ÿWPC~ …# VUNa %¯ 0(µw@Ý4 1 @ U:H ‚ n­‚ 0‹/ 0Dº 0Jþ 0TH 0^œ 0hú 0rb 0|Ô 0†P 0Ö 1uf 0dÛU>?U6} B³B)ÐDCù AM< D3‰U*¼æ 0@þJ>v~ˆvÓ AOÙÆ( 0Dî D/2 Ba˜HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLlÎ(ÈhH  Z 6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡ çèéÓ€êUìíîDïðDñÓ€·‚^!Õ3|xü<Ô6X9`+"Courier 10cpi«<þ6X9`("Courier 10cpiXXxþ6X@É“8Ç;X@(;(2”…$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÔ€ X‹ËXXXÔà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman< Œ 9p`(Courier New d% Line 7 d''''7Border 1dd€-(Cþÿ << Gÿÿ&&&&'ÿÿdxd< Œ 9p`(Arial Ý ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€$ÔÝ  ÝÔ€+ÔÔ€+ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€+XÔÌÌò òMarch€21,€1997ÌÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€+ôÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò @Ý ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€$ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ$ÝÔ€%Ôà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝòòA€voluntary€nonsuit€was€taken€as€to€the€defendant,€James€T.€Huskey.€ÏThe€City€of€Knoxville€is€the€only€remaining€defendant€and€appellee.óóÌPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'hStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÒ  h HD: Geneva Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€$ÔÝ  ÝÑ  ÑÑ ¸ ÑÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÓ  ÓÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ7€ÌÅXXdðXXdð7ÑÔ€%ÔÙ€€ÙßR€),(A1-j|` Å `€€@ÿRßÞ ÞÌà@ àIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALSÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌMATTHEW€CHRISTIAN€LOCKABY€b/n/f€)à àKNOX€CIRCUITÌand€mother,€MARY€ELIZABETH€€€€€€)à àC.A.€NO.€03A01„9609„CV„00297ÌLOCKABY,€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€Plaintiff„Appellant€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ìvs.€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)à àHON.€DALE€C.€WORKMANÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)à àJUDGEÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)ÌCITY€OF€KNOXVILLE€and€JAMES€T.€€)€€VACATED€AND€REMANDEDÌHUSKEY,€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€Defendant„Appellee€€€€)ÌÌÌÌÌHARRY€WIERSEMA,€JR.,€Knoxville,€for€Appellant.ÌÌÌSHARON€E.€BOYCE,€Knoxville,€for€Appellee,€City€of€Knoxville.× ƒ. ××  ×€ÌÌÌÌÌÌÓÓà@ àòòO€P€I€N€I€O€NóóÌÌà€ àMcMurray,€J.ÌÌà àThe€sole€issue€presented€by€the€parties€for€our€review€isÏwhether€the€twelve€month€limitation€period€contained€Section€29„20„305(b)€of€The€Governmental€Tort€Liability€Act€(T.C.A.€ðð€29„20„101,€et€seq.),€is€tolled€by€the€filing€of€a€claim€with€theÏTennessee€Claims€Commission.€€The€trial€court€correctly€respondedÏin€the€negative€and€dismissed€the€plaintiff's€complaint€on€motionÏof€the€defendant.€€Nevertheles,€however,€for€reasons€hereinafterÏstated,€we€vacate€the€judgment€of€the€court€and€remand€the€case€toÏthe€trial€court€for€further€action.ÌÌà àOn€December€31,€1990,€William€S.€Miley,€father€of€MatthewÏChristian€Lockaby,€a€minor,€€was€killed€in€a€traffic€accident€onÏWestern€Avenue€in€Knoxville.€€Plaintiff€contends€that€waterÍdraining€from€nearby€private€property€formed€ice€on€the€road,Ïwhich€contributed€to€the€accident.€€In€1991,€plaintiff€filed€aÏcomplaint€against€the€State€of€Tennessee€with€the€ClaimsÏCommission€based€on€notice,€excessive€posted€speeds,€lack€ofÏwarnings€and€the€condition€of€the€road€ð"ð€a€state€highway.