to€find€that€theÏevidence€preponderates€against€the€finding€of€the€trial€judge.Ìà àNext,€the€appellee€complains€of€his€oneration€for€attorneyððs€fees€of€his€wife.€ÏSuch€fees€are€in€the€nature€of€alimony,€and€the€same€statutory€factors€should€beÏconsidered.€€T.C.A.€ðð€36„5„101(d)(1);€€òòWade€v.€Wadeóó,€897€S.W.2d€702€(Tenn.€Ct.ÏApp.€1994);€òòHoughland€v.€Houghlandóó,€844€S.W.2d€619€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1992).Ìà àThe€appellee€received€$135,000.00€from€the€sale€of€the€residence,Ï$44,000.00€from€her€husbandððs€IRA€and€$6500.00€on€a€joint€checking€account.€€WeÏagree€with€the€appellant€that€she€has€sufficient€funds€to€pay€her€attorney,€and€theÏjudgment€will€be€modified€accordingly.€€As€modified,€the€judgment€is€affirmed,€withÏcosts€assessed€75%€to€the€appellant€and€25%€to€the€appellee.€€The€case€isÏremanded€for€appropriate€purposes.ÌÌÓÓà àà àà àà àà àà à__________________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àWilliam€H.€Inman,€Senior€JudgeÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌœ______________________________›ÌHouston€M.€Goddard,€Presiding€œJudge›ÌÌÌÌ______________________________ÌCharles€D.€Susano,€Jr.,€JudgeÌòòò òÌœóóÔ€ôÔó ó›