ÿWPC zK‘V˜W¶Q(o+ BŒÄ{¥j¸;Z¶­LVA´0`&O œzuŒM:÷Ä|üü>³»²&èêE*PÛÌ·£Ä ep—?oINrdrÖE÷3+zÝÿ€‡Õ9·‡íîŒÎ‡…’;ºjc†›ëIÞ¿¶?ÓùŠíü9’ùÈ9/ˆËç§#ãÚ2çY$'ÌDM",‘Kƒ,ú‰#½“qïΕpÖgÉ ÃEcx¬ß—úSibœiî¿fߟé·g{VMôØ\{ú Ÿ4bÛÄáœs&—h'â!» Ú¦õ7½§ÊK|.`¦f¥-,¶¢Â×c¾u-|¦ïé]ßqêð5¡õ, +8!w [ Ž4¬‚Q^9•B4>;rnÓ –³±ÄÜ·˜føì•‘E)DØ FÇ Á†rëúwj#©’É!•»9°Ìâ Ç ë©‹[@ª†<Œò %‘BIËzaœ}‚hÃ.˜^œ%Ñ•¾l;åEÅC¼¹Òˆm‹MvkÄY„øˆ2µ­(3<æn]žl¡‘è‡NWssªã¬ãÂÝÀ«'Üi+ËI7“YØÓI³yIXT„’3[ö8'ÎÞEÈSÜ»µV@¢J/õ3Y;‹›k*# LU NW %¥ 0û«UN¦w@ô44H8W B 0?¬ 0Dë í/ í"UNUN]8«UNã19U:<vU:yyyyyyyy AQ³Æ 0DÊ 0D 0DRR D/–– BÅ D3â˜HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLhÎ(ÈhH  Z 6Times New Roman RegularX(Ó3c$¡¡Ñ7€|ìXXdðXXdð7ÑÑ  ÑÒ°ÒÒH°ÒÔ€¼Tþ¼XXÔÑTR[¤ AØ'ÿ Legal[¤ AØ'ÿ Legal AØ'ÿ Legal AØ'ÿ LegalTÑ(¶ÍY Z ‹6Times New Roman Regular à eáâãäåDæçÓ€ñòÖ~-&3|xô .Ý ƒ Š$ÝÒ°ÒÒH°ÒÔ€¼D˼XXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€XìÃX¼¼DËÔThe€record€shows€that€limited€partners€were€dissatisfied,€the€building€had€been€deniedÐ ° Ðhistoric€certification€due€to€improper€rehabilitation€of€the€windows,€results€of€marketingÏefforts€were€below€projected€expectations,€rental€income€was€insufficient€to€service€accountsÏpayable,€there€were€problems€in€obtaining€fire€insurance€due€to€low€building€occupancy,€twoÏtrade€creditors€had€sued€the€partnership€on€overdue€accounts,€the€lender,€Dominion€Bank,€hadÏprepared€for€and€scheduled€foreclosure€proceedings€under€the€construction€loan€documents,Ïand€the€partnership€had€taken€steps€to€file€Chapter€11€Bankruptcy.€[T.R.,€pp.€328„329]€€€€ d(ï(3Š$¤¤Ý ƒ3c!ÝÑ7€ìÃXXdðdð7ÑÑ  ÑÒ°ÒÒH°ÒÔ€¼D˼XXÔÑTR[¤ AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÝ  Ýà ` àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó ãÝ ƒ Š$ÝÒ°ÒÒH°ÒÔ€¼D˼XXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ‡¼m*¼¼¼DËÔÔ‡X‡CX¼¼m*ÔHe€does€not€know€Lipman€personally€and,€when€asked€whether€he€had€ð ðbeenÐ ° Ðinvolved€as€a€defendant€in€any€lawsuit€other€than€this€one€involving€his€real€estate€investmentsÏsince€1985,"€answered€ð ðNo.ððÔ#†XìÃXXX‡C~#ÔÔ#†¼D˼XXìÃ#ÔH ãÝ ƒ z”$ÝÒ°ÒÒH°ÒÔ€¼dÚ¼XXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ‡¼Ma¼¼¼dÚÔÔ‡Xw9X¼¼MaÔHe€does€not€know€Lipman€personally€and,€when€asked€whether€he€had€ð ðbeenÐ ° Ðinvolved€as€a€defendant€in€any€lawsuit€other€than€this€one€involving€his€real€estate€investmentsÏsince€1985,"€answered€ð ðNo.ððÔ#†X<ÎXXXw9~#ÔÔ#†¼dÚ¼XX<Î#Ô(ÈhH  Z 6Times New Roman Regular(¶ÍY Z ‹6Times New Roman Regular .Ý ƒ z”$ÝÒ°ÒÒH°ÒÔ€¼dÚ¼XXÔà ` àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€X<ÎX¼¼dÚÔThe€record€shows€that€limited€partners€were€dissatisfied,€the€building€had€been€deniedÐ ° Ðhistoric€certification€due€to€improper€rehabilitation€of€the€windows,€results€of€marketingÏefforts€were€below€projected€expectations,€rental€income€was€insufficient€to€service€accountsÏpayable,€there€were€problems€in€obtaining€fire€insurance€due€to€low€building€occupancy,€twoÏtrade€creditors€had€sued€the€partnership€on€overdue€accounts,€the€lender,€Dominion€Bank,€hadÏprepared€for€and€scheduled€foreclosure€proceedings€under€the€construction€loan€documents,Ïand€the€partnership€had€taken€steps€to€file€Chapter€11€Bankruptcy.