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òÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|1#ÔÔ‡0¼3»î0î?ÁÔÔ_ÔDICKSONÔ_Ô€COUNTY,€TENNESSEEòòóó€v.€H.€CLYDE€JENNETTE,€òòet€alóó.Ô#†0î?Áî»0¼3w#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔó óÐ úJ ÐÌà@@L L ìàò òAppeal€from€the€Circuit€Court€for€Dickson€CountyÐ ú J Ðà@@ä ä ìàNo.€CV€347€€€€€Allen€Wallace,€Judge€Ð æ 6 ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<©` AßÐ ªú  ÐÌà@@ð ð ìàNo.€M1999„00054„COA„R3„CV€„€Filed€August€9,€2000ó óÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔò òÐ ¥õ  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<|` AßÐ }Í  Ðó óÌò òó óÓ  ÓThis€case€involves€the€use€of€certain€property€in€Dickson€County€in€light€of€a€1988€zoning€ordinanceÐ xÈ  Ðwhich€provides€that€mining€and€quarrying€on€this€property€are€permitted€as€a€special€exception€only.€Ð d´ ÐWhen€the€county€attempted€to€enjoin€the€property€owners€from€mining€or€quarrying€their€property,Ð P  Ðthe€property€owners€argued€that€their€property€was€being€used€as€a€quarrying€operation€prior€toÐ <Œ ÐOctober€1988€when€the€city€passed€the€zoning€ordinance.€€Thus,€it€is€the€property€ownersðð€positionÐ (x Ðthat€their€quarrying€operation€constitutes€a€pre-existing€nonconforming€use€and€may€continueÐ d Ðpursuant€to€both€the€Dickson€County€zoning€ordinance€and€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€sectionÐ P Ð13-7-208(b).€€In€addition,€the€county€enjoined€the€property€owners€from€hauling€rock€in€violation€ofÐ ì< Ða€fifteen-ton€weight€limit€on€local€roads.€€The€property€owners€argued€below€that€the€enforcementÐ Ø( Ðof€this€local€rule€against€them€constitutes€selective€enforcement.€€The€trial€court€found€that€theÐ Ä Ðproperty€owners€had€failed€to€show€a€nonconforming€use,€and€it€dismissed€their€claim€for€selectiveÐ ° Ðenforcement.€€On€appeal,€we€find€that€the€trial€court€was€correct€in€its€conclusion€that€the€propertyÐ œì Ðownersðð€operation€was€not€a€nonconforming€use€at€the€time€of€the€adoption€of€the€zoning€ordinance.€Ð ˆØ ÐIn€light€of€that€finding,€the€temporary€injunction€regarding€the€fifteen„ton€weight€limit€is€dissolved,Ð tÄ Ðand€the€selective€enforcement€issue€does€not€need€to€be€addressed.Ð `° ÐÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|Ë#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔÌò òÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|l #ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔÓ  ÓTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Circuit€CourtÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|² #ÔÔ‡0¼3»î0î?ÁÔÐ 8!ˆ  ÐÔ#†0î?Áî»0¼3D #ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔAffirmed€and€RemandedÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|› #ÔÔ‡0¼3»î0î?ÁÔÐ $"t! Ðó óÔ#†0î?Áî»0¼3ò #ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔòòÌÓ  ÓCainÔ#†0î?Áîà0Xa|L#ÔÔ‡0Xa|XX0î?ÁÔ,óó€J.,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòKòòOCHóó,óó€and€òòóóCòòOTTRELLóó,€JJ.,€joined.Ð ü#L# ÐÌDon€L.€Smith,€Jefferson€C.€Orr€and€Kenneth€S.€Schrupp,€Nashville,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellants,Ð Ô%$!% ÐH.€Clyde€Jennette,€Rachel€E.€Jennette,€and€Jenco€Construction,€Inc.Ð À&"& ÐÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|¢#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔÌGeorge€A.€Dean,€Nashville,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellee,€Dickson€County,€Tennessee.Ð ˜(è#( ÐÌÌÓ€ÓÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|5#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔÌÐ ¾,(-ý' ЇÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|ó#Ôò òÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔÓ  ÓOPINIONà @` àÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|S#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔó óÐ ° Ðò òÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|´#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔÌÔ_ÔI.Ô_Ô€€FACTSÐ tÄ ÐÌÓ  ÓÓ€Óà  àó óClyde€and€Rachel€Jennette,€husband€and€wife,€are€the€Ô#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔmajority€shareholders€of€JencoÐ 8 ˆ ÐConstruction,€Inc.€€The€Jennettes€and€Jenco,€all€Appellants€here,€are€the€owners€of€217€acres€inÐ $ t  ÐDickson€County,€the€use€of€which€is€at€the€heart€of€this€case.€€Appellee€is€Dickson€County,Ð  `  ÐTennessee.€€Ô#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|õ#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔLitigation€between€these€parties€began€on€March€8,€1994,€when€Dickson€County€soughtÐ ü L  Ða€restraining€order€against€Appellants€to€enjoin€them€from€performing€surface€or€sub-surface€miningÐ è 8  Ðor€quarrying€of€natural€resources€from€their€property,€from€hauling€or€moving€rock€from€theirÐ Ô$  Ðproperty€in€trucks€with€loads€that€violate€the€fifteen-ton€weight€limit€posted€for€local€roads€and€fromÐ À  Ðremoving€rock€from€the€property€to€any€other€property.