ÿWPC… …# VUNa %¯ 0(µw@Ý4 1 @ 0JH 0T’ 0^æ 0hD 0r¬ 0| 0†š 0 1u° U,% 0dQ U,µ U>á B)DCH AM‹U*Øýv~ÿ B}vÓš D3m 0@  AOàÆ/ 0Dõ D/9 Bh˜HP LaserJet 4Si/4SiMX PS 600dpiPSCRIPTÀÌÀääÀÀÌ0 (ÖÃ9 Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡ ÜÝEÞßDàáâEãäÓ€ðíb¸ 3|xð2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô  ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)< Œ 9p`(ModernP ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(Monaco< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman% Line 7 d7Border 1dd€- Cþÿ << Gÿÿ< Œ 9p`(Arial óÝ ƒ!ÝÔ€ÔÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÔ€"ÔÔ€"ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€"XÔÌÌò òMay€28,€1996ÌÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€"ôÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó óPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'@ dStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑMonacoÑÑ ÑÒ  BA Op Monaco ÒÒ  BA Op Monaco Ò%%%%'ÿÿdxd("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÓ&€X„d&ÓÑ#€Xd#ÑÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ7€F;XXdìdÈ7ÑÌò òà@ àIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEó óÌà@ àò òWESTERN€SECTION€AT€JACKSONÌà àà àà àòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ÌÌóóÌÌWILLIAM€ROY€HARWELL€ANDà à)à àÌALICE€PATRICIA€HARWELL,à àà à)ÌÙ€€ÙßL€!# ;+'h|W+` Å `€€Lßà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àÌà àó óPlaintiffs/Appellants,ò òà àà àà à)à àÌà àà àà àà àà àà à)à à€ó óShelby€Law€No.€51357€€ò òÌvs.à àà àà àà àà àà à)à à€Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)ÌRALEIGH€RIDGE€OWNERS€€€€€€€à à€€€€€à à)à àó óAppeal€No.€Ìò òASSOCIATION,ó ó€ò òINC.,€PEARSONó óà àò ò)à àó ó02A01„9411„CH„00261ò òÌBROTHERS€CRANE€and€ABCà àà à)ÌMANUFACTURER,à àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìó óà àDefendant/Appellees.à àò òà àà à)à àÌó óòòÌóóò òÌ€€€ÌÌÌà@ àó óAPPEAL€FROM€THE€CIRCUIT€COURT€OF€SHELBY€COUNTYÌà@ àAT€MEMPHIS,€TENNESSEEÌÌÌÌà@ àTHE€HONORABLE€GEORGE€H.€BROWN,€JUDGEÌòòÌÌÌFor€the€Plaintiffs/Appellantsóó:òòà àà àà àFor€the€Defendants/AppelleesÌóóIra€M.€Thomas€€€€à àà àà àà àJ.€Kimbrough€JohnsonÌMemphis,€Tennesseeà àà àà àà àMemphis,€TennesseeÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ÌÌò òÌÌÌà@ à€€€€€€€€AFFIRMED€ÌÌÌÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àó óHOLLY€KIRBY€LILLARD,€JUDGEÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌòòÌóóW.€FRANK€CRAWFORD,€P.J.,€W.S.ÌÌÌHEWITT€P.€TOMLIN,€JR.,€SR.€J.ÇØØÙ  ÙÑ  ÑÓÓÑ7€F;XXdìXXdì7Ñà àThis›€is€a€negligence€case€brought€by€William€Harwell€(Harwell)€and€his€wife€againstÏRaleigh€Ridge€Owners€Association€(RROA)€and€two€other€defendants€not€involved€in€this€appeal.€ÏHarwell€appeals€the€trial€courtððs€œgrant€of›€summary€judgment€to€RROA.€€We€affirm€the€trial€court.€€Ìà àOn€February€1,€1992,€Harwell€sustained€personal€injuries€while€replacing€a€light€on€the€topÏof€a€creosote€telephone€œpole€located€in€Raleigh€Ridge€Park.›€€The€pole€broke€and€fell,€resulting€inÏHarwellððs€injuries.€€œ€Harwell€filed›€the€œComplaint›€in€the€instant€case€against€€RROA.€€Ìà àHarwell€owned€a€home€in€Raleigh€Ridge€Park€and€was€a€member€of€RROA.€€In€1992,€heÏwas€a€member€of€RROAððs€Board€of€Directors.€€Harwell€is€a€licensed€electrician€with€more€thanÏthirty€yearsðð€experience.€€œDue›€to€an€injury,€œhowever,€he›€had€not€climbed€poles€as€part€of€hisÏemployment€duties€since€1972.