ÿWPC 3# ÚUDå %) 0(/ 0”W4ëÿw@EV 0DX 0Jœ 0Tæ 0^: 0h˜ 0r 0|r 0†î 0t 1u 0dy 0@Ý D3 B)P DCy B¼ AMÙ U*& AQP Æ¡ 0Dg 0D« D/ï B ; }@v~½vÓ;˜HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLHÎ8§ÖhZŠ,Century-WP RegularX($¡¡(D(2´¤$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÓ  Óà ` àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó§aö"3|xþ èéEêëìEíîEï Ó€ûü (#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò&&&&'ÿÿdxd% Line 7 d$$$$7Border 1dd d* %Cþÿ << Gÿÿ< Œ 9p`(Arial*+ ,-Cþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó..'÷ÿ dxdüÿP Pd ûÝ ƒ!ÝÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ+"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€(ÔÔ€(ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€(XÔÌÌò òAugust€13,€1997ÌÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€(ôÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó sÝ ƒ!ÝÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ$ÝÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÓ  Óà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  Ýò òRule€10(b)€(Court€of€Appeals).ó ó€€òòMEMORANDUM€OPINION.óó€€TheÏCourt,€with€the€concurrence€of€all€judges€participating€in€the€case,€mayÏaffirm,€reverse€or€modify€the€actions€of€the€trial€court€by€memorandumÏopinion€when€a€formal€opinion€would€have€no€precedential€value.€€When€aÏcase€is€decided€by€memorandum€opinion€it€shall€be€designatedÏð ðMEMORANDUM€OPINION,ðð€shall€not€be€published,€and€shall€not€be€cited€orÏrelied€on€for€any€reason€in€a€subsequent€unrelated€case.€ÌPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'hStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÝ  Ý›Ò  ÒÒ ° ÒÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÑ\R AØ'\ÑœÑ\R AØ'\Ñ›Þ ÞÌà@ àIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌà@ àWESTERN€SECTION€AT€JACKSONÌ______________________________________________________________________________ÌÌWILLIAM€R.€KEY,€Clerk€ofà àà àà àShelby€Criminal€No.€P„17169Ì€the€Criminal€Courts€ofà àà àà àà àC.A.€No.€02A01„9703„CR„00072Ì€Shelby€County,€Tennessee,ÌÌà àPlaintiff,Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àHon.€Chris€Craft,€Judge̜ـ*ÙßR€'/%A1-j|ˆôP` Å `€€@ÿRß›v.à àà àà àà àà àà àà àÌÌJULIAN€T.€BOLTON,€ChairmanÌof€the€Shelby€County€Board€ofÌCommissioners,€and€JIM€ROUT,ÌMayor€of€Shelby€County,€Tennessee,ÌÌà àDefendants.ÌÌDAVID€F.€KUSTOFF,€Memphis,€Attorney€for€Plaintiff.ÌÌALAN€G.€CRONE,€Assistant€Shelby€County€Attorney,€Wilder,€Crone,ÏJohnston,€Mason€&€Goodwin,€PLC,€Memphis,€Attorney€for€Defendants.ÌÌò òòòREVERSED€AND€REMANDEDó óóóÌÌOpinion€filed:Ì______________________________________________________________________________ÌÌà@ àMEMORANDUM€OPINION× ƒ0 ××  ×ÌÌßA€& ) °°xdE¿!xAßÌò òÌTOMLIN,€Sr.€J.ó óà@ àÌà àà àà àà àà àà àÌÓÓÔ€Ôà àWilliam€R.€Key,€Clerk€of€the€Criminal€Courts€of€Shelby€CountyÏ(hereafter€ð ðPlaintiffðð)€filed€a€petition€in€the€Criminal€Court€of€ShelbyÏCounty€against€Mark€Norris,€Chairman€of€the€Shelby€County€Board€ofÏCommissioners,€and€Jim€Rout,€Mayor€of€Shelby€County€(hereafterÏð ðDefendantsðð)€seeking€salary€increases€for€various€employees€of€theÏCriminal€Court€Clerkððs€Office€in€Shelby€County€pursuant€to€T.C.A.€ðþÿð€8„20„101€òòet€œseq.ó󛀀Following€a€bench€trial€the€trial€court€granted€all€of€theÏrequested€salary€increases.€€Defendants€have€raised€two€issues€on€appeal:Ï(1)€whether€the€trial€court€erred€in€allowing€plaintiff€to€bring€a€petitionÏfor€salary€increases€pursuant€to€T.C.A.