€Ð ¬ü  ÐÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|[#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔÌà  àIn€its€March€1994€petition€for€a€restraining€order,€Ô#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|·#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔDickson€County€alleged€Ô#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|:#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔthat€AppellantsððÐ „Ô  Ðuse€of€their€land€is€in€violation€of€a€zoning€resolution€which€had€been€passed€on€October€27,€1988.€Ð pÀ ÐUnder€this€zoning€resolution,€Appellantsðð€property€is€classified€as€an€A-1€Agricultural€District.€€InÐ \¬ Ðsuch€a€district,€ð ð[Ô_Ôt]heÔ_Ô€surface€and€subsurface€mining€or€quarrying€of€natural€mineral€resourcesðð€isÐ H˜ Ðonly€permitted€as€a€special€exception€after€review€and€approval€by€the€Board€of€Zoning€Appeals.€Ð 4„ ÐZoning€Resolution,€Dickson€County,€October€27,€1988,€ðð€5.041(C)(3).€€The€resolution€also€providesÐ  p Ðthat€ð ð[Ô_Ôl]awfulÔ_Ô€nonconforming€uses€.€.€.€existing€at€the€time€of€the€passage€of€this€resolution€.€.€.€shallÐ  \ Ðbe€allowed€to€remain.ðð€€Ô#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|“#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔðð€6.020.€€Moreover,€by€Tennessee€statute,€ð ðany€industrial,€commercial€orÐ øH Ðbusiness€establishment€in€operationðð€at€the€time€of€a€zoning€change€shall€be€permitted€to€continue.€Ð ä4 ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€13-7-208(b)€(1999).€€The€main€issue€before€this€court€is€whether€Appellantsðð€useÐ Ð  Ðof€their€land€prior€to€October€1988€constitutes€a€lawful€nonconforming€use€and€an€ð ðindustrial,Ð ¼  Ðcommercial€or€business€establishment€in€operationðð€as€a€quarry€business€such€that€Appellants€mayÐ ¨ø Ðcontinue€that€use€despite€the€zoning€change.€Ð ”ä ÐÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|<#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔÌÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa| #ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔà  àAppellants€purchased€the€Dickson€County€property€at€issue€in€1984,€four€years€prior€to€theÐ l¼ Ðpassage€of€the€1988€zoning€resolution.Ô#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|M#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔ€€At€trial,€evidence€was€presented€regarding€Appellantsðð€useÐ X ¨  Ðof€this€property€both€before€and€after€October€of€1988.€€Appellant€Clyde€Jennette€stated€that€he€firstÐ D!”! Ðbegan€to€consider€building€a€quarry€in€1985€or€1986.€€In€July€of€1987,€Appellants€entered€anÐ 0"€" Ðoption-to-lease€agreement€granting€to€a€quarrying€operation€called€Rogers€Group€the€right€toÐ #l# Ðð ðexplore€and€core€drill€upon,€and€to€remove€samples€of€stone,€rock,€soil,€sand€and/or€gravel€from€theÐ $X$ Ðproperty,€along€with€the€right€to€use€any€equipment€necessary€for€such€purposes.ðð€€Ð ô$D % ÐÌà  àThe€option-to-lease€agreement€provided€that€Appellants€would€not€themselves€operate€orÐ Ì&"' Ðallow€any€other€person€to€operate€ð ðany€mining€or€quarrying€business€which€is€identical€with€orÐ ¸'#( Ðsimilar€to€the€type€of€work€or€operations€permitted€under€this€Option.ðð€€Ô#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|0#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔHowever,€Clyde€JennetteÐ ¤(ô#) Ðtestified€at€trial€that€Jenco€had€a€gentlemenððs€agreement€with€Rogers€Group€that€Jenco€could€quarryÐ )à$* Ðthe€property€in€order€to€work€on€its€own€road.€€Ô#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|E##ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔThe€written€agreement€further€provided€that€if€RogersÐ |*Ì%+ ÐGroup€exercised€its€option,€it€would€be€given€the€exclusive€right€to€ð ðexplore,€examine,€mine,€quarry,Ð h+¸&, Ðexcavate,€prepare€for€market,€store,€market€and€remove€from€the€Property€all€the€rock,€stone,€soil,Ð ° Ðsand€and€gravel€existing€upon€or€under€the€surface€of€the€Property.ðð€€The€agreement€was€terminatedÐ œì Ðin€March€of€1989.€€Ð ˆØ ÐÌà  àPrior€to€the€1988€adoption€of€the€zoning€resolutionÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|^$#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔ,€Ô#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|Á&#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔAppellants€themselves€blasted€rock€fromÐ `° Ðthe€property€on€two€occasions.€€The€first€blast€took€place€in€September€1987€and€the€second€inÐ L œ ÐSeptember€1988.€€Clyde€Jennette€testified€that€the€purpose€of€these€blasts€was€to€obtain€rock€for€useÐ 8 ˆ Ðon€Jencoððs€projects€such€as€the€construction€of€a€road€and€a€head€wall.€€In€addition,€he€stated€thatÐ $ t ÐAppellants€would€have€sold€the€rock€had€they€been€able€to€find€a€buyer€at€that€time.€€Ô#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|'#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔThe€testimonyÐ  ` Ðof€Clyde€and€Rachel€Jennetteððs€son,€Andy€Jennette,€was€that€the€September€1987€blast€was€doneÐ ü L  Ðbecause€Jenco€was€putting€in€a€bridge.