WPC # VUNa % 0(U:w@ 4W k z 0J 0T 0^ 0h~ 0r 0|X 0 0Z 1u U,_ 0d U, U>U *YB)DC AM< B<v~Yv D3 0@ AOl 0D2 D/v BHP LaserJet 4Si/4SiMX PS 600dpiPSCRIPT0 (9 Z 6Times New Roman RegularX($,cAZ"Arial Regular KLDMUNDOUPUQgRSӀ_yJ ;3|x_2 0Indent123  2" 0Indent20 23  2, 0Indent30 0 23  26 0Indent40 0 0 23  2@ 0Indent50 0 0 0 23  2J 0Indent60 0 0 0 0 23  2T 0Indent70 0 0 0 0 0 23  2^ 0Indent80 0 0 0 0 0 0 23    ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)<  9p`(ModernP 8Mac DefaultMac Default ` X<  9p`(Monaco<  9p`(&Times New Roman<  9p`(Arial% Line 7 d!!!!7Border 1dd-"C << G !       YYY FILED X August16,1996CecilCrowson,Jr. AppellateCourtClerk  dPtPtHH(FG(HH(d'`Styl{WP}01  HH  2$HH  Geneva  <Px443!#4$*$$*$ KK  Geneva  Geneva .,6 Monaco   BA Op Monaco  BA Op Monaco %%%%'dxd("$    -C<< CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$   1  ' dxdP Pd ! . &Xd&#Xd#  \RA'\   \RA'\7vnXXdd7@ INTHECOURTOFAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE@ WESTERNSECTIONATJACKSONACHSAHORNE,    )      )  Plaintiff/Appellant,  )WeakleyChanceryNo.12830      )VS.      )AppealNo.02A019509CH00201L#$";+'h|+`  `L      )FRANKWARMATHandwife,  )THERESAWARMATH,   )      )  Defendants/Appellees. ) @ APPEALFROMTHECHANCERYCOURTOFWEAKLEYCOUNTY@ ATDRESDEN,TENNESSEE@ THEHONORABLEDAVIDG.HAYES,JUDGE H.MAXSPEIGHT Martin,TennesseeAttorneyforPlaintiff/Appellant MARKF.GALLIENMARKF.GALLIEN,P.C. Martin,TennesseeAttorneyforDefendants/Appellees AFFIRMED          ALANE.HIGHERS,J.CONCUR:HOLLYKIRBYLILLARD,J.HEWITTP.TOMLIN,JR.,SR.J.   thetrialcourtheldthatdefendantsacquiredtitletothe7]XXdXXd7subjectpropertybyadversepossession.Plaintiffhasappealedandarguesthattheevidencepreponderatesagainstthetrialcourtsdeterminationinthisregard.Wefindplaintiffscontentionstobewithoutmerit;therefore,weaffirmthejudgmentofthetrialcourt. Plaintiff,AchsaHorne,broughtthispetitionagainstdefendants,FrankandϜTheresaWarmath,toestablishtheboundarylineofherproperty.Thepropertyindisputeisatwentyortwentytwofootstripoflandlocatedontheeastsideofplaintiffsproperty. Thefollowingfactsareundisputed.Plaintiffreceivedtitletothedisputedstripoflandthroughadeedthathasbeenofrecordsince1936.TheWarmathsdeed,whichhasbeenofrecordsince1952,alsoincludesthedisputedstripoflandinitspropertydescription.Since1952,theWarmathshavetreatedthelandastheirown.Forapproximatelyfortytwoyears,theWarmathshavepaidtaxesontheproperty,mowedthegrassontheproperty,andmaintainedagardenontheproperty.Additionally,theWarmathshaveplacedvariousstructuresonthepropertythroughtheyears,includingafence,twostoragesheds,andadoghouse. Plaintiffstatedthatduringthe60yearsthatshehasresidedonthepropertyadjacenttotheWarmathsproperty,sheneitherknewnorcaredwhereherpropertylineswerelocated.ShetestifiedthattheWarmathsneversoughtherpermissiontousethedisputedstripofland,thatshehadnevergiventhemherpermissiontousesuchland,andthatshehadneverobjectedtotheiruseoftheland. Bothofthepartieshiredasurveyortoascertainthelocationoftheirrespectiveboundarylines.Plaintiffssurveyor,RobertL.Nichols,concludedthattheWarmathshadencroachedupontheplaintiffsproperty.Heconceded,however,thatitwasapparentthattheWarmathshadusedthedisputedstripaspartoftheiryardforsometime.TheWarmathssurveyorwasJimCrocker,whoalsotestifiedthattheWarmathshadusedthedisputedproperty. Followingahearing,thetrialcourtfoundthattheWarmathsderivedcoloroftitlefromtheirwarrantydeedrecordedin1952,andthattheirpossessionofthelandinquestionhadbeenactual,visible,andexclusive.Accordingly,thetrialcourtheldthattheWarmathshadestablishedtitletothepropertybyadversepossession.