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ÔÔ€gÔÝ  ÝÑ  ÑÑ7€Ï­XXdÈdÈ7ÑÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ ` ÑÑ  ÑÑ , ÑÑ 5 ÑÑ  ÑÑ€h §u` ÑÙ€€ÙßL€jli;+'h|` Å `€€Lß›à@ àIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALSÏOF€TENNESSEEÌÌà@ àEASTERN€SECTIONÌÌÌÌÌÌÌFAYE€LOUISE€TAYLOR€CHADWELLà@ à)à àCAMPBELL€COUNTYÌà@ à)à à03A01„9601„GS„00007Ìà àPlaintiff„Appelleeà àà@ à)Ìà@ à)Ìà@ à)Ìà àv.à àà@ à)à àHON.€BILLY€JOE€WHITE,Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€à@ à)à àCHANCELLORÌà à€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€à@ à)à à(Sitting€by€Interchange)ÌALBERT€CHADWELL€andà@ à)ÌCONSOLIDATION€COAL€COMPANY× ƒm ××  ×à@ à)à àÌà àà à€€à@ à)à àÌà àDefendants„Appellantsà@ à)à àAFFIRMED€AND€REMANDEDÌÌÌÌÌÌÌJERROLD€L.€BECKER€and€LUCINDA€M.€ALBISTON€OF€KNOXVILLE€FORÏAPPELLANTSÌÌJOHNNY€V.€DUNAWAY€OF€LaFOLLETTE€OF€KNOXVILLE€FOR€APPELLEEÌÌÌÌÌÌà@ àòòO€P€I€N€I€O€NóóÌÌÌÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà à€€à àà àà à€€Goddard,€P.J.€ÌÌÌÌÌÓÓà àà àIn€this€post„divorce€proceeding,€the€Chancellor€foundÏthat€certain€assets€owned€by€Albert€Chadwell€at€the€time€of€theÏpartiesðð€divorce€were€marital€assets€and€that€his€former€wife,ÏFaye€Louise€Taylor€Chadwell,€was€entitled€to€a€judgment€againstÏhim€of€$94,320€which€included€interest€from€the€date€of€theÏdivorce.€€The€Chancellor€also€impressed€a€lien€against€certainÏreal€estate€originally€owned€by€Mr.€Chadwell,€who€later€purportedÏto€transfer€an€interest€to€his€present€wife.€€Both€the€real€estateÏand€the€home€Mr.€Chadwell€erected€thereon€were€paid€for€in€partÏwith€the€assets€in€dispute€in€this€appeal.ÌÌà àà àThe€principal€question€to€be€decided€in€this€appeal€isÏwhether€an€order€entered€in€a€previous€œproceeding›€between€theÏparties€found€that€Mrs.€Chadwell€was€not€entitled€to€theseÏspecific€funds,€thus€barring€her€claim€under€the€theory€or€òòresóóÏòòjudicataóó.ÌÌà àà àThe€parties€were€married€on€October€8,€1966.€€ThroughoutÏtheir€18„year€marriage,€Mr.€Chadwell€was€employed€by€ConsolidationÏCoal€Company.€€By€1984,€Mr.€Chadwell€had€three€accounts€throughÏhis€employment€at€Consolidation€Coal€Company:€an€EmployeeÍRetirement€of€Consol€Inc.€(retirement€plan)€which€became€vestedÏJune€1,€1983;€a€Conoco€Employees€Stock€Ownership€Plan€(CESOP)Ïcomposed€entirely€of€DuPont€stock;€and€an€Investment€Plan€forÏSalaried€Employees€of€Consol€(investment€plan).ÌÌà àà àThe€marriage€was€terminated€by€a€Final€Decree€of€DivorceÏentered€on€June€11,€1984.€€The€Final€Decree€provided€in€part:ÌÌÓÓà8 à5.€€That€Faye€Louise€Taylor€Chadwell€is€awarded€the€1974ÏGrand€Prix€automobile€and€all€other€personal€propertyÏacquired€by€the€parties,€except€the€stock€accumulated€byÏAlbert€Chadwell€at€his€place€of€employment,€which€stockÏis€awarded€50%€to€Albert€Chadwell€and€50%€to€Faye€LouiseÏTaylor€Chadwell,€with€each€party€to€be€responsible€forÏhis€respective€share€of€income€tax€due€at€such€time€asÏany€taxes€are€due€on€the€said€respective€partyððs€stock.