ÿWPCg, …# VUNa %¯ 0µU:Ñ 4  0Ã. 0Dñ 0J5 0TÓ 0^Ów@1 0hq 0rÙ 0|K 0†Ç 0M 1uÝU,R 0d~U,â BU>+U *iU*“B)½DCæ AM)¼v·2 D3é.'J 0@qÀ±v~q#vÓï$ AOÂ*Æ+ 0D×+ D/, BJ,˜HP LaserJet 4Si/4SiMX PS 600dpiPSCRIPTÀÌÀääÀÀÌ0 (ÈhH  Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX(ô%$¡¡ÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal[  AØ'ÿ Legal AØ'ÿ Legal AØ'ÿ LegalTÑÑÑÑÑÒ°ÒÒ„°ÒÔ€XhXXXÔÓÓÑ7€hXXdðXXdð7Ñ, øð AZ‹"Arial Regular»~g 3|xè(s(2Ù$¤¤Ý ƒ%!ÝÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑѰÑѰÑÒ°ÒÒ„°ÒÔ€X¸„XXXÔÓÓÑ7€…pXXdìdì7ÑÝ  ÝѰÑѰÑÒ°ÒÒ°„ÒÓ  ÓÔ€òªòXX¸„Ôà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÔÕÖרÙDÚÛRÜRÝÓ€26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô  ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)< Œ 9p`(ModernP ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(Monaco d< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman< Œ 9p`(Arial< Œ 9p`(Times% Line 7 d%%%%7Border 1dd€-&Cþÿ << Gÿÿ ²Ý ƒ!ÝÔ€ÔÔ€"ÔÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÒ  ÒÒ „ ÒÔ€#ÔÓÓÑ#€d#ÑÝ  ÝÔ€#ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€#XÔÌÌò òMarchÏ15,Ï1996ÌÌCecilÏCrowson,ÏJr.ÌÔ€#ôÔAppellateÏCourtÏClerkó ó ­Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€"ÔÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÒ  ÒÒ „ ÒÔ€#ÔÓÓÑ#€d#ÑÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $ÝÑ ° ÑÑ ° ÑÒ ° ÒÒ ° ÒÓ  ÓÔ€#ôÔà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÓÓJeania€Lou€Finger,€Defendant's€daughter,€received€a€one„third€interest€in€the€property€in€theÏoriginal€conveyance.€€In€1991,€Ms.€Finger€filed€for€bankruptcy€and€her€property€was€sold€to€PlaintiffÏRaymond€Lindsey.€€Ì!!!!'ÿÿdxd $Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€"ÔÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÒ  ÒÒ „ ÒÔ€#ÔÓÓÑ#€d#ÑÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $ÝÑ ° ÑÑ ° ÑÒ ° ÒÒ ° ÒÓ  ÓÔ€#ôÔà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÓÓEugene€Dixon€is€named€as€a€Defendant€in€this€suit€in€his€capacity€as€Trustee.Ì Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€"ÔÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÒ  ÒÒ „ ÒÔ€#ÔÓÓÑ#€d#ÑÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $ÝÑ ° ÑÑ ° ÑÒ ° ÒÒ ° ÒÓ  ÓÔ€#ôÔà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÓÓDefendant's€counsel€misreads€the€trial€court's€findings€with€regard€to€the€effect€of€Defendant'sÏfailure€to€register€the€deed€of€trust.€€It€is€correct,€as€counsel€states,€that€a€deed€of€trust€is€valid€between€theÏparties€without€registration.€€òòFidelity€Mut.€Life€Ins.€Co.€v.€Wallóó,€167€Tenn.€207,€213,€68€S.W.2d€108,€110Ï(1934).€€The€lower€court€did€not€find€to€the€contrary.€€Rather,€the€chancellor€found€that€Defendant's€failureÏto€record€the€deed€of€trust,€combined€with€the€other€factors€cited€herein,€was€repugnant€to€Defendant'sÏclaim€that€the€deed€of€trust€was€valid.