ÿWPCž 8#  UN+ %y 0(U<§w@ã4#7 0lF 0D² D3ö 0J)s 0T{ 0^Ï 0h- 0r• 0| 0†ƒ 0 1u™ U, 0d: 0@ž BÞ U,û U>' AOe Æ´ 0Dz 0D¾ D/ B1 B)N DCw AMº U*!1OR¬¡v~MvÓ˘HP LaserJet 4Si/4SiMX PS 600dpiPSCRIPTÀÌÀääÀÀÌ0 (ÈhH  Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡-šBu Z‹$Arrus BT Roman %U&'E(P)E*+U,î-Ó€7Gav EORG'3|x7((3üÝ$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó""""'ÿÿdxd2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)< Œ 9p`(ModernP ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò d< Œ 9p`(Monaco< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman* ,-Cþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó..'÷ÿ dxdüÿP Pd% Line 7 d////7Border 1dd* 0Cþÿ << Gÿÿ< Œ 9p`(Arial Ý ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€(ÔÝ  ÝÔ€2ÔÔ€2ÔÓ  Óò òÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€2XÔÌÌJune€7,€1996ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔ  Ôó ó EÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€(ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  Ý€Ô€ÔAlthough€the€storage€charges€are€listed€on€the€bill€of€lading,€theseÏcharges€à àwere€added€at€a€later€date.€Ô€(ÔÌ ¢Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€(ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÒ  ÒÒ „ ÒÔ€ÔWe€do€not€reach€defendantððs€estoppel€arguments,€because€theseÏarguments€presume€there€was€one€contract,€and€we€find€to€the€contrary.€ÏFurthermore,€defendantððs€merger€argument€is€not€well€taken.€€TheÏgeneral€rule€of€merger€is€that€the€last€agreement€concerning€the€sameÏsubject€matter€that€has€been€signed€by€all€parties€supersedes€allÏformer€agreements.€€ò òòòMagnolia€Group€v.€Metro€Dev.€&€Housingó óóó,€783ÏS.W.2d€563,€566€(Tenn.€App.€1989).€€Ô€ÔIn€the€instant€suit,€the€partiesÏnever€signed€a€storage€contract;€but€even€if€they€had,€an€agreement€toÏmove€household€goods€and€a€storage€agreement€contemplated€after€theÏfact€are€not€the€ð ðsame€subject€matterðð€for€the€purpose€of€merger.€ÌPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'@Styl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑMonacoÑÑ ÑÒ  BA Op Monaco ÒÒ  BA Op Monaco ÒÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÓ&€''X„d&ÓÑ#€''Xd#ÑÔ€(ÔÝ  ÝÑ7€•nXXdìdÈ7ÑÑ  ÑÔ€ÔÓ  ÓÑ  ÑÑ\R AØ'\ÑÒ  ÒÒ „ Òà@ àIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌà@ àWESTERN€SECTION€AT€NASHVILLEÌà àà à€€Ï________________________________________________ÌÌò òDAVID€GEORGE€andÌSHERRY€GEORGE,€ó óÌÌà àPlaintiffs„Appellees,ÌÌVs.à àà àà àà àà àà àà àDavidson€Circuit€#94C„1857Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àC.A.€No.€01A01„9510„CV„00454ò òÌÙ€*Ùó óßL€130;+'h|pk` ç `€€LßÌò òDANIEL€MOVING€AND€STORAGEÌCOMPANY,€INC.,ó óÌÌà àDefendant„Appellant.Ì___________________________________________________________________________ÌÌà@ àFROM€THE€DAVIDSON€COUNTY€CIRCUIT€COURTÌÌà@ àTHE€HONORABLE€WALTER€C.€KURTZ,€JUDGEÌÌÌÌÌà@ àJoel€H.€Moseley,€Moseley€&€Moseley,€of€NashvilleÌà@ àFor€AppellantÌÌà@ àClinton€W.€Watkins€of€BrentwoodÌà@ àFor€AppelleesÌÌÌÌÌÌÌà@ àò òòòAFFIRMED€AND€REMANDEDó óÌóóÌà@ àOpinion€filed:€€ÌÌÌÌÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àò òà àW.