ÿWPC· …#†VU>Ü % 0( 4H\ 0lk 0D×U : 0JU 0TŸ 0^ó 0hQ 0r¹ 0|+ 0†§ 0- 1u½ U,2 0d^ U, B)î DC AMZU*§?ч B—V´ D3 v~=vÓ» 0@Ž AOÎÆ 0Dã 0D' D/k Bš˜IBM Laser Printer 4019IBM4019ÈÈ,,,,ÈÈ0 ØP /jÇ=àFgÐ<èÀ( 9Z &Courier RegularX($¡¡1# x°°3|xÒ((3üÝ$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó<þ6X9`("Courier NewTT2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)< Œ 9p`(ModernP ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(Monaco% Line 7 d""""7Border 1dd€-#Cþÿ << Gÿÿ< Œ 9p`(Arial 5Ý ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€ ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€%ÔÔ€%ÔÓ  Óò òÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€%XÔÌÌJanuary€31,€1996ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔ  Ôó ó }Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€ ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€ ôÔCourt€of€Appeals€Rule€10(b):Ìà8 àThe€Court,€with€the€concurrence€of€all€judges€participating€in€theÏcase,€may€affirm,€reverse€or€modify€the€actions€of€the€trial€courtÏby€memorandum€opinion€when€a€formal€opinion€would€have€noÏprecedential€value.€€When€a€case€is€decided€by€memorandum€opinionÏit€shall€be€designated€"MEMORANDUM€OPINION,"€shall€not€beÏpublished,€and€shall€not€be€cited€or€relied€on€for€any€reason€in€aÏsubsequent€unrelated€case.€Ì d LÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€ ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€ ôÔPrior€to€Wife's€filing€her€petition€for€contempt,€Husband€had€filed€aÏpetition€for€modification€of€alimony€in€January€1993.€€He€alleged€that€"hisÏprior€employment€as€an€insurance€agent€had€paid€him€an€annual€income€ofÏapproximately€One€Hundred€€and€Fifty€Thousand€Dollars€($150,000.00),€that€heÏlost€this€employment,€was€presently€unemployed€and€needed€a€substantialÏdecrease€in€his€obligation€to€pay€alimony."€€The€trial€court€found€as€follows:Ï"The€petitioner's€proof€viewed€in€the€light€most€favorable€to€petitionerÏhaving€failed€to€support€his€claim€to€the€change€in€circumstances,€it€isÏtherefore€...€dismissed."€€There€was€no€appeal€from€this€order.€Ì(((('ÿÿdxdPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'@Styl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑMonacoÑÑ ÑÒ  BA: T Monaco ÒÒ  BA: T Monaco Ò("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÓ&€!!X„d&ÓÑ#€!!Xd#ÑÔ€ ÔÝ  ÝÓ ` Ü‚Xœ ’X ÓÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ7€nXdÈdÈ7ÑÑ  ÑDONALD€ROBERT€GREENE,à à)Ìà àà à)ÌÓ#` Ü‚Xœôx‘X#Óà àPlaintiff/Appellant,à à)à àAppeal€No.Ìà àà à)à à01„A„01„9509„CV„00405Ìv.à àà à)Ìà àà à)à àDavidson€CircuitÌÙ€€ÙßL€$&#;+'h|›Ë` ç `€€LßSARAH€L.€SMITH€GREENE,à à)à àNo.€91D„3610Ìà àà à)Ìà àDefendant/Appellee.à à)ÌÌÌÌÓ  ÓÔ€ ¼ÔCOURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌMIDDLE€SECTION€AT€NASHVILLEÌÌÌAPPEAL€FROM€THE€COURT€FOR€DAVIDSON€COUNTYÌÌAT€NASHVILLE,€TENNESSEEÌÌÌTHE€HONORABLE€WALTER€C.€KURTZ,€CHANCELLORÌÓ ` Ü‚XœÈ“X ÓÌÌÓ  ÓÌÌÔ€ XÔF.€DULIN€KELLYÌKelly€&€KellyÌ629€East€Main€StreetÌHendersonville,€Tennessee€€37075Ìà àATTORNEY€FOR€PLAINTIFF/APPELLANTÌÌÌÌRANDLE€W.€HILL,€JR.ÌRoehrig€&€Associates€P.C.