ÿWPCÑ& …# VUNa %¯ 0 (µ4Ýñ 0l 0Dl ° ¸ 0J¸ 0T 0^V w@´ 0hô 0r\ 0|Î 0†J 0Ð 1u` U,Õ 0dU,eU>‘U 6ÏB)DC. AMq D3¾ BñU* 0@8"xšXœô!ª1v~ÛvÓY AO,%Æ{% 0DA& D/…& B´&˜HP LaserJet 4Si/4SiMX PS 600dpiPSCRIPTÀÌÀääÀÀÌ0 (ÈhH  Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡»~g 3|x…((3üÝ$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô q[rs{tuEvwxDyzÓ€26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)< Œ 9p`(ModernP ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(Monaco< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman< Œ 9p`(Courier New% Line 7 d''''7Border 1dd€-(Cþÿ << Gÿÿ++++'ÿÿdxd d< Œ 9p`(Arial("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€%ÔÝ  ÝÔ€,ÔÔ€,ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€,XÔÌÌò òMarch€19,€1996ÌÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€,ôÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó øÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€%ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€&ÔÔ€&ôÔThe€trial€judge€found€as€follows:ÌÌà àà8 à[Brown]€was€standing€next€to€the€door€within€one€orÏtwo€feet€it€appears€to€her€best€judgment.€€But€I€thinkÏunder€the€terms€of€this€particular€policy€that€she€hadÏnot€actually€at€that€point€in€time€initiated€any€sortÏof€move€to€reach€for,€open€and€enter€into€the€vehicleÏwhich€appears€was€stillÌà àà8 à.€.€.€locked€and€had€not€been€opened€so€that€she€couldÏenter€it.€€And€that€she€was€in€the€course€of€aÏconversation€with€Bill€Vaughn€at€the€time€that€she€wasÏstruck€and€he€was€struck.Ì NÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€%ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€%ôÔÔ€&ÔThe€judgment€appealed€from€was€entered€pursuant€to€Tenn.€R.€Civ.€P.Ï54.02.€€It€is€appealable€as€of€right€under€T.R.A.P.€3(a).Ì Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€%ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€&ÔÔ€&ôÔThis€particular€phase€of€the€captioned€litigation€involves€only€aÏdispute€between€the€two€insurance€companies.€€If€State€Farmððs€policy€coversÏBrown€in€this€accident,€the€parties€acknowledge€that€its€coverage€is€primaryÏand€Cumis€is€secondary.€€If€not,€Cumis€is€the€only€uninsured€motorist€coverageÏapplicable€to€Brown.Ì Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€%ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€&ÔÔ€&ôÔThe€bold€and€italicized€language€is€as€the€same€appears€in€the€policy.Ì  Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€%ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€&ÔÔ€&ôÔIn€ò òòòTataóóó ó,€the€Supreme€Court€had€to€decide€if€the€plaintiff€was€ð ðuponððÏtwo€cars€facing€each€other€on€the€side€of€the€road€as€he€and€another€tried€toÏð ðjump„startðð€one€of€the€cars.€€Finding€that€ð ðuponðð€was€a€word€of€ð ðuncertainððÏmeaning,€the€court€examined€the€plaintiffððs€relationship€to€each€of€theÏvehicles,€noting€his€ð ðgeographic€and€spatial€proximity€to€both€vehiclesðð€andÏthe€fact€that€he€was€ð ðdirectly€engaged€in€activities€involving€both€vehicles.ðð€Ïò òòòTataóóó ó€848€S.W.2d€649€at€653.