€€At€trial,€Owen€Jennette,€another€of€Clyde€and€RachelÐ è 8  ÐJennetteððs€sons,€€testified€that€the€purpose€of€the€1987€and€1988€blasts€was€to€obtain€rock€ð ðto€use€itÐ Ô$  Ðon€[Jencoððs]€jobs€that€we€had,€jobs€that€they€were€going€to€be€bid€later€on€down€the€road,€sell€it€toÐ À  Ðanybody€that€needed€the€product,€and€use€it€ourselves.ðð€€However,€at€a€different€time,€Owen€didÐ ¬ü  Ðtestify€that€the€blasts€in€1987€and€1988€were€for€the€purpose€of€constructing€a€road€to€access€the€rockÐ ˜è  Ðon€Appellantsðð€property.Ð „Ô  ÐÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|B)#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àÌÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|­,#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔà  àClyde€Jennette€testified€that€from€1988€to€1992,€Jenco€was€operating€a€quarry€and€did€sellÐ \¬ Ðrock€to€third€parties€as€needed.€€However,€Ô#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|D-#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔthe€uncontroverted€evidence€was€that€the€only€rockÐ H˜ Ðremoved€from€the€farm€prior€to€October€1988€was€one€sale€of€seven€truck€loads€which€were€sold€toÐ 4„ Ða€Mr.€Nunn.€€After€the€adoption€of€the€1988€zoning€ordinance,€there€was€some€rock€sold€to€TeksidÐ  p ÐAluminum€around€1992,€and€there€were€three€hundred€€truckloads€of€rock€sold€to€a€bank€in€DicksonÐ  \ Ðin€1994.€€Ô#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|,.#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔIn€Owen€Jennetteððs€deposition,€he€stated€that€the€rock€which€was€sold€to€the€bank€and€toÐ øH ÐMr.€Nunn€came€from€those€blasts€which€were€done€for€the€construction€of€the€road.€He€stated€thatÐ ä4 Ðthere€had€been€no€other€blasts€on€his€fatherððs€property€other€than€for€the€purpose€of€building€thatÐ Ð  Ðroad.€Ð ¼  ÐÌà  àJohn€Loviza,€vice€president€of€Hermitage€Explosives€Corporation,€testified€that€he€had€visitedÐ ”ä ÐAppellantsðð€property€to€oversee€the€blasting€work€in€September€of€1987€and€in€September€of€1988.€Ð €Ð ÐHe€stated€the€blasts€were€part€of€the€operation€of€the€Jenco€rock€quarry.€€Charles€Williamson€testifiedÐ l¼ Ðthat€he€performed€seismic€monitoring€for€both€of€these€blasts.€€Both€of€these€men€testified€that€JencoÐ X ¨ Ðwas€conducting€its€operations€within€compliance€of€state€and€federal€law.€€Mr.€Williamson€referredÐ D!” Ðto€Jencoððs€property€as€a€proposed€quarry€site€stating€ð ð[Ô_Ôt]hatÔ_Ôððs€what€we€labeled€it€as€in€the€early€going,Ð 0"€  Ðthat€it€was€going€to€be€a€quarry€site,€but€it€was€embryonic€green€field€operation.ðð€€When€the€trialÐ #l! Ðjudge€asked€Mr.€Williamson€what€would€make€it€a€quarrying€site,€he€responded€that€his€employeesÐ $X" Ðconsider€something€a€€quarry€ð ðonce€the€crushing€has€taken€place,€you€have€your€screening€and€thenÐ ô$D # Ðtransporting€the€materials€out.ððÐ à%0!$ ÐÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|0#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔÌÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|‰6#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔà  à€It€is€undisputed€that€Appellantsðð€property€never€had€on€it€much€of€the€equipment€necessaryÐ ¸'#& Ðfor€a€full-scale€quarry.€€Andy€Jennette€testified€that€for€the€blasting€of€the€rock€and€the€constructionÐ ¤(ô#' Ðof€the€road,€the€following€equipment€was€necessary:€ð ð[Ô_Ôa]nÔ_Ô€excavator,€hoe,€backhoe€.€.€.€[,€a]€loader,Ð )à$( Ða€loading€device€of€some€kind,€a€dozer€to€handle€any€on-site€fill,€and€a€track€drill€and€compressor€andÐ |*Ì%) Ðblasting€equipment.ðð€€Andy€Jennette€stated€in€a€February€1996€deposition€that€in€order€to€start€aÐ h+¸&* Ðquarry,€they€would€need€ð ða€primary€crushing€unit,€a€secondary€crushing€unit,€conveyors€to€variousÐ ° Ðsize€of€stockpiled€areas,€a€washing€system,€a€dust€collection€system,€and€loaders,€scale€house€andÐ œì Ðcomplex€to€be€together€and€more€track€drills€and€compressors.ðð€€At€that€point€in€1996,€only€theÐ ˆØ Ðblasting€equipment€had€been€placed€on€site.€€Though€the€property€did€not€have€the€equipment€for€aÐ tÄ Ðfull-scale€quarry,€Clyde€Jennette€testified€that€he€was€asking€for€it€to€be€grandfathered€in€for€aÐ `° Ðfull-scale€quarry.Ð L œ ÐÌÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|Ì6#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔà  àSubsequent€to€Dickson€Countyððs€enactment€of€the€October€1998€zoning€resolution,€onÐ $ t ÐOctober€1,€1991,€Appellants€applied€to€the€Dickson€County€Board€of€Zoning€Appeals€for€a€specialÐ  ` Ðexception€for€the€purpose€of€using€the€property€for€surface€and€sub-surface€mining€or€quarrying€ofÐ ü L  Ðnatural€mineral€resources.€€As€a€part€of€the€proceedings€in€that€case,€òòAndy€B.€Jennette€et€al€v.€DicksonÐ è 8  ÐCounty€Commissionóó,€a€January€1993€deposition€was€taken€of€Appellantsðð€son€Andy€Jennette.€Ð Ô$  ÐPortions€of€that€deposition€were€read€into€the€hearing€in€the€instant€action.€€When€asked€at€thisÐ À  ÐJanuary€1993€deposition€what€was€done€to€the€property€ð ðas€far€as€a€potential€quarryðð€prior€to€OctoberÐ ¬ü  Ðof€1988,€Andy€Jennette€stated€as€follows:Ð ˜è  ÐÌÓ XÓÓ XÓWe€had€it€surveyed.