€€Ìà àThe€pole€in€question€was€in€one€of€the€recreational€common€areas€within€the€subdivisionÏmaintained€by€RROA.€€Because€of€his€vocation,€Harwell€at€times€had€assisted€RROA€withÏelectrical€matters.€€In€fact,€Harwell€had€helped€install€the€pole€and€light€at€issue€sometime€in€theÏearly€1980's.Ìà àOn€January€30,€1992,€the€president€of€RROA€contacted€Harwell,€told€him€the€light€on€theÏpole€was€out,€and€asked€for€assistance.€€Harwell€agreed€to€help.€€Harwell€œclimbed›€up€the€creosoteÏpole,€determined€the€ballast€was€out,€and€recommended€replacing€the€light€completely€due€to€itsÏage,€to€which€RROAððs€president€agreed.€€Ìà àOn€Saturday,€February€1,€1992,€Harwell€attempted€to€replace€the€light.€€He€climbed€theÏpole€two€times€that€morning€in€order€to€replace€the€light.€€When€Harwell€went€up€the€pole€a€thirdÏtime,€the€pole€broke€at€or€just€below€ground€level,€resulting€in€a€fall€which€crushed€œHarwellððs›€feetÏand€seriously€injured€his€knees.€Ìà àIn€the€suit€which€followed,€the€trial€court€granted€RROAððs€œMotion›€œfor€Summary€Judgment.€ÏHarwell€attached€five€depositions,€including€his€own,€to€his€memorandum€in€opposition€toÏRROAððs€Motion›€œfor€Summary€Judgment,€but€these€were€not€filed€with€the€clerk€of€the€trial€court.€ÏTherefore,€they€are€not€a€part€of€the€record€before€this€Court.€€Harwell€now€appeals€the€granting€ofÏsummary€judgment€in€favor€of€RROA.€€Harwell€argues€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€grantingÍsummary€judgment€to€RROA€because€there€is€a€genuine€issue€of€material€fact€regarding€RROAððsÏduty›€to€inspect€the€creosote€pole€and€warn€Harwell€of€its€latent€defect.ÌÌà àA€trial€court€should€grant€a€œMotion›€for€summary€judgment€when€the€movant€demonstratesÏthere€are€no€genuine€issues€of€material€fact€and€that€the€moving€party€is€entitled€to€judgment€as€aÏmatter€of€law.€€œTenn.R.Civ.P.€56.03.›€€The€party€moving€for€summary€judgment€bears€the€burdenÏof€demonstrating€that€no€genuine€issue€of€material€fact€exists.€€ò òòòByrd€v.€Hallóóó ó,€847€S.W.2d€208,Ï210€(Tenn.€1993).€€On€a€motion€for€summary€judgment,€the€trial€court€and€the€appellate€court€mustÏtake€the€strongest€legitimate€view€of€the€evidence€in€favor€of€the€nonmoving€party,€allow€allÏreasonable€inferences€in€favor€of€that€œparty,›€and€discard€all€countervailing€evidence.€€œòòò òId.€ó óóóat›€œ210„11.›€€In€ò òòòByrdó óóó,€the€Court€stated:ÌÓÓà8 àœOnce›€it€is€shown€by€the€moving€party€that€there€is€no€genuine€issue€of€material€fact,Ïthe€nonmoving€party€must€then€demonstrate,€by€affidavits€or€discovery€materials,Ïthat€there€is€a€genuine,€material€fact€dispute€to€warrant€a€trial.€€In€this€regard,€RuleÏ56.05€provides€that€œthe›€nonmoving€party€cannot€simply€rely€upon€his€pleadings€butÏmust€set€forth€òòò òspecific€factsó óóó€showing€that€there€is€a€genuine€issue€of€material€factÏfor€trial.€€ð ðIf€he€does€not€so€respond,€summary€judgment€.€.€.€shall€be€enteredÏagainst€him.ððÌÌÓÓò òòòœId.€ó óóóat€211òòò ò›€ó óóó(citations€omitted).€€Summary€judgment€is€only€appropriate€when€the€case€can€beÏdecided€on€the€legal€issues€alone.€€ò òòòId.óóó ó€œat›€210.€€Since€only€questions€of€law€are€involved,€there€isÏno€presumption€of€correctness€regarding€a€trial€courtððs€œgrant›€of€summary€judgment.€€ò òòòJohnson€v.ÏEMPE,€Inc.ó óóó,€837€S.W.2d€œ62,€68›€(Tenn.€App.€1992).€€Review€of€the€œentry›€of€summaryÏjudgment€is,€therefore,ò òòò€de€novoó óóó,€on€the€record€before€this€Court.