Ì115€Public€SquareÌGallatin,€Tennessee€€37066Ìà àATTORNEY€FOR€DEFENDANT/APPELLEEÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÓ  ÓAFFIRMED€AS€MODIFIEDÌAND€REMANDEDÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÓ  ÓÔ€ ¼ÔÌSAMUEL€L.€LEWIS,€JUDGEÌÓ  ÓÓÓòòÔ€ °ÔMEMORANDUM€OPINIONóó× ƒ' ××  ×ÌÓ  ÓÓ#` Ü` ä œÈ“X#ÓÔ€ XÔà àPlaintiff/appellant,€Donald€Robert€Greene€("Husband"),€andÏdefendant/appellee,€Sarah€L.€Smith€Greene€("Wife"),€divorced€on€1ÏApril€1992€after€having€entered€into€a€Marital€DissolutionÏAgreement€("MDA").€€The€parties€executed€the€MDA,€and€the€courtÏincorporated€it€into€the€divorce€decree.€€The€pertinent€portionsÏof€the€decree€are€as€follows:ÌÓÓà8 àòòAlimonyóó.€€Husband€shall€pay€alimony€to€Wife€untilÏhis€death,€her€death€or€her€remarriage€as€follows:ÌÌÓ#` ` ä ‚ÂœÈ“X#Óà8 àà àa.à à$3,200.00€per€month€for€a€period€of€threeÏ(3)€years€beginning€on€the€first€day€of€the€firstÏmonth€following€closing€of€sale€on€the€parties'Ïhome€property.ÌÌà àà àb.à8 à$2,000.00€per€month€thereafter.ÌÌà8 àà àc.à àAlimony€payments€shall€be€paid€in€hand€orÏpostmarked€by€the€first€day€of€each€month.ÌÌà8 àà àd.à àAll€alimony€payments€provided€for€in€thisÏAgreement€are€deductible€by€Husband€and€taxable€asÏincome€to€Wife€except€for€the€$2,000€payment€toÏWife's€attorney.Ìà àà à....Ìà8 àòòAutomobileóó.€€Husband€hereby€agrees€that€all€of€hisÏright,€title,€interest€and€equity€in€the€1991€VolvoÏautomobile,€Identification€NumberÏYV1AA8857M1895240,€shall€be€divested€out€of€him€andÏbe€vested€solely€in€Wife.€€In€lieu€of€paying€forÏWife's€automobile,€Husband€shall€pay€an€additionalÏ$400€per€month€in€alimony€for€one€(1)€year€afterÏthe€house€sells,€and€$200€per€month€thereafter€forÏtwo€and€one„half€years€(2€l/2),€for€a€total€paymentÏof€$10,800.€€This€alimony€shall€terminate€only€uponÏWife's€death.€€Wife€will€be€responsible€for€her€ownÏcar€insurance.Ìà8 àà àHusband€acknowledges€that€he€can€afford€to€makeÏthis€payment€and€that€it€is€for€Wife's€necessaryÏsupport€and€maintenance.€€He€acknowledges€thatÏthese€payments€are€not€dischargeable€in€bankruptcy.ÌÌÌÌÓÓà àThe€decree€also€provided€that€Wife€was€to€receive€a€vestedÏinterest€in€one„half€of€Husband's€Connecticut€Mutual€LifeÏInsurance€Company€XGA„vested€interest€account€and€that€HusbandÏwould€pay€Wife€one„half€of€each€gross€payment€he€received€from€theÏvested€interest€account€until€such€time€as€the€insurance€companyÏbegan€to€make€payments€directly€to€Wife.€€In€addition,€Wife€was€toÏreimburse€Husband€for€any€additional€taxes€Husband€incurredÏbecause€of€Wife's€share€of€the€funds€being€added€to€his€income.ÌÌà àIn€May€1994,€Wife€filed€a€petition€for€contempt€allegingÏthat€Husband€had€failed€and€had€refused€to€pay€alimony€as€orderedÏby€the€court.€€She€alleged€that€he€owed€her€$4,991.27€as€of€2€MayÍ1994€and€that€his€arrearage€was€willful€and€contemptuous.€€WifeÏasked€the€court€to€find€him€guilty€of€both€civil€and€criminalÏcontempt€and€to€have€him€incarcerated.€€She€also€sought€a€judgmentÏfor€the€alimony€arrearage.× ƒ) ××  ×€€In€July€1994,€Husband€answered€andÏfiled€a€counter„petition.€€He€admitted€in€his€answer€that€he€hadÏfailed€to€pay€the€alimony€as€ordered€by€the€court€and€that€hisÏfailure€was€due€to€his€inability€to€comply€with€the€court's€orderÏin€that€there€had€been€a€drastic€change€in€his€financialÏcircumstances€since€the€entrance€of€the€court's€order.