ÿWPCË( ¾# t U: %¹ 0û¿ Bº w@ü 4<P 0J_ 0T© ý 0^a i 0ho 0r× 0|I 0†Å 0K 1uÛ 0dPU*´B)Þ BDC$ AMg¤´ÓX´+ D3ßv~vÓ 0@c$ AO£$Æò$ 0D¸% D/ü% B+& 0?H& 0D‡(˜HP LaserJet 4HPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLhÒ,c½¬AZ‹"Arial RegularX(Ó~Ð$¡¡Ñ  ÑÒH°ÒÒ°ÒÑTR[  AØ'ÿ LegalLˆhÐ (Avery 4167 Post Card AØ'ÿ LegalhÐ (Avery 4167 Post CardTÑÔ€Xm¢XXXÔÑ7€¥3XXdìXXdæ7ÑC:\WPWIN60\TEMPLATE\STANDARD.WPT ÜDÞeßeàÊáãDäÊåæÊçÓ€Úƒç"3|xò2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  ÔÈ2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  ÔH26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô  ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(Arial% Line 7 d d####7Border 1dd€-%Cþÿ << Gÿÿ šÝ ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€"ÔÑ  ÑÒ  ÒÒ H ÒÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ#€d#ÑÝ  ÝÔ€"ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€"XÔÌÌò òJulyÏ24,Ï1997ÌÌCecilÏCrowson,ÏJr.ÌÔ€"ôÔAppellateÏCourtÏClerkó ó ÉÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€"ÔÑ  ÑÒ  ÒÒ H ÒÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ#€d#ÑÝ  ÝÝ ƒ¼$Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝThe€plaintiffs€are€in€a€dilemma€of€their€own€making.€€The€anomaly€ofÏcontesting€the€will€of€Clyde€Porter€in€an€earlier€litigation€on€grounds€of€òòinvalidityóóÏwhile€necessarily€asserting€its€òòvalidityóó€in€this€case€to€support€their€theory€of€mutualityÏof€wills€is€readily€apparent,€keeping€in€mind€that€the€plaintiffs€seek€the€equitableÏremedy€of€specific€performance€of€the€alleged€contract€between€Lillie€and€Clyde.€ÏThe€defendant€raises€the€issue€of€judicial€estoppel€which€we€do€not€take€lightly,Ïsince€the€policy€of€the€law€will€not€permit€anyone€to€ð ðgainsay€what€he€hasÏdeliberately€sworn€to€in€the€course€of€a€judicial€proceeding,ðð€òòMcLemore€v.ÏCharleston€and€Memphis€R.R.W.,óó€111€Tenn.€639,€and€ððpublic€policy€does€not€permitÏa€complaint€in€a€subsequent€suit€to€set€up€a€claim€thus€›contradicted€by€him€in€aÏprevious€judicial€proceeding.ðð€òòHamilton€v.€Zimmerman,€óó37€Tenn.€39€(1857).Ì ªÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€"ÔÑ  ÑÒ  ÒÒ H ÒÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ#€d#ÑÝ  ÝÝ ƒ¼$Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝEnacted€in€1977€with€mostly€precatory€language.€€It€was€re„enacted€in€1978Ïin€its€present€form,€apparently€in€response€to€the€ð ðlarge€body€of€case€law€dealingÏwith€the€subject,ðð€òòJunot,€supraóó.€€It€may€not€be€applied€in€retrospect,€but€is€applicableÏto€the€case€at€hand€because€the€1980€and€1984€codicils€executed€by€LillieÏreaffirmed€and€republished€her€1975€will.Ì$$$$'ÿÿdxdPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'hStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÒ  h HD: Geneva Ò("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP Pd(ï(3Ð$$¤¤Ý ƒ~Ð!