ÿWPC, …# VU>a %Ÿ 0(¥4Íáðw@ø 0L8 0J„ 0TÎ 0^" 0h€ 0rè 0|Z 0†Ö 0\ 1uì U,a 0d U,ñ U6B)SDC| 0N¿ B  AM*U*w"¡v~à D3AvÓt 0@G AO‡ÆÖ 0Dœ D/à B˜HP LaserJet 4Si/4SiMX PS 600dpiPSCRIPTÀÌÀääÀÀÌ0 <èÀ( 9Z &Courier RegularX($¡¡DÒ x°°3|x‰  w Ex y Ez { E| D} ~ D Ó€‰ > ÿÿ$Small Circleððà0 à2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)< Œ 9p`(ModernP ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(Monaco< Œ 9p`(Courier New% Line 7 d""""7Border 1dd>‡¦$"Small Circleð"ðà0  à d€-#Cþÿ << Gÿÿ< Œ 9p`(Arial Ý ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€!ÔÝ  ÝÔ€'ÔÔ€'ÔÓ  Óò òÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€'XÔÌÌJune€26,€1996ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔ  Ôó óPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHØ(d'`%%%%'ÿÿdxdStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑMonacoÑÑ ÑÒ  BA Op Monaco ÒÒ  BA Op Monaco Ò("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÓ&€  X„d&ÓÑ#€  Xd#ÑÔ€!ÔÝ  ÝÓ ` Ü‚Xœ ’X ÓÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ7€ngXdÈdÈ7ÑÑ  Ñ›MARGARET€DANMOLE,à à)Ìà àà à)ÌÓ#` Ü‚Xœôx‘X#Óà àPlaintiff/Appellee,à à)à àAppeal€No.Ìà àà à)à à01„A„01„9512„CV„00565Ìv.à àà à)Ìà àà à)à àDavidson€CircuitÌÙ€€ÙœßL€&(#;+'h|Fv` ç `€€Lß›CHARLES€L.€WRIGHT,à à)à àNo.€91C„501Ìà àà à)Ìà àDefendant/Appellant.à à)ÌÌÌÌÓ  ÓÔ€!¼ÔCOURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌMIDDLE€SECTION€AT€NASHVILLEÌÌÌAPPEAL€FROM€THE€CIRCUIT€COURT€FOR€DAVIDSON€COUNTYÌÌAT€NASHVILLE,€TENNESSEEÌÌÌTHE€HONORABLE€HAMILTON€V.€GAYDEN,€JR.,€JUDGEÌÓ ` Ü‚XœÈ“X ÓÌÌÓ  ÓÌÌÔ€!XÔNEWTON€S.€HOLIDAY,€IIIÌPetway,€Blackshear€&€CainÌ208€Third€Avenue€NorthÌFifth€FloorÌNashville,€Tennessee€€37201Ìà àATTORNEY€FOR€PLAINTIFF/APPELLEEÌÌÌÌALAN€M.€SOWELLÌGracey,€Ruth,€Howard,€Tate€&€SowellÌ150€Second€Avenue€NorthÌSuite€201ÌNashville,€Tennessee€€37201Ìà àATTORNEY€FOR€DEFENDANT/APPELLANTÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÓ  ÓAFFIRMED€AND€REMANDEDÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÓ  ÓÔ€!¼ÔSAMUEL€L.€LEWIS,€JUDGEÌÓ  ÓÓÓòòÔ€!°ÔOÔ€!¼Ô€P€I€N€I€O€NÌÓ  ÓÓ#` Ü` ä œÈ“X#ÓóóÔ€!XÔà àDefendant,€Charles€L.€Wright,€has€appealed€from€theÏjudgment€of€the€trial€court€entered€on€the€jury's€verdict€forÏplaintiff,€Margaret€Danmole.€€The€jury€awarded€plaintiffÏ$17,000.00€for€her€injuries€and€damages€sustained€as€the€result€ofÏan€automobile€accident.ÌÌà àPlaintiff€was€injured€when€an€automobile€she€was€operatingÏcollided€with€defendant's€automobile€at€the€intersection€ofÏHarding€Place€and€General€Lowery€Drive€in€Davidson€County.€ÏPlaintiff€was€traveling€east€on€Harding€Place,€and€defendant€wasÏattempting€to€make€a€left€turn€onto€Harding€Place.€€The€partiesÏagree€that€there€was€no€traffic€approaching€from€the€west€and€thatÏthere€was€no€traffic€in€the€center€lane€when€the€accidentÏoccurred.€€ÌÌà àPlaintiff€claimed€defendant's€vehicle€was€rocking€back€andÍforth€into€the€eastbound€lane€of€Harding€Place.