€€We€have€got€a€drawn€plan€from€the€Rogers€group,€submitted€byÐ pÀ Ðthe€Rogers€Group.€€The€Rogers€Group€had€contacted€Judge€Field.€€We€had€discussedÐ \¬ Ðroyalties€and€rights€to€trucking,€several€negotiations.€€Iððm€thinking€we€had€started€aÐ H˜ Ðroad€construction€from€Parkers€Creek€Road€or€Tidwell,€I€think€itððs€Tidwell,€startedÐ 4„ Ðroad€construction€to€the€back€portion€of€the€farm€where€we€were€planning€to€startÐ  p Ðoperations.€Ð  \ ÐÌQuestion€[Attorney]:€€How€much€of€a€road€construction€did€you€do?Ð ä4 ÐAnswer€[Andy€Jennette]:€€Well,€weððve€done€a€little€blasting.€€Weððve€done€someÐ Ð  Ðclearing.Ð ¼  Ð.€.€.€Ð ¨ø ÐQuestion:€What€was€done€other€than€blasting€and€clearing?Ð ”ä ÐAnswer:€Nothing€other€than€negotiations.Ð €Ð ÐÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|<#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔÌÓ XÓÓ XÓà  àIn€this€same€January€1993€deposition,€the€following€dialogue€occurred€between€AndyÐ X ¨ ÐJennette€and€attorney:Ð D!” ÐÌÓ XÓÓ XÓQuestion:€Now,€of€course,€Jenco€doesnððt€own€the€quarry€and€you€donððt€own€theÐ #l! Ðquarry€ð!ðÐ $X" ÐAnd€he€answered€me€by€interrupting€me€and€said:€ð ðThere€is€no€Ô_Ôquarry.ððÔ_ÔÐ ô$D # ÐQuestion:€Well,€the€proposed€quarry.Ð à%0!$ ÐAnswer:€RightÐ Ì&"% ÐÌÓ XÓÓ XÓFrom€the€transcript€of€the€November€1991€Board€of€Zoning€Appeals,€Andy€Jennette€presented€hisÐ ¤(ô#' Ðcase€as€follows:Ð )à$( Ðâ âÐ |*Ì%) ÐÓ XÓÓ XÓGentlemen,€my€name€is€Andy€Jennette,€Vice€President€of€Jenco€ConstructionÐ ° Ðâ âCompany€in€Bon€Aqua,€Tennessee,€resident€of€Dickson€County,€and€weððre€here€forÐ œì Ða€special€exception€of€the€zoning€rules.€€What€we€intend€to€do€and€what€our€hopesÐ ˆØ Ðand€dreams€are,€are€to€start€a€limestone€quarry€at€the€southern€end€of€DicksonÐ tÄ ÐCounty.Ð `° ÐÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|®C#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔÌÓ XÓÓ XÓWhen€Clyde€Jennette€was€asked€at€trial€why€he€filed€for€a€special€exception€if€he€was€alreadyÐ 8 ˆ Ðoperating€a€quarry,€he€said€ð ð[Ô_Ôb]ecauseÔ_Ô€of€the€friction€that€it€was€creating,€the€neighbors€askingÐ $ t Ðquestions.ððÐ  ` ÐÌà  àIn€the€months€before€Dickson€County€filed€its€complaint€seeking€a€restraining€order,€itsÐ è 8  ÐDirector€of€Zoning€issued€two€stop€work€orders€charging€Appellants€to€ð ðimmediately€cease€andÐ Ô$  Ðdesist€the€surface€and€sub-surface€mining€or€quarrying€of€natural€mineral€resourcesðð€on€theirÐ À  Ðproperty.€€Entered€as€a€trial€exhibit€was€a€March€1994€letter€written€to€Dickson€Countyððs€attorneyÐ ¬ü  Ðfrom€Appellantsðð€attorney€in€response€to€those€stop€work€orders.€€In€that€letter,€Appellantsðð€counselÐ ˜è  Ðstated€ð ðthat€the€Jennettes€are€not€ððmining€or€quarryingðð€rock€off€their€property,€but€instead,€are€havingÐ „Ô  Ða€private€road€built€on€the€property.€€By€having€a€road€built€on€their€property,€the€Jennettes€are€in€noÐ pÀ Ðway€violating€any€law€or€ordinance.ðð€€At€trial,€Clyde€Jennette€testified€that€he€never€gave€his€lawyerÐ \¬ Ðthat€information,€that€all€his€lawyers€knew€he€was€planning€to€open€a€quarry€on€his€property.Ð H˜ ÐÌà  àThe€other€issue€raised€by€Appellants€involves€the€fifteen-ton€weight€limit€placed€on€localÐ  p Ðroads€in€Dickson€County.€€The€proof€was€that€prior€to€March€1994€when€the€County€decided€toÐ  \ Ðenforce€the€fifteen-ton€weight€limit€against€the€Jennettes,€the€weight€limit€had€never€been€enforced.€Ð øH ÐAt€this€time,€other€business€entities€were€using€trucks€that€exceeded€the€weight€limit€on€theÐ ä4 Ðsecondary€county€roads.€The€Dickson€County€Highway€Commission€held€a€meeting€during€whichÐ Ð  Ðthey€discussed€whether€the€fifteen-ton€weight€limit€should€be€enforced€against€Appellants.€€TheÐ ¼  ÐCommission€determined€that€it€could€not€recommend€enforcement€against€Appellants€because€itÐ ¨ø Ðwould€be€selective€and€arbitrary€enforcementÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|ÌH#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔ.Ô#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|R#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔ€Ô#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|DR#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔ€Specifically,€Mike€Henke,€the€chairman€of€theÐ ”ä ÐDickson€County€Highway€Commission,€stated€in€his€affidavit€as€follows:€ð ðThe€commission€decidedÐ €Ð Ðthat€it€did€not€want€the€[fifteen-]ton€weight€limit€enforced€against€Jenco€because€such€enforcementÐ l¼ Ðwould€constitute€selective€and€arbitrary€enforcement€of€the€weight€limit€since€numerous€otherÐ X ¨ Ðentities,€including€the€Dickson€County€Highway€Department,€routinely€violate€the€fifteen-ton€weightÐ D!” ÐÔ_Ôlimit.ððÔ_ÔÐ 0"€  ÐÌà  àThe€road€engineer€for€Dickson€County€stated€in€his€affidavit€that€the€weight€of€trucks€ownedÐ $X" Ðand€operated€by€the€Dickson€County€Highway€Department€exceeds€fifteen€tons,€and€that€these€trucksÐ ô$D # Ðhave€been€operated€on€secondary€county€roads€in€a€fully€loaded€condition€with€no€interference€fromÐ à%0!$ Ðany€governmental€agency.