ÿWPCZ 5ƒ=¬ùtcðÕþÎOs¯L/RÒRÿâÙ¼]-ƒøÑ!Ê4ñ¥~`4G"ö0’.ó&”sµˆ­Ê ”ÜDm\+bûÙ‡=Êx…dÛüÜïÞcúU†›|ÉžÉ$’&²»¥iºBwøÌ†#LV1™}‚0c8sBޝ1t{UƒLJäØfÇ+ȇñç•·Ôéw¾“Hšé-•å²!-6„g¡½è©$Z‚´Éc>5îS ô%–*©]Ü ¢ÝõGšRƒ®Hü‚f XýÿºX8IVOîAÐÚ¹ˆÙJ2ÖBÓ6Šf,%UHý9$V€bÜá“€œtg4>=ã÷J¶”?é ‰!"oyE+Á·ûøÖÆÚ()Úèû ¼uÒåâ[Qlá4Ì©i´SGÅuc>­¯_áu¤=åbö%ç|=q™ŸLh×MŽØEï3ò®¨ü.¬‹·lËä‘C×iÇðe²²þü2Œê|™wCFx#›byûäìöŸgâbÝw‹Ö•j"K›]4UfpA@ÃÐïïÎ6µ4 ÑÓŽ_ൠ¡ª•D@ô¥3Ñ*Ò ckóú>æuª¦S¿ŽÚœ²†øŽ Â€3îär&¼¼Ò­›Ùƒ†A˜b#Á\ % ^ # 0ˆ/ UN· w 4 z Ò— i x mz U8‘ ÆÉ Æ ÆU ÆáNé 0Dëž/EÍ¥Ï]tU>ÑU@bOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO 0ëWWWW BBB 0¤_ D3 D-6 0Kcc AS®Æ 0¤Ç 0Dk A«¯˜HP LaserJet 4Si,ü,,,,,ü0»iÿ(L (`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman RegularÚ‹F'ê:i¢Ø+00 ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt3|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ< 9Z+‹ Courier New Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5 (#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó ”Ý ƒRìd$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôÙlò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ‡ ôò òòôÙlÔÔ#†ôÙlò ò ôò~#ÔÔ‡ôe2 òòôÙlÔWifeððs€request€for€an€increase€in€child€support€was€denied€by€the€trial€court.€€That€ruling€is€not€at€issue€on€thisÐ ° Ðappeal.Ô#†ôÙlò òôe2À#Ô ›Ý ƒRìd$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôÙlò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ‡ôe2 òòôÙlÔThe€court€calculated€this€award€by€multiplying€the€monthly€premium€for€the€term€life€insurance€policy€currentlyÐ ° Ðcarried€by€Husband€($89.61)€by€the€number€of€months€that€he€was€not€in€compliance€(44).Ô#†ôÙlò òôe2~#Ô SÝ ƒRìd$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôÙlò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ‡ôe2 òòôÙlÔIt€was€later€determined€that,€pursuant€to€this€provision,€Wife€is€entitled€to€$7,250€for€her€interest€in€the€maritalÐ ° Ðresidence.Ô#†ôÙlò òôe2~#Ôô\  `&Times New Roman(ÆúI Z‹(Times New Roman - ù-(|G2ìd$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€ºä»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôÙlò»»Ô d(|3A+$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€ºä»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV'ÿÿdxd)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3A+$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€ºä»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€ºä»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ‡»Ñ»»»ÔÑ  ÑÔ€¼Ñ»»»ÑÔÑ8€¥‹XXdð»»d8ÑÑ  Ñà@ü ü ìàÔ‡îÓÑÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@kk$ìàAT€NASHVILLEÔ#†¼Ñ»îîÓ+#ԈРÖ& ÐÓ  ÓJune€2000€SessionÐ üL ÐÔ‡X˜fX»¼ÑÔÌò òÔ#†¼Ñ»XX˜f #ÔòòÔ_ÔTALISAÔ_Ô€GAYLE€HOWELLóó€v.€GARY€MORRIS€HOWELLòòóóÔ‡X˜fX»¼ÑÔó óÐ úJ ÐÌà@@½½ìàò òAppeal€from€the€Chancery€Court€for€Maury€CountyÐ ú J Ðà@@øøìàNo.€93„292€€€€€€John€A.€Ô_ÔTurnbullÔ_Ô,€Chancellor,€By€DesignationÐ æ 6 ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<©` AßÐ ªú  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€M1999„00753„Ô_ÔCOAÔ_Ô„R3„CV€„€Filed€July€31,€Ô_Ô2000Ô_ÔÐ ¥õ  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<|` AßÐ }Í  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓIn€this€post„divorce€case,€Ô_ÔTalisaÔ_Ô€Gayle€Kelly,€formerly€Howell,€(ð ðWifeðð)€filed€a€petition€seeking€toÐ xÈ  Ðincrease€child€support€and€to€enforce€other€provisions€of€the€judgment€of€divorce.׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€Ô#†¼Ñ»XX˜f¨#ÔÔ‡X˜fX»¼ÑÔ€The€trial€courtÐ d´ Ðordered€Gary€Morris€Howell€(ð ðHusbandðð)€to€pay€Wife€the€balance€due€her€for€her€interest€in€theÐ P  Ðformer€marital€residence.€€It€further€found€Husband€in€contempt€for€failing€to€maintain€a€lifeÐ <Œ Ðinsurance€policy€for€the€benefit€of€the€partiesðð€minor€child€and€ordered€him€to€pay€Wife€an€amountÐ (x Ðapproximating€what€he€would€have€paid€in€insurance€premiums€had€he€maintained€the€policy€asÐ d Ðrequired€by€the€divorce€judgment.€€Wife€was€also€awarded€half€of€her€attorneyððs€fees.€€We€reverseÐ P Ðthe€trial€courtððs€award€of€the€unpaid€premiums;€in€all€other€respects,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€courtÐ ì< Ðis€affirmed.Ð Ø( ÐÓÓÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Chancery€Court€Reversed€in€Part;Ð ° ÐAffirmed€in€Part;€Case€Remandedó óÐ œì ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼Ñ»àX˜fŒ#ÔÔ‡X˜fX.¼ÑÔCharles€D.€Susano,€Jr.,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòHerschel€P.€Franks€óóandÐ tÄ ÐòòD.€Michael€Ô_ÔSwineyÔ_Ô,€JJ.óó,€joined.Ð `° ÐÌDelilah€A.€Speed,€Columbia,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellant,€Gary€Morris€Howell.Ð 8!ˆ  ÐÌThomas€F.€Mink,€II,€Ô_ÔLawrenceburgÔ_Ô,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellee,€Ô_ÔTalisaÔ_Ô€Gayle€Kelley.Ð #`" ÐÓy ÓÌò òÓ  ÓÓ  ÓOPINIONó óÔ#†¼Ñ»XX˜f¨ #ÔÔ‡X˜fX»¼ÑÔÓÓÐ è$8 $ ÐÓÊ ÓÌòòóóÔ#†¼Ñ»XX˜f #ÔÔ€X˜fX»¼ÑÔà  àOn€this€appeal,€Husband€raises€three€issues€for€our€consideration:Ð ˜(è#( ÐÓ" ÓÓT ÓÐ p*À%*ý' ÐÔ_ÔÓÓà8  àà8` Ð Ð à1.€€Did€the€trial€court€err€in€holding€that€the€divorce€judgmentÐ ° Ðobligated€Husband€to€reimburse€Wife€for€taxes€paid€and€in€ruling€thatÐ œì Ðthe€$5,000€paid€by€Husband€to€Wife€was€for€those€taxes€rather€thanÐ ˆØ Ðfor€Wifeððs€interest€in€the€marital€home?ÐtÄ` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð à2.€€Did€the€trial€court€err€in€holding€Husband€in€willful€contemptÐ L œ Ðconcerning€the€insurance€policy€and€granting€judgment€to€Wife€forÐ 8 ˆ Ðthe€amount€of€the€unpaid€premiums?Ð$ t` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð à3.€€Did€the€trial€court€err€in€ordering€Husband€to€pay€half€of€WifeððsÐ ü L  Ðattorneyððs€fees?Ðè 8 ` x` x ÐÌÓ  ÓI.€€òòFactsóóÐ À  ÐÓ ÓÌà  àOn€May€24,€1993,€Wife€filed€her€complaint€for€divorce.€€That€same€day,€the€partiesðð€marriageÐ ˜è  Ðwas€dissolved€by€the€entry€of€a€final€judgment€of€divorce.€€Both€the€complaint€and€the€judgment€wereÐ „Ô  Ðdrafted€by€Husband,€who€is€a€licensed€attorney,€after€consultation€with€Wife.€€The€judgmentÐ pÀ Ðembodies€the€partiesðð€agreement€on€all€matters€at€issue.€€Pursuant€to€the€partiesðð€agreement,€WifeÐ \¬ Ðreceived€custody€of€the€partiesðð€then„minor€child,€Ashley€Scott€Howell€(DOB:€March€19,€1981),€andÐ H˜ ÐHusband€was€obligated€to€pay€child€support.