€€She€testifiedÏthat€within€a€matter€of€seconds€she€observed€defendant'sÏautomobile€blocking€half€of€the€eastbound€lane.€€As€she€approachedÏthe€intersection,€she€applied€her€brakes€in€an€attempt€to€avoid€aÏcollision.€€She€then€attempted€to€turn€into€the€center€lane,€butÏwas€unable€to€do€so€before€the€automobiles€collided.€€PlaintiffÏalso€contended€that€she€was€not€speeding.ÌÌà àDefendant€testified€that€a€tree€obstructed€his€view€ofÏoncoming€traffic.€€Because€of€this,€he€claimed€it€was€necessaryÏfor€him€to€pull€out€into€the€eastbound€lane€in€order€to€see.€ÏDefendant€also€admitted€that€he€was€not€wearing€his€correctiveÏœlenses.›€€ÌÌà àMelanie€Goad,€a€passenger€in€plaintiff's€vehicle,€testifiedÏthat€it€was€apparent€that€plaintiff€thought€defendant€was€going€toÏpull€out€into€the€intersection.€€She€also€testified€thatÏdefendant's€automobile€was€several€feet€into€plaintiff's€lane€ofÏtravel.ÌÌà àThe€officer€œwho€investigated›€the€accident€testified€thatÏhis€investigation€œrevealed›€œthat€plaintiff's›€œvehicle›€œleft›€fifty„four€feet€of€skid€œmarks.€€He›€further€testified€that,€based€on€hisÏtraining€and€the€evidence€at€the€scene,€plaintiff's€minimum€speedÏwas€thirty„five€miles€per€hour.€€The€speed€limit€at€Harding€PlaceÏwas€forty€miles€per€hour.€€The€investigating€officer€also€placedÍthe€point€of€impact€several€feet€into€the€plaintiff's€lane€ofÏtravel.Ìà àÌà àThe€issue€in€this€appeal€resulted€from€the€fact€that€bothÏDr.€E.€Dewey€Thomas,€an€orthopaedic€surgeon,€and€Dr.€Joel€Buckner,Ïa€chiropractor,€treated€plaintiff.€€Specifically,€defendantÏclaimed€the€trial€court€erred€when€it€dismissed€certain€jurors€forÏcause€because€they€stated€that€they€would€not€be€able€to€hear€theÏtestimony€of€both€doctors€and€to€give€due€deference€to€theirÏtestimony.€€That€is,€the€trial€judge€dismissed€each€of€theÏperspective€jurors€after€they€had€testified,€in€effect,€that€theyÏwould€give€more€weight€to€the€testimony€of€the€orthopaedicÏœsurgeon.€Defendant›€argued€the€trial€court€erred€by€striking€œthe›Ïjurors€for€cause€and€questioned€the€trial€court's€common€lawÏauthority€to€challenge€a€perspective€juror€for€cause€where€theÏjuror€has€exhibited€a€"bias"€and€an€inability€to€set€aside€thoseÏbiases€and€to€render€a€fair€and€impartial€verdict.ÌÌà àDuring€voir€dire,€the€trial€judge€questioned€the€panel,€inÏpertinent€part,€as€follows:ÌÓ#` Ü` ‚„œ ’X#ÓÓÓà8 àTHE€COURT:€€Those€of€you€who€have€been€under€theÏcare€of€a€chiropractor,€do€you€have€an€opinionÏnegative€to€a€chiropractor?€€Please€raise€yourÏhand,€if€you€do.€€Do€you€feel€like€a€chiropractorÏis€not€a€competent€profession,€in€general?€€Okay.ÌÌà8 àThose€of€you€who€have€never€been€to€a€chiropractor,Ïdo€you€have€a€predisposition€to€believe€a€medicalÏphysician,€an€orthopedist,€is€more€competent,€forÏexample,€than€a€chiropractor?€€Please€raise€yourÏhand.ÌÌà8 àOkay.€€I'll€have€to€start€with€you,€Mr.€Hoffman.ÌÌà8 àMR.€HOFFMAN:€€Yeah,€I€don't€have€„„€mean,Ïeverything€I've€kind€of€picked€up.