€ÌÓÓÌà àà àThe€stock€mentioned€in€the€Decree€was€not€furtherÏidentified€or€defined€by€the€Decree.€€There€was€no€valuation€ofÏthe€stock€at€the€time€of€the€divorce.€€However,€Ms.€ChadwellÏaverred€in€her€original€complaint€for€divorce€that€the€stock€wasÏworth€approximately€$50,000.€€There€was€no€distribution€of€theÏstock€or€the€proceeds€thereof€to€Ms.€Chadwell.ÌÌà àà àA€hearing€was€conducted€on€June€4,€1986,€in€the€GeneralÏSessions€Court€for€Campbell€County.€€The€Court€found€that€Mr.ÏChadwell€"owns€an€interest€in€a€retirement€investment€account€orÍstock€account€in€his€employer,"€and€that€the€account€had€drawn€aÏminimal€of€10€percent€interest€since€the€entry€of€the€FinalÏDecree.€€The€Court€ordered€him€to€provide€verification€of€theÏamounts€in€the€investment€accounts,€to€determine€the€present€valueÏof€the€accounts,€and€to€provide€Ms.€Chadwell€with€access€to€theÏrecords€pertaining€to€the€accounts.ÌÌà àà àOn€February€19,€1988,€the€Court€attempted€to€determineÏMs.€Chadwellððs€interest€in€the€retirement€plan€under€the€FinalÏDecree.€€The€Court€found€that€"[t]he€retirement€plan€funds€whichÏare€at€issue€in€this€action€are€not€mentioned€per€se€in€theÏœdecree.€.€.€.›€€Given€the€distinctive€nature€and€large€amount€ofÏthe€retirement€plan€in€1984€it€would€seem€logical€that€it€would€beÏaddressed€in€its€own€terms€rather€than€lumped€in€with€the€termÏœstock."€›€œThe›€Chancellor€stated€that€the€issue€of€Ms.€ChadwellððsÏinterest€in€the€retirement€account€could€and€should€have€beenÏlitigated€in€1984€at€which€time€the€parties€had€knowledge€of€itÏbut€did€not€include€it€in€a€division€of€their€marital€property.€ÏThus,€the€Chancellor€held€that€under€the€Final€Decree,€Ms.ÏChadwell€had€no€interest€in€the€retirement€account.€€Ms.€ChadwellÏdid€not€appeal€the€Courtððs€findings.€€€€€€€ÌÌà àà àIn€the€following€years,€Mr.€Chadwell€failed€to€provideÏverification€of€the€stock€or€investment€accounts€and€he€failed€toÏmake€any€distributions€to€Ms.€Chadwell€as€ordered€by€the€court€inÏ1984€and€1986.€€Ms.€Chadwell€filed€a€petition€for€contempt€onÏNovember€23,€1993,€seeking€valuation€of€the€her€interest€in€Mr.ÏChadwellððs€holdings€with€his€employer€and€a€judgment€for€her€one„half€interest.€€The€Court€held€that€Mr.€Chadwell€was€in€contemptÏfor€failing€to€provide€verification€of€the€accounts€and€forÏfailing€to€distribute€50€percent€of€the€value€of€the€accounts€asÏhe€was€ordered€to€do€by€the€Court€in€1984€and€1986.€€The€CourtÏalso€made€a€finding€that€the€value€of€the€accounts€was€no€lessÏthan€$84,927.99,€one€half€of€which€was€owed€to€Ms.€Chadwell.ÌÌà àà àOn€March€9,€1995,€Ms.€Chadwell€filed€an€amended€petitionÏfor€contempt€adding€Mr.€Chadwellððs€current€wife,€Donna€MarieÏChadwell.€€Ms.€Chadwell€complained€that€Mr.€Chadwell€and€hisÏpresent€wife€had€used€Ms.€Chadwellððs€portion€of€the€stock€funds€toÏpurchase€real€property€and€construct€a€house.€€The€petitionÏalleged€that€Mr.€Chadwell€had€attempted€to€avoid€Ms.€ChadwellððsÏclaims€as€a€judgment€creditor€by€conveying€the€real€property€andÏthe€house€to€his€current€wife.€€Mr.