ÿWPCè 3# ÚUNå %3 0G9U:€w@º4úL%qU:y 0J³ 0Tý 0^Q 0h¯ 0r 0|‰ 0† 0‹ 1u 0d 0@ô D34 Bg U>„ U* B)ì DC AQX Æ© 0Do 0D³ D/÷ B& AMC  v~—vÓ˜HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLàÏ(ÈhH  Z 6Times New Roman RegularX('\$¡¡Ô€XåÙXXMXÔ,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular cîdUefgggijÓ€vwx§aö"3|xxC:\OFFICE\WPWIN\TEMPLATE\STANDARD.WPT¿"Arial Regular2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò""""'ÿÿdxd d< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman< Œ 9p`(Arial% Line 7 d''''7Border 1dd*+ ,-Cþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó..'÷ÿ dxdüÿP Pd* (Cþÿ << Gÿÿ ýÝ ƒ!ÝÔ€%ÔÔ€&ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ+"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€&ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€&XÔÌÌò òSeptember€4,€1997ÌÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€&ôÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó óPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'hStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€%ÔÔ€&ÔÝ  ÝÑ\R AØ'\ÑÓ  ÓÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ7€ìÏXXdðXXdð7Ñ›Þ ÞÌà@ àò òIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌà@ àWESTERN€SECTION€AT€JACKSONÌÌÌROLAND€HAYES,à àà àà àà à)€€Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àó óPlaintiff/Appellant,à àà àò ò)€Shelby€Circuit€No.€36853€T.D.€&Ï72286€T.D.Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)ÌVS.à àà àà àà àà àà à)€Appeal€No.€02A01„9610„CV„00251Ìœ›à àà àà àà àà àà à)ÌJOHN€DOE€and€SHELTERà àà à)ÌINSURANCE€COMPANY,à àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àó óDefendants/Appellees.à àò ò)ó óÌÌÌà@ àAPPEAL€FROM€THE€CIRCUIT€COURT€OF€SHELBY€COUNTYÌà@ àAT€MEMPHIS,€TENNESSEEÌà@ àTHE€HONORABLE€GEORGE€H.€BROWN,€JR.,€JUDGE̜ـ*ÙßR€/0(A1-j|ý6` Å `€€@ÿRß›ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌò òRITA€L.€STOTTSó óÌMemphis,€TennesseeÌAttorney€for€AppellantÌÌÌÌò òJAMES€E.€CONLEY,€JR.ÌTHOMASON,€HENDRIX,€HARVEY,€ó óÌò òJOHNSON€&€MITCHELLó óÌAttorney€for€Appellee,€Shelter€Insurance€CompanyÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌò òAFFIRMEDÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌó óà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àò òALAN€E.€HIGHERS,€J.ÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌW.€FRANK€CRAWFORD,€P.J.,€W.S.ÌÌDAVID€R.€FARMER,€J.ó óà àœÌÓÓà àIn›€this€automobile€accident€case,€Roland€Hayes€(ð ðPlaintiffðð)€filed€suit€againstÏJohn€Ñ7€ Y< XXdðXXdð7ÑDoe€(ð ðDoeðð)€for€œdamages€sustained›€when€Plaintiff€was€forced€to€drive€off€the€roadÏinto€a€tree€in€order€to€avoid€a€head„on€collision€with€Doeððs€vehicle.€€Plaintiff€filed€aÏsecond€suit€against€Shelter€Insurance€Company€(ð ðDefendantðð)€for€Defendantððs€allegedÏœbad€faith€failure›€to€pay€Plaintiffððs€œuninsured€motorist€claim›€under€the€insurance€contractÏexisting€between€Plaintiff€and€Defendant.€€The€trial€court€later€consolidated€PlaintiffððsÏnegligence€suit€against€Doe€with€œPlaintiffððs€bad€faith›€suit€against€the€Defendant.