€€The€other€provisions€of€the€judgment€that€are€pertinentÐ 4„ Ðto€this€appeal€are€as€follows:Ð  p ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àThat€[Husband]€shall€be€awarded€the€marital€home.€€The€parties€agreeÐ øH Ðthat€the€property€is€to€be€appraised€by€Paul€Boehms.€[Husband]€òòwillÐ ä4 Ðpay€toóó€òò[Wife]óó€òòone„half€of€the€amount€by€which€the€appraisal€exceedsÐ Ð  ÐSeventy„Nine€Thousand€Dollarsóó€òò($79,000.00)óó.׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×м ` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àà8¸ ` x` xàà8¸ ¸ àà8hÈÈà*à À à*à  à*Дähphp ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àòòThatóó€òò[Husband]óó€òòshall€maintain€his€present€life€insurance€coverageÐ l¼ Ðwith€Life€[Insurance€Company]€of€Georgia,€and€[Wife]€shall€remainÐ X ¨ Ðbeneficiary€as€Trustee€for€the€minor€child,€until€said€child€turnsÐ D!” Ðeighteen€(18)€years€of€age,€or€twenty„two€(22)€if€a€full„time€studentóó.Ð0"€ ` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àà8¸ ` x` xàà8¸ ¸ àà8hÈÈà*à À à*à  à*Ð$X"hphp ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àòòThat€[Husband]óó€òòshall€pay€all€income€taxes€owed€by€the€parties€forÐ à%0!$ Ðthe€years€1991€and€1992€and€hold€[Wife]óó€òòharmless€therefrom.óóÐÌ&"%` x` x ÐÌ(Emphasis€added).Ð ¤(ô#' Їà  àWife€filed€the€subject€petition€in€June,€1996,€alleging,€òòinter€aliaóó,òò€óóthat€Husband€had€failed€toÐ ° Ðpay€her€for€her€interest€in€the€marital€residence€and€had€failed€to€pay€all€of€the€taxes€owed€for€theÐ œì Ðyears€1991€and€1992.€€The€evidence€presented€at€trial€established€the€following€facts€regarding€theseÐ ˆØ Ðallegations.€€Prior€to€the€divorce,€each€of€the€parties€was€awarded€damages€arising€out€of€the€personalÐ tÄ Ðinjuries€sustained€by€Wife€in€an€automobile€accident.€€Wife€was€awarded€$70,000€for€her€injuries,Ð `° Ðand€Husband€was€awarded€$5,000€for€loss€of€consortium.€€In€April€1993,€the€Internal€RevenueÐ L œ ÐService€seized€Husbandððs€$5,000€award€and€$27,005.46€of€Wifeððs€award€for€back€taxes€owed€by€theÐ 8 ˆ Ðparties€for€the€years€1988€to€1992.€€The€partiesðð€tax€liability€for€the€years€1988€to€1990€„„€beingÐ $ t Ð$27,026.56€„„€was€fully€paid€as€a€result€of€the€governmentððs€execution.€€A€portion€of€the€1991€taxes,Ð  ` Ðtotaling€$4,978.90,€was€also€satisfied€by€this€seizure.€€The€portion€applicable€to€1991€taxes€wasÐ ü L  Ðsatisfied€totally€out€of€Wifeððs€award.Ð è 8  ÐÌà  àAfter€the€parties€were€divorced,€Husband€made€three€payments€to€Wife.€€The€parties€agreeÐ À  Ðthat€two€of€these€payments,€totaling€$1,150,€should€be€applied€toward€Husbandððs€obligation€to€WifeÐ ¬ü  Ðon€the€marital€residence.€€The€parties€dispute,€however,€the€purpose€of€the€third€payment€of€$5,000.€Ð ˜è  ÐWife€testified€that€it€was€to€partially€reimburse€her€for€the€taxes€paid€out€of€her€personal€injuryÐ „Ô  Ðaward.€€She€testified€that€the€parties€had€discussed€the€repayment€of€this€money€while€preparing€theÐ pÀ Ðdivorce€decree:Ð \¬ ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àQ.à ¸ àCan€you€tell€the€Court€how€the€divorce€decree€and€the€divorceÐ 4„ Ðcomplaint€came€to€be€filed€on€the€same€date?Ð p` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àA.