€ðþÿððþÿð€8„20òò„101€et€œseqóó;›€and€(2)Ïwhether€the€evidence€preponderates€against€the€action€of€the€trial€court.€ÏFor€the€reasons€hereinafter€stated,€we€reverse€the€judgment€of€the€courtÏbelow€and€remand€for€further€proceedings.Ìà àThe€basic€facts€are€not€in€dispute.€€Plaintiff€filed€a€petition€in€theÏCriminal€Court€of€Shelby€County€seeking€pay€increases€for€over€100Ïemployees€in€the€Criminal€Court€Clerkððs€Office.€€In€their€answerÏœdefendants›€took€issue€with€œthe€requested›€increased€compensation€for€onlyÍ10€positions,€this€opposition€being€on€the€ground€that€the€requested€salaryÏincreases€exceeded€the€amount€of€increases€recommended€by€the€ShelbyÏCounty€Ñ7€Í-XXdðXXdð7ÑCommission,€and€the€Director€of€Personnel,€both€of€whom€areÏresponsible€for€carrying€out€the€salary€policy€for€Shelby€CountyÏemployees.€€At€that€time€the€approved€salary€policy€provided€for€aÏmaximum€increase€in€salary€of€four€percent€for€the€fiscal€year€1996„1997.€€It€was€the€contention€of€the€defendants€that€any€increase€greaterÏthan€the€stated€percentage€would€create€a€pay€inequity€with€other€ShelbyÏCounty€employees€holding€a€similar€job€classification.Ìà àThe€positions€whose€proposed€pay€raises€were€disputed€and€theirÏrespective€percentage€increases€are€as€follows:€œthree€ððManager›€AððÏpositions,€13%;€one€ð ðexecutive€secretaryðð€position,€9%;€and€six€ð ðdeputyÏcourt€room€clerkðð€positions,€9%.€€Jim€Martin,€the€Shelby€CountyÏAdministrator€of€Personnel€(hereafter€ð ðMartinðð),€testified€that€it€wasÏpart€of€his€job€function€to€evaluate€requests€for€salary€increases€byÏcarrying€out€compensation€studies€on€Shelby€County€employees.€€MartinÏtestified€further€that€the€Criminal€Clerkððs€Office€had€never€formallyÏrequested€that€his€department€perform€a€compensation€study€on€the€salaryÏincreases€requested€in€plaintiffððs€current€petition.€€He€further€stated€thatÏin€order€to€determine€if€a€particular€salary€increase€was€fair€to€allÍemployees€within€the€county€system,€a€comprehensive€and€detailedÏanalysis€would€have€to€be€performed€over€the€different€departmentsÏwithin€the€county.€€He€stated€further€that€he€was€aware€that€plaintiff€wasÏunhappy€with€the€perceived€inequities€in€pay€in€his€office,€but€alsoÏconceded€that€the€limited€resources€of€his€office€prevented€him€fromÏpersonally€initiating€any€compensation€studies.Ìà àAs€we€perceive€it,€the€first€issue€that€we€must€resolve€is€whetherÏor€not€Chapter€110€of€the€Private€œActs,€1971›€precludes€a€Shelby€CountyÏofficial€from€filing€a€petition€to€seek€a€pay€increase€for€the€employees€ofÏhis€department€pursuant€to€T.C.A.€ðþÿð€8„20„101.€€Defendants€contend€thatÏpursuant€to€the€provisions€of€Chapter€œ110òò€óóof›€œthe€Private›€œActs,€1971›€saidÏAct€provides€the€sole€means€for€seeking€an€increase€in€the€salaries€ofÏcounty€employees.€€Ìà àThe€Civil€Service€Merit€System€of€Shelby€County€was€œcreated›€withÏthe€enactment€of€Chapter€œ110€of›€the€Private€œActs,€1971.›€œAll›€Shelby€CountyÏemployees€are€covered€by€this€Act,€including€the€employees€affected€byÏplaintiffððs€petition.€€The€Act€also€established€the€Civil€Service€MeritÏBoard€whose€powers€and€duties€are€spelled€out€in€part€as€follows:ÌÓÓÌà8 àò òSection€6.€POWERS€AND€DUTIES€OF€BOARD.