€The€general€manager€of€the€Dickson€Farmerððs€Co-op€testified€by€affidavitÐ Ì&"% Ðthat€Co-opððs€feed€trucks€which€are€operated€on€secondary€county€roads€throughout€Dickson€CountyÐ ¸'#& Ðoften€exceed€fifteen€tons.€€He€asserted€that€at€no€time€has€any€governmental€agency€charged€Co-opÐ ¤(ô#' Ðwith€violating€the€fifteen-ton€limit€or€warned€them€to€cease€such€operation.€€Finally,€a€superintendentÐ )à$( Ðfor€the€Dickson€Electric€Company,€testified€in€the€same€manner€as€to€trucks€owned€and€operated€byÐ |*Ì%) Ðthe€Dickson€County€Electric€Company.€€Ð h+¸&* Їà  àThe€elected€highway€engineer€or€highway€superintendent€for€Dickson€County,€JasperÐ ° ÐMcEwen,€testified€at€trial.€€He€distinguished€between€local€delivery€into€the€community€which€wasÐ œì Ðmore€sporadic€in€nature€and€industrial€delivery€which€was€continuous€in€nature.€€He€testified€that€itÐ ˆØ Ðwas€continuous€hauling€on€the€secondary€roads€which€caused€damage.€€Mr.€McEwen€testified€thatÐ tÄ Ðhe€had,€in€the€past,€stopped€log€trucks€which€were€tearing€up€roads€and€compelled€them€to€lightenÐ `° Ðtheir€loads.€€He€had€determined€that€the€roads€would€be€torn€up€within€six€months€if€Appellants€wereÐ L œ Ðallowed€to€continuously€violate€the€fifteen-ton€weight€limit€in€their€operation€of€a€quarry.Ð 8 ˆ ÐÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|‡R#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔÌà  àAs€stated,€on€March€8,€1994,€Dickson€County€sought€a€restraining€order€against€AppellantsÐ  ` Ðto€enjoin€them€from€performing€surface€or€sub-surface€mining€or€quarrying€of€natural€resources€fromÐ ü L  Ðtheir€property,€from€hauling€rock€in€violation€of€the€fifteen-ton€weight€limit€posted€for€local€roadsÐ è 8  Ðand€from€removing€rock€from€the€property€to€any€other€property.€€The€court€granted€the€restrainingÐ Ô$  Ðorder€and€set€the€matter€for€hearing.€€Following€a€hearing,€by€order€entered€May€10,€1994,€the€trialÐ À  Ðcourt€dissolved€the€portion€of€the€restraining€order€enjoining€Appellants€from€mining€and€quarryingÐ ¬ü  Ðand€from€removing€rock€from€the€property.€€However,€the€trial€court€temporarily€enjoined€AppellantsÐ ˜è  Ðfrom€hauling€and€moving€rock€in€violation€of€the€fifteen„ton€weight€limit.€€Ð „Ô  ÐÌà  àAfter€several€years€of€proceedings,€a€final€hearing€was€held€in€November€of€1998.€€At€theÐ \¬ Ðbeginning€of€this€hearing,€Dickson€Countyððs€attorney€listed€for€the€record€certain€stipulations€agreedÐ H˜ Ðto€by€the€parties.€€Specifically,€he€stated€that€ð ðif€Ô_ÔDicksonÔ_Ô€County€is€successful€in€this€litigation,€theÐ 4„ Ðdefendant€agrees€that€a€permanent€injunction€will€issue€from€the€Court€enjoining€and€prohibitingÐ  p Ðanyone€from€blasting,€quarrying,€or€mining€rock€or€other€quarrying€or€mining€operations€onÐ  \ Ð[Appellantsðð]€property€subject€to€any€permits.ððÐ øH ÐÌÓ  Óò òII.€€TRIAL€COURT€RULINGÐ Ð  ÐÌÓ  ÓÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|V\#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔà  àó óIn€its€January€1999€final€order,€the€Dickson€County€Circuit€Court€found€that€Appellants€were,Ð ¨ø Ðin€fact,€mining€and€quarrying€natural€mineral€resources€for€a€commercial€purpose€in€violation€of€theÐ ”ä ÐDickson€County€zoning€ordinance.€€Furthermore,€the€court€found€that€Appellants€had€failed€to€proveÐ €Ð Ðthat€ð ðthe€mining€or€quarrying€of€natural€mineral€resources€for€a€commercial€purpose€was,€in€fact,€aÐ l¼ Ðnonconforming€use€at€the€time€of€the€adoption€of€Ô_ÔtheððÔ_Ô€Dickson€County€€zoning€resolution€on€OctoberÐ X ¨ Ð27,€1988.€€Prior€to€the€final€order,€in€the€courtððs€ruling€following€the€November€1998€hearing,€theÐ D!” Ðcourt€made€the€following€statements€about€Appellantsðð€quarrying€activities:Ð 0"€  ÐÌÓ XÓÓ XÓThey€waited€too€long.€€Thatððs€all€there€is€to€it.€€I€wish[]€they€[had]€started€two€yearsÐ $X" Ðearlier,€but€they€didnððt€do€it.Ð ô$D # Ðà ` àWhat€did€they€do€before€October€the€27ÔÎÿ®%þ à%0!ÔthÔ2à%0!®%þ Ô€of€1988?€€They€blasted€and€soldÐ à%0!$ Ðseven€loads€of€rock€to€a€man€in€Hickman€County€by€the€name€of€Nunn.€€Thatððs€whatÐ Ì&"% Ðthey€did€and€they€built€a€road.€€You€can€make€a€good€argument€from€[Appellantsðð]Ð ¸'#& Ðstandpoint€that€this€road€they€built€is€not€a€farm€road.€€You€donððt€need€that€much€toÐ ¤(ô#' Ðhaul€hogs,€cows,€or€corn.€€They€built€a€road€for€it.€€It€was€their€plan€to€open€up€thisÐ )à$( Ðâ âquarry€and€they€sold€seven€loads€of€rock€out€of€there.€€Ð |*Ì%) Ðà ` àThe€last€four€or€five€years€I€sold€timber€off,€does€that€make€me€in€the€timberÐ ° Ðâ âbusiness?€€No.€€That€[doesnððt]€put€me€in€the€timber€business.€€I€just€sold€some€timberÐ œì Ðand€they€sold€some€rock€they€had.€€What€they€didnððt€use€on€the€€road,€they€soldÐ ˆØ Ðsomewhere€else.Ð tÄ Ðà ` àSo€far€as€this€lawsuit€is€concerned,€I€feel€that€the€City€of€Dickson€has€carriedÐ `° Ðthe€burden€of€proof€by€a€preponderance€of€the€evidence€that€this€zoning€ordinanceÐ L œ Ðwas€in€effect€at€the€time€that€a€quarry€operation€actually€began.€€Before€that€time,Ð 8 ˆ Ðthere€hadnððt€been€not€any€quarry€ð!