à ¸ àWe€was€in€his€office€and€I€was€typing€it.€€He€was€standingÐ øH Ðbehind€me.€€He€told€me€exactly€what€to€type.€€When€it€came€to€theÐ ä4 Ðpart€about€income€taxes,€I€asked€him,€sitting€right€there€in€his€office,Ð Ð  Ðwhat€I€was€supposed€to€do€about€the€money€they€had€took€from€meÐ ¼  Ðfor€the€Property€Settlement€Agreement.€€And€he€did€not€want€me€toÐ ¨ø Ðembarrass€him€in€the€Court€so€he€told€me,€he€said,€ð ðTalisa,€I€haveÐ ”ä Ðnever€done€you€wrong€and€I€wonððt€do€you€wrong€now.€€I€will€pay€youÐ €Ð Ðthat€money€back.ððÐl¼` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àQ.à ¸ àDid€he€say€anything€specifically€about€being€embarrassed€toÐ D!” Ðput€something€like€that€in€the€decree?Ð0"€ ` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àA.à ¸ àYeah,€he€did€not€want€me€to€put€that€in€the€decree,€so€I€trustedÐ $X" Ðhim€when€he€told€me€he€would€pay€me€back.Ðô$D #` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àà8¸ ` x` xàà8¸ ¸ àà8hÈÈà*à À à*à  à*ÐÌ&"%hphp ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àQ.à ¸ àDid€you€ever€have€any€conversations€with€[Husband]...aboutÐ ¤(ô#' Ðhim€paying€that€back€or€how€it€was€going€to€be€paid?Ð)à$(` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àA.à ¸ àOnly€when€brought€me€the€$5,000.Ðh+¸&*` x` x Їà8  àà8` Ð Ð àQ.à ¸ àTell€the€Court€what€was€said€on€that€date.а` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àA.à ¸ àHe€brought€me€the€money.€€It€was€cash€money.€€It€was€in€aÐ ˆØ Ðbank€envelope.€€He€gave€me€the€money€and€he€told€me€that€this€wasÐ tÄ Ðthe€money€towards€the€money€that€he€owed€me,€that€they€took€fromÐ `° Ðme€to€pay€his€taxes.€€Because€that€money€was€not€given€to€me€to€payÐ L œ Ðhis€taxes,€it€was€given€to€me€because€I€was€hurt.€€And€he€said€heÐ 8 ˆ Ðwould€repay€me€that.€€So€he€gave€me€that€$5,000€and€told€me€heÐ $ t Ðwould€pay€me€back€the€rest€of€it€when€he€got€it.Ð `` x` x ÐÌHusband€testified,€on€the€other€hand,€that€the€$5,000€payment€was€intended€to€partially€reimburseÐ è 8  ÐWife€for€her€interest€in€the€marital€residence:€Ð Ô$  ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àQ.à ¸ àIsnððt€it€a€fact€that€when€you€all€were€working€on€this€decree,Ð ¬ü  Ðyou€told€her€„„€she€asked€„„€she€said,€ð ðGary,€what€about€the€moneyÐ ˜è  Ðyou€owe€me,€the€$27,000€for€these€back€taxes?ðð€€Donððt€you...Ð „Ô  Ðremember€her€asking€you€about€that?ÐpÀ` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àA.à ¸ àIt€was€after€the€decree.ÐH˜` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àQ.à ¸ àAnd€do€you€remember€saying,€ð ðTalisa,€Iððve€never€treated€youÐ  p Ðwrong€and€Iððll€take€care€of€it.ððÐ \` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àA.à ¸ àWhat€I€told€her€was€„„€after€the€decree€was€entered€she€cameÐ ä4 Ðback€and€wanted€to€amend€the€decree€and€put€that€in.€€I€told€her€IÐ Ð  Ðwouldnððt€agree€to€that,€but€if€I€ever€got€what€I€call€a€big€lick,€large€feeÐ ¼  Ðin,€and€was€able€to€do€it€Iððd€try€to€pay€her€back€some€of€the€money.Шø` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àQ.à ¸ àSo€you€knew€you€owed€her€money€that€was€seized?