€€€Ì("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò ¶Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€"ÔÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÒ  ÒÒ „ ÒÔ€#ÔÓÓÑ#€d#ÑÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $ÝÑ ° ÑÑ ° ÑÒ ° ÒÒ ° ÒÓ  ÓÔ€#ôÔà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÓÓDefendant€argues€that€copies€of€the€demand€note€and€deed€of€trust€were€admissible€pursuant€toÏTenn.€R.€Evid.€1001(4),€1005€(Michie€1995).€€The€trial€court€did€not€find€that€the€documents€wereÏinadmissible.€€Rather,€the€lower€court€found€that€Defendant's€inability€to€produce€the€demand€note€andÏdeed€of€trust,€combined€with€evidence€that€Defendant€agreed€to€destroy€the€demand€note,€wasÏinconsistent€with€Defendant's€claim€that€the€demand€note€and€deed€of€trust€remained€valid.€€ÌPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'@Styl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑMonacoÑÑ ÑÒ  BA: T Monaco ÒÒ  BA: T Monaco Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÓ&€  X„d&ÓÑ#€  Xd#ÑÔ€"ÔÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÒ  ÒÒ „ ÒÔ€#ÔÓÓÑ#€$$Xd#ÑÑ#€$$Xd#ÑÝ  ÝÒ ° ÒÒ ° ÒÓ  ÓÑ ° ÑÑ ° ÑÑ7€…pXXdìXXdì7ÑÓÓÙ€€ÙßL€'(&;+'h|` à. `€€LßÌ.à@ àò òIN€THE€COURT€OFÏAPPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌà@ àWESTERN€SECTION€ATÏKNOXVILLEÌÌÌRAYMOND€LINDSEY€à àà àà à)Ìand€JOHNNIE€FAYE€LOWE,€€à àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àó óPlaintiffs/Appellees,à àò ò)€€Blount€ChanceryÏNo.€93„056Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)ÌVS.à àà àà àà àà àà à)€€Appeal€No.Ï03A01„9508„CH„00263Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)ÌEUGENE€LINDSEY,à àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àó óDefendant/Appellant.à àò ò)ó óÌÌÌà@ àAPPEAL€FROM€THEÏCHANCERY€COURT€OF€BLOUNT€COUNTYÌà@ àAT€MARYVILLE,€TENNESSEEÌà@ àTHE€HONORABLE€CHESTERÏS.€RAINWATER,€CHANCELLORÌÌÌÌÌÌÌò òEUGENE€B.€DIXONÌKOELLA€&€DIXON€ATTORNEYSÌó óMaryville,€TennesseeÌAttorney€for€AppellantÌÌÌò òPHILLIP€REEDÌREED€&€HICKMAN,€P.A.Ìó óMaryville,€TennesseeÌAttorney€for€AppelleesÌÌÌÌÌÌò òAFFIRMEDÌÌÌÌÌÌÌó óà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àò òALAN€E.€HIGHERS,€J.ÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌW.€FRANK€CRAWFORD,€P.J.,€W.S.ÌÌDAVID€R.€FARMER,€J.ÌÌó óÌÌÌÑ7€¸„XXdæXXdì7ÑÓÓà àThis€case€involves€an€unfortunate€dispute€between€a€father€and€his€children.€ÏPlaintiffs,€Raymond€Lindsey€and€Johnnie€Faye€Lowe,€brought€suit€for€an€injunctionÏpursuant€to€T.C.A.€ðð€29„23„201€(Michie€1980).× ƒ) ××  ×€€Plaintiffs€sought€to€prevent€their€father,ÏDefendant€Eugene€Lindsey,€from€bringing€foreclosure€proceedings€on€a€note€andÏdeed€of€trust€covering€certain€real€property€located€in€Blount€County,€Tennessee.€€TheÏtrial€court€granted€Plaintiffs€request€for€an€injunction,€and€Defendants€perfected€theÏpresent€appeal.€ÌÌà àOn€August€25,€1983,€Eugene€Lindsey€conveyed,€by€warranty€deed,€5.49€acresÏof€land€to€his€three€adult€children,€Raymond€Lindsey,€Johnnie€Faye€Lowe,€and€JeaniaÍLou€Finger.€€Contemporaneously,€the€parties€executed€a€deed€of€trust€to€secureÏpayment€of€a€$70,000€demand€note.