€In€1994,Ïthe€State,€as€an€affirmative€defense,€asserted€that€the€City€ofÏKnoxville€provided€for€the€improvement€and€maintenance€of€WesternÏAvenue€at€the€accident€scene,€pursuant€to€T.C.A.€ðððð€54„2„201€andÏ54„2„204.€€Plaintiff€then€filed€this€suit€against€the€City€and€theÏadjacent€property€owner.€€The€City€was€granted€a€motion€to€dismissÏbased€upon€the€time€limitations€of€The€Governmental€Tort€LiabilityÏAct€and€exemption€from€T.C.A.€ðð€20„1„119.€€This€appeal€followed.ÌÌà àPlaintiff€contends€that€the€statute€of€limitations€set€forthÏin€the€Governmental€Tort€Liability€Act,€T.C.A.€ðð€29„20„305(b),Ïwhich€was€passed€in€1973,€is€superseded€by€T.C.A.€ðð€9„8„402(b),Ïpassed€in€1984,€which€states:€"The€filing€of€the€notice€(with€theÏClaims€Commission)€tolls€all€statutes€of€limitation€as€to€otherÏpersons€potentially€liable€to€the€claimant€due€to€the€occurrenceÏfrom€which€the€claim€before€the€commission€arises."€€PlaintiffÍcontends€that€this€creates€an€irreconcilable€conflict€between€theÏtwo€statutes,€and,€consequently,€the€prior€act€is€renderedÏinoperative.€€òòSeeóó€òòChattanooga€Hamilton€County€Hospital€AuthorityÏv.€City€of€Chattanoogaóó,€580€S.W.2d€322,€327€(Tenn.€1979).ÌÌ›à àœT.C.A.›€ðð€29„20„305(b)€limits€the€time€within€which€an€actionÏcan€be€brought€against€a€governmental€agency.€€It€provides:€"SaidÏaction€must€be€commenced€within€twelve€(12)€months€after€the€causeÏof€action€arises."€€œT.C.A.€ðð€29„20„201€provides€that€when€immunityÏis€removed€pursuant€to€the€provisions€of€the€Governmental€TortÏLiability€Act,€"any€claim€for€damages€must€be€brought€in€strictÏcompliance€with€[the€statute]."€€This€Court€has€previously€heldÏthat€the€statute€of€limitations€in€the€act€must€be€strictlyÏconstrued:ÌÌÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÒ  ÒÒ  ÒÓÓà àHistorically›€governmental€entities€have€been€immuneÏfrom€suit€for€injury€resulting€from€their€activitiesÏbased€on€the€concept€of€sovereign€immunity.€€HoweverÏ[the€Governmental€Tort€Liability€Act]€now€allows€suit€toÏbe€brought€against€governmental€entities€within€certainÏlimitations.€€One€such€limitation€is€set€forth€in€T.C.A.Ïðð€29„20„305(b)€which€provides€that:€"the€action€must€beÏcommenced€within€twelve€(12)€months€after€the€cause€ofÏaction€arises."ÌÌÒ ° ÒÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÒ ° ÒòòWilliams€v.€Memphis€Light,€Gas€&€Water€Div.óó,€773€S.W.2d€522,€523Ï(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1988).€€œÌÌÓÓÌà àThe›€issue€in€òòWilliamsóó€was€whether€the€one„year€statute€ofÏlimitations€in€the€Act€could€be€extended€by€the€Tennessee€savingsÏstatute,€œT.C.A.€ðð›€28„1„105,€which€allows€an€action€to€beÏrecommenced€within€one€year€of€the€time€the€original€action€isÏnonsuited.€€The€plaintiff€in€that€case€argued€that€the€statute€ofÏlimitation€contained€in€the€œAct›€was€like€any€other€general€statuteÏof€limitations€and€could€thus€be€extended€by€the€savings€statute.€ÏThis€Court€disagreed,€and€held€that€the€savings€statute€did€notÏapply€to€the€provisions€of€the€Governmental€Tort€Liability€Act,Ïsaying:ÌÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÒ  ÒÒ  ÒœÓÓÌà àWhere›€a€statute€creates€a€new€liability€or€extendsÏa€new€right€to€bring€suit€and€that€statute€provides€aÏtime€period€within€which€to€bring€the€action,€thatÏperiod€'operates€as€a€limitation€of€the€liability€itselfÏas€created,€and€not€of€the€remedy€alone.