€€AfterÏthe€parties€stipulated€that€the€œDefendant›€paid€Plaintiff€œ$11,262.89›€œprior€to€trial€and›€afterÏthe€jury€returned€a€verdict€of€œ$2,337›€in€favor€of€Plaintiff€on€Plaintiffððs€negligence€claimÏagainst€œDoe,›€the€trial€court€held€that€Plaintiff€should€recover€nothing€from€theÏDefendant€in€accordance€with€the€juryððs€verdict.ò ò€€ó óPlaintiff€appeals€the€judgment€of€theÏtrial€court€arguing€that€the€trial€court€erred€œin€consolidating€Plaintiffððs€negligence€actionÏagainst€Doe€with€Plaintiffððs€bad€faith€action€against€the€Defendant€and€in›€refusing€toÏgrant€Plaintiff€an€additur€or€a€new€œtrial.›€€For€the€reasons€stated€hereafter,€we€affirm€theÏjudgment€of€the€trial€court.ÌÌà@ àò òFACTSó óÌÌà àOn€January€4,€1990€at€approximately€7:00€p.m.,€Plaintiff€was€driving€east€onÏSimmons€Road,€a€two„lane€road.€€œAs›€Plaintiff€œproceeded€along›€the€road,€PlaintiffÏnoticed€an€unidentified€car€traveling€west€on€Simmons€Road€which€had€its€œlights€onÏhigh›€œbeam›€and€was€swerving.€€œThe›€unidentified€car€crossed€the€double€line€in€the€roadÏand€forced€Plaintiff€to€swerve€right€œin€order€to›€avoid€a€head„on€collision.€€œPlaintiff›Ïswerved,€struck€a€tree€and€was€injured.€ÌÌà àPlaintiff€filed€a€negligence€action€in€circuit€court€against€œDoe,›€the€unknownÏdriver,€and€Plaintiff€filed€œa€second€action›€in€chancery€court€against€œthe€Defendant,Ïalleging›€the€œDefendantððs›€bad€faith€refusal€to€pay€Plaintiffððs€œunisured€motorist€claim.›€ÏThese€cases€were€later€consolidated€and€transferred€to€circuit€court.€ÌÌà àThe€parties€stipulated€that€œthe€Defendant›€was€Plaintiffððs€uninsured€motoristÏcarrier€on€January€4,€œ1990,€the€day€of€the€accident,›€and€that€œthe€Defendant›€paidÏPlaintiff€$11,262.89€prior€to€trial.€ÌÌà àAt€trial,€two€eyewitnesses€testified€that€they€saw€the€unknown€driver€swerve€inÏfront€of€Plaintiffððs€vehicle,€forcing€Plaintiff€off€the€road€and€into€a€tree.€œ›ÌÌà àDr.€John€Howser,€a€neurosurgeon,œ€first€examined›€the€Plaintiff€on€May€18,€1983Íafter€Plaintiff€had€been€involved€in€a€car€accident€œwherein›€Plaintiff€was€forced€off€theÏroad€œand€into›€a€ditch.€€œSuffering›€from€black„outs,€dizziness,€headaches,€neck€and€lowÏback€pain,€œPlaintiff€was€treated€by€Dr.€Howser.€€Dr.›€Howser€œopined›€œthat€Plaintiff›€œwas›Ïœpossibly›€œsuffering€from€a€ruptured›€disk.€€ÌÌà àDr.€Howser€œnext€saw›€Plaintiff€on€May€21,€1986€after€Plaintiff€had€been€involvedÏœin€another›€automobile€œaccident€in€which€his€head€hit€the€windshield€and€he€was€jerkedÏaround€in€the€car.›€€œPlaintiff›€complained€of€neck€œpain,€low€back€pain€and€headaches€asÏa€result€of€this€accident.€€Dr.€Howser€diagnosed€Plaintiff€as€having€cervical€lumbarÏstrain€and€opined€that€Plaintiff€possibly€had€a€central€ruptured€disk.€€Plaintiff€visited€Dr.ÏHowser€again€on€September€14,€1987€whereupon€Plaintiff€was€experiencing€no€painÏand€was€doing€well.€€ÌÌà àAfter€the€January€4,€1990€car€accident,€Plaintiff€returned€to€Dr.€Howser€onÏJanuary€9,€1990€complaining€of€neck€pain,€back€pain€and€headaches.€€Plaintiff€againÏvisited€Dr.€Howser€on€January€16,€1990,€July€18,€1990,€April€18,€1991,€and€on€OctoberÏ1,€1991.€€As€a€result€of€Plaintiffððs€January€4,€1990€accident,€Dr.€Howser€opined€thatÏPlaintiff€was€possibly€suffering€from€a€ruptured€disk.€ÌÌà àAfter€being€mugged,€struck€in€the€head,€and€knocked€unconscious€onÏDecember€24,€1991,€Plaintiff€again€visited€Dr.