€€The€court€concluded€that€the€plaintiff€wasÏð ðuponðð€both€vehicles.€€ò òòòYoungeróóó ó€was€decided€11€days€after€ò òòòTataóóó ó€and€employedÏthe€same€type€analysis€of€the€word€ð ðupon.ðð€€While€we€do€not€believe€thoseÏcases€are€controlling€when€the€inquiry€involves€the€concept€of€ð ðentering,ðð€weÏbelieve€the€result€would€be€the€same€in€this€case€if€the€ò òòòTataóóó ó/ò òòòYoungeróóó óÏanalysis€was€applicable.ÌPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'@Styl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑMonacoÑÑ ÑÒ  BA: T Monaco ÒÒ  BA: T Monaco Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÓ&€$$X„d&ÓÑ#€$$Xd#ÑÔ€%ÔÝ  ÝÑ P ÑÔ€&ÔÑ7€XXdìdÈ7ÑÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ  Ñà@ àIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌÌÌMARGARET€BROWN,à àà àà à€€)€C/A€NO.€03A01„9509„CV„00308Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)€SULLIVAN€COUNTY€LAW€COURTÌà àà àPlaintiff,à àà à€€)ÌÙ€€ÙßL€).(;+'h|` Å `€€Lßà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìv.à àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)ÌGARY€M.€WHITE,€RACHEL€M.€WEBER,€)ÌKIMBERLY€R.€ANDERSON,€andà à€€)ÌVFW€POST€NO.€3382,à àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àDefendants,à àà à€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìandà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)€HONORABLE€JOHN€S.€McLELLAN,III,Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)€JUDGEÌCUMIS€INSURANCE€SOCIETY,à àà à€€)€Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àUninsured€Motoristà à€€)Ìà àà àCarrier/Appellant,€€€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìandà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)ÌSTATE€FARM€MUTUAL€AUTOMOBILEà à€€)ÌINSURANCE€COMPANY,à àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àUninsured€Motoristà à€€)Ìà àà àCarrier/Appellee.à à€€)€AFFIRMED€AND€REMANDEDÌÌÌÌLARRY€V.€ROBERTS,€Kingsport,€for€Appellant€Cumis€Insurance€SocietyÌÌJACK€M.€VAUGHN,€of€MILLER€&€VAUGHN,€Kingsport,€for€Appellee€StateÏFarm€Mutual€Automobile€Insurance€CompanyÌÌÌÌÌÌÌà@ àòòO€P€I€N€I€O€NóóÌÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àSusano,€J.ÌÓÓà àà àThis€case€involves€a€question€of€uninsured€motoristÏinsurance€coverage.€€It€appears€to€be€one€of€first€impression€inÏthe€appellate€courts€of€this€state.€€We€are€asked€to€decide€if€theÏplaintiff€Margaret€Brown€was€"entering"€the€automobile€of€herÏfriend,€the€defendant€Kimberly€R.€Anderson,€when€she€was€struck€byÏan€uninsured€vehicle.€€If€she€was,€she€is€entitled€to€uninsuredÏmotorist€coverage€as€an€"insured"€under€the€automobile€insuranceÏpolicy€issued€to€Anderson€by€State€Farm€Mutual€AutomobileÏInsurance€Company€(State€Farm).€€The€trial€judge,€in€a€non„juryÏhearing,€held€that€there€was€no€coverage× ƒ/ ××  ×.€€He€found€that€Brown€wasÏnot€ð ðenteringðð€the€Anderson€vehicle€at€the€time€of€the€accident.€ÏTherefore,€he€concluded€that€State€Farm€had€no€obligations€toÍBrown€under€the€uninsured€motorist€feature€of€that€companyððsÏpolicy.