€[T.R.,€pp.€328„329]€€€€(ÈhH  Z 6Times New Roman Regular ùÝ ƒ"¯"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€XÁs XXXÔÔ€^  XXÁsÔÓ  Óò òÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€XÁs X ^ ÔÐ  ÐÌFebruary€8,€1999ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔdAhÔó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular ùÝ ƒ"¯"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€XÁs XXXÔÔ€^  XXÁsÔÓ  Óò òÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€XÁs X ^ ÔÐ  ÐÌFebruary€5,€1999ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔdAhÔó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular!"#$&Cþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó(('÷ÿ dxdüÿP Pd 'ÿÿdxdÝ ƒ3c!ÝÑ7€ìÃXXdðdÈ7ÑÑ  ÑÒ°ÒÒH°ÒÔ€¼D˼XXÔÑTR[¤ AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÝ  Ýñçññàñ›ñàññçñÑ  ÑÓÓÔ€¼m*¼¼¼DËÔÑ7€ìûXdðXXdð7Ñò òòòÓ  Óññññçñßr€ )<,(j 8` `€€@E0±` 8ttxPh°ð  rßñçññññññññññññññçñ›ñçñññññññ›ñññÌñòñœßt€ )>.*jxîÿ` `€€@Eà` 8ttxPVð È tßñòñ›ñòñßt€ )>.*jxîÿ` `€€@Eà` 8ttxPVð È tßñññœññññòñññññññIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌAT€NASHVILLEÌÓ}ÓÌó óóóÓÓROBERT€S.€LIPMAN,à h àà À àà  à)à p àNO.€01A01„9803„CH„00139Ð  p Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)Ìà ` àœñæñPlaintiffñæññæñ›Lipmanñæñ/Appellant›à h àà À àà  à)à p àDAVIDSON€CHANCERYÐ @  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)Ìv.à ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)Ð `°  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)à p àHON.€€ELLEN€HOBBS€LYLEÐ pÀ  ÐFIRST€NATIONAL€BANK€OFà  à)à p àCHANCELLORÐ €Ð ÐBOSTON,à ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)Ð à Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)Ìà ` àDefendant/Appelleeà À àà  à)Ð ° Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)Ìandà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)Ð Ð  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)ÌALEXANDER€H.€McNEIL,€à À àà  à)Ð ð@ ÐJ.€VIRGINIA€McNEIL,à h àà À àà  à)Ð P ÐR€&€J€€KNOXVILLE,€INC.,à À àà  à)Ð ` Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)à p àAFFIRMEDÐ  p Ðà ` àFormer€Defendantsà À àà  à)à p àÐ 0€ ÐÌÌÌRobert€D.€Tuke€and€Stephen€K.€Rush,€Nashville,€for€Appellant.ÌPaul€C.€Ney,€Jr.€and€Leesa€A.€Hinson,€Nashville,€for€Appellee.ÌÌÌò òòòà@¿¿(ÌàÔ‡ Å ¼¼m*ÔO€P€I€N€I€O€NÔ#†¼m*¼  Ň #ԈР°'#! ÐÌó óóóà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àINMAN,€Senior€JudgeÐ ø)H%# ÐÌÓÓÓ  Óà ` àThe€trial€court€granted€the€motion€of€defendant€First€National€Bank€of€BostonÏ(ð ðFirst€Nationalðð)€for€summary€judgment,€which€the€plaintiff€(ð ðLipmanðð]€appeals,Ïinsisting€that€there€are€genuine€issues€of€material€fact.Ìà ` àLipman€filed€suit€against€Alex€and€Virginia€McNeil€(husband€and€wife),€FirstÏNational€Bank€of€Boston,€and€R€&€J€Knoxville,€Inc.,€when€a€real€estate€limitedÏpartnership€involving€the€McNeils€as€general€partners€and€Lipman€as€one€of€aÏnumber€of€limited€partners€sold€the€real€property€it€owned,€resulting€in€the€loss€ofÏLipmanððs€investment€because€the€proceeds€from€the€sale€were€insufficient€toÐ ø:H63d Ðreimburse€the€partners.