ð€might€have€been€getting€ready€for€one,€but€it€wasÐ $ t Ðnot€very€obvious.€€It€takes€more€than€just€piling€up€some€rocks€out€there€to€have€aÐ  ` Ðquarry€operation€as€they€planned.Ð ü L  ÐÌÓ XÓÓ XÓà  àIn€its€final€order,€the€court€ordered€that€Appellants€be€permanently€enjoined€from€the€ð ðsurfaceÐ Ô$  Ðand/or€sub-surface€mining€or€quarrying€of€natural€mineral€resources,€blasting,€excavating€and€haulingÐ À  Ðnatural€mineral€resources€off€and€from€[the€Property].ðð€€Without€addressing€the€temporary€injunction,Ð ¬ü  Ðthe€court€dismissed€Appellantsðð€counterclaim€against€the€County€for€selective€enforcement€of€theÐ ˜è  Ðfifteen-ton€weight€limit€on€secondary€roads.€€Ð „Ô  ÐÌÓ  Óò òÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|Wc#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔIII.€€ISSUEÐ \¬ ÐÌÓ  Óó óà  àOn€appeal,€Appellants€rely€upon€provisions€in€both€the€Ô#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|up#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔDickson€County€zoning€resolutionÐ 4„ Ðand€in€the€Tennessee€Code.€€The€Dickson€County€zoning€resolution€provides€that€ð ðlawfulÐ  p Ðnonconforming€uses,€buildings,€and€structures€existing€at€the€time€of€the€passage€of€this€resolutionÐ  \ Ð.€.€.€shall€be€allowed€to€remain€.€.€.€.ðð€€Zoning€Resolution,€Dickson€County,€ðð6.020,€art.€VI,€p.1.€€TheÐ øH Ðcode,€at€section€13-7-208(b),€Ô#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|*q#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔgives€property€owners€the€right€to€continue€operatingÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|)s#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔ€ð ðany€industrial,Ð ä4 Ðcommercial€or€business€establishment€in€operationðð€prior€to€the€zoning€changeÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa| s#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔ.€€Since€theÐ Ð  Ðnonconforming€use€sought€by€Appellants€is€that€of€a€ð ðfull-scale€quarrying€operation,ðð€theseÐ ¼  Ðprovisions€are€one€and€the€same€as€applied€to€Appellants€and€thus€can€be€analyzed€together.€€òòSeeÐ ¨ø ÐChadwell€v.€Knox€Countyóó,€980€S.W.2d€378,€382-83€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1998)€(referring€to€theÐ ”ä Ðð ðcollateralðð€protection€of€section€13-7-208(b)€and€the€local€ordinance€guarantying€the€continuanceÐ €Ð Ðof€ð ðany€lawful€use€of€.€.€.€land€existing€at€the€time€of€the€passage€of€this€Ô_Ôresolutionðð).Ô_ÔÐ l¼ ÐÌà  àSpecifically,€the€Tennessee€statute€provides€as€follows:Ð D!” ÐÌÓ XÓÓ XÓIn€the€event€that€a€zoning€change€occurs€in€any€land€area€where€such€land€area€wasÐ #l! Ðnot€previously€covered€by€any€zoning€restrictions€of€any€governmental€agency€of€thisÐ $X" Ðstate€or€its€political€subdivisions,€or€where€such€land€area€is€covered€by€zoningÐ ô$D # Ðrestrictions€of€a€governmental€agency€of€this€state€or€its€political€subdivisions,€andÐ à%0!$ Ðsuch€zoning€restrictions€differ€from€zoning€restrictions€imposed€after€the€zoningÐ Ì&"% Ðchange,€then€any€industrial,€commercial€or€business€establishment€in€operation,Ð ¸'#& Ðpermitted€to€operate€under€zoning€regulations€or€exceptions€thereto€prior€to€theÐ ¤(ô#' Ðzoning€change€shall€be€allowed€to€continue€in€operation€and€be€permitted;€€provided,Ð )à$( Ðthat€no€change€in€the€use€of€the€land€is€undertaken€by€such€industry€or€business.Ð |*Ì%) ÐÐ h+¸&* ÐÓ XÓÓ XÓÓ?+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ °œX?ÓÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|[t#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€13-7-208(b)€(1999).€€Courts€have€held€that€plaintiffs€must€make€two€thresholdÐ ° Ðshowings€before€invoking€the€protection€of€section13„7„208(b).€€€First,€they€must€show€that€there€hasÐ œì Ðbeen€a€change€in€zoning€(either€the€adoption€of€zoning€where€none€existed€previously,€or€anÐ ˆØ Ðalteration€in€zoning€restrictions).€€Second,€they€must€show€that€there€was€permissive€operation€of€aÐ tÄ Ðbusiness€prior€to€the€change€or€prior€to€the€enactment€of€zoning€restrictions.€€òòRives€v.€City€ofÐ `° ÐClarksvilleóó,€618€S.W.2d€502,€505€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.1981);€€òòLamar€Adver.,€Inc.€v.€City€of€Knoxvilleóó,Ð L œ Ð905€S.W.2d€175,€176€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1995).Ð 8 ˆ ÐÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|³{#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔÌà  àThe€fact€that€there€was€a€change€in€zoning€Ô#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔin€October€of€1988€Ô#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|~#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔwhich€affected€AppellantsððÐ  ` ÐDickson€County€property€is€not€in€dispute.€€Thus,€it€is€the€second€element€expressed€in€òòRivesóó€andÐ ü L  ÐòòLamaróó,€the€permissive€operation€of€a€business€prior€to€this€change,€which€must€be€shown€byÐ è 8  ÐAppellants€here€in€order€for€their€previous€use€of€their€property€to€be€continued€under€sectionÐ Ô$  Ð13-7-208(b).