€FRANK€CRAWFORD,Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àPRESIDING€JUDGE,€W.S.ÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌDAVID€R.€FARMER,€JUDGEÌÌHOLLY€KIRBY€LILLARD,€JUDGEó óÌ›Ñ7€•nXXdìXXdì7ÑÑ  ÑÓÓò òòòà àó óóóDefendant,€Daniel€Moving€and€Storage€Company,€Inc.,€appeals€theÏtrial€courtððs€order€in€a€non„jury€case€awarding€damages€of€$4,000.00€toÏœPlaintiffs,›€David€and€Sherry€George.€€Ìà àOn€June€28,€1991,€David€George€signed€a€contract€with€defendantÏwhereby€the€defendant€agreed€to€move€the€Georgesðð€household€goodsÏfrom€Ooltewah,€Tennessee€to€the€Nashville€area.€When€the€GeorgesÏoriginally€contacted€the€defendant,€they€did€not€plan€to€store€theirÏfurniture;€however,€on€the€day€of€the€move,€Mrs.€George€inquired€aboutÏstorage€because€the€Georges€had€yet€to€secure€a€new€residence.€€€€InÏresponse€to€Mrs.€Georgeððs€inquiry€Judith€Robertson,€an€agent€of€theÍdefendant,€wrote€to€Mr.€and€Mrs.€George,€stating€that€a€sister€companyÏof€the€defendant€would€be€able€to€store€the€Georgesðð€furniture.€€Ms.ÏRobertson€attached€a€ð ðpremove€survey€formðð€which€reflected€theÏcharges€associated€with€storage.Ìà àThe€Georgesðð€household€goods€remained€in€storage€with€theÏdefendant€until€September€24,€1991,€at€which€time€a€dispute€arose€asÏto€whether€the€fee€previously€paid€by€the€Georges€included€delivery€toÏHendersonville,€the€location€of€the€Georgesðð€new€home,€from€theÏstorage€facility€in€Nashville.€€In€the€end,€the€Georges€elected€to€moveÏtheir€goods€without€the€assistance€of€defendant.€€When€the€GeorgesÏarrived€at€the€storage€warehouse,€they€found€that€their€furniture€hadÏmistakenly€been€loaded€on€one€of€defendantððs€moving€vans€and€thus€hadÏto€be€unloaded€and€then€reloaded€into€the€Georgesðð€van.€€While€theÏreloading€process€was€taking€place,€the€Georges€noticed€that€some€ofÏtheir€furniture€and€household€goods€were€damaged.€€They€completed€aÏð ðRider€to€Inventoryðð€that€day,€listing€damages,€and€Mrs.€George€laterÏprepared€a€second€inventory,€which€listed€damages€totaling€$6,445.00.€€Ìà à€Plaintiffs€argue€that€they€had€two€contracts€with€the€defendant,Ïone€for€moving€and€a€second€for€storage.€€According€to€plaintiffs,€theÍonly€provisions€limiting€the€defendantððs€liability€are€in€the€movingÏcontract€(the€bill€of€lading),€and€thus€did€not€act€to€limit€damages€thatÏoccurred€during€storage.€€€In€the€alternative,€plaintiffs€argue€that€evenÏif€there€is€just€one€contract,€public€policy€considerations€prohibitÏdefendant€from€limiting€its€liability€for€negligence.€€Ìà àDefendant€concedes€that€some€of€the€Georgesðð€goods€wereÏdamaged;€however,€defendant€argues€that€there€is€just€one€contract,Ïand€whether€the€plaintiffsðð€goods€were€damaged€during€the€move€orÏwhile€in€storage,€its€maximum€liability€is€limited€to€$620.00€under€theÏprovisions€of€the€bill€of€lading,€which€provides€as€follows:ÌÓÓà8 àà8 àUnless€the€shipper€expressly€releases€theÏshipment€to€a€value€of€60€cents€per€pound€perÏarticle,€the€carrierððs€maximum€liability€for€lossÏand€damage€shall€be€either€the€lump€sum€valueÏdeclared€by€the€shipper€or€an€amount€equal€toÏ$1.25€for€each€pound€of€weight€in€the€shipment,Ïwhichever€is€greater.