ó ó€€The€powersÏand€duties€of€the€Civil€Service€Merit€Board€shall€be€as€follows:Ìà8 à(B)€To€make€recommendations€to€the€Secretary€and€to€theÏQuarterly€Court€concerning€the€processing,€examination,€andÏcertification€of€applicants€and€the€administration€of€theÏsystem;€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€œ(C)›€To€review€the€classification€plan,Ïcompensation€plan€and€personnel€policies€and€to€makeÏrecommendations€to€the€secretary€and€to€the€Quarterly€CourtÏregarding€their€adoption€and/or€revision;ÌÌÌÓÓà àThe€Act€also€provides€that€the€Personnel€Director€of€Shelby€CountyÏwould€serve€as€the€Secretary€of€the€Civil€Service€Merit€Board.€€The€dutiesÏand€responsibilities€of€the€Secretary€were€set€forth€in€the€Act,€whichÏincluded€preparing€a€classification€plan€that€would€seek€to€maintainÏequity€in€compensation€among€the€various€county€employees,€based€uponÏobjective€criteria.€€Pursuant€to€this€classification€plan,€the€Civil€ServiceÏMerit€Board€promulgated€a€schedule€of€compensation€for€all€countyÏemployees.€€In€this€regard€the€Boardððs€responsibility€is€as€follows:ÌÓÓÌà8 àò òSECTION€11.€SCHEDULE€OF€COMPENSATION.ó ó€€For€each€classÏof€positions€established€in€the€classification€plan,€a€studyÏshall€be€made€of€the€rates€paid€for€similar€services€elsewhereÏand€of€other€information€pertaining€to€proper€rates€ofÏcompensation€and€a€schedule€shall€show€for€each€class€aÏminimum€salary€rate,€a€maximum€salary€rate€and€suchÏintermediate€rate€or€rates€as€is€equitable€and€proper.ÌÌÌÓÓà àPlaintiff€contends€that€as€Criminal€Court€Clerk€of€Shelby€County€heÏhas€the€alternative€right€to€seek€salary€increases€for€employees€in€hisÍoffice€by€the€filing€of€a€petition€pursuant€to€T.C.A.€ðþÿð€8„20„101€òòet€œseq.óó.›€ÏPlaintiff€further€contends€that€pursuant€to€said€code€section,€the€trialÏcourt€is€endowed€with€the€power€to€adjudicate€matters€authorizing€theÏposition€and€salaries€of€deputy€clerks€and€assistants.€€The€pertinentÏprovisions€of€T.C.A.€ðþÿð€8„20„101€are€as€follows:ÌÓÓÌà8 àò ò8„20„101.€€Application€for€authority€to€employÏdeputies.„„ó ó(a)€Where€any€one€(1)€of€the€.€.€.€clerks€of€probate,Ïcriminal,€civil€and€special€courts,.€.€.€cannot€properly€andÏefficiently€conduct€the€affairs€and€transact€the€business€ofÏsuch€personððs€office€by€devoting€such€personððs€entire€workingÏtime€thereto,€such€person€òòmay€employ€such€deputies€andÏassistants€as€may€be€actually€necessary€to€the€properÏconducting€of€such€personððs€office€óóin€the€following€manner€andÏunder€the€following€conditions,€namely:Ìà8 àà à(1)€The€òòclerksóó€of€the€circuit,€òòcriminal€and€special€courtsóóÏmay€make€application€to€the€judge,€or€any€one€(1)€of€the€judgesÏof€their€respective€courts,.€.€.€by€òòpetition€duly€sworn€to,Ïsetting€forth€the€facts€showing€the€necessity€for€a€deputy€orÏdeputies€or€assistants,€the€number€required€and€setting€forthÏthe€salary€that€should€be€paid€to€each;óó€(Emphasis€added).ÌÌÌÓÓà àT.C.A.€ðþÿð€8„20„102€requires€that€any€petition€brought€by€a€clerk€of€aÏcourt€shall€name€the€county€executive€as€defendant.€€The€trial€court€isÏalso€given€power€to€modify€in€an€appropriate€way€the€petitionððs€requests,Ïas€follows:ÌÓÓÌà8 àThe€court€may€allow€or€disallow€the€application,€either€inÏwhole€or€in€part,€and€may€allow€the€whole€number€of€deputiesÍor€assistants€applied€for€or€a€less€number,€and€may€allow€theÏsalaries€set€out€in€the€application€or€smaller€salaries,€all€asÏthe€facts€justify.ÌÌÌÓÓà àPlaintiff€contends€that€pursuant€to€ðþÿððþÿð€8„20„101€and€102,€theÏtrial€court€is€given€the€discretion€to€grant€the€clerkððs€application€toÏemploy€additional€deputy€clerks€as€well€as€to€establish€their€salaries.