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AOnƽ 0Dƒ D/Ç Bö ˜HP LaserJet 4Si/4SiMX PS 600dpiPSCRIPTÀÌÀääÀÀÌ0 (ÖÃ9 Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡ g£h i j k lmDnDoÓ€{yJÚ ||dd3|x{((3üÝ$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)< Œ 9p`(ModernP ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(Monaco< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman% Line 7 d####7Border 1dd€-$Cþÿ << Gÿÿ< Œ 9p`(Arial öÝ ƒ!ÝÔ€ÔÔ€"ÔÝ  ÝÔ€&ÔÔ€&ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€&XÔÌÌò òAugust€19,€1996ÌÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€&ôÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó ÑÝ ƒ!ÝÔ€ÔÔ€"ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝT.C.A.€ðð€29„26„115€(1980)€€provides€in€pertinent€part:€ÌÒ  ÒÒ  Òà à(a)€In€a€malpractice€action,€the€claimant€shall€have€the€burden€of€proving€byÏevidence€as€provided€by€subsection€(b):Ìà à(1)€The€recognized€standard€of€acceptable€professional€practice€in€theÏprofession€and€the€specialty€thereof,€if€any,€that€the€defendant€practices€in€theÏcommunity€in€which€he€practices€or€in€a€similar€community€at€the€time€the€allegedÏinjury€or€wrongful€action€occurred;Ìà à(2)€That€the€defendant€acted€with€less€than€or€failed€to€act€with€ordinary€andÏreasonable€care€in€accordance€with€such€standard;€€andÌà à(3)€As€a€proximate€result€of€the€defendant's€negligent€act€or€omission,€theÏplaintiff€suffered€injuries€which€would€not€otherwise€have€occurred.Ìà à(b)€No€person€in€a€health€care€profession€requiring€licensure€under€the€lawsÏof€this€state€shall€be€competent€to€testify€in€any€court€of€law€to€establish€the€factsÏrequired€to€be€established€by€subsection€(a)€unless€he€was€licensed€to€practice€in€theÏstate€or€a€contiguous€bordering€state€a€profession€or€specialty€which€would€makeÏhis€expert€testimony€relevant€to€the€issues€in€the€case€and€had€practiced€thisÏprofession€or€specialty€in€one€of€these€states€during€the€year€preceding€the€date€thatÏthe€alleged€injury€or€wrongful€act€occurred.€€This€rule€shall€apply€to€expertÏwitnesses€testifying€for€the€defendant€as€rebuttal€witnesses.€€The€court€may€waiveÏthis€subsection€when€it€determines€that€the€appropriate€witnesses€otherwise€wouldÏnot€be€available.ÌÒ ° ÒÒ ° ÒÓÓÌà àÌÌÌ€ÌPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHØ(d'`++++'ÿÿdxd dStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑMonacoÑÑ ÑÒ  BA Op Monaco ÒÒ  BA Op Monaco Ò("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÓ&€!!X„d&ÓÑ#€!!Xd#ÑÔ€"ÔÝ  ÝÑ\R AØ'\ÑÓ` Ü` p”XÓÑ\R AØ'\Ñ›à@ àò òIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEE,€WESTERN€SECTIONÌà@ àAT€JACKSONÌà@ à_______________________________________________________ÌÌó óà à)ò òÌSARAH€JO€PEETE,ó óà à)à àShelby€County€Circuit€CourtÌà à)à àNo.€34317€T.D.Ì€€€€€Plaintiff/Appellant,à à)Ìà à)ÌVS.à à)à àC.