ϜAdditionally,thetrialcourtfoundthattheCrockersurveyaccuratelyestablishedtheboundarylinebetweentheparties. Ourreviewofthetrialcourtsfindingsoffactinthismatteraredenovoupontherecord,accompaniedbyapresumptionofcorrectness,unlesstheevidencepreponderatesotherwise.T.R.A.P.13(d).Afterareviewoftherecord,wefindthattheevidencedoesnotpreponderateagainstthetrialcourtsfindingthattheCrockersurveyaccuratelydepictstheboundarylinebetweentheparties.Further,wedonotfindthattheevidencepreponderatesagainstthetrialcourtsdeterminationthattheWarmathsacquiredtitletothesubjectpropertythroughadversepossession. T.C.A.282105provides:8 8 AdversepossessionAssuranceoftitle. Anypersonholdinganyrealestateorlandofanykindoranylegalorequitableinteresttherein,andsuchpersonandthoseϜthroughwhomheclaimshavingbeeninadversepossessionofsameforseven(7)years,wheresaidrealestateisheldandclaimedbyhimorthosethroughwhomheclaimsbyaconveyance,devise,grant,adecreeofacourtofrecord,orotherassuranceoftitlepurportingtoconveyanestateinfee,andsuchconveyance,devise,grant,orotherassuranceoftitle,hasbeenrecordedintheregistersofficeofthecountyinwhichthelandliesforaperiodofthirty(30)yearsormoreorsuchdecreeenteredontheminutesofsuchcourtforaperiodofthirty(30)yearsormore,isvestedwithanabsoluteandindefeasibletitletosuchrealestateorinteresttherein.T.C.A.282105(1980).̛ Oneclaimingtitlethroughadversepossessionhastheburdentoprovethathispossessionhasbeenopen,notorious,continuous,actual,andvisible.Panterv.Miller,698S.W.2d634(Tenn.App.1988).Eachoftheseelementsisafactualdeterminationtoberesolvedbythetrieroffact.8 8 Possessionoflandtobevisibleandnotoriousmustbesuchasgivestothetrueownerreasonablenoticeofitsexistence.Therightfulownermusthaveactualknowledgeoftheadverseclaim,oritmustbesoopenandaccompaniedbysuchcircumstancesofnotorietyasthathewillbepresumedtohavenoticeofit.̛Ӝ1T ENN X.J UR X.AdversePossession12(1982). Inthepresentcase,therecordsuggeststhatplaintiffhadactualnoticeoftheϜWarmathsuseoftheland.Inaddition,theWarmathsactivitiesonthelandandthestructuresplacedthereonwere soopenandaccompaniedbysuchcircumstancesofnotorietythatplaintiffwasimputedwithnotice. Therequirementthatthepossessionbeadverseorhostiletothetrueownersimplymeansthat aclaimantmustintendtoappropriatethelandforhisuseandexercisecontroloveritasanowner....Kosterv.Ogle,No.137,1988WL74238,at*3(Tenn.App.July19,1988).ItisouropinionthattheWarmathshaveexercisedthistypeofcontrolovertheproperty. TheWarmathsobtainedcoloroftitlethroughtheirdeedthatwasrecordedin1952.Sincethattime,theWarmathshavebeeninactual,open,andcontinuouspossessionoftheproperty.Thus,thefactsofthiscasefallsquarelywithintheparametersofT.C.A.282105,and,byvirtueofthisprovision,theWarmathsarevestedwithanabsoluteandindefeasibletitletotheproperty.  Accordingly,weaffirmthejudgmentofthetrialcourt.Costsonappealaretaxedtoplaintiff,forwhichexecutionmayissueifnecessary.        򀀀        HIGHERS,J.CONCUR:򀀀LILLARD,J.򀀀TOMLIN,Sr.J.̛