ÌÌà8 àà8 àThe€shipment€will€move€subject€to€the€rules€andÏconditions€of€the€carrierððs€tariff.€€ShipperÏhereby€releases€the€entire€shipment€to€a€valueÏnot€exceeding€Ìà àà à$òò€€€€€€€€€€60€cents€per€pound€per€art.€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óó.€€ÌÌà8 àà8 àNotice:€The€shipper€signing€this€contract€mustÏinsert€in€the€space€above,€in€his€ownÍhandwriting,€either€his€declaration€of€the€actualÏvalue€of€the€shipment,€or€the€words€ð ð60€centsÏper€pound€per€article.ðð€€Otherwise€the€shipmentÏwill€be€deemed€released€to€a€maximum€valueÏequal€to€$1.25€times€the€weight€of€the€shipmentÏin€pounds.€€ÌÌà8 àà8 àòò€€€€€€€€/s/€€€David€George€€€€€€€€€€€€€óó€€€€€òò€€€€€€€€€€€€Ï6/28/91€€€€€óóÌÌÓÓà àDefendant€contends€that€the€Georgesðð€awareness€of€€liabilityÏcoverage€options€is€further€illustrated€by€their€election€to€list€certainÏitems€on€the€defendantððs€ð ðInventory€of€Items€of€Extraordinary€Value,ððÏunder€which€the€shipper€agrees€to€pay€up€to€$100.00€per€pound€for€anyÏdamage€that€occurs€to€the€listed€items.€€€Ìà àThe€trial€court€did€not€reach€the€issue€of€whether€the€defendantÏcould€limit€its€liability€for€negligence,€finding€instead€that€there€wereÏtwo€contracts;€one€for€moving€and€one€for€storage,€and€that€theÏliability€limitations€of€the€moving€contract€did€not€apply€to€the€storageÏagreement.€€Under€the€presumption€regarding€bailment€contained€inÏT.C.A.€Ô€2Ô€Ô€Ôðð€24„5„111€(1980),€the€court€entered€judgment€for€theÏplaintiffs€in€the€amount€of€$4,000.00.Ìà àDefendant€raises€two€issues€on€appeal.€€The€first€issue,€as€statedÏin€defendantððs€brief,€is:ÌÓÓà8 àà8 àDid€the€trial€court€err€when€it€concluded€thatÏthere€were€two€(2)€separate€contracts;€one€forÏmoving€and€one€for€storing€the€goods?ÌÌÓÓ€à àOn€June€28,€1991,€the€day€they€were€scheduled€to€move,€theÏGeorges€determined€that€their€household€goods€would€have€to€be€storedÏand€contacted€defendant€for€information€in€that€regard.€€That€day€Ms.ÏRobertson,€an€agent€of€the€defendant,€sent€the€Georges€a€letter€and€aÏpremove€survey€which€provided€pricing€€information.€€The€language€ofÏMs.€Robertsonððs€letter€indicates€that€the€Georges€had€not€yet€agreed€toÏuse€defendantððs€storage€facility.€€Moreover,€the€testimony€of€Phillip€E.ÏDaniel,€owner€of€Daniel€Moving€and€Storage,€was€that€the€letter€ð ðdoesÏnot€say€[the€household€goods€are]€going€to€storage.ðð€€Mr.€Daniel€testifiedÏthat€the€premove€survey€was€attached,€not€as€a€premove€survey€but€toÏquote€the€charges€on€storage€as€ð ðan€informational€piece€of€paper€thatÏwas€requested.ðð€€œNowhere›€in€the€record€is€there€any€memorialization€ofÏa€storage€contract,€much€less€provisions€limiting€the€liability€of€theÏstorage€facility.× ƒ4 ××  ×€€In€fact,€the€defendantððs€Memorandum€in€Opposition€toÏPlaintiffsðð€Motion€for€Summary€Judgment€states:ÌÓÓà8 àà8 àThe€storage€of€the€plaintiffsðð€goods€at€the€timeÏthis€initial€contract€was€executed€was€notÏcontemplated.€€It€is€not€memorialized€in€theÏinitial€contract.€€Further,€the€portion€of€thisÏform€relating€to€storage€fees€remains€blank,€asÏdo€all€other€unnecessary€components€of€theÏinitial€contract.