€€It€is€aÏcondition€attached€to€the€right€to€sue€at€all.'€€œ'Time›Ïhas€œbeen€made›€the€essence€of€the€right€and€that€right€isÏlost€if€the€time€is€disregarded.'€€As€thus€defined,€theÏright€of€action€is€conditional.€€The€limitation€inheresÏin€the€right€itself.€€òòAutomobile€Sales€Co.€v.€Johnsonóó,Ï174€Tenn.€38,€122€S.W.2d€453,€457„58€(1938).€.€.€.€SinceÏthe€Act€œcreated›€a€new€liability,€it€must€be€strictlyÍconstrued.€€òòSeeóó€œòòidóó.,€122›€S.W.2d€at€543.€€In€so€doing,€weÏfind€the€twelve„month€limitation€period€of€T.C.A.€œ29„20„305(b)›€for€bringing€an€action€òòis€a€condition€precedentÏwhich€must€be€met€before€a€suit€may€be€brought€againstÏthe€governmental€entityóó.ÌÌÒ ° ÒÒ  ÒÒ ° ÒÒ ° ÒœÌòòWilliamsóó€at€523€(emphasis€ours).ÌÓÓÌ›à àThis€Court€has€also€held€that€œT.C.A.€ðð€28„1„115,€whichÏprovides€for€a€one„year€extension€of€time€to€file€a€new€complaintÏif€the€original€complaint€is€dismissed€by€a€judgment€or€decree€notÏdispositive€of€the€right€of€action,€does€not€apply€to€suits€filedÏpursuant€to€the€Governmental€Tort€Liability€Act.€€òòNance€v.€City€ofÏKnoxvilleóó,€883€S.W.2d€629€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1994).€ÌÌà àMost€significantly,€however,€is€our€decision€holding€thatÏT.C.A.€ðð€20„1„119,€which€addresses€joinder€of€defendants€inÏcomparative€fault€actions€through€amendment€of€the€complaint,›Ïcannot€be€invoked€to€extend€the€12„month€limitation€period€ofÏœT.C.A.›€ðð€29„20„305(b).€€òòSeeóó€òòGoodman€v.€Suhóó,€1995€WL€507778€(Tenn.ÏApp.),€an€unreported€decision€of€this€Court€filed€at€Knoxville,ÏAug.€29,€1995.€€As€in€this€case,€the€plaintiffs€in€òòGoodmanóó€learnedÏof€the€potential€liability€against€a€governmental€entity€afterÍhaving€filed€suit€against€another€party,€and€after€the€one€œyearÏstatute€of€limitations€in€the€Governmental€Tort€Liability€Act€hadÏrun.€€The€plaintiffs€relied›€œon€T.C.A.›€ðð€œ29„1„119.€€We›€rejected€œtheÏargument,›€holding€that€the€Governmental€Tort€Liability€Act€couldÏnot€be€circumvented€by€that€section.€€We€adhere€to€that€decisionÏand€the€reasoning€of€the€cases€cited€herein€to€hold€that€œT.C.A.€ððÏ29„20„305(b)€is€not€tolled€by€T.C.A.€ðð€9„8„402(b).€€We€rejectÏplaintiff's€contention€that€T.C.A.€ðð€9„8„402(b)€must€impliedlyÏrepeal€T.C.A.€ðð€29„20„305(b)€because€it›€is€a€more€recent€statute.€ÏWe€note€that€the€statute€that€the€plaintiffs€œrelied›€œon€in›€òòGoodmanóóÏwas€also€more€recent€than€the€Governmental€Tort€Liability€Act.ÌÌà àœThus,€for›€the€reasons€set€forth€above,€the€decision€of€theÏtrial€court€œas€to€the€issue€before€us€as€presented€by€the€partiesÏis€eminently€correct.€€We€do€not€find€this€issue€to€be€dispositiveÏof€this€appeal€however.ÌÌà àRule€13(b),€Tennessee€Rules€of€Appellate€Procedure€providesÏas€follows:ÌÌÓÓà8 àà à(b)€Consideration€of€Issues€Not€Presented€forÏReview.€Review€generally€will€extend€only€to€thoseÏissues€presented€for€review.€The€appellate€court€shallÏalso€consider€whether€the€trial€and€appellate€court€haveÏjurisdiction€over€the€subject€matter,€whether€or€notÏpresented€for€review,€and€ò òòòmay€in€its€discretionÏconsider€other€issues€in€order,€among€otherÏreasons:€(1)€to€prevent€needless€litigation,€(2)Ïto€prevent€injury€to€the€interests€of€the€public,Ïand€(3)€to€prevent€prejudice€to€the€judicialÏprocessóóó ó.