€€I€probablyÏdon't€think€very€much€of€chiropractors€as€healthÏpractitioners.à8 àà8 àÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€€Ms.€Daniels?ÌÌà8 àMS.€DANIELS:€€A€friend€of€mine€had€his€ribs€brokenÏby€a€chiropractor,€so€I€don't€have€much€use€forÏthem.ÌÌà8 àTHE€COURT:€€Mr.€Hudson.ÌÌà8 àMR.€HUDSON:€€A€friend€of€mine€hurt€his€back.€€AndÏgoing€back€and€forth€to€the€chiropractor,€and€hisÏagony€in€talking€about€it,€I€don't€think€I€wouldÏever€want€to€go€to€one.ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€€Okay.€€Ms.€Morris?ÌÌà8 àMS.€MORRIS:€€I€work€for€an€internal€medicineÏphysician,€and€I€just€„„ÌÌà8 àTHE€COURT:€€And€you're€prejudiced€againstÏchiropractors?ÌÌà8 àMS.€MORRIS:€€I€would€prefer€to€go€to€a€doctorÏbefore€I'd€go€to€a€chiropractor.ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€€Mr.€Caul?ÌÌà8 àMR.€CAUL:€€I€wouldn't€go€to€one.€€I€would€go€to€anÏorthopedist,€rather€than€a€chiropractor,€on€theÏbasis€of€training.ÌÌà8 àTHE€COURT:€€Speak€up,€please.€€I€didn't€get€that.Ìà8 àÌà8 àMR.€CAUL:€€I€would€go€to€an€orthopedist,€ratherÏthan€a€chiropractor,€based€on€their€generalÏtraining€and€background€as€I€understand€it.ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€€Mr.€Granbery?ÌÌà8 àMR.€GRANBERY:€€I€would€have€those€same€sentiments.€ÏI€think€a€medical€doctor€has€a€little€better€trackÏrecord.€€They've€been€around€a€little€longer.ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€€How€about€you,€Mr.€Burch?ÌÌà8 àMR.€BURCH:€€I€would€agree€with€that,€in€that€I'veÏseen€a€news€report€about€abuse€in€chiropracticÏinvolving€car€accidents.ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€€Ms.€Goree?ÌÌà8 àMS.€GOREE:€€Pretty€much€I€think€what€they'reÏsaying.€€I€think€there€is€times€when€they€areÏhelpful;€but€I€think€I€have€concerns€where€theyÏtake€on€things€where€you€should€see€an€orthopedist.ÌÌà8 àTHE€COURT:€€Is€there€a€chiropractor€in€this€€case?ÌÌà àMR.€SOWELL:€€Yes,€but€there's€no€deposition.ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€€Is€there€proof?ÌÌà8 àMR.€HOLIDAY:€€Yes,€Your€Honor,€he's€going€toÏtestify.ÌÌà8 àTHE€COURT:€€I€need€to€ask€you:€€One€of€the€liveÏwitnesses€is€a€chiropractor,€and€I€want€you€toÏsearch€your€soul€and€see€if€you€believe€you€cannotÏlisten€to€his€testimony,€or€consider€what€expertÏtestimony€he'll€produce€to€you,€and€maybe€you€willÏchange€your€opinion.€€In€other€words,€do€you€haveÏclosed€minds€about€chiropractors?€€If€you€do,Ïplease€raise€your€hand.ÌÌà àMr.€Hoffman?€€Ms.€Reed?ÌÌà8 àMS.€REED:€€I€would€just€like€to€comment.€€I€saidÏI'd€been€under€the€care€of€a€chiropractor,€becauseÏof€the€way€you€stated€the€question.€€I€went€to€oneÏonce,€and€all€my€other€appointments€were€with€anÏorthopedist.ÌÌà8 àTHE€COURT:€€My€question€is:€€Do€you€have€aÏpredisposition€against€chiropractors€to€the€extentÏyou€would€give€his€or€her€evidence€more€or€equalÏcredibility€than€you€would€an€orthopedist?€€CouldÏyou€keep€an€open€mind?