€€These€items€were€filled€in€at€aÏlater€date€when€the€plaintiffsðð€bill€was€totaled.€ÏThe€only€portion€of€the€fee€schedule€filled€inÏrelated€to€the€number€of€miles€that€the€goodsÏare€to€be€transported.ÌÌFurthermore,€defendantððs€response€to€plaintiffsðð€Request€forÏAdmissions€states:ÌÌà8 àà8 àThe€defendants€deny€that€the€contract€asÏoriginally€envisioned€by€the€parties€involved€theÏstorage€of€goods.€€The€original€contractÏenvisioned€by€the€parties€only€involved€theÏmovement€of€the€plaintiffsðð€property€fromÏChattanooga,€Tennessee,€to€Nashville,€Tennessee.ÌÌÓÓà àBased€upon€the€record€before€us,€the€evidence€does€notÏpreponderate€against€the€trial€courtððs€finding€that€there€were€twoÏagreements;€one€for€storage€and€one€for€moving,€and€that€the€liabilityÏlimitations€in€the€moving€contract€do€not€extend€to€any€storageÏagreement€between€the€parties.œ× ƒ5 ××  ×›€€Furthermore,€we€agree€with€the€courtÍthat€the€presumption€regarding€bailment€contained€in€T.C.A.€Ô€2Ô€Ô€Ôðð€24„5„111€controls:ÌÓÓà8 àà8 àò òNegligence€of€bailee.€ó ó„„€In€all€actions€by€aÏbailor€against€a€bailee€for€loss€or€damage€toÏpersonal€property,€proof€by€the€bailor€that€theÏproperty€was€delivered€to€the€bailee€in€goodÏcondition€and€that€it€was€not€returned€orÏredelivered€according€to€the€contract,€or€that€itÏwas€returned€or€redelivered€in€a€damagedÏcondition,€shall€constitute€prima€facie€evidenceÏthat€the€bailee€was€negligent,€provided€the€lossÏor€damage€was€not€due€to€the€inherent€nature€ofÏthe€property€bailed.ÓÓà8 àà8 àÌà àThere€is€ample€evidence€in€the€record€that€the€Georgesðð€furnitureÏwas€in€good€condition€when€it€went€into€storage.€€The€defendant€has€notÏpresented€evidence€to€overcome€this€presumption.€€ò òòòSee€generallyÏCrook€v.€Mid„South€Transfer€&€Storage€Co.,€Inc.ó óóó,€499€S.W.2d€255Ï(Tenn.€App.€1973).€Ìà àDefendantððs€second€issue€on€appeal,€as€stated€in€defendantððsÏbrief,€is:€ÌÓÓà8 àà8 àThe€trial€court€erred€when€it€failed€to€giveÏeffect€to€the€plaintiffsðð€expressed€[sic]Ïagreement€to€assume€the€risk€of€loss€on€theÏvalue€of€their€goods€in€excess€of€60€cents€perÏpound€per€article?ÓÓÌDefendant€contends€that€the€plaintiffs€expressly€agreed€to€assume€theÏrisk€of€loss€for€their€goods€to€the€extent€the€loss€exceeded€defendantððsÏagreement€to€pay€up€to€60€cents€per€pound€per€article,€and€excludingÏthose€items€listed€on€the€inventory€of€extraordinary€value.€€It€is€trueÏthat€the€Georges€agreed€to€limit€the€carrierððs€liability€òòduring€the€moveóó;Ïhowever,€the€Georges€did€not€sign€a€contract€which€permitted€theÏstorage€facility€to€limit€its€liability€òòduring€the€storage€periodóó.€€Ìà àThe€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed,€and€the€case€isÏremanded€for€such€further€proceedings€as€are€necessary.€€AppelleesððÏadditional€issues€are€pretermitted.€€Costs€of€appeal€are€taxed€to€theÏappellant.€€ÌÓÓà àà àà àà àà àà àà à_________________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àò òW.€FRANK€CRAWFORD,Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àPRESIDING€JUDGE,€W.S.ó óÌò òCONCUR:ÌÌ_________________________________ÌDAVID€R.€FARMER,€JUDGEó óÌÌ_________________________________Ìò òHOLLY€KIRBY€LILLARD,€JUDGEó óÌÔ€ÔÔ€Ôœ