€€HeÏadmitted€that€he€owed€the€petitioner€$4,991.27€as€of€2€May€1994,Ïbut€denied€that€his€failure€to€pay€the€alimony€was€willful€andÏcontemptuous€of€the€court.ÌÌà àIn€his€counter„petition,€Husband€alleged€that€there€hadÏbeen€a€material€and€substantial€change€in€his€circumstances€sinceÏthe€entrance€of€the€final€decree,€that€his€income€had€beenÏdrastically€reduced€from€earnings€in€excess€of€$150,000€per€yearÏto€earnings€of€less€than€$30,000€per€year,€and€that€he€hadÏexhausted€his€means€to€comply€with€the€court's€order€includingÏfiling€bankruptcy.€€Wife€denied€that€there€was€a€material€andÍsubstantial€change€in€Husband's€€circumstances.ÌÌà àà àThe€trial€court€found€Husband's€circumstances€hadÏchanged€and€modified€the€alimony€payments€as€follows:€€$1,750€forÏtwenty„four€months€followed€by€$2,500€for€twenty„four€months,€plusÏan€arrearage€amount€of€$17,216.16.€€The€court€also€ordered€HusbandÏto€pay€$2,750€per€month€from€November€1988€until€the€death€orÏremarriage€of€Wife.€€Later,€the€court€decreased€the€arrearageÏamount€to€$16,107.16.€€ÌÌà àThe€first€issue€is€"[d]id€the€trial€court€err€in€itsÏmodification€of€alimony?"€€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€36„5„101(a)(1)€provides€that€the€court€may,€on€the€application€ofÏeither€party,€decree€an€increase€or€decrease€of€alimony€upon€theÏshowing€of€a€substantial€and€material€change€of€circumstances.€€ItÏis€not€sufficient€to€simply€show€a€change€of€circumstances.€ÏInstead,€it€must€be€a€"substantial€and€material€change."€€Tenn.ÏCode€Ann.€ðð€36„5„101(a)(1)(1991).€€In€the€instant€case,€the€trialÏcourt€found€that€"Mr.€Greene's€circumstances€have€changed€somewhatÏsince€the€time€of€the€last€hearing€in€February€and€March€of€1993."€ÏThe€question€then€is€whether€the€change€was€substantial€andÏmaterial.€€"The€change€in€circumstances€must€be€shown€to€haveÏoccurred€after€the€entry€of€the€divorce€decree,€and€must€not€haveÏbeen€foreseeable€at€the€time€the€decree€was€entered€into."€Ïò òòòElliott€v.€Elliottó óóó,€825€S.W.2d€87,€90€(Tenn.€App.€1991).ÌÓÓà8 àWhen€a€decree€has€been€modified€in€regard€toÍalimony,€"the€order€entered€in€that€proceeding€isÏres€judicata,€so€that€one€cannot€maintain€a€secondÏpetition€for€modification€unless€it€can€be€shownÏthat€since€the€entry€of€the€order€on€the€firstÏpetition€for€modification€there€has€been€aÏsubstantial€change€of€circumstances."ÌÌÓÓò òòòJones€v.€Jonesó óóó,€784€S.W.2d€349,€352€(Tenn.€App.€1989)(quoting€24ÏAm.€Jur.€2d€òòDivorce€and€Separationóó€ðð€711€(1983)(footnotesÏomitted)).ÌÌà àHusband€contends€that€there€was€a€substantial€and€materialÏchange€of€circumstances€which€would€warrant€a€reduction€in€alimonyÏpayments€by€the€trial€court.€€We€believe€the€evidence€supportsÏthis€contention.€€Further,€the€record€shows€that,€while€the€trialÏcourt€was€of€the€opinion€that€it€was€granting€Husband€someÏtemporary€relief,€the€modification€actually€increased€Husband'sÏobligation.€ÌÌà àThe€undisputed€evidence€shows€that€Husband€lost€his€jobÏthrough€no€fault€of€his€own.€€His€regional€manager€testified€thatÏhe€did€not€"see€anything€that€Mr.€Greene€was€doing€or€failing€toÏdo€that€led€[him]€to€believe€that€[Mr.