ÝÑ  ÑÒH°ÒÒ°ÒÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÔ€XúîXXXÔÑ7€úîXXdæXXdð7ÑÝ  Ýà ` àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€"ÔÑ  ÑÒ  ÒÒ H ÒÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ#€Xd#ÑÑ#€Xd#ÑÝ  Ý›ÓÓò òœÙ€€ÙÓ  ÓßR€&'%A1-j|` à. `€€@ÿRß›Þ ÞÌIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌEASTERN€SECTION€AT€KNOXVILLEÌÓ  ÓÌÌÓÓó óIN€RE:€ESTATE€OF€LILLIEà àà à)ÌKERLEY€PORTER€(DECEASED)à à)à àLOUDON€CHANCERYÌà àà àà àà àà àà à)ÌSHIRLEY€PORTER€WHEELER€andà à)à àÌTEDDY€LEE€PORTER,à àà àà à)à àÌà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àNO.€03A01„9703„CH„OO105Ìà àPlaintiffs/Appellantsà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìv.à àà àà àà àà àà à)à àHON.€FRANK€V.€WILLIAMS,€IIIÌà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àCHANCELLORÌTHOMAS€STEVE€HARVEY,€à àà à)Ìindividually€and€in€his€capacity€asà à)ÌExecutor€of€the€Estate€of€Lillie€Porter,à à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àDefendants/Appelleesà àà à)à àAFFIRMEDÌÌÌÌJess€D.€Campbell,€Knoxville,€for€Appellants.ÌMary€Katherine€Longworth,€Peggy€J.€S.€Monger,€Loudon,€for€Appellees.ÌÌÌÌò òòòÓ  Ó€O€P€I€N€I€O€N€€ÌÓ  ÓÌó óóóà àà àà àà àà àà àINMAN,€Senior€JudgeÌÌÓÓà àThe€dispositive€issue€in€this€case€is€whether€Clyde€and€Lillie€PorterÏcontracted€to€make€mutual€wills.à àòòÌóóà àClyde€and€Lillie€Porter€were€husband€and€wife.€€Each€was€marriedÏpreviously.€€Lillie€was€survived€by€an€adopted€son€of€her€previous€marriage,ÏThomas€Steve€Harvey,€the€defendant€in€this€action.€€Clyde€was€survived€by€twoÍchildren€of€a€previous€marriage,€Shirley€Porter€Wheeler€and€Teddy€Lee€Porter,€theÏplaintiffs€herein.Ìà àOn€June€24,€1975,€Clyde€and€Lillie€executed€their€reciprocal€wills.€€EachÏdevised€and€bequeathed€his/her€entire€estate€to€the€other;€the€contingentÏbeneficiaries€were€the€same€in€each€will.€€Each€was€appointed€executor/executrix€ofÏthe€otherððs€will.Ìà àOn€October€23,€1980€Lillie€executed€a€codicil€to€her€will€expressly€affirmingÏand€ratifying€her€1975€will.€€She€also€appointed€a€different€Executor€whose€nameÏwas€later€obliterated.Ìà àOn€October€26,€1984,€Lillie€executed€another€codicil€by€which€she€appointedÏstill€another€person€as€executor,€but€whose€name€was€later€obliterated.€€She€againÏratified€and€confirmed€her€1975€will.Ìà àOn€October€23,€1980,€Clyde€executed€a€codicil€to€his€will€by€which€heÏappointed€Edwin€H.€Arnold€Executor€of€his€will,€who€was,€circumstantially,€the€sameÏperson€appointed€by€Lillie€in€her€codicils,€but€whose€name€was€obliterated.Ìà àClyde€died€August€4,€1985.€€His€will€was€duly€probated€through€which€hisÏentire€estate€passed€to€Lillie.Ìà àLillie€executed€another€will,€on€September€14,€1990,€by€which€she€devisedÏthe€bulk€of€her€estate€to€her€adopted€son,€the€defendant€herein.€€She€executed€aÏcodicil€to€this€will€in€1993,€appointing€her€son€Executor,€and€increasing€his€share€ofÏthe€residual€estate.€€She€died€November€22,€1993.