€Chadwell€responded€to€theÏpetition€by€an€answer€in€the€form€of€a€general€denial€alleging€noÏaffirmative€defenses.ÌÌà àà àAt€trial€on€July€12,€1995,€Mr.€Chadwellððs€retirementÏplan,€the€investment€plan€and€the€CESOP€were€identified€throughÏthe€testimony€of€the€supervisor€of€qualified€benefits€atÏConsolidation€Coal€Company.€€It€was€established€that€all€threeÏaccounts€were€in€existence€at€the€time€of€the€Final€Decree€inÏ1984.€€The€retirement€plan€became€vested€as€of€1983€and€Mr.ÏChadwell€would€be€able€to€draw€benefits€from€it€in€1998.€€Mr.ÏChadwellððs€investment€plan€was€made€up€entirely€of€stock€untilÏ1981€at€which€time€it€was€converted€into€a€deposit€savingsÏaccount.€€The€plan€allowed€for€up€to€three€partial€withdrawals€perÏyear€and€a€total€withdrawal€at€any€time.€€The€CESOP€was€composedÏentirely€of€DuPont€stock€and€could€not€be€withdrawn€until€Mr.ÏChadwell€terminated€his€employment.ÌÌà àà àMr.€Chadwell€terminated€his€employment€withÏConsolidation€Coal€Company€on€December€31,€1990.€€He€liquidatedÏhis€CESOP€account€on€November€19,€1992,€for€the€sum€of€$14,648.37.€ÏHe€made€no€distribution€to€Ms.€Chadwell€after€the€liquidation.€ÏThere€was€evidence€submitted€that€Mr.€Chadwell€withdrew€a€total€ofÏ$187,044.16€from€the€investment€plan€after€the€Final€Decree.€€FromÏthis€account,€Mr.€Chadwell€distributed€$1,245€to€Ms.€Chadwell€inÏFebruary€of€1986.ÌÌà àà àThere€was€evidence€at€trial€that€Ms.€Chadwell€was€aÏhomemaker€throughout€the€marriage€and€did€not€deal€with€theÏaccounts€in€any€way.€€Ms.€Chadwell€testified€that€her€husbandÏalways€referred€to€the€accounts€generically€as€"stock."€€Also,Ïthere€was€testimony€that€Mr.€Chadwell€admitted€in€1984€that€Ms.ÏChadwellððs€share€of€the€accounts€he€held€with€his€employer€wasÏ$26,000€and€that€he€persuaded€her€to€leave€the€stock€in€theÏaccounts€on€the€representation€the€stock€would€earn€more€interestÏif€it€was€left€with€Mr.€Chadwell.€€Ms.€Chadwell€chose€not€toÏliquidate€or€withdraw€her€share€at€that€time.€ÌÌà àà àMr.€Chadwell€asserted€at€trial€that€he€was€only€requiredÏto€share€with€Ms.€Chadwell€the€holdings€in€the€CESOP€€which,€atÏthe€time€of€the€Final€Decree,€he€stated€was€worth€$2,000.€€Mr.ÏChadwell€asserted€that€he€paid€Ms.€Chadwell€all€funds€due€to€herÏfrom€the€CESOP€in€1986€by€check.€€Ms.€Chadwell€testified€that€theÏcheck€was€from€the€investment€plan€and€was€for€their€children.€ÏMr.€Chadwell€admitted€during€cross„examination€that€he€altered€theÏcheck€after€it€was€returned€to€him€so€that€it€would€erroneouslyÏindicate€that€it€came€from€the€CESOP€rather€than€the€investmentÏaccount.€€€ÌÌà àà àMr.€Chadwell€testified€that€the€investment€plan€was€partÏof€his€retirement€plan.€€However,€there€was€testimony€from€theÏsupervisor€of€qualified€benefits€at€Consolidation€Coal€CompanyÏthat€the€investment€plan€and€the€retirement€plan€were€two€separateÏand€distinct€accounts.ÌÌà àà àThe€Trial€Court€found€that€Ms.€Chadwell€had€a€one„halfÏinterest€in€the€CESOP€and€in€the€investment€plan.