€A.€NO.€02A01„9506„CV„00123̜ـ€ÙÙ€€ÙßL€%'$;+'h|I)` ¤ `€€Lß›à à)Ìò òSHELBY€COUNTY€HEALTH€CAREó óà à)Ìò òCORPORATIONó ó,à à)Ìà à)Ì€€€€€Defendant/Appellee.à à)Ìà à)Ì______________________________________________________________________________ÌÌFrom€the€Circuit€Court€of€Shelby€County€at€Memphis.Ìò òHonorable€Irving€M.€œStrauch,›€Special€Judge€ó óÌÌÌÌò òIra€M.€Thomasó ó,Ìò òAl€H.€Thomasó ó,ÌTHOMAS€&€THOMAS,€Memphis,€TennesseeÌAttorney€for€Plaintiff/Appellant.ÌÌÌÌò òMark€S.€Norrisó ó,Ìò òCannon€F.€Allenó ó,ÌARMSTRONG€ALLEN€PREWITT€GENTRY€JOHNSTON€&€HOLMES,€Memphis,ÏTennesseeÌAttorney€for€Defendant/Appellee.ÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:ÌÌò òREVERSED€AND€REMANDEDÌÌÌà àFARMER,€J.ÌÌÌÌCRAWFORD,€P.J.,W.S.€ó ó:€(Concurs)Ìò òLILLARD,€J.€ó ó:€œ(Concurs)ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌ›ÓÓÓ  ÓÓ` Ü` ˜XÓœà àIn€this€negligence€action,€Plaintiff„Appellant,€Sarah€Jo€Peete€(ð ðMs.€Peeteðð€orÏð ðPlaintiffðð),€appeals€the€trial€courtððs€grant€of€summary€judgment€in€favor€of€Defendant„Appellee,ÏShelby€County€Health€Care€Corporation€(ð ðThe€Medðð€or€ð ðDefendantðð).ÌÌà àThe€pertinent€facts€are€as€follows:€In€October€1989,€Ms.€Peete€underwent€a€BurchÏcolposuspension€and€urethropexy€surgery€at€The€Med.€€After€her€surgery,€Ms.€Peete€wasÏtransported€to€a€semi„private€recovery€room.€€While€Ms.€Peete€was€recovering,€a€hospitalÏtechnician€attempted€to€remove€an€orthopedic€suspension€bar€from€her€bed.€€During€the€removal€ofÏthis€bar,€a€piece€of€the€apparatus€fell€and€struck€Ms.€Peete€on€the€top€of€her€head.ÌÌà àAn€examination€of€Ms.€Peeteððs€head€immediately€after€the€accident€revealed€noÏbleeding€or€swelling€of€the€scalp€area.€€Neither€stitching€nor€bandages€were€used€on€the€injury.€€AÏCT€scan€performed€by€The€Med€revealed€that€there€was€no€internal€bruising€or€damage€to€Ms.ÏPeeteððs€brain.€€ÌÌà àOn€June€20,€1990,€Ms.€Peete€brought€this€action,€alleging€that€she€began€to€sufferÏfrom€severe€chronic€headaches€as€a€result€of€the€accident.€€Ms.€Peeteððs€complaint€was€titledÏð ðComplaint€for€Professional€Negligenceðð€and€contained€the€following€allegations:ÌÌÓÓò òà@ àòòòòACTS€OF€NEGLIGENCEóóà àà àóóó óÌÌà8 àà à10.€€That€the€employee€of€The€Med€was€negligent€inÏpermitting€the€orthopedic€suspension€bar€to€strike€Plaintiffððs€headÏwhile€he/she€was€moving€same.€€That€said€act€was€a€deviation€fromÏthe€standard€of€care€that€should€be€exercised€by€employees€of€a€likeÏhospital€in€Memphis€or€a€similarly€situated€community.ÌÌà@ àòòòòò òDAMAGESó óóóóóÌÌà8 àà à11.€€That€as€a€direct€and€proximate€result€of€the€professionalÏnegligence€„€ð ðmedical€malpracticeðð€„€by€the€defendant€and€itsÏemployees€in€failing€to€provide€care€[sic]€accordance€with€theÏstandard€of€professional€care€that€is€customarily€given€by€orÏexpected€of€hospitals€in€this€community,€the€Plaintiff€has€sufferedÏsevere€injuries€„€which€are€furthermore€permanent€in€nature,€hasÏincurred€medical€expenses€as€a€direct€and€proximate€result€thereofÏand€will€continue€to€do€so€in€the€future.