ЀÐ` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àA.à ¸ àNo.€€I€didnððt€say€I€knew€I€owed€her€anything.€€I€told€her€if€IÐ X ¨ Ðever€got€a€big€fee€in€I€would€try€to€pay€back€some€of€that€money.ÐD!”` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àQ.à ¸ àAs€a€matter€of€fact,€you€paid€her€5,000€of€that,€didnððt€you?Ð#l!` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àA.à ¸ àI€paid€her€5,000€on€the€house.Ðô$D #` x` x ÐÌà  àWife€also€alleged€in€her€petition€that€Husband€had€failed€to€maintain€insurance€coverage€asÐ Ì&"% Ðrequired€by€the€judgment.€€The€evidence€presented€at€trial€established€that€at€the€time€of€the€divorceÐ ¸'#& Ðin€May,€1993,€Husband€had€a€universal€life€insurance€policy€through€Life€Insurance€Company€ofÐ ¤(ô#' ÐGeorgia€that€designated€Wife€as€beneficiary€for€the€benefit€of€Ashley.€€This€policy€lapsed€inÐ )à$( Ðâ âSeptember,€1993.€€For€the€next€22€months,€Husband€did€not€carry€any€life€insurance.€€In€July€1995,Ð |*Ì%) ÐHusband€obtained€a€$250,000€term€life€policy€from€Life€Insurance€Company€of€Georgia,€againÐ ° Ðdesignating€Wife€as€beneficiary€for€Ashley.€€This€policy€lapsed€in€September,€1997.Ð œì Ðâ âÌà  àHusband€testified€that€in€December,€1997,€he€applied€for€a€$500,000€policy€from€the€MONYÐ tÄ ÐLife€Insurance€Company€of€America€with€the€intention€of€naming€both€Wife€and€his€present€wife,Ð `° ÐRoxanne,€as€beneficiaries,€thereby€eliminating€the€need€to€carry€two€separate€life€insurance€policies.€Ð L œ ÐHusband€had€previously€obtained€a€$250,000€term€life€insurance€policy€from€the€Valley€Forge€LifeÐ 8 ˆ ÐInsurance€Company€designating€Roxanne€as€beneficiary.€€The€MONY€Life€Insurance€CompanyÐ $ t Ðrejected€his€request€for€$500,000€coverage,€however,€and€he€was€issued€only€$100,000€in€coverage.€Ð  ` ÐHe€testified€that€he€decided€to€designate€Roxanne€as€beneficiary€on€the€$100,000€MONY€policy€andÐ ü L  Ðto€change€the€beneficiary€on€the€$250,000€Valley€Forge€policy€from€Roxanne€to€Wife€as€trustee€forÐ è 8  ÐAshley,€so€as€to€comply€with€the€divorce€judgment.€€However,€the€beneficiary€on€the€latter€policyÐ Ô$  Ðwas€not€changed€at€that€time.€€Husband€testified€that€he€thought€the€beneficiary€had€been€changed,Ð À  Ðand€he€was€not€aware€that€it€had€not€until€July,€1999.€€Wife,€as€trustee€for€Ashley,€was€finallyÐ ¬ü  Ðdesignated€as€the€beneficiary€on€the€$250,000€Valley€Forge€policy€on€July€26,€1999,€the€day€beforeÐ ˜è  Ðthe€hearing€on€the€subject€petition.Ð „Ô  ÐÌÓ  ÓII.€€òòTrial€Courtððs€FindingsóóÐ \¬ ÐÓi<ÓÌà  àIn€regard€to€the€issue€of€income€taxes,€the€trial€court€construed€the€divorce€judgment€asÐ 4„ Ðrequiring€Husband€to€pay€the€entire€amount€of€taxes€that€the€parties€owed€for€the€years€1991€andÐ  p Ð1992€and€to€hold€Wife€harmless€therefrom.€€The€court€determined€that€the€$5,000€payment€to€WifeÐ  \ Ðwas€to€reimburse€her€for€the€$4,978.90€from€her€personal€injury€judgment€that€had€been€levied€uponÐ øH Ðto€pay€a€portion€of€the€1991€taxes.€€The€court€rejected€Husbandððs€contention€that€the€$5,000€paymentÐ ä4 Ðhad€been€for€Wifeððs€interest€in€the€marital€residence,€noting€that€on€this€issue,€the€court€found€WifeððsÐ Ð  Ðtestimony€more€credible€than€Husbandððs.