€Greene]€simply€wasn'tÏgiving€th[e]€company€an€effort."€€It€was€Wife's€contention€thatÏHusband€voluntary€left€his€position€to€pursue€a€new€career€on€hisÏown;€however,€the€direct€testimony€of€Mr.€Miller€refuted€thatÏcontention.€€There€was€evidence€that€the€insurance€company€wouldÏhave€sought€Husband's€resignation€earlier€if€the€company€had€notÏfelt€that€Mr.€Greene€was€doing€all€he€could€to€make€his€areaÍprofitable.€€The€record€further€showed€that€Husband€went€toÏseveral€"headhunters"€attempting€to€find€comparable€employment;Ïhowever,€he€was€fifty€years€of€age€at€that€time.€€ÌÌà àHusband€had€sought€a€reduction€in€alimony€in€February€1993Ïwhich€the€court€denied.€€His€change€of€circumstances€sinceÏFebruary€1993€was€that€his€alimony€obligation€forced€him€to€borrowÏmoney€and€then€forced€him€into€bankruptcy.€€Because€of€the€natureÏof€his€business€and€his€age,€the€bankruptcy€drastically€impactedÏhis€employability€in€the€insurance€and€financial€planningÏindustry.€€Husband's€inability€to€regain€his€former€level€ofÏincome€and€his€subsequent€bankruptcy€were€not€in€the€contemplationÏof€the€parties€at€the€entry€of€the€final€decree€and€wereÏsubstantial€and€material€changes.ÌÌà àWe€are€of€the€opinion€that€the€evidence€supports€theÏfinding€that€the€change€of€circumstances€was€substantial€andÏmaterial.€€We€are€also€of€the€opinion€that€the€trial€court's€orderÏamounted€to€an€increase€in€Husband's€obligation,€that€the€increaseÏwas€punitive€in€nature,€and€that€the€increase€was€not€supported€byÏa€preponderance€of€the€evidence.€€The€record€supports€a€findingÏthat€Husband€has€made€numerous€efforts€to€increase€his€income.€ÏWhen€the€entire€record€is€taken€into€consideration,€theÏmodification,€as€made€by€the€trial€court,€was€improper€becauseÏHusband€proved€that€his€ability€to€pay€had€decreased€and€WifeÏfailed€to€prove€that€her€need€had€increased.ÌÌà àAfter€full€consideration€of€this€record,€we€hold€that€theÏjudgment€of€the€trial€court€should€be€modified€to€award€WifeÏalimony€of€$2,000€per€month€until€her€remarriage€or€death.€€EachÏyear,€Husband€shall€furnish€a€copy€of€his€tax€return,€as€filedÏwith€the€Internal€Revenue€Service,€to€Wife€and/or€her€attorney.€ÏIn€the€event€there€is€a€change€in€circumstances,€either€party€mayÏpetition€the€court€for€either€an€increase€or€decrease€of€theÏalimony€amount.ÌÌà àWe€have€also€considered€Husband's€contention€that€the€trialÏcourt€erred€in€awarding€Wife€attorney's€fee€of€$3,000.00.€€We€findÏnothing€in€the€record€to€support€this€contention.€€This€issue€isÏwithout€merit.ÌÌà àTherefore,€it€results€that€the€judgment€of€the€trial€courtÏis€affirmed€as€modified€by€this€opinion,€and€the€cause€is€remandedÏto€the€trial€court€for€the€entry€of€an€order€in€conformity€withÏthis€opinion€and€for€any€further€necessary€proceedings.€€Costs€on€Ïappeal€are€taxed€one„half€to€Husband€and€one„half€to€Wife.ÌÌÓÓÌà àà àà àà à__________________________________Ìà àà àà àà àSAMUEL€L.€LEWIS,€JUDGEÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ_________________________________ÌHENRY€F.€TODD,€P.J.,€M.S.ÌÌÌÌ_________________________________ÌBEN€H.€CANTRELL,€J.ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