€€InÏsupport€of€this€contention,€plaintiff€cites€òòDulaney€v.€McKameyóó,€856€S.W.2dÏ144€(Tenn.€App.€1992),€a€case€originating€out€of€Sullivan€County.€€WhileÏgood€authority€as€far€as€it€goes,€it€is€not€relevant€to€the€issue€before€us€inÏthe€case€under€consideration€as€in€Sullivan€County€there€was€no€œprivate›Ïœact›€similar€to€the€Private€œAct›œs,€1971›€in€existence€at€the€time€theÏplaintiffððs€petition€was€filed.Ìà àDefendants€contend€that€T.C.A.€ðþÿð€8„20„101€is€inapplicable€toÏShelby€County€employees€as€a€result€of€the€passage€of€Chapter€110€of€theÏPrivate€œActs,€1971,›€òòcitingóó€òòShelby€County€Civil€Service€Merit€Board€v.ÏLivelyóó,€692€S.W.2d€15€(Tenn.€1985).€€In€òòLivelyóó€the€issue€before€the€court€atÏthat€time€was€whether€or€not€the€sheriff€of€Shelby€County€had€theÏauthority€to€terminate€certain€commissioned€deputies€pursuant€to€T.C.A.Ïðþÿð€8„2009,€which€provided€that€sheriffs€had€the€power€to€terminate€anyÏdepute€at€will.€€The€supreme€court€in€òòLivelyóó€held€that€œthe›œ€Private›€œActs,Í1971›€superseded€the€general€statuteð"ððþÿð€8„2009ð"ðand€extended€jobÏprotection€regarding€termination€to€Shelby€County€deputies,€noting€thatÏthe€œprivate›€œact›€in€question€specifically€exempted€Shelby€County€from€theÏprovisions€of€T.C.A.€ðþÿð€8„2009.Ìà àWhile€relevant,€we€do€not€have€the€òòLivelyóó€issue€before€us,€but€aÏdifferent€oneð"ðwhether€or€not€the€process€outlined€in€the€œPrivate›€œActs,Ï1971›€provided€the€only€means€by€which€the€Criminal€Court€Clerk€mightÏpetition€for€an€increase€in€pay€of€his€or€her€employees.€€It€is€appropriateÏthat€we€here€note€some€of€the€observations€made€by€the€òòLivelyóó€courtÏregarding€this€private€act,€noting€first€the€General€Assemblyððs€motivationÏin€enacting€same:ÌÓÓÌà8 àIt€is€our€opinion€that€the€General€Assembly€classified€ShelbyÏCounty€separately€with€respect€to€the€Civil€Service€status€ofÏdeputy€sheriffs,€ò òas€well€as€employees€of€many€otherÏcounty€officialsó ó,€because€of€the€number€and€complexity€ofÏthe€county€personnel€and€because€of€its€desire€to€place€all€ofÏthe€ð ðassistants€and€deputiesðð€of€the€sheriff,€as€well€as€thoseÏof€other€county€officers€under€tenured€civil€serviceÏsystems...(Emphasis€added).ÌòòÌLivelyóó€at€19.ÌÌÌÓÓà àThe€òòLivelyóó€court€then€concluded€that€ð ðThe€creation€of€a€civil€serviceÏsystem€for€a€local€government€is€a€legitimate€objective€of€the€GeneralÍAssembly,€and€one€which€it€may€accomplish€within€rather€broad€limits.ððÏòòId.óó€at€19.Ìà àIn€addition€the€òòLivelyóó€court€acknowledged€the€potential€for€conflictÏto€develop€between€any€civil€service€system€and€the€general€statutesÏgoverning€county€employees,€such€as€T.C.A.€ðþÿð€8„20„101€òòet€œseq.:óó›ÌÓÓÌà8 àAlmost€any€county€civil€service€system€would€conflict€withÏthe€general€statutes€if€it€involved€employees€of€the€countyÏofficers€covered€by€T.C.A.€ðþÿð€8„20„101.€€òòNevertheless,€it€isÏwell„settled€that€in€the€structuring€of€county€and€municipalÏgovernments,€the€General€Assembly€has€broad€authority.€€ThisÏis€almost€unlimited€when€private€legislation€does€notÏcontravene€some€mandatorily€applicable€general€state€law.óóÌÌòòId.óó€at€18.(Emphasis€added).ÌÌÌÓÓà àIn€òòKnox€County€Ex€Rel.€Kessel€v.€Personnel€Bd.óó,€753€S.W.2d€357€(Tenn.ÏApp.€1988)€this€court€held€as€a€general€proposition€that€a€private€actÏauthorizing€the€establishment€of€a€system€of€personnel€administration€forÏcounty€employees€based€upon€merit€principles€was€to€be€given€a€liberalÏconstruction.