€€Under€the€language€of€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€Ô#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|Ó#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔ13-7-208(b)Ô#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|ñ#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔ,€the€specificÐ À  Ðissue€is€whether€Ô#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|>‚#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔthere€was€ð ðany€industrial,€commercial€or€business€establishment€in€operationðð€priorÐ ¬ü  Ðto€October€27,€1988.€€Ð ˜è  Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àà È àà  àà x àà Ð àÌà  àThe€evidence€simply€does€not€support€a€finding€that€there€was€such€an€industrial,€commercialÐ pÀ Ðor€business€establishment€in€operation.€€Certainly,€Appellants€intended€such€an€operation€for€theÐ \¬ Ðfuture€and€were€working€toward€the€same.€€However,€courts€uniformly€agree€that€ð ð[Ô_Ôm]ereÔ_Ô€preparationÐ H˜ Ðfor€use€of€property€before€adoption€of€a€zoning€ordinance€is€not€enough€to€show€a€devotion€of€theÐ 4„ Ðproperty€to€that€useðð€in€order€to€show€a€pre-existing€nonconforming€use.€€òòCity€of€Pharr€v.€Penaóó,€853Ð  p ÐS.W.2d€56,€64€(Tex.€App.€1993);€òòSeven€Islands€Land€Co.€v.€Maine€Land€Use€Regulation€Commððnóó,Ð  \ Ð450€A.2d€475,€481€(Me.€1982)€(ð ðWhere€the€activity€is€merely€preparation€for€use,€it€does€not€rise€toÐ øH Ðthe€level€of€being€actual€or€substantial€for€the€purposes€of€nonconformity.ðð)€€€€Ð ä4 ÐÌà  àBefore€October€1988,€Appellants€had€only€blasted€from€the€property€on€two€occasions,€andÐ ¼  Ðthey€had€only€made€one€sale€of€rock,€seven€truck€loads,€from€the€property.€€While€there€is€someÐ ¨ø Ðambiguity,€the€overwhelming€sense€from€the€testimony€of€Clyde,€Andy€and€Owen€Jennette€is€thatÐ ”ä Ðthe€two€blasts€were€done€to€obtain€rock€to€build€a€road€and€bridge€on€the€property€in€order€to€prepareÐ €Ð Ðit€for€future€commercial€use.€€Indeed,€until€March€of€1989,€Appellants€were€under€an€agreement€withÐ l¼ ÐRogers€Group€which€provided€that€they€would€not€themselves€operate€or€allow€any€other€person€toÐ X ¨ Ðoperate€ð ðany€mining€or€quarrying€businessðð€including€the€exploration,€examination,€mining,Ð D!” Ðquarrying,€excavating,€preparing€for€market,€storing,€marketing€and€removing€from€the€property€allÐ 0"€  Ðthe€rock,€stone,€soil,€sand€and€gravel€existing€upon€or€under€the€surface€of€the€property.€€ClydeÐ #l! ÐJennette€testified€that€he€did€have€a€ð ðgentlemenððs€agreementðð€with€Rogers€Group€which€permittedÐ $X" ÐAppellants€to€quarry€rock€only€for€the€purpose€of€working€on€the€road.€€The€singular€sale€of€rock€wasÐ ô$D # Ðapparently€an€incidental€commercial€transaction€which€standing€alone€is€not€indicia€of€ð ðan€industrial,Ð à%0!$ Ðcommercial€or€business€establishment€in€operation.ðð€€Ð Ì&"% ÐÌà  àMoreover,€in€1988,€the€only€equipment€on€Appellantsðð€property€was€for€blasting€the€rock€andÐ ¤(ô#' Ðconstructing€the€road.€€Finally,€when€asked€in€a€deposition€what€was€done€to€the€property€prior€toÐ )à$( Ð1988€with€regard€to€the€potential€quarry,€Andy€Jennette€stated€that€it€had€been€surveyed,€a€plan€hadÐ |*Ì%) Ðbeen€drawn,€discussions€had€taken€place€with€Rogers€Group,€some€blasting€had€occurred,€and€theyÐ h+¸&* Ðhad€begun€road€construction€to€that€portion€of€the€farm€where€they€ð ðwere€planning€to€startÐ ° Ðoperations.ðð€€The€evidence€supports€a€conclusion€that€Appellantsðð€actions€prior€to€October€1988€wereÐ œì Ðat€best€preparation€for€use€of€the€land€as€a€quarry.Ð ˆØ ÐÌà  àOne€of€the€more€understandable€and€easily€applied€tests€for€determining€whether€there€isÐ `° Ðenough€of€a€use€to€merit€continuation€as€a€nonconforming€use€is€articulated€as€follows:€ð ðan€existingÐ L œ Ðuse€should€mean€the€utilization€of€the€premises€so€that€they€may€be€known€in€the€neighborhood€asÐ 8 ˆ Ðbeing€employed€for€a€given€purpose.ðð€€òòCity€of€Pharróó,€853€S.W.2d€at€64;€òòWunderlich€v.€Town€ofÐ $ t ÐWebsteróó,€371€A.2d€1177,€1179€(N.H.€1977);€€òòKubby€v.€Hammondóó,€198€P.2d€134,€139€(Ariz.€1948).€Ð  ` ÐFrom€the€evidence,€not€even€Appellants€themselves€considered€that€there€was€a€quarry€€business€inÐ ü L  Ðoperation€on€their€property€as€of€October€1988.€€As€part€of€the€1991€proceedings€to€have€AppellantsððÐ è 8  Ðproperty€deemed€a€special€exception,€Andy€Jennette€made€several€statements€indicating€thatÐ Ô$  ÐAppellants€did€not€have€an€industrial,€commercial€or€business€establishment€in€operation€prior€toÐ À  ÐOctober€1988.€€In€a€1993€deposition,€Andy€Jennette€corrected€an€attorneyððs€reference€to€the€quarryÐ ¬ü  Ðby€stating€that€ð ð[Ô_Ôt]hereÔ_Ô€is€no€quarry,ðð€but€agreeing€that€there€was€a€ð ðproposed€quarry.ðð€€At€a€1991Ð ˜è  Ðhearing€before€the€Board€of€Zoning€appeals,€Andy€Jennette€asserted€the€following:€€ð ðWhat€we€intendÐ „Ô  Ðto€do€and€what€our€hopes€and€dreams€are,€are€to€start€a€limestone€quarry€at€the€southern€end€ofÐ pÀ ÐÔ_ÔDicksonÔ_Ô€County.ðð€€Finally,€Appellantsðð€counsel€asserted€in€the€March€1994€letter€written€to€DicksonÐ \¬ ÐCountyððs€attorney€ð ðthat€the€Jennettes€are€not€ððmining€or€quarryingðð€rock€off€their€property,€butÐ H˜ Ðinstead,€are€having€a€private€road€built€on€the€property.