€€The€court€concluded€that€Husband€had€fully€satisfied€theÐ ¼  Ðincome€tax€provision€of€the€divorce€judgment€and€had€no€further€obligations€to€reimburse€Wife€forÐ ¨ø Ðthe€monies€paid€out€of€her€award€for€the€1988„1991€taxes.€€In€regard€to€Wifeððs€interest€in€the€maritalÐ ”ä Ðresidence,€the€court€found€that€Husband€had€paid€$1,150€of€the€total€$7,250€owed.€€The€courtÐ €Ð Ðcalculated€that€Husband€still€owed€Wife€$6,100,€which,€with€prejudgment€interest,€amounted€toÐ l¼ Ð$8,300.57.€€After€decreeing€to€Wife€the€funds€that€Husband€had€placed€in€escrow€with€the€Clerk€andÐ X ¨ ÐMaster,€the€court€concluded€that€the€balance€due€Wife€for€her€interest€in€the€marital€home€wasÐ D!” Ð$6,841.27.Ð 0"€  ÐÌà  àOn€the€issue€of€life€insurance,€the€court€found€that€Husband€had€allowed€the€policy€to€lapseÐ $X" Ðfor€a€total€of€44€months€between€the€time€of€the€divorce€and€the€subject€hearing.€€Finding€that€theÐ ô$D # Ðinsurance€required€by€the€divorce€judgment€ð ðwas€in€the€nature€of€child€support,ðð€the€court€foundÐ à%0!$ ÐHusband€in€contempt€for€failing€to€maintain€the€insurance€policy.€€It€ordered€him€to€pay€$3,942.84Ð Ì&"% Ðto€Wife€within€six€months€of€the€entry€of€the€order€in€order€to€purge€himself€of€the€contempt.׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€TheÐ ¸'#& Ðcourt€ordered€Husband€to€maintain€life€insurance€for€the€benefit€of€Ashley,€and€Wife€was€orderedÐ ¤(ô#' Ðto€assist€Ashley€in€providing€proof€that€he€is€a€full„time€student€at€the€beginning€of€each€quarter€orÐ ° Ðsemester.€€Finally,€upon€considering€ð ðthe€relative€financial€condition€of€the€parties,€the€nature€of€theÐ œì Ðcase,€and€the€outcome€of€the€case,ðð€the€court€awarded€Wife€$3,102.85€for€discretionary€costs€andÐ ˆØ Ðone„half€of€her€attorneyððs€fees.Ð tÄ ÐÌÓ  ÓIII.€€òòStandard€of€ReviewóóÐ L œ ÐÓÅGÓÌà  àIn€this€non„jury€case,€our€review€is€òòde€novoóó€upon€the€record€of€the€proceedings€below.€€Tenn.Ð $ t ÐR.€App.€P.€13(d).€€The€record€comes€to€use€with€a€presumption€of€correctness€as€to€the€trial€courtððsÐ  ` Ðfactual€findings€„„€a€presumption€that€we€must€honor€ð ðunless€the€preponderance€of€the€evidence€isÐ ü L  Ðotherwise.ðð€€ò òòòId.ó óóó€€The€presumption€of€correctness,€however,€does€not€extend€to€the€trial€courtððsÐ è 8  Ðconclusions€of€law.€€ò òòòCampbell€v.€Florida€Steel€Corp.,ó óóó€919€S.W.2d€26,€35€(Tenn.€1996).Ð Ô$  ÐÌÓ  ÓIV.€€òòAnalysisóóÐ ¬ü  ÐÓ‹JÓòòÌà  àóóHusbandððs€first€issue€on€appeal€concerns€the€interpretation€of€the€provision€in€the€divorceÐ „Ô  Ðjudgment€by€which€Husband€agreed€to€ð ðpay€all€income€taxes€owed€by€the€parties€for€the€years€1991Ð pÀ Ðand€1992€and€hold€[Wife]€harmless€therefrom.ðð€€The€trial€court€interpreted€this€provision€as€requiringÐ \¬ ÐHusband€to€reimburse€Wife€for€the€$4,978.90€from€her€personal€injury€award€that€was€appliedÐ H˜ Ðtoward€the€partiesðð€1991€tax€liability.€€Husband€argues€that€the€judgment€obligates€him€to€pay€onlyÐ 4„ Ðthe€taxes€owed€at€the€time€that€the€judgment€was€entered,€and€therefore€does€not€require€him€toÐ  p Ðreimburse€Wife€for€the€portion€of€the€1991€taxes€that€she€paid€prior€to€the€entry€of€the€judgment.