€€ÌÌÌÌÓÓà àThe€Med€moved€for€summary€judgment.€€Prior€to€the€hearing€on€the€motion,€TheÏMed€filed€the€affidavit€of€medical€expert,€Dr.€Michael€H.€Deshazo,€who€testified€that€€ð ð[t]he€causeÏof€headaches€is€very€difficult€to€diagnose€even€for€neurologistsðð€and€further€opined€that€Ms.ÏPeeteððs€headaches€ð ðhave€not€been€caused€by€the€alleged€trauma€she€claims€to€have€sustained€whileÏa€patient€at€The€Med.ðð€€Ms.€Peete€filed€no€countervailing€affidavit€by€a€medical€expert€witness.€€ÌÌà àThe€trial€court€determined€that€Ms.€Peeteððs€complaint€stated€a€cause€of€action€inÏmedical€malpractice€and€granted€The€Medððs€motion€for€summary€judgment€based€on€theÏPlaintiffððs€failure€to€produce€expert€proof€as€to€the€cause€and€permanency€of€her€alleged€injuries.ÌÌà àPlaintiff€appeals€the€trial€courtððs€decision,€presenting€the€following€issues€for€ourÏreview:ÌÌà8 àà àÓÓ1.€Did€the€trial€court€err€in€first€ruling€that€since€the€headingÏin€this€Complaint€is€entitled€ð ðòòò òComplaint€for€ProfessionalÏNegligenceó óðð€óóand€since€it€further€uses€the€term€ð ðmedicalÏmalpracticeðð€in€paragraph€11€therein€when€describing€damages,Ïplaintiff€must€establish€all€elements€of€her€cause€in€accordance€withÏT.C.A.€ðð€29„26„115€regardless€that€the€facts€alleged€in€theÏComplaint€show€that€this€can€be€viewed€as€a€ò ònormaló ó€(non„medicalÏmalpractice)€tort€action?ÌÌà8 àà à2.€€Even€if€this€cause€should€be€characterized€as€a€ð ðmedicalÏmalpracticeðð€case,€did€the€trial€court€err€in€granting€the€DefendantððsÏòòò òmotion€for€summary€judgmentó óóó€on€the€ground€that€T.C.A.€ðð€29„26„115€requires€proof€of€causation€and€permanency€of€injuries€to€be€byÏò òexpertó ó€testimony€òòonlyóó?ÌÌà8 àà à3.€€Did€the€trial€court€err€in€ruling€that€since€plaintiffððsÏComplaint€specifically€contends€therein€at€paragraph€11€that€plaintiffÏhas€sustained€damages€which€are€ð ðò òpermanentó ó€in€nature,ðð€plaintiffððsÏComplaint€must€be€dismissed€òòin€its€entiretyóó€as€to€òòanyóó€form€ofÏdamages€„€both€ð ðpermanentðð€and€ð ðnon„permanentðð€„€since€plaintiffÏfailed€to€produce€expert€medical€testimony€to€refute€defendantððsÏexpertððs€affidavit€testimony€that€her€injuries€were€not€ð ðpermanentððÏand€were€not€caused€by€getting€hit€by€the€metal€bar.ÌÌÌÌÓÓà àAs€her€first€issue,€Ms.€Peete€argues€that€her€complaint€was€intended€to€state€a€causeÏof€action€for€a€simple€personal€injury€tort.€€Therefore,€she€asserts€that€her€action€is€not€subject€toÏT.C.A.€ðð€29„26„115€which€requires€proof€of€the€elements€of€her€action€by€expert€testimony.× ƒ( ××  ×€€TheÍMed,€on€the€other€hand,€argues€that€Ms.€Peeteððs€complaint€attempts€to€state€a€cause€of€action€for€Ïmedical€malpractice,€and€that€Ms.