€€Cumis€Insurance€Society,€Brown's€uninsured€motoristÏcarrier,€appeals€the€trial€courtððs€judgment× ƒ0 ××  ×.€€It€contends€thatÏBrown€was€ð ðenteringðð€and€thus€ð ðoccupyingðð€her€friend's€vehicle€atÏthe€time€of€the€collision,€and€that€she€was€therefore€an€ð ðinsuredððÏunder€the€State€Farm€policy× ƒ1 ××  ×.€€We€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trialÏcourt.ÌÌà àà àThe€parties€submitted€this€question€of€coverage€to€theÏcourt€on€the€depositions€of€Brown€and€Anderson,€the€transcript€ofÏBrownððs€interview€by€a€State€Farm€adjustor,€and€the€State€Farm€andÏCumis€policies.€€In€effect,€the€parties€stipulated€the€relevantÏand€pertinent€evidence.€€There€are€few,€if€any,€disputed€materialÏfacts.€€In€any€event,€our€review€of€this€appeal€is€òòde€novoóó.€€TheÏrecord€comes€to€us€accompanied€by€a€presumption€of€correctnessÏthat€carries€the€day€unless€the€evidence€preponderates€against€theÏtrial€courtððs€findings.€€T.R.A.P.€13(d);€however,€there€is€noÍpresumption€of€correctness€as€to€the€trial€courtððs€conclusions€ofÏlaw.€€òòò òUnion€Carbide€Corp.€V.€Huddlestonó óóó,€854€S.W.2d€87,€91Ï(Tenn.€1993).ÌÌà@ àIÌÌà àà àOn€the€evening€of€October€31,€1992,€Anderson€drove€herÏState€Farm„insured€Subaru€automobile€to€Brown's€house.€€There,€sheÏpicked€up€Brown€and€the€two€went€to€the€VFW€in€Kingsport€to€attendÏa€Halloween€party.€€Anderson€parked€her€car€on€the€premises€of€theÏVFW,€close€to€the€entrance€to€the€club.€€They€arrived€at€the€VFWÏsometime€after€10€p.m.ÌÌà àà àWhen€the€party€was€over,€between€1:00€and€1:30€a.m.,ÏBrown€and€Anderson€left€the€building€and€walked€toward€AndersonððsÏcar.€€Anderson€opened€the€trunk,€closed€it,€and€then€proceeded€toÏthe€driver's€side€of€the€vehicle€while€Brown€went€to€theÏpassenger's€side.€€Before€Anderson€could€open€her€door€and€beforeÏBrown€had€yet€put€her€hand€on€the€carððs€passenger„side€door,€theÏwomen€were€approached€by€two€men€who€engaged€them€in€conversation.€ÏThe€men€had€also€been€at€the€VFW.€€While€the€women€were€standingÏat€the€car's€doors€discussing€with€the€men€whether€they€should€allÍdrive€to€a€restaurant€for€breakfast,€a€car€driven€by€an€uninsuredÏmotorist€came€over€onto€the€VFW's€premises,€struck€the€AndersonÏvehicle,€and€hit€Brown€causing€her€injury.€€At€the€time€of€theÏaccident,€Brown€was€less€than€five€feet€from€the€car's€door,€andÏmay€have€been€as€close€as€one€to€two€feet.ÌÌà àà àThe€pertinent€language× ƒ2 ××  ×€of€State€Farm's€policy€providesÏas€follows:ÌÌÓÓà@ àò òSECTION€III€UNINSURED€MOTOR€VEHICLE€COVERAGESÌÌà àà8 àA.€€UNINSURED€MOTOR€VEHICLE€„€COVERAGE€UÌà àà8 à(Damages€for€Bodily€Injury€Caused€byÏUninsured€Motor€Vehicles)ÌÌà@ àó ó*€€€€*€€€€*ÌÌà àà8 àWe€will€pay€compensatory€damages€for€òòò òbodilyÏinjuryó óóó€an€òòò òinsuredóóó ó€is€legally€entitled€toÏcollect€from€the€owner€or€driver€of€anÏòòò òuninsured€motor€vehicleó ó.óó€€The€òòò òbodilyÏinjuryó óóó€must€be€caused€by€accident€arising€outÏof€the€operation,€maintenance€or€use€of€anÏòòò òuninsured€motor€vehicleó óóó.ÌÌà@ à*€€€€*€€€€*ÌÌà àà8 àò òWho€Is€an€Insured€„„€Coverage[]€U€.