€Howser.€€Dr.€Howser€saw€Plaintiff€inÏFebruary,€March€and€April€1992.€ÌÌà àAlthough€Dr.€Howser€opined€that€Plaintiff€was€possibly€suffering€from€a€rupturedÏdisk,€none€of€Dr.€Howserððs€tests€confirmed€the€existence€of€a€ruptured€disk.€ÌÌà àAccording€to€Plaintiffððs€testimony,€Plaintiff€was€treated€in€1979€by€Dr.€Horn€forÏhead€and€neck€injuries€after€Plaintiff€was€involved€in€an€automobile€accident.€€PlaintiffÏwas€involved€in€other€automobile€accidents€in€1981,€1982,€1983,€and€in€1985€or€1986.€ÏIn€Plaintiffððs€1982€car€accident,€Plaintiff€was€a€passenger€in€a€car€which€landed€in€aÏditch€and€hit€a€tree.€€Plaintiff€filed€suit€and€collected€a€judgment€for€his€injuriesÏsustained€in€the€1983€car€accident.€€As€a€result€of€the€1985€automobile€accident,ÏPlaintiff€experienced€severe€neck€pain,€back€pain€and€headaches.€€In€1986,€PlaintiffÏwas€attacked€by€the€police.€€€ÌÌà àPlaintiff€pled€guilty€to€leaving€the€scene€of€an€accident€which€occurred€on€May€4,Ï1990.€€In€October€1990,€Plaintiff€had€another€car€accident€on€Simmons€Road€whereinÏPlaintiffððs€tire€blew€out.€€Plaintiff€suffered€neck€pain,€back€pain€and€headaches€as€aÏresult€of€the€October€1990€accident.€ÌÌà àOther€insurance€policies€Plaintiff€had€in€effect€at€the€time€of€the€January€4,€1990Ïaccident€in€addition€to€the€policy€Plaintiff€had€in€effect€with€the€Defendant€include:€anÏinsurance€policy€with€Mutual€of€Omaha€issued€on€December€26,€1989,€an€insuranceÏpolicy€with€Associated€Doctorððs€Health€issued€on€November€30,€1989,€an€insuranceÏpolicy€with€National€Home€Life€issued€on€December€11,€1989€and€a€disability€policyÏwith€Monumental€General€Insurance€Group.€ÌÌà àAccording€to€the€testimony€of€Marie€Cornelius,€an€administrator€of€medicalÏinsurance€€employed€by€the€Steam€Fitters€Local€Union€and€Welfare€Fund€(ð ðSteamÏFittersðð),€Plaintiffððs€insurance€with€Steam€Fitters€went€into€effect€on€January€1,€1990.€ÏPlaintiff€filed€a€claim€with€Steam€Fitters€after€his€January€4,€1990€accident.€€PlaintiffÏfiled€another€claim€after€being€hit€by€an€unidentified€object€in€July€1990.€€Another€claimÏwas€filed€by€Plaintiff€in€October€1990€after€Plaintiff€was€involved€in€a€car€accident.€ÏPlaintiff€filed€additional€claims€in€March€1991,€May€1991,€August€1991,€and€SeptemberÏ1991€for€injuries€resulting€from€falling€off€a€horse.€€In€October€1991,€Plaintiffððs€footÏslipped€out€from€under€him€as€he€was€changing€a€tire,€and€he€filed€another€claim.€ÏPlaintiff€filed€a€claim€in€December€1991€after€being€attacked€and€beaten.€€OnÏNovember€16,€1992,€Plaintiff€filed€a€claim€for€a€sprained€neck.€€On€November€19,€1992,ÏPlaintiff€filed€a€claim€for€contusion€of€the€face€and€skull.€€ÌÌà àAccording€to€the€testimony€of€Dr.€Richard€Ennis,€an€orthopaedic€surgeon,€Dr.ÏEnnis€first€saw€Plaintiff€during€the€mid„1980's€for€a€back€injury€resulting€from€anÏautomobile€accident.€€Dr.€Ennis€treated€Plaintiff€for€a€period€of€time€following€thisÏaccident,€and€Plaintiffððs€back€finally€healed.€€Dr.€Ennis€saw€Plaintiff€again€on€OctoberÏ18,€1988€after€Plaintiff€had€been€involved€in€an€automobile€accident€on€October€9,Ï1988€wherein€Plaintiff€was€a€front€seat€passenger€in€a€car€which€was€forced€to€swerveÏin€order€to€avoid€a€head„on€collision€with€another€car.