Ìà àœHowever,€in€the€case€at€bar,€the€Private€Acts,€1971€failed€toÏexpressly€provide€that€T.C.A.€ðþÿð€8„20„101€òòet€seqóó€was€no€longer€applicableÏin€Shelby€County.€€Accordingly,€we€are€constrained€to€find€that€the€trialÏcourt€correctly€allowed€plaintiff€to€proceed€with€his€petition›€pursuant€toÍthe€provisions€of€T.C.A.€ðþÿð€8„20„101€òòet€œseqóó.›€€€œWe›€resolve€this€issue€inÏfavor€of€plaintiff.€à àœÌà àTurning›€now€to€the€second€issue,€that€of€the€preponderance€of€theÏevidence,€defendants€contend€that€even€if€the€private€act€establishing€theÏShelby€County€Civil€Service€Merit€Board€does€not€preempt€or€override€ðþÿðÏ8„20„101€òòet€œseqóó,›€nonetheless€plaintiff€failed€to€carry€the€burden€of€proof.€ÏIn€òòDulaney€v.€McKameyóó,€856€S.W.2d€144,€146€(Tenn.€App.€1992),€this€courtÏstated:€ÌÓÓÌà8 à.€.€.€[W]e€note€that€an€application€for€authority€to€employÏdeputies€or€assistants€and€to€establish€their€salaries€is€to€beÏtreated€no€differently€than€any€other€lawsuit.€€Therefore,€theÏaction€of€the€trial€court€must€be€based€on€findings€of€factÏestablished€by€a€preponderance€of€the€evidence.€.€.€.ÌÌœòòSee›€alsoóó€òòCunningham€v.€Mooreóó,€604€S.W.2d€866,€868€(Tenn.€App.€1980).ÌÌÌÓÓà àFrom€an€examination€of€the€record,€we€observe€that€while€plaintiffÏpresented€four€witnesses,€all€of€whom€testified€as€to€the€need€for€theÏpositions€at€issue,€there€was€no€objective€proof€as€to€why€the€payÏincreases€should€be€made,€or€why€these€increases€should€exceed€theÏmandated€four€percent.€€Ìà àWe€are€of€the€opinion€that€the€plaintiff€failed€to€carry€the€burden€ofÏproof€thrust€upon€him€and€that€he€has€failed€to€make€out€a€òòprima€faciaóóÍcase€in€this€regard.€€€€€€€Ìà àAccordingly,€we€are€compelled€to€reverse€the€judgment€of€the€trialÏcourt€in€awarding€the€increase€in€the€salaries€contested€by€defendants€inÏthe€amounts€that€he€did.€€We€further€remand€this€case€to€the€trial€courtÏfor€a€further€hearing€or€rehearing,€in€which€the€plaintiff€œis›€required€toÏpresent€to€the€court€objective€proof€that€such€salary€increases€are€neededÏand€are€commensurate€with€the€quality€and€quantity€of€work€performed€byÏthe€respective€employees.€€œà àInasmuch›€as€the€record€reflects€that€plaintiffÏhas€at€least€on€one€occasion€discussed€the€matter€of€a€employeeÏcompensation€study€to€be€conducted€by€the€Shelby€County€œAdministrator€of›ÏœPersonnel,›€while€not€legally€œmandated›€we€think€it€would€be€in€keepingÏwith€the€spirit€of€the€appropriate€provisions€of€Chapter€110€of€the€PrivateÏActs€of€1971€for€plaintiff€to€request€the€œAdministrator›€to€perform€aÏcompensation€study€on€the€specific€salary€increases€with€which€thisÏappeal€is€concerned.€€Ìà àAccordingly,€this€cause€is€remanded€to€the€Criminal€Court€of€ShelbyÏCounty€for€further€proceedings€not€inconsistent€with€this€opinion.€€CostsÏin€this€cause€on€appeal€are€taxed€one„half€to€plaintiff€and€one„half€toÏdefendants.Ìà àÌÔ€Ԝ̛ÓÓà àà àà àà àà àœà à_________________________________________›Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àTOMLIN,€Sr.€J.ÌÌÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àœ_________________________________________›Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àœCRAWFORD,€P.€J.,€W.€S.›à à(CONCURS)ÌÌÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àœ_________________________________________›Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àœHIGHERS,€J.›à àà àà à(CONCURS)Ì