€.€.ó óòòÌÌà àà8 àò òInsuredóó€ó ó„„€means€the€òòò òpersonó ó€óóor€òòò òpersonsó óóóÏcovered€by€uninsured€motor€vehicle€coverage.€ÏThis€is:ÌÌà àà àà à1.à àthe€first€òòò òpersonóó€ó ónamed€in€the€declarations;ÌÌà@ à*€€€€*€€€€*ÌÌà àà àà à4.à àany€other€òòò òpersonó óóó€while€òòò òoccupyingó óóó:ÌÌà àà àà àà àa.€€òòò òyour€caró óóó,€.€.€.ÌÌÌÌÓÓState€Farm€defines€certain€words€in€the€policy:ÌÌÓÓà@ àò òDEFINED€WORDSÌà@ àWHICH€ARE€USED€IN€SEVERAL€PARTS€OF€THE€POLICYÌÌà àà8 àó óWe€define€some€words€to€shorten€the€policy.€ÏThis€makes€it€easier€to€read€and€understand.€ÏDefined€words€are€printed€in€bold€faceÏitalics.€€òòò òYouóóó ó€can€pick€them€out€easily.ÌÌà@ à*€€€€*€€€€*ÌÌà àà8 àòòò òOccupyingó óó󀄄€means€in,€on,€entering€orÏalighting€from.ÌÌÌÌÓÓà@ àIIÌÌà àà àIn€the€interpretation€of€State€Farm's€policy,€we€areÏguided€by€well„established€principles:ÌÌÓÓà àà8 àThe€analysis€used€in€construing€insuranceÏpolicies€is€well€settled.€€"InsuranceÏcontracts€like€other€contracts€should€beÏconstrued€so€as€to€give€effect€to€theÍintention€and€express€language€of€theÏparties."€€ò òòòBlaylock€&€Brown€Construction,ÏInc.€v.€AIU€Insurance€Coóóó ó.,€796€S.W.2d€146,Ï149€(Tenn.€App.€1990).€€Words€in€an€insuranceÏpolicy€are€given€their€common€and€ordinaryÏmeaning.€€Where€language€in€an€insuranceÏpolicy€is€susceptible€of€more€than€oneÏreasonable€interpretation,€however,€it€isÏambiguous.€€òòSee€e.g.,€ò òMoss€v.€Golden€RuleÏLife€Insurance€Coó óóó.,€724€S.W.2d€367,€368Ï(Tenn.€App.€1986).€€Where€the€ambiguousÏlanguage€limits€the€coverage€of€an€insuranceÏpolicy,€that€language€must€be€construedÏagainst€the€insurance€company€and€in€favor€ofÏthe€insured.€€òòò òAllstate€Insurance€Co.€v.ÏWattsó óóó,€811€S.W.2d€883,€886€(Tenn.€1991).ÌÌÌÌÓÓò òòòTata€v.€Nicholsóóó ó,€848€S.W.2d€649,€650€(Tenn.€1993).€€We€approachÏour€task€with€these€principles€in€mind.ÌÌà àà àBoth€of€the€parties€rely€upon€the€cases€of€ò òòòTata€v.ÏNicholsóóó ó,€òòsupraóó,€and€ò òòòYounger€v.€Reliance€Ins.€Co.óóó ó,€884€S.W.2dÏ453€(Tenn.€App.€1993).€€It€is€true€that€the€court€in€each€of€thoseÏcases€dealt€with€a€definition€of€"occupying"€substantially€similarÏto€the€definition€in€the€case€at€bar.€€ò òòòTataóóó ó€at€650€("in,€upon,Ïgetting€in,€on,€out€or€off"€in€one€policy€and€"in€or€upon€orÏentering€into€or€alighting€from"€in€the€other);€ò òòòYoungeróóó ó€at€455Ï("in,€upon,€getting€in,€on,€out€or€off").€€It€is€also€true€that€inÏeach€of€these€cases,€the€court€had€to€decide€whether€theÏindividual€hit€by€an€uninsured€motorist€was€"occupying"€theÍinsured€vehicle€at€the€time€of€the€accident;€but€that€is€where€theÏsignificant€similarities€end.€€In€the€ò òòòTataóóó ó€case,€the€Supreme€CourtÏwas€confronted€with€the€following€issue:ÌÌÓÓà àà8 à.€.€.€whether,€for€purposes€of€summaryÏjudgment,€the€plaintiff€was€òò"uponóó"€either€orÏboth€vehicles€at€the€time€of€his€injury,€andÏwas,€therefore,€an€"insured"€within€theÏmeaning€of€the€policies.ÌÌÌÌÓÓòòIdóó.€at€650.€€(Emphasis€Added).€€òòò òYoungeró óóó€likewise€examined€theÏconcept€of€"upon"€as€found€in€the€definition€of€ð ðoccupancyðð€inÏthat€case.