€€€Lipman€asserted€that,€in€entering€into€a€SettlementÏAgreement€with€First€National€and€selling€the€partnership€property,€the€McNeils€hadÏconspired€with€the€bank€to€deprive€him€of€his€investment,€and€that€the€bank€hadÏinduced€the€McNeils€to€breach€their€limited€partnership€agreement€and/or€theÏfiduciary€duty€they€owed€to€him.Ìà ` àPrior€to€the€Chancery€Courtððs€ruling€on€the€McNeilsðð€summary€judgmentÏmotion,€Lipman€reached€a€settlement€with€the€McNeils.€€Former€defendant,€R€&€JÏKnoxville,€Inc.,€no€longer€exists€and€therefore€was€dismissed€as€a€defendant.€€TheÏcourt€then€heard€a€summary€judgment€motion€by€First€National,€the€only€remainingÏdefendant.€The€trial€courtððs€granting€of€the€bankððs€motion€for€summary€judgment€is€Ïthe€subject€of€this€appeal.Ìò òà@ŸŸ.ÌàIó óˆÐ ` Ðà ` àWhen€these€transactions€occurred,€the€McNeils€were€partners€in€over€oneÏhundred€real€estate€limited€partnerships€in€various€States,€which€were€mortgaged€toÏthe€extent€of€at€least€$60€million,€usually€through€First€National.€McNeil€testifiedÏthat€all€of€the€ventures€involved€bank€work„outs,€in€which€distressed€commercialÏproperty€is€purchased€with€the€aid€of€bank€financing,€refurbished,€leased€up,€and€inÏthis€case,€sold.€€McNeil€had€a€large€staff€which€investigated€potential€properties€andÏcooperated€with€the€bank€to€determine€which€projects€were€suitable€for€investment.€ÏHe€was€not€always€involved€in€day„to„day€operations;€he€remembers€someÏparticulars€but€testified€essentially€that€at€times€negotiations€were€conducted€by€hisÏand€the€Bankððs€staff.ñàñ׃ ×ñàññàñ׃×ñàñÝ ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ׀РL1œ,* ÐÓ XœX°œXÓà ` àWashington€Square€I,€the€building€which€is€the€subject€of€this€lawsuit,€wasÏowned€prior€to€these€transactions€by€a€partnership€formed€in€1983,€which€includedÐ Œ5Ü0. ÐLipman€as€a€limited€partner,€but€in€which€McNeil€had€no€interest.€€In€the€midst€ofÏfinancial€difficulties,ñàñ׃ ×ñàññàñ׃×ñàñÝ ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€and€with€Lipman€voting€in€favor,€Washington€Square€I€wasÐ Ð  Ðsold€to€a€new€partnership€in€1986.€€Alex€and€Virginia€McNeil€became€the€newÏgeneral€partners,€Lipman€became€a€limited€partner,€and€Dominion€Bank€held€theÏmortgage.€€The€partnership€undertook€to€rehabilitate,€operate,€maintain€and€lease€theÏproperty.Ìà ` àThe€McNeils€also€owned€a€group€of€commercial€buildings€known€asÏWashington€Square€II,€which€shared€common€walls,€hallways,€electrical€systemsÏand€HVAC€with€Washington€Square€I.€€Lipman€knew€that€McNeil€had€interests€inÏWashington€Square€II€when€he€voted€for€McNeil€to€assume€general€partnership€ofÏWashington€Square€I,€and€he€was€informed€of€the€overall€strategy€to€marketÏWashington€Square€I€and€II€as€a€single€property€for€purposes€of€attracting€newÏtenants.€€Ìà ` àMcNeil€testified:€ÌÓÓà8 ` àWe€all€considered€that€it€would€be€best€if€both€properties€were€joinedÏtogether€like€common€ownership.€€We€always€considered€that.€€It€wasÏrather€basic.€€It€was€much€more€efficient€for€these€properties€to€beÏjoined€together.