€(Emphasis€supplied).ÌÌÓÓÌà àIn€view€of€the€minority€of€the€plaintiff,€we€choose€toÏexercise€our€discretion€and€consider€an€issue€not€raised€by€theÏparties€but€which€is€clearly€controlling€under€the€circumstancesÏof€the€case.ÌÌà àThe€Governmental€Tort€Liability€Act,€Section€29„20„104(b)Ïprovides€as€follows:ÌÌÓÓà8 àà àNotwithstanding€any€other€provision€of€law€to€theÏcontrary,€the€provisions€of€ðððð€28„1„106€„€28„1„108€shallÏapply€in€causes€of€action€arising€pursuant€to€thisÏchapter.ÌÌÓÓÌà àT.C.A.€ðð€28„1„106€provides€as€follows:ÌÌò òÓÓà8 àà à28„1„106.€Persons€under€disability€on€accrualÏof€right.ó ó€If€the€person€entitled€to€commence€an€actionÏis,€at€the€time€the€cause€of€action€accrued,€òòeitherÏwithin€the€age€of€eighteen€(18)€yearsóó,€or€of€unsoundÏmind,€such€person,€or€his€representatives€and€privies,Ïas€the€case€may€be,€may€commence€the€action,€after€theÏremoval€of€such€disability,€within€the€time€ofÏlimitation€for€the€particular€cause€of€action,€unless€itÏexceed€three€(3)€years,€and€in€that€case€within€threeÏ(3)€years€from€the€removal€of€such€disability.€(EmphasisÏadded).ÌÌÓÓÌà àWe€believe€that€a€dismissal€of€this€action€in€the€face€of€theÏclear€provisions€of€T.C.A.€ðððð€29„20„104(b)€and€28„1„106€wouldÏresult€in€prejudice€to€the€judicial€process€and€a€›deprivationœ€ofÏthe€minor€plaintiff€from€his€day€in€court.ÌÌà àWe€find€that€the€plaintiff's€cause€of€action€is€not€barred€byÏthe€twelve€month€period€of€limitations€set€out€in€the€GovernmentalÏTort€Liability€Act.€€Accordingly,€we€vacate€the€judgment€of€theÏtrial€court€and€remand€the€case€for€such€other€and€further€actionÏas€may€be€required.€€In€our€discretion,€we€tax€the€costs€to€theÏappellant.ÌÌÓÓà€ à______________________________Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Don€T.€McMurray,€J.ÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌHouston€M.€Goddard,€Presiding€JudgeÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌHerschel€P.€Franks,€JudgeÌÌÇÑ  ÑÑ7€×XXdéXXdé7Ñà@ àIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALSÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌMATTHEW€CHRISTIAN€LOCKABY€b/n/f€)à àKNOX€CIRCUITÌand€mother,€MARY€ELIZABETH,€€€€€)à àC.A.€NO.€03A01„9609„CV„00297Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€Plaintiff„Appellant€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ìvs.€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)à àHON.€DALE€C.€WORKMANÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)à àJUDGEÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)ÌCITY€OF€KNOXVILLE€and€JAMES€T.€€)€€VACATED€AND€REMANDEDÌHUSKEY,€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€Defendant„Appellee€€€€)ÌÌÌÌà@ àò òòòJUDGMENTóóó óÌÌÌÓÓà àThis€appeal€came€on€to€be€heard€upon€the€record€from€theÏCircuit€Court€of€Knox€County,€briefs€and€argument€of€counsel.€ÏUpon€consideration€thereof,€this€Court€is€of€the€opinion€that€theÏjudgment€of€the€trial€court€should€be€vacated.Ìà àAccordingly,€we€vacate€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€andÏremand€the€case€for€such€other€and€further€action€as€may€beÏrequired.€€In€our€discretion,€we€tax€the€costs€to€the€appellant.ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€PER€CURIAMÌ