€€òòò òYoungeró óóó,€884€S.W.2d€at€455.€€The€instant€case€doesÏnot€involve€the€concept€of€"upon"€as€examined€in€òòò òTataó óóó€andÏòòò òYoungeró óóó.€€This€is€clear€from€the€appellantððs€brief:ÌÌÓÓà àà8 àThis€case€involves€interpretation€of€anÏinsurance€contract€as€to€whether€Brown€wasÏòòð ðenteringððóó€and€therefore€ð ðoccupyingðð€theÏAnderson€vehicle€when€the€accident€occurred.ÌÌÌÌÓÓ(Emphasis€Added).€€Furthermore,€the€trial€court€focused€on€andÏdecided€this€case€on€the€concept€of€ð ðentering.ðð€€Thus,€it€is€clearÏthat€the€question€before€us€is€the€meaning€of€the€word€"entering"Ïand€not€the€meaning€of€the€word€"upon."€€As€òòò òTataó óóó€points€out,€sinceÏthe€definition€of€ð ðoccupyingðð€contains€a€number€of€words€that€areÍseparately€stated,€that€definition€presumptively€addressesÏdifferent€concepts:ÌÌÓÓà àà8 à.€.€.€unless€"upon"€should€be€considered€toÏhave€no€meaning,€it€includes€some€relationshipÏòòdifferent€fromóó€"in,"€"getting€in,"€"gettingÏon,"€"getting€out,"€and€"getting€off"€withinÏthe€meaning€of€the€Maryland€Casualty€policy,Ïand€"in,"€"entering€into"€and€"alighting€from"Ïin€the€Allstate€policy.ÌÌÌÌÓÓòòIdóó.€at€653.€€We€believe€ð ðenteringðð€is€a€different€concept€fromÏð ðuponðð€as€those€words€are€used€in€the€State€Farm€policy.€€OurÏfocus€is€on€the€concept€of€ð ðentering.ððÌÌà àà àWhile€the€analysis× ƒ3 ××  ×€utilized€by€the€òòò òTataó óóó€and€òòò òYoungeró óóóÏcourts€is€helpful€in€our€review€of€the€facts€in€the€instant€case,Ïwe€do€not€believe€that€either€case€is€controlling€on€us€as€weÍattempt€to€define€ð ðenteringðð€and€apply€that€concept€to€the€factsÏof€this€case.€€In€òòò òTataó óóó,€the€Supreme€Court€determined€that€"[t]heÏcomplete€meaning€of€the€term€'upon'€.€.€.€is€uncertain."€€òòIdóó.€atÏ651.€€It€concluded€that€the€word€ð ðuponðð€was€one€that€"require[d]Ïconstruction."€€òòIdóó.€€The€issue€before€us€is€whether€the€meaning€ofÏthe€word€"entering"€as€used€in€the€State€Farm€policy€is€likewiseÏuncertain.ÌÌà àà àWe€believe€the€word€"entering"€has€a€"common€andÏordinary€meaning,"€that€is€clear€and€unambiguous.€€The€wordÏ"enter,"€as€used€in€the€State€Farm€policy,€is€defined€inÏò òWebster's€Encyclopedic€Unabridged€Dictionary€of€theÏEnglish€Languageó ó,€476€(1989)€as€a€transitive€verb:ÌÌÓÓà àà8 à„„òòv.t.óó€5.€to€come€or€go€into:€.€.€.€6.€toÏpenetrate€or€pierce:€.€.€.€7.€to€put€in€orÏinsertÌÌÌÌÓÓAnother€dictionary€defines€the€word€"enter"€as€follows:ÌÌÓÓà àà8 à„„òòTransitiveóó:€€1.€to€come€or€go€into;€to€passÏinto€the€interior€of;€to€pass€within€the€outerÏcover€or€shell€of;€penetrate;€pierce;€as€toÏòòenteróó€a€house;€rivers€òòenteróó€the€sea.ÌÌÌÌÓÓò òWebster's€New€International€Dictionary,€2nd€ed.€Unabridgedó óÏ853€(1958).€€Several€courts€have€held€that€the€meaning€of€the€wordÏð ðenteringðð€is€clear€and€unambiguous.€€òòSeeóó€e.g.,€ò òòòMarcilionis€v.ÏFarmers€Insurance€Company€of€Oregonóóó ó,€318€Or.€640,€871€P.2dÏ470,€472€(Or.€1994);€ò òòòFloyd€v.€J.€C.€Penney€Casualty€InsuranceÏCompanyóóó ó,€193€Ga.€App.