Ìà àTo€prevail€in€a€negligence€claim,€a€plaintiff€must€show€(1)€that€the€defendant€owed€him€aÏduty,€(2)€that€the€defendant€breached€that€duty,€and€(3)€that€the€breach€of€that€duty€proximatelyÏcaused€the€plaintiffððs€injury.€€€ò òòòBenson€v.€H.G.€Hill€Storesó óóó,€699€S.W.2d€560,€562€(Tenn.ÏApp.€1985).€€The€defendant€must€have€had€either€actual€or€constructive€notice€of€the€conditionÏgiving€rise€to€liability.€€ò òòòTedder€v.€Raskinó óóó,€728€S.W.2d€343,€348€(Tenn.€App.€1987).€€If€theÏplaintiff€fails€to€prove€the€existence€of€a€genuine€issue€of€material€fact€as€to€any€single€element€inÍthe€cause€of€action€for€negligence,€then€summary€judgment€in€favor€of€the€defendant€is€appropriate.€Ïò òòòId.ó óóó€at€349.Ìà àGenerally,€a€landowner€œowes›€a€duty€to€those€on€his€land.€€œò òòòSee€Goodman›€v.€MemphisÏPark€Commððnó óóó,€851€S.W.2d€165,€166€(Tenn.€App.€1992).€€This€duty€has€been€described€asÏfollows:ÌÓÓà8 àà àPossessors€of€property€and€those€acting€on€their€behalf€owe€a€Ìà àduty€of€reasonable€care€to€patrons€and€invitees.€€This€duty€includes€(1)Ìà àthe€duty€to€maintain€the€premises€in€a€œreasonably›€safe€condition;€(2)€theÌà àduty€to€inspect€the€premises€to€discover€dangerous€conditions€reasonably€Ìà àrecognizable€by€common€experience€and€ordinary€prudence;€and€(3)€theÌà àduty€either€to€remove€or€to€warn€of€the€dangerous€condition€the€possessorÌà àœknows›€or€should€reasonably€know€about.à8 àÌÌÓÓò òòòœSmith›€v.€Inman€Realty€Co.ó óóó,€846€S.W.2d€œ819,€823›€(Tenn.€App.€1992)€(citations€omitted).€€AÏlandowner€has€an€affirmative€duty€to€warn€of€latent€dangers.€€ò òòòEaton€v.€œMcLainóóó ó,€891€S.W.2dÏ587,€593„94€(Tenn.€1994).›€€This€duty€only€applies€to€those€latent€dangers€of€which€a€landownerÏeither€is€aware€or€should€be€aware€ð ðthrough€the€exercise€of€reasonable€diligence.ðð€œò òòòIdó ó.ó󛀜at€594.€€In›Ïthe€instant€case,€RROA€argues€that€Harwell€had€a€ð ðdual€œroleðð›€since€he€was€one€of€the€owners€butÏwas€also€asked€to€assist€RROA€in€replacing€the€light€on€top€of€the€pole.Ìà àOn€appeal,€Harwell€points€to€two€cases€from€other€jurisdictions,€ò òòòThompson„WeinmanÏ&€Co.€œv.›€Brockó óóó,€241€S.E.2d€279€(Ga.€App.€1977),€andò òòò€Gifford€v.€Four„County€Elec.ÏPower€Assððnó óóó,€615€œSo.€2d›€1166€(Miss.€1992),€which€find€a€duty€on€the€part€of€landowners€toÏinspect€creosote€poles.€€In€both€of€those€cases,€the€existence€of€a€duty€to€inspect€the€poles€wasÏestablished€through€expert€testimony.€€Such€evidence€is€not€present€in€the€record€before€this€Court.Ìà àThe€record€before€this€Court€contains€no€evidence€that€RROA€knew€or€should€have€€Ïknown€of€the€defect€in€the€creosote€pole.€€The€appellant€bears€the€burden€of€preparing€an€adequateÏrecord€for€review€on€appeal.€€œT.R.A.P.›€24(b);€ò òòòState€v.€Ballardó óóó,€855€S.W.2d€557,€560€(Tenn.Ï1993).€€If€evidence€establishing€a€genuine€issue€of€material€fact€as€to€RROAððs€duty€to€inspect€andÏwarn€was€presented€to€the€trial€court,€it€is€not€in€the€record€before€this€Court.€Consequently,€theÏtrial€courtððs€œentry›€of€summary€judgment€in€favor€of€RROA€must€be€affirmed.€Ìà àThe€order€of€the€trial€court€granting€summary€judgment€is€hereby€affirmed.€œ€€Costs€onÏappeal€are€taxed€to€the€Appellant,€for€which€execution€may€issue€if€necessary.€›€œÌÌÓÓà àà àà àà àà àà àòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àò òóóHOLLY€KIRBY€LILLARD,€J.ÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ÌóóW.€FRANK€CRAWFORD,€P.J.,€W.S.ÌÌòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÌHEWITT€P.€TOMLIN,€JR.,€SR.J.ó ó›