€€The€Court€foundÏthat€litigation€of€the€retirement€account€was€barred€by€òòresóóÏòòjudicataóó€arising€from€the€1986€hearing.€€The€Trial€Court€awardedÏMs.€Chadwell€a€judgment€of€$94,320€representing€her€share€of€theÏCESOP€and€the€investment€plan€and€imposed€a€lien€upon€Mr.ÏChadwellððs€real€property€to€secure€payment€of€the€judgment.€€AfterÏtrial,€the€Chancellor€set€aside€the€deed€from€Mr.€Chadwell€to€hisÏcurrent€wife€as€a€fraudulent€conveyance.€€Ìà àà àÌà àà àIn€this€appeal,€Mr.€Chadwell€has€raised€several€issues,Ïall€of€which€are€based€on€the€doctrine€of€òòresóó€òòjudicataóó.€€However,ÏMs.€Chadwell€asserts€that€because€Mr.€Chadwell€failed€toÏaffirmatively€plead€the€defense€of€res€judicata€his€access€to€thisÏdefense€has€been€waived.€€€Mr.€Chadwellððs€only€responsive€pleadingÏwas€in€the€form€of€a€general€denial€and€he€failed€to€state€anyÏaffirmative€defenses.€ÌÌà àà àRule€8.3€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€Civil€Procedure€Ïrequires€that€a€party€affirmatively€set€forth€facts€relied€upon€toÏestablish€an€affirmative€defense€in€a€responsive€pleading.€€TheÏrule€explicitly€mentions€òòresóó€òòjudicataóó€as€such€an€affirmativeÏdefense.€à àRule€12.08€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€Civil€ProcedureÏprovides€that€defenses€not€properly€raised€are€waived.€€Thus,Ïfailure€to€raise€the€defense€of€òòresóó€òòjudicataóó€in€a€responsiveÏpleading€will€act€as€a€waiver€of€a€partyððs€ability€to€raise€thatÏdefense.€€ÌÌà àà àHowever,€Rule€15.02€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€CivilÏProcedure€states€"[w]hen€issues€not€raised€by€the€pleadings€areÏtried€by€express€or€implied€consent€of€the€parties,€they€shall€beÏtreated€in€all€respects€as€if€they€had€been€raised€in€theÏpleadings."€€The€Rule€states€that€the€pleadings€may€be€amended€atÏany€time€so€as€to€conform€to€the€evidence€presented€at€trial€butÏfailure€to€amend€the€pleadings€will€not€affect€the€result€of€theÏtrial€of€the€issues.€€An€issue€is€tried€by€implied€consent€whenÏthe€party€opposing€the€issue€knew€or€should€reasonably€have€knownÏof€the€evidence€relating€to€the€new€issue,€did€not€object€to€theÏevidence,€and€was€not€prejudiced€by€the€inclusion€of€the€evidence.€ÍòòZack€Cheek€Builders,€Inc.€v.€McLeodóó,€597€S.W.2d€888€(Tenn.1980).€ÏSee€also€òòChisholm€v.€Bohannonóó,€558€S.W.2d€446€(Tenn.App.1977).ÌÌà àà àAlthough€Mr.€Chadwell€did€not€specifically€plead€òòresóóÏòòjudicataóó€as€required€by€Rule€8.3,€the€issue€was€raised€throughÏtestimony€at€trial.€€There€was€no€objection€made€on€behalf€of€Ms.ÏChadwell€that€the€evidence€was€beyond€the€scope€of€the€pleadings.€ÏIn€his€opinion,€the€Chancellor€made€a€specific€ruling€as€to€theÏissue€of€òòresóó€òòjudicataóó.€€Finally,€the€issue€was€argued€on€behalf€ofÏMr.€Chadwell€in€a€motion€for€new€trial.× ƒn ××  ×€€Thus,€we€find€that€theÏissue€was€tried€by€implied€consent€and€Mr.€Chadwell€has€not€waivedÏhis€right€to€assert€this€defense.€ÌÌà àà àMr.€Chadwell€asserts€that,€based€on€a€òòresóó€òòjudicataóóÏtheory,€the€Trial€Court€should€have€been€precluded€from€litigatingÏthe€issue€of€whether€Ms.