ò òÌÌà àó óMS.€REED:€€Yes.ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€€Mr.€Hoffman?ÌÌà8 àMR.€HOFFMAN:€€I€think€I€would€have€to€say€I€wouldÏtake€the€word€of€a€medical€doctor,€orthopedist,Ïover€a€chiropractor.€€Just€from€my€experience,€IÍdon't€think€I€would€be€able€to€give€him€equalÏweight.ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€€I€appreciate€your€honesty.ÌÌà àDoes€anyone€else€feel€like€Mr.€Hoffman?ÌÌà8 àMR.€FRANKS:€€I'm€a€physician.€€I€believe€inÏmedicine€to€be€able€to€help€people.€€But€the€systemÏis€not€reasonable€to€me,€and€I€couldn't€accept€thatÏtestimony€as€equal€to€that€of€a€physician.ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€€What€is€your€specialty?ÌÌà àMR.€FRANKS:€€I'm€an€anesthesiologist.ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€€Ms.€Goree?ÌÌà8 àMS.€GOREE:€€I'm€afraid€I€feel€that€way,€too.€€IÏgrew€up€in€Louisiana,€and€when€I€was€growing€up,Ïchiropractors€were€not€even€equal€in€the€state€ofÏLouisiana.€€I€know€I€come€in€with€a€biased€opinionÏand€would€prejudge€based€on€what€I've€observed.ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€€Yes,€ma'am.ÌÌà8 àMS.€GOREE:€€If€they're€both€here,€the€orthopaedicÏand€the€chiropractor,€I€would€take€the€orthopaedicÏover€the€chiropractor.€€If€the€chiropractor€is€theÏonly€one,€I€would€take€his€word€for€it.ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€€There€is€orthopaedic€testimony.ÌÌà àMr.€Hoffman,€Ms.€Daniels€„„ÌÌà8 àMR.€SOWELL:€€Your€Honor,€if€you're€fixing€to€excuseÏthem,€I€would€object.€€I€don't€think€that's€groundsÏfor€cause.€€I€think€there€can€be€a€challenge€fromÏPlaintiff's€counsel;€but€I€think€it€would€beÏimproper€to€excuse€them.ÌÌà8 àTHE€COURT:€€I'll€note€your€objection.€€I'll€excuseÏMr.€Hoffman,€Ms.€Daniels,€Ms.€Goree,€and€Dr.€FranksÏas€to€cause.ÌÌà àYes€sir,€Mr.€Caul?ÌÌà8 àMR.€CAUL:€€I€would€have€difficulty€dealing€with€theÏevidence€from€the€chiropractor€in€the€absence€ofÏother€evidence€offered€by€an€orthopedist.ÌÌà8 àTHE€COURT:€€In€this€case,€though,€there€is€evidenceÏfrom€both€professions.€€It€would€be€up€to€you€toÏweigh€the€evidence.€€Do€you€think€you€can€do€thatÏfairly?ÌÌà àMR.€CAUL:€€I€think€I€can€do€that,€yes.ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€€Ms.€Morris?ÌÌà8 àMS.€MORRIS:€€I€would€be€biased.€€I€would€listen€toÏthe€orthopedist€more€so€than€the€chiropractor.ÌÌà8 àTHE€COURT:€€The€question€is:€€Do€you€have€an€openÏmind?€€Do€you€have€a€predisposition€that€wouldÏprevent€you€from€being€fair?ÌÌà8 àMS.€MORRIS:€€I€would€be€more€in€favor€of€theÏphysician€than€the€chiropractor.ÌÌò òà8 àó óTHE€COURT:€€I'm€going€to€release€you€to€go€down€toÏthe€second€floor.ÌÌà8 àMR.€SOWELL:€€I€want€you€to€note€my€objection.Ìò òÌà8 àó óTHE€COURT:€€Anyone€else€that€feels€like€youÏcouldn't€be€fair€in€listening€to€the€proof€in€thisÏcase€and€decide?€€That€doesn't€mean€you€have€toÏdecide€in€favor€of€the€chiropractor€or€theÏorthopedist;€but€at€least€have€an€open€mind€and€notÏa€shut€mind.