€Peeteððs€action€is€therefore,€governed€by€T.C.A.€ðð€29„26„115.€€€ÌÌà àIn€òòò òGraniger€v.€Methodist€Hosp.€Healthcare€Sys.,€Inc.ó óóó,€No.€02A01„9309„CV„00201,€1994€WL€496781€(Tenn.€App.€Sep.€9,€1994)€,€this€Court€recognized€that:ÌÌÓÓà8 àMedical€malpractice€cases€typically€involve€a€medical€diagnosis,Ïtreatment€or€other€scientific€matters.€€The€distinction€betweenÏordinary€negligence€and€malpractice€turns€on€whether€the€acts€orÏomissions€complained€of€involve€a€matter€of€medical€science€or€artÏrequiring€specialized€skills€not€ordinarily€possessed€by€lay€personsÏor€whether€the€conduct€complained€of€can€instead€be€assessed€on€theÏbasis€of€common€everyday€experience€of€the€trier€of€fact.€ÌÌÌÌòòò òÓÓIdó óóó.€at€**3€(citing€òòò òPearce€v.€Feinsteinó óóó,€754€F.€Supp.€308,€310€(W.D.N.Y.€1990)).Ì€€Ìà àIn€the€instant€case,€Plaintiff€alleged€that€she€was€injured€when€an€employee€ofÏDefendant€attempted€to€dismantle€an€orthopedic€suspension€bar,€which€was€not€in€use€at€the€time,Ïand€allowed€a€portion€of€that€apparatus€to€strike€her€in€the€head.€€Although€Plaintiffððs€counsel€usesÏthe€term€ð ðmedical€malpracticeðð€in€paragraph€11,€we€do€not€believe€that€such€an€act€involved€aÍmatter€of€medical€science€or€art€not€ordinarily€possessed€by€lay€persons.€€€Therefore,€we€believeÏthat€Plaintiffððs€complaint,€however€inartfully€drafted,€states€a€claim€for€ordinary€negligence.€ÏConsequently,€T.C.A.€ðð€29„26„115€does€not€apply€to€this€case.€€ÌÌà àWe€turn€now€to€the€issue€of€whether€summary€judgment€was€proper€in€light€of€ourÏfinding.€€The€Med€argues€that,€regardless€of€whether€this€is€an€action€in€medical€malpractice€orÏnegligence,€Ms.€Peete€was€still€obligated€to€come€forward€with€expert€testimony€concerning€theÏcause€in€fact€of€her€injuries€in€order€to€negate€the€affidavit€of€Dr.€Deshazo€who€stated€that€Ms.ÏPeeteððs€injuries€were€not€caused€ð ðby€the€alleged€trauma€she€claims€to€have€sustained€while€aÏpatient€at€The€Med.ðð€€The€Med€points€out€that€Ms.€Peete€presented€no€expert€evidence€to€refute€Dr.ÏDeshazoððs€affidavit€or€to€show€that€the€accident€could€be€a€cause€in€fact€of€her€headaches.€ÏTherefore,€The€Med€argues€that€summary€judgment€was€proper€regardless€of€the€specific€nature€ofÏthe€cause€of€action.€€We€disagree.€€€€€€€ÌÌà àThe€trial€court€should€grant€a€motion€for€summary€judgment€only€if€the€movantÏdemonstrates€that€there€are€no€genuine€issues€of€material€fact€and€that€the€moving€party€is€entitledÏto€judgment€as€a€matter€of€law.€€Rule€56.03€T.R.C.P.;€òòò òByrd€v.€Halló óóó,€847€S.W.2d€208,€210€(Tenn.Ï1993);€òòò òDunn€v.€Hackettó óóó,€833€S.W.2d€78,€80€(Tenn.€App.€1992).€€When€a€motion€for€summaryÏjudgment€is€made,€the€court€must€consider€the€motion€in€the€same€manner€as€a€motion€for€directedÏverdict€made€at€the€close€of€the€plaintiffððs€proof;€that€is,€"the€trial€court€must€take€the€strongestÏlegitimate€view€of€the€evidence€in€favor€of€the€nonmoving€party,€allow€all€reasonable€inferences€inÏfavor€of€that€party,€and€discard€all€countervailing€evidence."