Ð ` 8"` 8" ÐÌà ` àLipman€testified:ÌÌà ` àQ:à8 ¸ àOkay.€€When€were€you€first€informed€ñàñœñàñthat€thatñàñ›ñàñ€was€going€toÐ à)0%# Ðoccur?€€That,€you€know,€the€two€buildings€would€basically€beÏtreated€as€one€for€purposes€of€marketing€them€to€potentialÏtenants?Ð ¸ 8"¸ 8" ÐÌà ` àA:à8 ¸ àWhen€McNeil€entered€into€the€management€of€the€buildings.€Ð 0/€*( ÐThey€described€what€their€overall€strategy€was€going€to€be.Ð ¸ 8"¸ 8" ÐÐ P1 ,* Ðà ` àQ:à ¸ àBack€in€ðð86?Ð ° ÐÌà ` àA:à ¸ àWhenever€that€date€was,€yes.Ð Ð  Ðà ` àÌÓÓà ` àWhen€the€1986€Washington€Square€I€partnership€was€formed,€the€WashingtonÏSquare€I€building€was€70%€to€80%€leased€to€tenants,€although€as€noted,€it€was€notÏprofitable.€€The€Washington€Square€II€property€had€very€few,€if€any,€tenants.Ìà ` àThe€Washington€Square€II€property,€which€was€mortgaged€by€First€National,Ïalso€suffered€financial€difficulty€and,€in€August,€1987,€in€negotiations€with€thatÏbank,€McNeil€executed€a€Promissory€Note€and€Deed€of€Trust€to€First€National€forÏ$14.5€million€(ð ðthe€Washington€Square€II€noteðð),€as€well€as€a€personal€guarantee€ofÏapproximately€$8.5€million€and€a€security€interest€to€First€National€in€McNeilððsÏinterest€as€a€general€partner€in€the€Washington€Square€I€partnership.Ìà ` àOn€August€28,€1990,€after€two€extensions€of€the€due€date€on€the€$14€millionÏWashington€Square€II€note,€McNeil€and€First€National€entered€into€a€SettlementÏAgreement€which€conveyed€Washington€Square€II€to€a€wholly„owned€subsidiary€ofÏthe€bank€by€warranty€deed€dated€August€30,1990,€but€which€was€not€to€be€recordedÏuntil€January€2,€1991,€thus€allowing€time€for€McNeil€to€sell€the€property.€€TheÏAgreement€provided€specifically,€in€part:ÌÓÓà8 ` àIf,€prior€to€the€closing€date,€[McNeil]€furnishes€proof€satisfactory€toÏ[First€National]€that€Dominion€Bank€has€agreed€to€forbear€fromÏexercising€its€rights€and€remedies€with€respect€to€[Washington€SquareÏI]€for€a€period€of€six€months€from€the€date€hereof€in€order€to€permitÏAlex,€the€Company€and€[the€Washington€Square€II€Partnership]€toÏmarket€the€[Washington€Square€II€property]€together€with€theÏ[Washington€Square€I€property]€(collectively,€the€ð ðJoint€Propertiesðð)Ï.€.€.€[First€National]€agrees€.€.€.€that€the€[Washington€Square€IIÏconveyance€to€the€bank€subsidiary]€shall€not€be€recorded€at€this€time,Ïbut€shall€be€held€in€escrow€by€[First€National]€until€January€2,€1991,Ïat€which€time€they€shall€be€automatically€released€to€[First€National]Ïand€[First€National]€may€at€its€option€record€them€at€any€time.€€Ð ` 8"` 8" Ðà ` àÌÓÓà ` àThe€testimony€about€the€joint€marketing€for€sale€of€Washington€Square€I€andÏII€was€provided€through€the€depositions€of€a€bank€officer,€Lipman€and€McNeil.Ð À841 Ðà ` àMr.€Jeffrey€J.€Ingram,€commercial€real€estate€lender€(now€vice„president)€whoÏhas€been€employed€with€First€National€since€1987€and€is€the€only€person€stillÏemployed€by€the€bank€who€was€involved€with€the€McNeil€loans€testified:ÌÓÓà ` àQ:à8 ¸ àWhy€did€the€Bank€require€that€the€two€properties€[WashingtonÐ  ` ÐSquare€I€and€II]€be€marketed€jointly?Ð ¸ 8"¸ 8" ÐÌà ` àA:à ¸ àWe€didnððt€require€it.