Ìò òÌà àó óà8 àÌÌÓÓà àThe€trial€judge€has€"wide€discretion€in€passing€upon€theÏqualification€of€jurors€in€both€civil€and€criminal€cases."€€ò òòòVinesÏv.€Stateó óóó,€190€Tenn.€644,€648,€231€S.W.2d€332,€334€(1950).€€AbsentÏa€clear€showing€of€abuse€of€discretion,€the€trial€judge'sÏdetermination€of€the€jurors'€qualifications€is€not€subject€toÏreview.€€ò òòòLindsey€v.€Stateó óóó,€189€Tenn.€355,€367,€225€S.W.2d€533,Ï538€(1949).ÌÌà àThe€ultimate€goal€of€voir€dire€is€to€determine€whether€theÍjurors€are€competent,€unbiased,€and€impartial.€€The€scope€andÏextent€of€voir€dire€rests€within€the€discretion€of€the€trialÏcourt.€€ò òòòState€v.€Harrisó óóó,€839€S.W.2d€54,€65€(Tenn.€1992),€òòò òcert.Ïdeniedó óóó,€113€S.€Ct.€1368,€122€L.€Ed.€2d€1368€(1993).€€Even€if€theÏcourt€errs€by€excluding€a€juror€for€cause,€the€error€is€harmlessÏunless€the€jury€who€ultimately€hears€the€case€is€not€fair€andÏimpartial.€€ò òòòState€v.€Simonó óóó,€635€S.W.2d€498,€508„11€(Tenn.),òòò òÏcert.€deniedó óóó,€459€U.S.€1055,€103€S.€Ct.€473,€74€L.€Ed.€2d€621Ï(1982).ÌÌà à"It€is€axiomatic€that€a€party€is€entitled€to€a€juryÏcomposed€of€persons€free€from€bias€or€prejudice."€€ò òòòCarney€v.ÏCoca„Cola€Bottling€Worksó óóó,€856€S.W.2d€147,€149€(Tenn.€1993).€Ï"'The€right€to€challenge€is€a€right€to€reject,€not€to€select€aÏjury.'"€€ò òòòEstep€v.€Stateó óóó,€193€Tenn.€222,€226,€245€S.W.2d€623,€625Ï(1951)(quoting€ò òòòWooten€v.€Stateó óóó,€99€Tenn.€189,€199,€41€S.W.€813,Ï815€(1897)).€€Parties€to€a€law€suit€have€a€right€to€an€impartialÏjury,€but€they€have€no€vested€right€to€any€particular€juror.€Ïò òòòGraham€v.€United€Statesó óóó,€257€F.2d€724,€729€(6th€Cir.€1958).€ÏThe€trial€judge€has€the€power€and€it€is€his€duty€to€discharge€anyÏjuror€who,€for€any€reason,€cannot€or€will€not€be€an€unbiasedÏjuror.€€ò òòòWalden€v.€Stateó óóó,€542€S.W.2d€635,€637€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.Ï1976).€€A€juror€must€be€free€of€even€a€reasonable€suspicion€ofÏbias€or€prejudice€to€meet€the€requirement€of€impartiality.€€ò òòòStateÏv.€Penderó óóó,€687€S.W.2d€714,€718€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1984).€€ÌÌà àIn€the€instant€case,€we€find€no€evidence€of€abuse€ofÏdiscretion€on€the€part€of€the€trial€court.€€Moreover,€there€is€notÏeven€a€scintilla€of€evidence€in€this€record€that€the€jury€whichÏtried€this€case€was€anything€other€than€fair€and€impartial.ÌÌà àTherefore,€it€results€that€the€judgment€of€the€trial€courtÏis€affirmed,€and€the€cause€is€remanded€to€the€trial€court€forÏfurther€necessary€proceedings.€€Costs€on€appeal€are€taxed€to€theÏdefendant/appellant,€Charles€L.€Wright.ÌÌÌÓÓà àà àà à__________________________________Ìà àà àà àSAMUEL€L.€LEWIS,€J.ÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ_________________________________ÌHENRY€F.€TODD,€P.J.,€M.S.€ÌÌÌÌ_________________________________ÌBEN€H.€CANTRELL,€J.ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