€€Although€Defendant€recorded€the€warranty€deedÏsoon€after€the€conveyance,€the€deed€of€trust€was€not€recorded€until€January€29,€1993.€€ÌÌà àBy€oral€agreement€of€the€parties,€Defendant€continued€to€reside€in€the€homeÏlocated€on€the€5.49€acres.€€Defendant€did€not€pay€rent€to€Plaintiffs.€€DefendantÏmaintained€the€house,€insured€the€property,€and€paid€the€property€taxes€on€the€land.€ÏAccording€to€Plaintiff€Raymond€Lindsey,€the€purpose€of€the€$70,000€demand€note€wasÏto€provide€security€to€Defendant,€ensuring€him€that€his€children€could€not€one€day€forceÏDefendant€off€the€property.€There€was€also€testimony€that€Defendant€was€worried€thatÏ"some€woman"€would€take€the€land€away€from€him.€€Defendant€admitted€that€the€"saleÏprice"€of€the€property€was€not€negotiated€by€the€parties.€€Raymond€Lindsey€testifiedÏthat€all€of€the€parties€agreed€that€Defendant€would€never€attempt€to€collect€on€theÏdemand€note.€This€testimony€was€corroborated€by€Danny€Covington,€Raymond's€son„in€law,€and€Brenda€Lindsey,€Raymond's€wife.€ÌÌà àDefendant€testified€that€he€did€not€give€the€property€to€Plaintiffs;€rather,ÏDefendant€stated€that€he€sold€the€property€to€his€children€and€could€collect€on€theÏdemand€note€at€any€time.€€Defendant€stated€that€he€could€not€recall€why€he€recordedÏthe€warranty€deed€in€1983€but€did€not€record€the€deed€of€trust€until€1993.€€Defendant'sÏtestimony€that€he€sold€the€land€to€his€children€was€corroborated€by€Jeania€Lou€Finger,ÏDefendant's€daughter.€€€Ms.€Finger€stated€that€at€no€time€did€she€think€her€father€wasÏgiving€the€5.49€acres€to€his€three€children.€€Ms.€Finger€testified€that€she€knew€her€fatherÍcould€collect€on€the€demand€note.€€€Ìà àIn€1988,€the€Plaintiffs€conveyed€to€Defendant,€by€warranty€deed,€a€life€estate€inÏthe€same€5.49€acres.€€The€warranty€deed€was€signed€by€Raymond€Lindsey,€JohnnieÏFaye€Lowe,€and€Jeania€Lou€Finger€and€recorded€at€the€Register€of€Deeds'€office€inÏBlount€County,€Tennessee,€on€October€22,€1988.€€Plaintiffs€allege€that€the€warrantyÏdeed€conveyed€a€life€estate€to€the€Defendant,€replacing€the€deed€of€trust€and€demandÏnote.€€Raymond€Lindsey€testified,€contrary€to€the€testimony€of€Defendant,€thatÏDefendant€agreed€to€tear€up€the€demand€note€when€he€accepted€the€life€estate.€€TheÏoriginal€demand€note€was€not€produced€at€trial.€€However,€there€is€no€written€releaseÏof€the€note€or€deed€of€trust,€and€the€parties€hotly€contested€the€effect€of€the€life€estate€atÏtrial.€€ÌÌà àPlaintiffs€rely€on€Defendant's€deposition,€taken€due€to€insurance€coverageÏlitigation€that€followed€a€fire€on€the€property€in€1990,€for€their€argument€that€the€lifeÏestate€given€to€Defendant€in€1988€nullified€the€original€deed€of€trust.€€In€that€deposition,ÏDefendant€acknowledged€that€he€had€given€the€house€to€his€children€and€retained€aÏlife€estate€for€himself.€€However,€at€trial€Defendant€testified€that€he€had€heard€of,€butÏhad€never€seen,€the€warranty€deed€conveying€a€life€estate€to€him.ÌÌà àIn€1991,€Jeania€Lou€Finger€filed€for€Bankruptcy.