€350,€387€S.E.2d€625,€626€(Ga.€App.€1989);Ïò òòòCarter€v.€Travelers€Indemnity€Companyóóó ó,€146€So.2d€257,€259Ï(La.€App.€1962).ÌÌà àà àAs€far€as€we€can€ascertain,€this€is€the€first€time€thatÏa€Tennessee€appellate€court€has€been€asked€to€construe€and€applyÏthe€concept€of€ð ðenteringðð€as€found€in€the€definition€ofÏð ðoccupyingðð€in€the€uninsured€motorist€insurance€context.€€ThereÏare,€however,€cases€from€other€jurisdictions€that€have€examinedÏthis€particular€concept.ÌÌà àà àIn€òòò òMarcilionis€v.€Farmers€Insurance€Company€ofÏOregonó óóó,€òòsupraóó,€the€Supreme€Court€of€Oregon€construed€the€meaningÏof€the€word€"occupying"€in€the€context€of€Oregon's€uninsuredÏmotorist€statutes.€€One€provision€of€that€statutory€schemeÏrequired€that€such€coverage€be€afforded€to€an€individual€"in€orÏupon€or€entering€into€or€alighting€from"€a€vehicle.€€òòIdóó.€871€P.2dÍat€472.€The€court,€"[g]iving€the€words€used€in€the€statute€.€.€.Ïtheir€natural,€plain,€and€ordinary€meaning,"€òòidóó.,€concluded€thatÏan€individual€is€"entering€into"€an€insured€vehicleÌÌÓÓà àà8 àwhen€a€part€of€that€person€makes€physicalÏcontact€with€the€car€in€a€manner€that€in€theÏordinary€course€would€lead€directly€toÏentrance€or€penetration€into€the€car.ÌÌÌÌÓÓòòIdóó.€At€472„73.€€In€the€ò òòòMarcilionisóóó ó€case,€the€plaintiff€wasÏdriving€the€insured's€car.€€A€woman€entered€the€car€unexpectedly,Ïremoved€the€keys,€and€ran€from€the€car.€€The€plaintiff€left€theÏcar€and€gave€chase.€€The€woman€threw€the€keys.€€"[W]hile€in€theÏact€of€picking€up€the€keys,"€the€plaintiff€was€struck€by€anÏuninsured€motorist.€€òòIdóó.€At€471.€€The€Oregon€Supreme€CourtÏconcluded€that€the€plaintiff€was€not€"occupying"€the€vehicle€atÏthe€time€of€the€accident.ÌÌà àà àThe€same€definition€of€"occupying"€was€involved€in€theÏcase€of€ò òòòAllstate€Insurance€Company€v.€Hornóóó ó,€24€Ill.€App.€3dÏ583,€321€N.E.2d€285€(Ill.€App.€1974).€€In€that€case,€the€claimantÏwas€attempting€to€cross€six€lanes€of€traffic€to€reach€the€insuredÏvehicle€after€leaving€a€restaurant.€€He€was€struck€by€an€uninsuredÏcar€when€he€was€24€feet€from€the€insured€vehicle.€€The€court€inÍò òòòAllstate€Insurance€Companyóóó ó€concluded€that€there€was€noÏcoverage,€observingÌÌÓÓà àà8 à.€.€.€one€who€is€24€feet€from€a€vehicle€is€notÏ"entering€into"€it,€and€therefore€notÏ"occupying"€it,€within€the€meaning€of€theÏpolicy.ÌÌÌÌÓÓòòIdóó.€321€N.E.2d€at€291.ÌÌà àà àIn€òòò òCarter€v.€Travelers€Indemnity€Companyó óóó,€146€So.2dÏ257€(La.€App.€1962),€the€court€concluded€that€the€word€"entering"Ïas€used€in€a€policy€definition€of€"occupying"€was€"clear€andÏunambiguous."€€òòIdóó.€at€259.€€In€that€case,€the€plaintiff€had€openedÏthe€door€of€the€insured€car,€and€his€female€companion€had€enteredÏthe€car.€€The€plaintiff€also€intended€to€enter€the€vehicle;€but€heÏheard€the€squeal€of€brakes,€realized€that€an€oncoming€car€wasÏgoing€to€strike€the€insured€vehicle,€and€tried,€unsuccessfully,€toÏpull€his€companion€from€the€car€"in€order€that€they€might€reach€aÏplace€of€safety."€€òòIdóó.€at€258.€€A€collision€ensued€and€theÏplaintiff€was€injured.