€Chadwell€had€rights€in€the€CESOP€and€theÏinvestment€plan.€€He€argues€that€the€issues€were€previouslyÏlitigated€in€1984€and€1988.€€ÌÌà àà àThe€defense€of€òòresóó€òòjudicataóó€will€be€available€if€theÏparty€asserting€the€defense€can€show€that€the€prior€judgment€wasÏby€a€court€of€competent€jurisdiction,€that€the€same€parties€wereÏinvolved€in€both€suits,€that€the€same€cause€of€action€was€involvedÏin€both€suits,€and€that€the€underlying€judgment€was€on€the€merits.€ÏòòLee€v.€Hallóó,€790€S.W.2d€293€(Tenn.App.1990).€€A€prior€judgmentÏwill€preclude€only€matters€that€were€at€issue€in€the€priorÏjudgment.€€"[T]he€adjudication,€to€be€conclusive,€should€be€uponÏthe€very€point€brought€directly€in€issue€by€the€pleadings."€€òòWhiteÏv.€Whiteóó,€876€S.W.2d€837€(Tenn.1994).€ÌÌà àà àAs€stated€above,€the€Court€in€1984€entered€a€FinalÏDecree€setting€forth€the€rights€and€duties€of€the€parties.€€AsÏalready€noted,€the€Final€Decree€generically€stated€that€Ms.ÏChadwell€was€to€receive€50€percent€of€the€"stock"€that€Mr.ÏChadwell€had€in€Consolidation€Coal€Company.€€There€was€evidence€atÏtrial€that€Mr.€Chadwell€referred€to€all€investment€and€retirementÏaccounts€with€his€employer€as€"stock."€€The€definition€and€extentÏof€that€term€were€not€at€issue€and€were€not€litigated.€It€seemsÏaxiomatic€that€the€issuance€of€a€divorce€decree€will€not€be€òòresóóÏòòjudicataóó€as€to€an€issue€that€arises€as€to€the€interpretation€ofÏthe€decree€itself.€€Mr.€Chadwell€argues€that€the€issue€could€haveÏand€should€have€been€litigated€when€the€decree€was€issued.€€But,Íit€seems€clear€that€there€was€no€issue€until€the€interpretation€ofÏthe€term€"stock"€became€disputed.€€ÌÌà àà àAt€issue€in€the€1988€litigation€was,€as€stated€by€theÏChancellor€in€that€proceeding,€"whether€Faye€Chadwell€was€entitledÏto€a€full€or€partial€interest€or€share€in€a€retirement€plan€ofÏAlbert€Chadwell."€€The€issue€of€Ms.€Chadwellððs€interest€in€theÏCESOP€and€the€investment€plan€were€not€addressed.€€The€Trial€CourtÏin€that€action€held€that€the€issue€of€Ms.€Chadwellððs€interest€inÏthe€retirement€account€should€have€been€litigated€in€1984€and€heÏdeclined€to€read€the€Final€Decree€broadly€enough€to€include€theÏretirement€plan.€€The€Trial€Court€in€the€present€case€applied€òòresóóÏòòjudicataóó€with€respect€to€the€retirement€account€although€theÏChancellor€expressed€doubts€as€to€the€soundness€of€the€1986Ïdecision.€€Nevertheless,€it€is€clear€that€the€issue€of€the€extentÏof€Ms.€Chadwellððs€interest€in€the€CESOP€and€the€investment€planÏwere€not€raised€or€decided€in€the€1988€proceeding.€€ÌÌà àà àAlso,€the€litigation€in€1988€arose€from€a€petition€filedÏby€Ms.€Chadwell€seeking€to€compel€Mr.€Chadwell€to€provideÏverification€of€the€value€of€the€"stock"€which€he€had€failed€to€doÏin€violation€of€a€court€order€issued€in€1984€and€1986.€€AllÏsubsequent€action€between€the€parties€charged€Mr.€Chadwell€withÍcontempt€for€failure€to€provide€verification€of€his€holdings€withÏConsolidation€Coal€Company€and€for€failure€to€make€distributionsÏfrom€those€holdings€to€Ms.