€€Defendant,€through€anÏattorney,€filed€a€claim€as€an€unsecured€creditor€for€$70,000,€relying€on€the€unrecordedÏdeed€of€trust€and€the€demand€note,€which€was€at€that€time€lost.€The€bankruptcy€courtÏdenied€Defendant's€claim,€and€the€property€was€eventually€sold€in€a€private€trustee'sÍsale€to€Plaintiff€Raymond€Lindsey,€who€received€a€trustee's€deed€representing€Ms.ÏFinger's€former€one„third€interest€in€the€property.€€According€to€Raymond€Lindsey,ÏDefendant€encouraged€him€to€buy€Ms.€Finger's€share€of€the€property.€€Defendant'sÏtestimony€was€that€he€neither€received€notice€of€the€impending€trustee's€sale€of€Ms.ÏFinger's€share€of€the€property,€nor€discussed€the€sale€with€Raymond.€However,ÏDefendant€admitted€that€Raymond€Lindsey€told€him€about€the€sale.€ÌÌà àOn€February€25,€1993,€Eugene€Dixon,× ƒ+ ××  ×€attorney€for€Defendant€and€also€aÏnamed€Defendant€in€this€case,€sent€a€letter€to€Plaintiffs€requiring€that€payment€on€theÏdemand€note€be€made€immediately.€€When€Plaintiffs€failed€to€meet€Defendant'sÏdemand,€Mr.€Dixon€scheduled€a€foreclosure€sale,€to€take€place€June€14,€1993.€ÏPlaintiffs€thereafter€sought€a€permanent€injunction€to€prevent€Defendant€fromÏforeclosing€on€the€property.€Ìà àThe€lower€court€made€the€following€findings€of€fact:ÌÓÓà8 àà8 à1.à àThe€current€record€fee€simple€owners€of€the€property,Ïbeing€the€subject€matter€of€this€litigation€is€as€follows;Ì€Ìà8 àà8 àà àA.à àRaymond€Lindsey,€a€two„thirds€undividedÏà8 àinterest€acquired€as€follows;€a€one„thirdÏundivided€interest€by€deed€of€Eugene€Lindsey,Ïdated€April€25th,€1983.€€Recorded€in€.€.€.€BlountÏCounty,€Tennessee.€€A€one„third€undividedÏinterest€by€trustee's€deed€dated€SeptemberÏ5th,€1991,€and€recorded€in€.€.€.€Blount€County,ÏTennessee.€€Ìà8 àà8 àÌà8 àà8 àà àB.à àJohnnie€Faye€Lowe,€a€one„third€undividedÏà8 àà8 àà8 àà8 àà8 àà8 àà8 àà8 àà8 àinterest€byÏdeedÏofÏEu…geneÏLindseyÏdatedÏAu…gustÏ25th,Ï1983.€ÏRe…cord…ed€in€.Ï.€.ÏBlountÏCoun…ty,ÏTen…nessee.ÌÌà8 àà8 àà àC.à àEugene€Lindsey,€a€life€estate€in€the€wholeÏà8 àà8 àacquired€by€deed€datedÏSeptember€26th,€1988.€ÏRecorded€in€.€.€.€Blount€County,ÏTennessee.€€ÌÌà8 àà8 àà àD.€€Said€property€is€the€subject€of€a€deed€of€trustÏà8 àà8 àexecuted€by€Raymond€Lindsey,ÏJohnnie€Faye€Lowe,€and€JeaniaÏLou€Finger€dated€August€25th,Ï1983.€€Recorded€January€29th,Ï1993€.€.€.€.€€The€validity€of€thisÏDeed€of€Trust€is€now€here€inÏquestion.€ÌÌÌÓÓà àSince€this€case€was€tried€by€the€court€sitting€without€a€jury,€we€review€the€caseÏòòde€novoóó€upon€the€record€with€a€presumption€of€correctness€of€the€findings€of€fact€by€theÏtrial€court.€€Unless€evidence€preponderates€against€the€findings,€we€must€affirm,Íabsent€error€of€law.€€T.R.A.P.€13(d)€(Michie€1995).€€ÌÌà àThe€weight,€faith,€and€credit€to€be€given€to€any€witness'€testimony€lies€in€the€firstÏinstance€with€the€trier€of€fact.€€The€credibility€accorded€the€witness€will€be€given€greatÏweight€by€the€appellate€court.€€òòTown€of€Alamo€v.€Forcum„James€Co.óó,€205€Tenn.€478,Ï483,€327€S.W.2d€47,€49€(1959);€òòMays€v.