€€The€court€in€òòò òCarteró óóó€concluded€that€theÏpolicy€afforded€coverage€to€the€plaintiff€because€he€was€"enteringÏinto"€the€vehicle€and€hence€"occupying"€it€under€the€language€ofÏthe€policy.€€The€court€referred€to€the€dictionary€and€held€thatÍ"entering"€was€"an€affirmative€act€or€movement€to€effect€anÏentrance."€€òòIdóó.€at€259.€€The€court€rejected€the€insurer's€argumentÏthat€the€plaintiff€"had€abandoned€his€intention€of€entering€theÏvehicle."€€òòIdóó.€€The€court€opined:ÌÌÓÓà àà8 àThis€contention,€in€view€of€the€preponderanceÏof€the€testimony€from€which€we€have€quoted,€isÏnot€sustained.€€The€conclusion€is€inescapableÏthat€[the€plaintiff]€was€entering€theÏautomobile€at€the€time€of€the€collision;€thatÏthere€had€been€no€abandonment€of€either€hisÏintention€or€effort€to€do€so.ÌÌÌÌÓÓòòIdóó.€at€259.ÌÌà àà àIn€òòò òMcCaslin€v.€Hartford€Accident€&€Indemnityó óóó,€182ÏMich.€App.€419,€452€N.W.2d€834€(Mich.€App.€1990),€the€plaintiffÏstopped€at€a€self„service€gasoline€station.€€After€he€went€insideÏand€paid€for€his€gas,€he€returned€outside€to€get€in€his€vehicle.€ÏAs€he€was€walking€between€the€rear€of€his€truck€and€the€front€of€aÏcar€that€had€pulled€up€behind€his€vehicle,€he€was€pinned€betweenÏthe€bumpers€when€the€other€car€lurched€forward.€€The€court€foundÏthat€the€plaintiff€was€not€entitled€to€benefits€under€a€statuteÏallowing€a€recovery€to€one€"entering€into"€the€vehicle.€€The€courtÏopined€as€follows:ÌÌÓÓà àà8 àIn€this€case,€plaintiff€had€not€crossed€theÏplane€or€threshold€of€the€truck's€door,€norÏhad€he€even€made€physical€contact€with€theÏtruck's€door€when€the€accident€occurred.€ÏGiven€the€plain€meaning€of€[the€statute],Ïplaintiff€is€not€a€person€entitled€to€benefitsÏunder€the€no„fault€act€as€a€person€"enteringÏinto"€a€parked€vehicle.ÌÌÌÌÓÓòòIdóó.€at€835.ÌÌà àà àLanguage€similar€to€that€in€the€instant€case€has€beenÏconstrued€in€still€other€cases.€€òòò òFloyd€v.€J.€C.€PenneyÏCasualty€Insurance€Companyó óóó,€193€Ga.€App.€350,€387€S.E.2d€625Ï(Ga.€App.€1989)€("in€or€upon€a€motor€vehicle€or€engaged€in€theÏimmediate€act€of€entering€into€or€alighting€from€the€motorÏvehicle");€ò òòòTestone€v.€Allstate€Insurance€Companyóóó ó,€165€Conn.Ï126,€328€A.2d€686€(Conn.€1973)€("in€or€upon€or€entering€into€orÏalighting€from").€€In€ò òòòFloydóóó ó,€the€court€held€that€the€plaintiff€wasÏnot€"engaged€in€the€immediate€act€of€entering€into"€the€vehicleÏwhen€she€fell€approaching€the€vehicle,€some€eight€feet€away€fromÏit.€€òòIdóó.€387€S.E.2d€at€627.€€In€ò òòòTestoneóóó ó,€the€Supreme€Court€ofÏConnecticut€held€that€plaintiff€who€was€"immediately€adjacent,"Ïòòidóó.€328€A.2d€at€688,€to€the€vehicle€intending€to€enter€it€when€heÏwas€struck,€was€not€entering€the€vehicle€and€hence€not€entitled€toÍbenefits€under€the€policy€of€insurance€providing€coverage€for€oneÏ"entering€into"€the€vehicle.€€òòIdóó.€at€691.€€That€court€held€thatÏthe€"act€of€approaching€[was]€not€the€equivalent€of€the€act€ofÏentering."€€òòIdóó.€€As€in€the€instant€case,€the€plaintiff€in€òòò òTestoneó óóóÏwas€"two€to€three€feet€from€the€vehicle€when€it€was€struck."