Ð @  ÐÌà ` àQ:à8 ¸ àThe€Bank€did€require€them€to€be€jointly€marketed,€did€it€not?Ð`° ¸ 8"¸ 8" ÐÌà ` àA:à8 ¸ àAs€I€recall€it,€Mr.€McNeil€asked€us€to€allow€him€to€market€itÐ €Ð  Ðjointly.Ð ¸ 8"¸ 8" ÐÌò òà@(Ìà*€€€*€€€*€€€ó óˆÐ ° ÐÌà ` àA:à8 ¸ àWe€had€collateral€interests€in€a€bunch€of€things,€but€at€no€pointÐ Î Ðdid€we€ever€tell€Alex€he€had€to€do€this,€he€had€to€do€thatà8@ú¸ 8"¸ 8"à.€€It€was€all€„€„€itððs€a€settlement€agreement.€€It€lays€out€what€„„Ð Þ. ÐÌà ` àQ:à8 ¸ àBut€it€says€heððll€sell€all€of€the€October€collateral€within€fiveÐ þN Ðyears.€€Are€you€aware€of€that€provision€in€there?Ð ¸ 8"¸ 8" ÐÌà ` àA:à8 ¸ àBut€it€doesnððt€say€„€„€where€does€the€control€come€under€that?Ð.~¸ 8"¸ 8" ÐÌà ` àQ:à8 ¸ àWell,€the€control,€to€the€extent€that€[First€National]€has€obtainedÐ N ž Ðfrom€McNeil€.€.€.€the€contractual€obligation€to€sell€theseÏproperties€within€five€years.€€Do€you€not€recognize€that€as€aÏform€of€control?Ð ¸ 8"¸ 8" ÐÌà ` àA:à8 ¸ àNo.€€I€mean,€I€donððt.€€Iððm€a€lender.€€I€get€collateral.О%î ¸ 8"¸ 8" ÐÌÓÓà ` àOn€June€14,€1991,€McNeil€informed€the€Washington€Square€I€€limitedÏpartners€by€letter€that€a€buyer€had€been€found€and€asked€for€their€immediate€consentÏin€writing€to€the€sale€of€the€property.€€Lipman€did€not€consent,€but€instead€requestedÏmore€information€by€reply€letter.€€€However,€52%€of€the€limited€partners€didÏconsent,€and€therefore,€since€terms€of€the€partnership€agreement€required€only€theÏconsent€of€51%,€€the€sale€of€Washington€Square€I€€to€Corim€was€ñàñconsumatedñàññàñconsummatedñàñ€onÏJune€24,€1991,€for€a€price€which€substantially€exceeded€its€appraised€value€as€ofÏMarch€1991.€€Proceeds€of€the€sale€paid€off€the€Dominion€Bank€note€($3,105,596.34)Ïand€paid€closing€costs€and€partnership€administrative€expenses.€€However,€after€theÐ ¾841 Ðsale,€the€Washington€Square€I€partnership€was€insolvent,€with€debts€that€exceededÏthe€value€of€its€assets€by€at€least€$800,000.00.Ìà ` àAlso€on€June€24,€1991,€Washington€Square€II€was€conveyed€to€Corim€byÏquitclaim€deed€for€consideration€which€included€the€release€of€Alex€McNeilððs€$8Ïmillion€personal€guarantee.€€€The€following€day,€Corim€sold€Washington€Square€IÏand€Washington€Square€II€to€SAP€(International)€A.G.Ìà@rr-Ìàò òIIó óˆÐ pÀ  Ðà ` àLipman€contends€that€First€National€is€liable€to€him€for€conspiring€with€theÏMcNeils€and/or€inducing€the€McNeils€to€breach€their€partnership€agreement€withÏhim€and/or€the€fiduciary€duty€the€McNeils€owed€to€him.Ìà ` àThe€trial€court,€relying€specifically€on€ñÝñ(1)€ñÝñthe€Settlement€Agreement€between€theÏBank€and€the€McNeil€interests,€ñÞñ(2)€ñÞñthe€deposition€of€Alex€McNeil,€and€ñßñ(3)€ñßñthe€depositionÏof€Jeffrey€Ingram,€held€that€the€record€does€not€raise€any€genuine€issues€of€materialÏfact€so€as€to€warrant€a€trial.€€The€court€held€that€the€plaintiffððs€contention€ð ðthat€theÏBank€òòcontrolledóó€the€McNeils€is€not€supported€by€the€text€of€the€SettlementÐ l"¼ ÐAgreement€even€to€the€extent€of€raising€a€genuine€issue€of€material€factðð€[emphasisÏin€original].