€Ð  \ ÐÌà  àA€divorce€judgment€incorporating€the€partiesðð€settlement€agreement€is€to€be€construed€likeÐ ä4 Ðany€other€written€instrument.€€òòSeeóó€ò òòòHale€v.€Hale,ó óóó€838€S.W.2d€206,€208€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1992);Ð Ð  Ðò òòòLivingston€v.€Livingston,ó óóó€58€Tenn.€App.€271,€429€S.W.2d€452,€456€(1967).€€ð ðThe€cardinal€rule€forÐ ¼  Ðinterpretation€of€contracts€is€to€ascertain€the€intention€of€the€parties€from€the€contract€as€a€whole€andÐ ¨ø Ðto€give€effect€to€that€intention€consistent€with€legal€principles.ðð€€ò òòòGray€v.€Estate€of€Gray,ó óóó€993€S.W.2dÐ ”ä Ð59,€64€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1998).€€The€words€expressing€the€intent€of€the€parties€should€be€given€theirÐ €Ð Ðð ðusual,€natural,€and€ordinary€meaning.ðð€€ò òòòBradson€Mercantile,€Inc.€v.€Crabtree,ó óóó€1€S.W.3d€648,€652Ð l¼ Ð(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1999).€€Absent€fraud€or€mistake,€courts€must€construe€contracts€as€written.€€ò òòòRealtyÐ X ¨ ÐShop,€Inc.€v.€RR€Westminster€Holding,€Inc.,ó óóó€7€S.W.3d€581,€597€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1999).€Ð D!” ÐInterpretation€of€a€contract,€being€a€question€of€law,€is€subject€to€òòde€novoóó€review€with€noÐ 0"€  Ðpresumption€of€correctness.€€ò òòòGuiliano€v.€Cleo,€Inc.,ó óóó€995€S.W.2d€88,€95€(Tenn.€1999);€Tenn.€R.€App.Ð #l! ÐP.€13(d).€€Ð $X" Ðà  àWith€the€foregoing€principles€in€mind,€we€turn€to€the€provision€at€issue.€€We€agree€with€theÐ ô$D # Ðtrial€court€that€the€provision€requiring€Husband€to€ð ðpay€all€income€taxes€owed€by€the€parties€for€theÐ à%0!$ Ðyears€1991€and€1992€and€hold€[Wife]€harmless€therefromðð€obligates€Husband€to€pay€òòall€óóof€theÐ Ì&"% Ðincome€taxes€owed€for€those€two€years.€€Hence,€Husband€is€obligated,€by€the€unequivocal€languageÐ ¸'#& Ðof€the€judgment,€to€reimburse€Wife€for€the€amount€of€her€award€levied€upon€to€satisfy€a€portion€ofÐ ¤(ô#' Ðthe€1991€taxes.€€òòSee€ò òPinney€v.€Tarpley,ó óóó€686€S.W.2d€574,€579€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1984)€(ð ðAn€agreementÐ )à$( Ðâ âto€ððhold€harmlessðð€is€a€contract€of€indemnity€which€requires€the€indemnitor€to€prevent€loss€to€theÐ |*Ì%) Ðindemnitee€or€to€reimburse€the€indemnitee€for€all€losses€suffered€from€the€designated€peril.ðð).€€ThisÐ ° Ðissue€is€found€adverse€to€Husband.Ð œì Ðâ âÌòòà  àóóHusband€also€argues€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€finding€that€his€$5,000€payment€to€Wife€wasÐ tÄ Ðintended€by€the€parties€to€be€a€reimbursement€of€Wifeððs€involuntary€payment€on€the€1991€taxÐ `° Ðliability.€€The€trial€court€resolved€this€issue€in€favor€of€Wife€on€the€basis€of€witness€credibility.€€TheÐ L œ Ðtrial€court€is€in€the€best€position€to€assess€the€credibility€of€the€witnesses;€accordingly,€suchÐ 8 ˆ Ðcredibility€determinations€are€entitled€to€great€weight€on€appeal.€€ò òòòMassengale€v.€Massengale,ó óóó€915Ð $ t ÐS.W.2d€818,€819€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1995).