€€òòIdóó.ÌÌà@ àIIIÌÌà àà àWhen€Brown's€status€vis„a„vis€Anderson's€vehicle€isÏanalyzed€in€the€context€of€the€clear€meaning€of€the€wordÏ"entering,"€we€do€not€believe€that€she€can€be€said€to€have€beenÏ"entering"€the€vehicle€at€the€time€of€the€accident.€€The€followingÏtestimony€by€Brown€is€particularly€telling:ÌÌÓÓà àà8 àQ.€€Were€you€entering€the€vehicle€when€theÏaccident€occurred?ÌÌà àà8 àA.€€I€was€going€to€enter€it.€€Yes,€I€was€goingÏto€get€in€that€car.ÌÌà@ à*€€€€*€€€€*ÌÌà àà8 àQ.€€And€what€were€you€doing€when€the€accidentÏoccurred?ÌÌà àà8 àA.€€I€was€by€the€car€going€to€get€into€theÏcar.ÌÌà àà8 àQ.€€All€right.€€Thank€you.ÌÌà àà8 àA.€€That€was€what€I€was€going€to€do.ÌÌà àà8 àQ.€€All€right.€€That's€fine.ÌÌà àà8 àA.€€I€hadn't€got€there€yet,€but€I€was€going€toÏdo€that.ÌÌÌÌÓÓBrown€told€the€State€Farm€adjustor,€ð ðI€didnððt€have€my€hands€on€theÏcar€no.ððÌÌà àà àAs€other€cases€have€pointed€out,€there€is€a€differenceÏbetween€intending€to€enter€a€vehicle€and€actually€entering€it.€ÏWhen€Brown€and€Anderson€went€inside€the€VFW,€they€clearly€lostÏtheir€connection€with€Anderson's€vehicle.€€Was€that€connection€re„established€prior€to€the€accident?€€We€think€not.€€We€do€notÏbelieve€that€walking€toward€a€vehicle€can€be€construed€asÏ"entering"€it.€€We€believe€that€the€word€"entering"€requires€moreÏthan€an€intent€to€enter.€€In€the€words€of€the€court€in€òòò òCarteró óóó,Ïthere€was€no€ð ðaffirmative€act€or€movement€to€effect€an€entrance.ðð€Ï146€So.2d€at€259.€€Here,€there€was€admittedly€no€contact€by€BrownÏwith€any€part€of€the€car€at€the€time€of€the€accident.€€In€fact,€atÏthe€time€of€the€accident,€both€Brownððs€and€Anderson's€attentionÏhad€been€diverted€from€the€car€and€toward€the€two€men€who€hadÏengaged€them€in€conversation.ÌÌà àà àWe€believe€our€holding€is€consistent€with€the€statutoryÏmandate€that€uninsured€motorist€coverage€must€extend€to€ð ðpersonsÏlegally€entitled€to€recover€damages€from€an€uninsured€motorist,€ifÏthe€damages€arise€ððout€of€the€ownership,€maintenance,€or€useðð€ofÏthe€insured€car.ðð€€òòò òTataó óóó€848€S.W.2d€at€654€(quoting€from€T.C.A.€ððÏ56„7„1201(a)).€€Brownððs€relationship€with€the€Anderson€vehicle€atÏthe€time€of€the€accident€was€not€such€as€to€bring€into€play€ð ðtheÏownership,€maintenance,€or€useðð€of€that€car.ÌÌà àà àWe€cannot€say€that€the€evidence€preponderates€againstÏthe€trial€courtððs€judgment€that€Brown€was€not€ð ðenteringðð€theÏAnderson€vehicle€at€the€time€of€the€accident.ÌÌà àà àThe€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed.€€This€causeÏis€remanded€to€the€trial€court€for€the€collection€of€costsÏassessed€there,€pursuant€to€applicable€law.€€Costs€on€appeal€areÏtaxed€and€assessed€to€the€appellant€and€its€surety.ÌÌÓÓÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà à_________________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àCharles€D.€Susano,€Jr.,€J.ÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌ___________________________ÌHouston€M.€Goddard,€P.J.ÌÌÌÌ______________________________ÌDon€T.€McMurray