€€The€court€also€found€that€there€was€insufficient€proof€in€the€depositionÏof€Alex€McNeil€that€negotiations€between€the€bank€and€McNeil€amounted€toÏconspiracy€or€inducement€to€breach€against€plaintiff.€€Finally,€and€as€to€whether€theÏbank€induced€McNeil€to€violate€his€fiduciary€duty€to€plaintiff€in€marketingÏWashington€Square€I€as€part€of€a€package€with€Washington€Square€II,€the€court€heldÏthat€ð ðas€a€matter€of€law,€the€terms€of€the€Settlement€Agreement€did€not€òòobligateóóÐ L1œ,* Ðmarketing€of€the€limited€partnership€property€and€the€McNeilððs€other€propertyÏtogetherðð€[emphasis€in€original].Ìò òòòà@ÌÌ.ÌàˆÌÐ È952 Їà@EE-ÌàóóIIIˆÐ ° Ðà ` àó óSummary€judgment€is€proper€when€the€movant€demonstrates€that€there€are€noÐ Ì Ðgenuine€issues€of€material€fact€and€that€the€moving€party€is€entitled€to€judgment€asÏa€matter€of€law.€€Tenn.€R.€Civ.€P.€56.03.€€The€party€moving€for€summary€judgmentÏbears€the€burden€of€demonstrating€that€no€genuine€issue€of€material€fact€exists.€€òòByrdÐ , | Ðv.€Hall,€óó847€S.W.2d€208,€210€(Tenn.€1993).€€On€a€motion€for€summary€judgment,Ð Lœ  Ðthe€courts€must€take€the€strongest€legitimate€view€of€the€evidence€in€favor€of€theÏnonmoving€party,€allow€all€reasonable€inferences€in€favor€of€that€party,€and€discardÏall€countervailing€evidence.€€òòId.€at€210„11.€€óó€€In€òòByrd,óó€the€Court€stated:Ð ¬ü ÐÓÓà8 ` àOnce€it€is€shown€by€the€moving€party€that€there€is€no€genuine€issue€ofÏmaterial€fact,€the€nonmoving€party€must€then€demonstrate,€byÏaffidavits€or€discovery€materials,€that€there€is€a€genuine,€material€factÏdispute€to€warrant€a€trial.€€In€this€regard,€Rule€56.05€provides€that€theÏnonmoving€party€cannot€simply€rely€upon€his€pleadings€but€must€setÏforth€specific€facts€showing€that€there€is€a€genuine€issue€of€materialÏfact€for€trial.€€ð ðIf€he€does€not€so€respond,€summary€judgment€.€.€.€shallÏbe€entered€against€him.ððÐ ` 8"` 8" ÐÌÓÓòòId.€at€211€óó(citations€omitted).€€Summary€judgment€is€only€appropriate€when€the€caseÐ \!¬ Ðcan€be€decided€on€the€legal€issues€alone.€€òòId.€at€210.óó€€Because€only€questions€of€lawÐ |#Ì Ðare€involved,€there€is€no€presumption€of€correctness€regarding€a€trial€courtððs€grantÏo€summary€judgment.€€òòJohnson€v.€EMPE,€Inc.,€óó837€S.W.2d€62,€68€(Tenn.€App.Ð ¼' #! Ð1992).€€Therefore,€our€review€of€a€trial€courtððs€order€granting€summary€judgmentÏis€òòde€novoóó€on€the€record€before€this€Court.€€òòSee€Carvell€v.€Bottoms,€óó900€S.W.2d€23,Ð ü+L'% Ð26€(Tenn.€1995).ò òÐ .l)' Ðó óà@LL-Ìàò òIVˆÐ <0Œ+) Ðà ` àó óOn€appeal,€Lipman€argues€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€finding€that€theÐ X2¨-+ Ðaffidavits,€depositions€and€documents€in€the€record€fail€to€show€a€genuine€issue€ofÏmaterial€fact€as€to€whether€First€National€Bank€of€Boston€òòconspired€with,€inducedÐ ˜6è1/ Ðor€aidedóó€the€McNeils€in€breaching€their€Limited€Partnership€Agreement€with€himÐ ¸841 Ðand/or€the€fiduciary€duty€they€owed€to€him.€€€He€asserts€that€the€bank€òòcontrolledóó€theÐ ° ÐMcNeilsðð€dealings€with€him€such€that€his€claim€of€breach€of€duty€against€them,€nowÏsettled,€raises€a€separate€claim€against€the€bank.€ÌÓÓà@yy.