€Chadwell.€€With€the€exception€ofÏseeking€to€compel€Mr.€Chadwell€to€comply€with€the€prior€courtÏorders,€none€of€the€issues€presented€in€the€1995€litigation€hadÏbeen€raised€in€the€prior€litigation,€by€the€pleadings€orÏotherwise.€€Thus,€we€hold€that€the€prior€litigation€did€not€barÏMs.€Chadwell€from€seeking€a€court€to€declare€the€extent€of€herÏinterest€in€the€CESOP€and€the€investment€plan.ÌÌà àà àNext,€Mr.€Chadwell€asserts€that€the€Chancellor€erred€inÏfinding€that€the€investment€plan€was€separate€and€distinct€fromÏthe€retirement€plan.€€Mr.€Chadwell€seeks€to€include€the€investmentÏplan€within€the€retirement€plan€because€the€Court€below€gave€òòresóóÏòòjudicataóó€effect€to€the€issue€of€the€retirement€plan.ÌÌà àà àThe€findings€of€fact€of€the€trial€court€comes€to€thisÏCourt€accompanied€by€a€presumption€of€correctness€which€must€beÏhonored€unless€the€"preponderance€of€the€evidence€is€otherwise."€ÏRule€13(d),€Tennessee€Rules€of€Appellate€Procedure;€òòUnion€CarbideÏCorp.€v.€Huddlestonóó,€854€S.W.2d€87€(Tenn.1993).€€We€find€that€theÏChancellor€had€ample€evidence€upon€which€to€base€a€finding€thatÏthe€plans€were€separate.€€There€was€testimony€from€the€supervisorÍof€qualified€benefits€of€Consolidation€Coal€Company€and€anÏaccountant€stating€that€Mr.€Chadwell€had€an€interest€in€theÏretirement€plan,€the€investment€plan,€and€the€CESOP.€€Also,Ïalthough€Mr.€Chadwell€testified€that€he€only€had€an€interest€inÏthe€CESOP€and€the€retirement€plan€his€credibility€had€been€calledÏinto€question€when€he€admitted€to€altering€a€check€to€Ms.€ChadwellÏthat€was€paid€with€funds€from€the€investment€account.€€TheÏChancellor€made€a€specific€post„trial€ruling€that€Mr.€Chadwell€hadÏengaged€in€fraud€and€perjury€in€relation€to€this€litigation.€ÏThus,€the€findings€of€the€Chancellor€did€not€preponderate€againstÏthe€evidence.€€Consequently,€we€affirm€the€conclusion€of€theÏChancellor€on€this€issue.ÌÌà àà àMr.€Chadwellððs€final€issue€asserts€that€the€Trial€CourtÏerred€in€finding€that€Ms.€Chadwell€had€a€one„half€interest€in€allÏaccounts€belonging€to€Mr.€Chadwell€at€the€time€of€the€divorce.€ÏThis€argument€is€without€merit€because€the€Chancellor€did€not€holdÏthat€Ms.€Chadwell€had€a€one„half€interest€in€all€of€Mr.€ChadwellððsÏaccounts.€€Rather,€the€Chancellor€expressly€held€that€Ms.€ChadwellÏhad€a€one„half€interest€in€the€CESOP€and€the€investment€plan,€butÏno€interest€in€the€retirement€plan.€ÌÌà àà àFor€the€foregoing€reasons€the€judgment€of€the€TrialÏCourt€is€affirmed€and€the€cause€remanded€œfor€such€furtherÏproceedings,€if€any,€as€may€be€necessary€and€collection€of€theÏjudgment€and€costs€below.€€Costs€of€appeal€are€adjudged€againstÏMr.€Chadwell€and€his€surety.ÌÌÓÓà àà àà àà àà àà à_______________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àHouston€M.€Goddard,€P.J.€ÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ________________________________ÌHerschel€P.€Franks,€J.ÌÌÌÌ________________________________ÌClifford€E.€Sanders,€Sp.J.Ì