€€The€car€in€which€Plaintiff€wasÏriding€struck€a€tree.€€€Complaining€of€headaches,€neck€pain,€shoulder€pain€and€lowerÏback€pain,€Plaintiff€was€diagnosed€as€having€neck€and€low€back€strain.€ÌÌà àOn€January€29,€1990,€Dr.€Ennis€treated€Plaintiff€for€injuries€resulting€from€hisÏJanuary€4,€1990€car€accident€and€diagnosed€Plaintiff€as€having€acute€cervical€strainÏand€acute€lumbar€strain.€€Dr.€Ennis€saw€Plaintiff€again€on€March€12,€1990€whereuponÏPlaintiff€still€had€some€neck€pain,€but€his€back€was€much€better.€€Dr.€Ennis€stated€thatÏthere€was€no€evidence€indicating€that€Plaintiff€had€suffered€a€serious€injury€as€a€resultÏof€his€January€4,€1990€car€accident€and€no€evidence€indicating€that€Plaintiff€had€aÏruptured€disk€due€to€this€accident.€ÌÌà àDr.€Ennis€next€treated€Plaintiff€in€July€1991€for€injuries€resulting€from€PlaintiffððsÏfall€from€a€horse.€€Complaining€of€injuries€to€his€back€and€neck,€Plaintiff€was€treated€byÏDr.€Ennis€from€July€through€November€1991€for€injuries€resulting€from€his€fall€off€aÏhorse.€€Dr.€Ennis€opined€that€when€he€saw€Plaintiff€in€July€1991,€Plaintiff€had€fullyÏrecovered€from€his€car€accident€which€occurred€on€January€4,€1990.€€Dr.€Ennis€opinedÏthat€Plaintiff€suffered€no€permanent€impairment€as€a€result€of€his€January€4,€1990Ïautomobile€accident.€€€ÌÌà àAfter€examining€Plaintiff€on€April€20,€1994,€Dr.€James€Rodney€Feild,€aÏneurosurgeon,€stated€that€Plaintiff€had€no€significant€back€problems,€that€Plaintiff€hadÏno€disability€resulting€from€his€January€4,€1990€car€accident€and€that€Plaintiff€neededÏno€further€treatment.€€Dr.€Feild€opined€that€Plaintiff€sustained€a€sprained€back€as€aÏresult€of€the€January€4,€1990€car€accident,€that€Plaintiff€should€have€been€off€work€forÏforty„eight€hours,€and€that€Plaintiff€required€no€additional€treatment€after€forty„eightÍhours€of€rest€from€work.€It€was€also€Dr.€Feildððs€opinion€that€Plaintiff€did€not€have€aÏruptured€disk€and€that€Plaintiff€falsified€his€clinical€examination€and€symptoms.€€UponÏreviewing€a€CAT€scan€of€Plaintiffððs€lumbar€spine,€Dr.€Feild€stated€that€there€was€noÏevidence€of€disk€herniation€or€abnormality.€€None€of€Plaintiffððs€tests€revealed€any€signÏof€a€ruptured€disk€or€nerve€impingement€which€could€cause€pain.€ÌÌà@ àò òLAWó óÌÌà àThe€three€issues€raised€on€appeal€are€as€follows:Ìà à1)€Whether€the€trial€court€erred€in€consolidating€Plaintiffððs€negligence€action€withÏPlaintiffððs€bad€faith€action;Ìà à€2)€Whether€material€evidence€exists€to€support€the€juryððs€verdict;€andÌà à3)€Whether€the€trial€court€erred€in€refusing€to€grant€Plaintiff€an€additur€or€a€newÏtrial.€Ìà à€Ìà àPlaintiff€argues€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€consolidating€Plaintiffððs€negligenceÏaction€with€Plaintiffððs€bad€faith€action.€€Plaintiff,€however,€has€produced€no€evidenceÏindicating€that€Plaintiff€objected€to€the€trial€courtððs€consolidation€of€the€two€actions.€€InÏabsence€of€such€evidence,€Plaintiff€has€waived€his€right€to€raise€this€as€an€issue€onÏappeal.€€òòEhrlich€v.€Weberóó,€88€S.W.€188,€189€(Tenn.€1905);€€òòHarwell€v.€Waltonóó,€820ÏS.W.2d€116,€119„20€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1991);€òòWright€v.€United€Services€Auto.