€ò òòò€Byrd,óóó ó€847€S.W.2d€at€210„11.€€InÏòòò òByrdó óóó,€the€Tennessee€Supreme€Court€stated:ÌÌÓÓà8 àOnce€it€is€shown€by€the€moving€party€that€there€is€no€genuine€issueÍof€material€fact,€the€nonmoving€party€must€then€demonstrate,€byÏaffidavits€or€discovery€materials,€that€there€is€a€genuine,€material€factÏdispute€to€warrant€a€trial.€[citations€omitted].€€In€this€regard,€RuleÏ56.05€provides€that€the€nonmoving€party€cannot€simply€rely€uponÏhis€pleadings€but€must€set€forth€òòò òspecific€factsó óóó€showing€that€there€is€aÏgenuine€issue€of€material€fact€for€trial.ÌÌÌÌò òòòÓÓId.óóó ó€at€211.€€ÌÌà àThe€summary€judgment€process€should€only€be€used€as€a€means€of€concluding€aÏcase€when€there€are€no€genuine€issues€of€material€fact,€and€the€case€can€be€resolved€on€the€legalÏissues€alone.€€ò òòòId.óóó ó€at€210€(citingòòò ò€Bellamy€v.€Federal€Express€Corp.ó óóó,€749€S.W.2d€31,€33€(Tenn.Ï1988)).€€ð ð[W]hen€the€credibility€of€witnesses€is€an€integral€part€of€the€factual€proof,€or€whenÏevidence€must€be€weighed,€a€trial€is€necessary€because€such€issues€are€not€appropriately€resolvedÏon€the€basis€of€affidavits.ðð€€òòò òByrdó óóó,€847€S.W.2d€at€216.ÌÌà àAs€a€general€rule€summary€judgments€are€not€appropriate€in€negligence€cases.òòò ò€ÏBowman€v.€Henardó óóó,€547€S.W.2d€527,€530€(Tenn.€1977).€€In€the€instant€case,€Dr.€Deshazo€opinesÏin€his€affidavit€that€Mrs.€Peeteððs€injuries€were€not€caused€ð ðby€the€alleged€trauma€she€claims€to€haveÏsustained€while€a€patient€at€The€Med.ðð€€However,€in€her€deposition,€Ms.€Peete€states€that€herÏsevere€headaches€were€caused€by€the€blow€to€her€head€because€they€started€immediately€after€theÏblow.€€She€further€states€that€she€did€not€suffer€from€these€sharp€pains€prior€to€the€accident€at€TheÏMed.€€As€notedò ò€òòsupraó óóó,€credibility€determinations,€the€weighing€of€the€evidence,€and€the€drawing€ofÏlegitimate€inferences€from€the€facts€are€functions€of€the€trier€of€fact.€òòò ò€Byrdó óóó,€847€S.W.2d€at€212.€ÏConsequently,€there€exists€a€disputed€issue€of€material€fact€as€to€whether€the€ordinary€negligence€ofÏDefendant€caused€Plaintiffððs€injuries.€€€Therefore,€we€hold€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€grantingÏsummary€judgment€to€Defendant.€€As€our€disposition€of€this€issue€is€dispositive€of€this€appeal,€weÍpretermit€Plaintiffððs€other€issues.ÌÌà àThe€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€reversed€and€this€cause€remanded€for€trial.€€Costs€Ìon€appeal€are€taxed€to€the€appellee,€for€which€execution€may€issue€if€necessary.ÌÌÓÓÓ` Ü` È“XÓà à______________________________Ìà àFARMER,€J.ÌÌÌ______________________________ÌCRAWFORD,€P.J.,€W.S.€(Concurs)ÌÌÌÌ______________________________ÌLILLARD,€J.€(Concurs)›