Ìàò òVòòˆÐ  ` Ðà@ZZ&ÌàCIVIL€CONSPIRACYóóó óˆÐ  n ЀÌÓeBÓà ` àA€civil€conspiracy€is€a€ð ðcombination€between€two€or€more€persons€toÏaccomplish€an€unlawful€purpose,€or€to€accomplish€a€purpose€not€in€itself€unlawfulÏby€unlawful€means.ðð€€òòDale€v.€Thomas€H.€Temple€Co.,€óó208€S.W.2d€344,€347€(Tenn.Ð |Ì  Ð1948).€€The€essence€of€a€civil€conspiracy€is€a€concert€or€combination€to€defraud€orÏcause€other€injury€to€person€or€property,€which€results€in€damage€to€person€orÏproperty€of€€the€plaintiff.ððÔ% € Ô€òòKirksey€v.€Overton€Pub.,€Inc.,€óó739€S.W.2d€230,€236Ð Ü, Ð(Tenn.€App.€1987).€€The€elements€of€civil€conspiracy€are€ð ðcommon€design,€concertÏof€action,€and€an€overt€act.ðð€òòId.€óó€In€addition,€the€primary€purpose€of€the€agreementÐ l Ðmust€be€to€cause€injury€to€another;€incidental€injuries€resulting€from€a€pursuit€of€theÏpartiesðð€own€fair€interest€are€not€actionable.€€òòNational€Med.€Care,€Inc.€v.€Gardiner,Ð \!¬ ÐóóNo.€85„154„II,€1986€Tenn.€App.€LEXIS€3559;€WL€3157€(March€12,€1986)€(citingÐ |#Ì Ð16€Am.€Jur.€2d€Conspiracy€ðð€49).Ìà ` àThe€record€in€this€case€contains€no€facts€indicating€an€agreement€between€theÏMcNeils€and€the€bank€with€for€the€purpose€of€causing€injury€to€Lipman.€€Indeed,Ïthere€are€no€facts,€save€for€bare€speculation,€at€most,€that€Lipman€actually€sufferedÏinjury€by€this€transaction.€€While€it€is€true€that€he€lost€his€investment€by€the€sale€ofÏWashington€Square€I,€the€property€was€in€dire€financial€condition€when€purchasedÏby€the€McNeil€interests.€€Although€it€was€70€to€80%€leased,€€the€tenantsðð€paymentsÏwere€insufficient€to€service€accounts€payable,€two€trade€creditors€had€sued€onÏoverdue€accounts€and€Dominion€Bank€had€scheduled€foreclosure€proceedings.€€TheÏpartnership€had€taken€steps€to€file€Chapter€11€Bankruptcy.€€While€Lipman€testifiedÐ ¼8 41 Ðthat€he€expected€an€improvement€in€the€partnershipððs€financial€condition€and€did€notÏwant€the€property€sold,€nothing€in€the€record€supports€that€expectation,€and€52%€ofÏthe€limited€partners€voted€to€sell.€Ìà ` àAssuming,€òòarguendo,óó€that€the€loss€of€Lipmanððs€investment€was€causedÐ  ` Ðdirectly€and€even€solely€by€the€sale€of€the€Washington€Square€I€property,€there€areÏstill€no€facts€which€indicate€that€the€McNeils€and€First€National€Bank€conspired€forÏthe€purpose€of€injury€to€him.€€McNeil€testified€that€he€did€not€know€Lipman.€€HeÏœreñáñcalledñáññáñmemberedñáñ›€the€sale€of€Washington€Square€I€because€it€was€on€a€list€of€properties€givenÏto€him€by€his€staff€before€he€was€deposed.€€He€was€indebted€for€over€$60€million€inÏmortgages€on€commercial€property€in€various€states.€€Lipmanððs€investment€of€lessÏthan€$200,000.00€amounted€to€a€fraction€of€McNeilððs€exposure€on€this€one€projectÏalone,€which€exceeded€$8€million.€€McNeil€testified€that€he€tried€to€please€the€bank,Ïwhich€could€call€in€his€notes€and€place€him€in€bankruptcy,€but€that€it€was€all€a€matterÏof€negotiation.€The€commercial€lender€from€First€National€Bank€testified€that€he€didÏnot€tell€McNeil€what€to€do:€ð ðIððm€a€lender.€€I€get€collateral.