€Assððnóó,€789ÏS.W.2d€911,€914€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1990);€òòDement€v.€Kittsóó,€777€S.W.2d€33,€35€(Tenn.€Ct.ÏApp.€1989);€òòYarbrough€v.€Stilesóó,€717€S.W.2d€886,€887„88€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1986);€òòPyleÍv.€Morrisonóó,€716€S.W.2d€930,€936€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1986);€òòBaxter€v.€Vandenheovalóó,€686ÏS.W.2d€908,€911€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1984).ÌÌà àReview€of€findings€of€fact€by€the€trial€court€in€civil€actions€shall€be€òòde€novoóó€uponÏthe€record€of€the€trial€court,€accompanied€by€a€presumption€of€the€correctness€of€theÏfinding,€unless€the€preponderance€of€the€evidence€is€otherwise.€€T.R.A.P.€13(d).€ÏFindings€of€fact€by€a€jury€in€civil€actions€shall€be€set€aside€only€if€there€is€no€materialÏevidence€to€support€the€verdict.€€T.R.A.P.€13(d).€€In€the€instant€case,€Dr.€Ennis€testifiedÏthat€there€was€no€evidence€indicating€that€Plaintiff€had€suffered€a€serious€injury€as€aÏresult€of€the€January€4,€1990€car€accident€and€no€evidence€indicating€that€Plaintiff€hadÏa€ruptured€disk€due€to€the€accident.€€€€Dr.€Ennis€opined€that€Plaintiff€suffered€noÏpermanent€impairment€as€a€result€of€the€January€4,€1990€automobile€accident€and€thatÏPlaintiff€had€fully€recovered€from€any€and€all€injuries€which€he€incurred€due€to€theÏaccident€when€Dr.€Ennis€examined€Plaintiff€in€July€1991.€€€In€addition,€Dr.€Feild€testifiedÏthat€Plaintiff€sustained€a€sprained€back€as€a€result€of€the€January€4,€1990€car€accident,Ïthat€Plaintiff€should€have€been€off€work€for€forty„eight€hours€after€the€accident,€and€thatÏPlaintiff€required€no€additional€treatment€after€forty„eight€hours€of€rest€from€work.€€Dr.ÏFeild€opined€that€Plaintiff€incurred€no€disability€from€the€January€4,€1990€car€accident,Ïthat€Plaintiff€had€no€significant€back€problems,€and€that€Plaintiff€needed€no€furtherÏtreatment.€€Dr.€Feild€further€opined€that€Plaintiff€did€not€have€a€ruptured€disk€and€thatÏPlaintiff€falsified€his€clinical€examination€and€symptoms.€€Upon€reviewing€a€CAT€scanÏof€Plaintiffððs€lumbar€spine,€Dr.€Feild€stated€that€there€was€no€evidence€of€diskÏherniation€or€abnormality.€€None€of€Plaintiffððs€tests€revealed€any€sign€of€a€ruptured€diskÍor€nerve€impingement€which€could€cause€pain.€€Based€on€the€foregoing€testimony,Ïthere€is€material€evidence€indicating€that€Plaintiff€did€not€suffer€a€serious€injury€as€aÏresult€of€the€January€4,€1990€automobile€accident,€that€Plaintiff€did€not€incur€a€rupturedÏdisk€due€to€this€accident,€and€that€Plaintiff€suffered€no€permanent€physical€impairmentÏwhich€was€caused€by€the€accident.€€We,€therefore,€affirm€the€juryððs€verdict€whichÏawarded€Plaintiff€$2,337.€€ÌÌà àBecause€of€our€disposition€of€the€foregoing€issue,€it€is€not€necessary€to€addressÏthe€final€issue€raised€on€appeal.ÌÌà àThe€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€hereby€affirmed.€€Costs€on€appeal€are€taxed€toÏAppellant€for€which€execution€may€issue€if€necessary.ÌÌÌÓÓà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àHIGHERS,€J.ÌÌÌÌòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÌCRAWFORD,€P.J.,€W.S.ÌÌÌÌòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÌFARMER,€J.