ðð€Ð 4„ ÐÌà  àFurthermore,€it€does€not€appear€that€other€people€considered€Appellants€to€be€in€the€quarryÐ  \ Ðbusiness€prior€to€October€1988.€€The€man€who€performed€the€seismic€monitoring€of€the€two€pre-1988Ð øH Ðblasts€referred€to€Appellantsðð€operation€as€an€ð ðembryonic€green€field€operationðð€which€was€goingÐ ä4 Ðto€be€a€quarry.€€He€stated€that€his€employees€donððt€consider€something€a€quarry€until€the€crushingÐ Ð  Ðhas€taken€place€and€materials€are€being€transported€out.€Ð ¼  ÐÌà  àThe€basic€problem€in€the€instant€case€is€one€that€has€been€faced€by€many€courts€over€the€pastÐ ”ä Ðyears€and€is€well€stated€as€follows:€€ð ðLand€development€and€building€construction€generally€stretchesÐ €Ð Ðout€over€a€period€of€time.€€The€question€is€at€what€point€will€a€court€recognize€that€the€developer€isÐ l¼ Ðentitled€to€protection€from€a€change€in€zoning€that€would€bar€a€use€permitted€when€development€orÐ X ¨ Ðconstruction€was€commenced.ðð€€òòÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|´‚#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔGackler€Land€Co.€v.€Yankee€Springs€Townshipóó,€398€N.W.2d€393,Ð D!” Ð403€(Mich.€198)€(Levin,€J.€dissenting).€€Our€state€statute€requires€that€Ô#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔthere€be€an€ð ðindustrial,Ð 0"€  Ðcommercial€or€business€establishment€in€operationðð€in€order€to€continue€prior€use.€€Ô#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|í#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔWhile€theÐ #l! ÐÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|¶ž#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔDickson€County€zoning€resolution€more€broadly€protects€prior€use€of€property€than€does€theÐ $X" ÐTennessee€codeððs€section€13-7-208(b),€the€issue€is€the€same€in€the€instant€case€where€Appellants€areÐ ô$D # Ðseeking€continued€nonconforming€use€as€a€quarry€business.€€The€trial€court€found€as€a€matter€of€factÐ à%0!$ Ðthat€Appellantsðð€property€was€not€being€used€as€a€ð ðquarry€businessðð€as€of€the€October€27,€1988Ð Ì&"% Ðeffective€date€of€the€Dickson€County€zoning€resolution.€€The€evidence€does€not€preponderate€againstÐ ¸'#& Ðthis€finding€of€fact€and€we€are€compelled€to€affirm.€€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€13(d);€òòStreet€v.€Waddellóó,€3Ð ¤(ô#' ÐS.W.3d€504,€507€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1999).Ð )à$( Ðâ âÔ#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|Ÿ#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔÐ |*Ì%) Ðà  àIn€the€second€issue,€Appellants€assert€€that€the€Ô#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|r¢#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔtrial€court€erred€by€failing€to€include€in€its€finalÐ ° Ðâ âorder€a€finding€that€Dickson€Countyððs€enforcement€of€the€fifteen-ton€weight€limit€for€local€roadsÐ œì Ðagainst€Appellants€constituted€improper€selective€enforcement.€€The€trial€courtððs€final€orderÐ ˆØ Ðdismissed€Appellantsðð€counterclaim€without€addressing€this€issue.€€Indeed,€the€temporary€injunctionÐ tÄ Ðregarding€the€fifteen„ton€weight€limit€has€not€been€addressed€since€its€May€10,€1994€issuance.€€NorÐ `° Ðhas€a€permanent€injunction€been€sought€by€Dickson€County.€€The€countyððs€enforcement€of€theÐ L œ Ðfifteen„ton€weight€limit€against€Appellants€was€based€on€its€conclusion€that€the€continuous€haulingÐ 8 ˆ Ðnecessitated€by€a€quarry€would€damage€the€roads.€€Since€the€rationale€for€enforcement€no€longerÐ $ t Ðexists€in€light€of€our€decision€that€Appellants€have€no€right€to€operate€a€quarry€as€a€pre„existing€non„Ð  ` Ðconforming€use,€the€temporary€injunction€is€hereby€dissolved.€€We€therefore€find€it€unnecessary€toÐ ü L  Ðaddress€Appellantsðð€selective€enforcement€claim.Ð è 8  ÐÌÓ  Óò òIV.€€CONCLUSIONÐ À  ÐÌà@..àÓ  Óó óà  àIn€conclusion,€it€is€our€opinion€that€Appellants€have€no€right€to€operate€a€quarry€on€theirÐ ˜è  ÐDickson€County€property€either€under€the€nonconforming€use€provision€of€the€Dickson€CountyÐ „Ô  Ðzoning€resolution€or€under€section€13-7-208(b)€of€the€Tennessee€Code.€€Appellants€have€failed€toÐ pÀ Ðshow€that€there€was€a€ð ðlawful€nonconforming€useðð€or€an€ð ðindustrial,€commercial€or€businessÐ \¬ Ðestablishment€in€operationðð€prior€to€the€October€1988€zoning€change€which€made€ð ðsurface€andÐ H˜ Ðsubsurface€mining€or€quarrying€of€natural€mineral€resourcesðð€permissible€as€a€special€exception€only.€Ð 4„ ÐFurthermore,€in€light€of€our€holding€regarding€the€issue€of€nonconforming€use,€we€find€that€theÐ  p Ðtemporary€injunction€prohibiting€Appellants€from€violating€the€fifteen„ton€weight€limit€should€beÐ  \ Ðdissolved.€€The€costs€of€appeal€shall€be€taxed€against€Appellants.Ô#†0î?ÁîX0Xa|£#ÔÔ‡0Xa|Xî0î?ÁÔÐ øH ÐÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à__________________________________________Ð ”ä Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àWILLIAM€B.€CAIN,€Ô_ÔJUDGEÔ_Ô