ðð€Ìò òÓÓÓ  ÓVIÐ $à ÐINDUCING€OR€AIDING€ÌBREACH€OF€€PARTNERSHIP€AGREEMENTÌOR€FIDUCIARY€DUTYÌó óÓLOÓÌÓÓà ` àLipmanððs€allegations€that€First€National€induced€or€aided€the€McNeils€toÏbreach€the€Washington€Square€I€partnership€agreement€or€their€fiduciary€duty€isÏgrounded€upon€the€McNeilsðð€failure€to€disclose€to€him€their€Settlement€AgreementÏwith€First€National€on€Washington€Square€II.€€However,€there€is€no€evidenceÏwhatsoever€as€to€what€the€52%€of€limited€partners€who€approved€the€sale€knew€orÏdidnððt€know,€and€whether€any€such€knowledge€would€have€changed€any€of€theirÏvotes.€€Simply€stated,€Lipmanððs€vote€did€not€carry€enough€weight,€regardless€ofÏwhat€he€knew€or€did€not€know,€to€prevent€the€sale€of€Washington€Square€I.€€œSinceñâñÐ ¸841 Ðheñâñ›€failed€to€submit€the€affidavit€of€any€other€limited€partners€to€show€that€anyÏpartner€would€have,€or€might€have,€voted€ð ðnoðð€under€any€conditions,€his€argumentsÏthat€the€McNeils€violated€their€partnership€agreement€or€fiduciary€duty€by€failingÏto€obtain€ð ðinformedðð€consent€and€by€selling€Washington€Square€I€raise€no€genuineÏissue€of€material€fact.€Ìò òÓ  ÓVIIÐ P   ÐCONTROL€OVER€GENERAL€PARTNERSó óÐ l¼  ÐÓöSÓ€à ` àFinally,€Lipman€alleges€that€an€issue€of€material€fact€exists€as€to€whether€theÐ ˆØ Ðbank€ð ðtook€control€of€the€Partnershipððs€assets€and€required€the€McNeils€to€sale€[sic]Ïthose€assets€at€a€time€when€such€a€sale€was€not€necessary.ððÌà ` àWhen€asked€why€the€Bank€required€the€McNeils€to€be€marketed€jointly,ÏJeffrey€Ingram€of€First€National€Bank€answered,€ð ðWe€didnððt€require€it€.€.€.€as€I€recallÏit,€Mr.€McNeil€asked€us€to€allow€him€to€market€it€jointly€.€.€.€at€no€point€did€we€everÏtell€Alex€he€had€to€do€this,€he€had€to€do€that€.€.€.ððÌà ` àAlthough€Lipman€earnestly€insists€that€the€Bank€controlled€Alex€McNeilððsÏbusiness€decisions,€we€find€no€evidence€in€the€record€œñãñto€that€effectñãññãñ›indicating€such€is€trueñãñ.›€€In€order€toÏdefeat€summary€judgment,€Lipman€must€present€specific€admissible€facts€whichÏrealistically€challenge€the€McNeilsðð€stated€reasons€for€their€business€decisions.€ÏòòWilkins€v.€Eaton€Corp.,€óó790€F.2d€515,€521€(6th€Cir.€1986);€òòSilpacharin€v.Ð è*8&$ ÐMetropolitan€Govððt.,€óó797€S.W.2d€625,€629€(Tenn.€App.€1990).€€œñäñHowever,€ifñäññåñIfñåñ›€theÐ -X(& Ðfacts€and€conclusions€to€be€drawn€from€the€facts€are€such€that€a€reasonable€personÏwould€only€reach€one€conclusion,€summary€judgment€should€be€granted.€€òòMcClungÐ H1˜,* Ðv.€Delta€Square€Limited€Partnership,€óó937€S.W.2d€891,€894€(Tenn.€1996).Ð h3¸., Ðà ` àWe€find€the€record€in€this€case€does€not€raise€any€genuine€issues€of€materialÏâ âfact€so€as€to€warrant€a€trial€and,€accordingly,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€grantingÐ ¨7ø20 Ðthe€motion€of€defendant€First€National€Bank€of€Boston€for€summary€judgment€isÏaffirmed€at€the€costs€of€the€appellant.Ìâ âÓÓÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p à_____________________________Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àñÜñà p àñÜñWilliam€H.€Inman,€Senior€JudgeÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ_______________________________ÌHouston€M.€Goddard,€Presiding€JudgeÌÌÌÌ_______________________________ÌHerschel€P.€Franks,€Judge