€Brighton€Bandóó,€832€S.W.2d€347,€351€(Tenn.ÏApp.€1992).€€In€this€vein,€we€agree€with€the€trial€court's€statement€that:ÌÓÓà8 àà8 àThe€.€.€.€testimony€that€has€been€offered€is€conflicting,€it'sÏcontradictory,€in€many€instances€confusing€and€also€inÏcertain€vital€respects€irreconcilable.€€Therefore,€the€Court€isÏcalled€upon€to€examine€the€entire€record,€weigh€theÏtestimony€of€the€respective€witnesses€and€determine€theÏcredibility€thereof€and€from€the€entire€record€to€find€whereÏthe€preponderance€of€the€evidence€may€lie€and€to€renderÏjudgement€thereon.€ÌÌÌÓÓà àAlthough€counsel€have€presented€a€number€of€issues,€we€find€the€dispositiveÏissue€to€be€whether€or€not€Eugene€Lindsey€may€proceed€with€foreclosure€proceedingsÏon€the€deed€of€trust.€€ÌÌà àThe€trial€court€found€that€Defendant€reached€an€accord€and€satisfaction€on€theÏdemand€note€and€Deed€of€Trust,€and€that€Defendant€was€therefore€estopped€to€pursueÏforeclosure.€€An€accord€is€an€agreement€whereby:ÌÓÓà8 àà8 à[O]ne€of€the€parties€undertakes€to€give€or€perform,€and€theÏother€to€accept€in€satisfaction€of€a€claim,€liquidated€€or€inÏdispute,€and€arising€either€from€contract€or€from€tort,Ïsomething€other€than€or€different€from€what€he€is€orÏconsiders€himself€entitled€to;€and€a€satisfaction€is€theÏexecution€of€such€agreement.€€Ìà8 àà8 à.€.€.€.€ÌÌà8 àà8 àà àTo€constitute€a€valid€accord€and€satisfaction€it€is€alsoÏessential€that€what€is€given€or€agreed€to€be€performed€shallÏbe€offered€as€a€satisfaction€and€extinction€of€the€originalÏdemand;€that€the€debtor€shall€intend€it€as€a€satisfaction€ofÏsuch€obligation,€and€that€such€intention€shall€be€madeÏknown€to€the€creditor€in€some€unmistakable€manner.€€It€isÏequally€essential€that€the€creditor€shall€have€accepted€itÏwith€the€intention€that€it€should€operate€as€a€satisfaction.€.€.€.ÏThe€intention€of€the€parties,€which€is€of€course€controllingÏmust€be€determined€from€all€the€circumstances€attendingÏthe€transaction.€€ÌÌÓÓòòR.€J.€Betterton€Mgmt.€Serv.€v.€Whittemoreóó,€733€S.W.2d€880,€882€(Tenn.€App.€1987).ÌWhether€there€has€been€an€accord€and€satisfaction€is€a€question€of€fact€to€beÏdetermined€by€the€trier€of€fact.€€òòHelms€v.€Weaveróó,€770€S.W.2d€552,€554€(Tenn.€App.Ï1989).ÌÌà àThe€lower€court's€finding€of€an€accord€and€satisfaction€was€based€on€the€factÏthat,€in€the€ten€years€following€the€parties'€execution€of€the€demand€note,€Defendant€Ïnever€attempted€to€collect€on€it.€€Defendant€did€not€record€the€note€until€1993.× ƒ, ××  ×€€ThereÏwas€testimony€that€Defendant€promised€to€tear€up€the€demand€note€when€he€acceptedÏthe€life€estate.€€Consistent€with€that€testimony€is€the€fact€that€Defendant€could€notÏproduce€the€original€demand€note€at€trial.× ƒ. ××  ×€€€Defendant€lived€on€the€property€rent€free,Ímaintained€the€property,€insured€the€property,€and€paid€taxes€on€the€property.€€TheÏcourt€found€those€actions€to€be€inconsistent€with€Defendant's€claim€that€Plaintiffs€ownÏthe€5.49€acres€and€that€the€deed€of€trust€remains€valid.