€€In€fact,€this€court€has€noted€that€ð ðon€an€issue€which€hingesÐ  ` Ðon€witness€credibility,€[the€trial€judge]€will€not€be€reversed€unless,€other€than€the€oral€testimony€ofÐ ü L  Ðthe€witnesses,€there€is€found€in€the€record€clear,€concrete€and€convincing€evidence€to€the€contrary.ðð€Ð è 8  Ðò òòòTennessee€Valley€Kaolin€Corp.€v.€Perry,ó óóó€526€S.W.2d€488,€490€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1974).€€UponÐ Ô$  Ðexamining€the€record,€we€do€not€find€any€ð ðclear,€concrete€and€convincing€evidenceðð€that€is€contraryÐ À  Ðto€the€trial€courtððs€determination€of€this€issue.€€Husbandððs€argument€is€without€merit.Ð ¬ü  ÐòòÌóóÔ#†X¥‹XXX˜f‹#ÔÔ‡X¥‹XXX¥‹Ôà  àHusband€next€argues€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€finding€him€in€civil€contempt€and€in€orderingÐ „Ô  Ðhim€to€pay€Wife€the€amount€of€the€unpaid€life€insurance€premiums.€€We€hold€that€a€finding€of€civilÐ tÄ Ðcontempt€is€inappropriate€in€this€case€and€thus€reverse€the€trial€court€on€this€issue.Ð d´ ÐÌà  àCivil€contempt€is€remedial€in€nature;€its€purpose€is€to€coerce€the€contemnor€into€complyingÐ D” Ðwith€the€courtððs€order.€€Ô#†X¥‹XXX¥‹V]#Ôò òòòÔ‡X¥‹XXX¥‹ÔRobinson€v.€Gaines,Ô#†X¥‹XXX¥‹™_#Ôó óóóÔ‡X¥‹XXX¥‹Ô€725€S.W.2d€692,€694€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1986).€€In€thisÐ 4„ Ðcase,€Husband€was€in€compliance€at€the€time€of€the€hearing,€having€designated€Wife€as€theÐ $t Ðbeneficiary€of€the€Valley€Forge€policy€the€day€before€the€hearing.€€Because€Husband€did€not€haveÐ d Ðto€be€coerced€into€òòpresentlyóó€complying€with€the€divorce€judgment,€a€finding€of€Ô#†X¥‹XXX¥‹ô_#ÔòòÔ‡X¥‹XXX¥‹ÔcivilÔ#†X¥‹XXX¥‹¼a#ÔóóÔ‡X¥‹XXX¥‹Ô€contempt€is€notÐ T Ðsupported€by€the€evidence.€€While€Husband€may€have€been€guilty€of€criminal€contempt€for€hisÐ ôD Ðfailure€to€maintain€life€insurance€in€the€past,€this€case€was€not€tried€as€one€for€criminal€contempt;Ð ä4 Ðthus,€the€judgment€cannot€be€affirmed€on€that€basis.Ô#†X¥‹XXX¥‹b#ÔÔ‡X˜fXXX¥‹ÔòòóóÐ Ô$ ÐÌà  àFinally,€Husband€appeals€the€award€of€attorneyððs€fees.€€An€award€of€attorneyððs€fees€is€withinÐ ° Ðthe€discretion€of€the€trial€court,€and€we€will€not€reverse€an€award€absent€an€abuse€of€that€discretion.€Ð œì ЀòòSeeóó€T.C.A.€ðð€36„5„103(c)€(Supp.€1999).€€òòSee€alsoóó,€ò òòòAaron€v.€Aaron,ó óóó€909€S.W.2d€408,€411€(Tenn.Ð ˆ Ø Ð1995).€€We€do€not€find€that€the€trial€court€abused€its€discretion€in€ordering€Husband€to€pay€half€ofÐ t!Ä ÐWifeððs€attorneyððs€fees.€€This€issue€is€also€without€merit.Ð `"°  ÐÌÓ  ÓV.€€òòConclusionóóÐ 8$ˆ" ÐÓ#fÓÌà  àThe€order€of€the€trial€court€awarding€Wife€an€amount€approximating€the€unpaid€insuranceÐ &`!$ Ðpremiums€is€reversed.€€In€all€other€respects,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed.€€Costs€onÐ ü&L"% Ðappeal€are€taxed€to€the€parties€equally.€€This€case€is€remanded€for€such€further€proceedings,€if€any,Ð è'8#& Ðas€may€be€required€and€for€collection€of€costs€assessed€below,€all€pursuant€to€applicable€law.Ð Ô($$' ÐÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àÐ ˜+è&* Ðòòà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óó€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ð ° Ѐ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€à  àà h àà À àCHARLES€D.€SUSANO,€JR.,€JUDGEÔ#†X¥‹XXX˜f‹c#Ô