€€Finally,€we€accord€muchÏweight€to€the€trial€court's€assessment€of€the€witnesses'€credibility,€particularly€its€findingÏthat€Defendant's€lack€of€recollection€of€numerous€significant€events€surrounding€theÏparties'€transactions€made€Defendant's€testimony€unreliable.€€ÌÌà àDefendant's€counsel€argues€that€the€lower€court€erred€in€admitting€parolÏevidence€regarding€the€parties'€intentions€in€executing€the€deed€of€trust€and€demandÏnote.€€Counsel€is€correct€in€stating€that,€"when€a€contract€is€clear€and€unambiguous,Ïthe€parties'€intentions€are€to€be€determined€from€the€four€corners€of€the€contract."€ÏòòBokor€v.€Holderóó,€722€S.W.2d€676,€679€(Tenn.€App.€1986).€€However,€although€theÏ1983€demand€note€and€deed€of€trust€are€clear,€the€1988€warranty€deed€transferring€aÏlife€estate€to€Defendant€is€ambiguous.€€The€stated€consideration€in€the€1988€warrantyÏdeed€is€"[o]ne€Dollar€($1.00)€and€other€good€and€valuable€considerations€.€.€.€"€€In€òòPerryÏv.€Central€Southern€Railroad€Coóó,€45€Tenn.€(5€Cold.)€138€(1867),€the€court€stated:€Ï"[A]lthough€the€grantor€is€estopped€by€the€recital€in€the€deed€from€denying€theÏconsideration€expressed,€yet€he€is€not€estopped€from€proving€there€were€otherÏconsiderations€than€the€one€expressed€in€the€deed."€€òòIdóó.€at€143.€€In€the€present€case,Ïthere€was€evidence€that€the€true€consideration€for€conveying€a€life€estate€to€DefendantÏwas€that€Defendant€would€"kill,"€or€destroy,€the€note.€The€parties'€original€intentions€inÍexecuting€the€1983€deed€of€trust€and€demand€note€were€relevant€to€the€trial€court'sÏdetermination€of€the€true€consideration€for€the€1988€agreement.€€The€parol€evidenceÏrule€does€not€bar€extraneous€evidence€of€a€later€written€agreement,€òòBrunson€v.ÏGladishóó,€174€Tenn.€309,€316,€125€S.W.2d€144,€147€(1939);€òòGRW€Enterprises,€Inc.€v.ÏDavisóó,€797€S.W.2d€606,€610€(Tenn.€App.€1990),€€even€where€the€ÌÓÓà8 àà8 àsubsequent€agreement€may€have€the€effect€of€adding€to,Ïchanging,€modifying€or€even€altogether€abrogating€theÏcontract€of€the€parties€as€evidenced€by€the€writing;€for€theÏparol€evidence€[rule]€does€not€in€any€way€deny€that€theÏoriginal€agreement€of€the€parties€was€that€which€the€writingÏpurports€to€express,€but€merely€goes€to€show€that€theÏparties€have€exercised€their€right€to€change€or€abrogate€theÏsame,€or€to€make€a€new€and€independent€contract.ÌÌÓÓòòBrunsonóó,€174€Tenn.€at€316,€125€S.W.2d€at€147.€€Accordingly,€we€find€that€the€trial€courtÏdid€not€commit€reversible€error€in€admitting€evidence€of€the€parties'€intentions€inÏexecuting€the€demand€note€and€deed€of€trust.€€ÌÌà àFor€the€reasons€stated€herein,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed.€€CostsÏare€taxed€to€Appellant.€ÌÌÓÓà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ïóóà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àHIGHERS,€J.ÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÌCRAWFORD,€P.J.,€W.S.ÌÌÌÌòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÌFARMER,€J.ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àÌÌ