Ìà àAs€may€be€deduced,€it€is€this€1990€will€„€the€ð ðbreaking€of€the€faithðð€„€which,Ïupon€its€probate,€triggered€this€litigation,€filed€by€the€two€children€of€Clyde€PorterÍwho€seek€the€specific€performance€of€an€alleged€contract€between€Clyde€and€LillieÏwhereby€they€agreed€that€after€the€death€of€the€survivor€each€plaintiff€would€receiveÏone„third€of€their€property,€which€would€have€been€the€case€had€Lillie€not€revokedÏher€1975€will.Ìà àIn€support€of€their€theory,€the€plaintiffs€tendered€Lillieððs€discovery€depositionÏtaken€August€18,€1986€which€had€been€filed€in€an€action€by€these€plaintiffs€in€theÏProbate€Court€against€Lillie€as€Executrix€of€the€estate€of€her€deceased€husband,Ïcontesting€the€will€of€Clyde€Porter.Ìà àThe€Chancellor€ruled€that€the€discovery€deposition€was€inadmissibleÏbecause€(1)€the€parties€in€the€will€contest€were€not€the€same€as€in€the€case€at€bar,Ïand€(2)€the€issues€were€not€the€same.Ìà àThe€Chancellor€found€that€the€plaintiffs€had€failed€to€prove€a€contract€asÏalleged,€and€dismissed€the€complaint.Ìà àThe€plaintiffs€appeal€and€present€for€review€six€(6)€issues,€only€one€of€whichÏwe€need€consider,€that€being€whether€the€discovery€deposition€of€Lillie€wasÏadmissible€on€the€issue€of€whether€she€and€Clyde€contracted€to€make€mutual€wills,Ïand,€if€so,€whether€it€was,€in€conjunction€with€all€the€evidence,€sufficient€to€prove€theÏrequisite€contract.€€If€this€deposition€is€inadmissible,€there€is€clearly€no€substantiveÏevidence€to€support€the€complaint€and€hence€no€reason€to€consider€the€remainingÏissues.Ìà àOur€review€is€òòde€novoóó€on€the€record,€with€no€presumption€of€the€correctnessÏof€the€decision€of€the€trial€court€on€questions€of€law.€€òòNCNB€Natððl€Bank€v.€Thrailkill,Ïóó856€S.W.2d€150€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1993).òò€óóÌà àThe€questioned€deposition€was€taken€in€case€No.€3885€styled€òòShirley€PorterÏWheeler€and€Ted€Lee€Porter,€plaintiffs,€v.€Lillie€Porter,€Executrix€of€the€Estate€ofÏClyde€Porter,óó€in€the€Loudon€County€Probate€Court.€€The€plaintiffs€alleged€that€theyÏwere€the€sole€heirs€at€law€of€Clyde€Porter,€who€died€August€14,€1985,€and€that€aÏpaper€writing€dated€June€24,€1975€together€with€two€codicils€executed€in€1980€andÏ1984,€purporting€to€be€the€last€will€of€Clyde€Porter,€were€admitted€to€probate.€€TheyÏalleged€that€said€instrument€was€not€the€last€will€of€Clyde€Porter€because€heÏexecuted€another€will€which€was€in€the€possession€of€Lillie€Porter€who€wasÏfraudulently€suppressing€it€to€her€financial€advantage.€€Other€matters,€not€hereÏrelevant,€were€alleged.× ƒ( ××  ×Ìà àBecause€Lillieððs€testimony€in€the€will€contest€is€difficult€to€summarize,€weÏreproduce€it€verbatim,€as€it€pertains:ÌÓÓà àQ:à8 àDid€you€make€a€Will€yourself€at€that€time?ÌÌà àA:à8 àUh„huh€(positive).ÌÌà àQ:à8 àAnd€I€know€I€can€read€it,€but€before€I€do,€did€you€and€heÏhave€any€discussion€about€what€you€all€would€be€doingÏwith€your€property?ÌÌà àÌà àA:à8 àIf€he€died€first,€he€was€willing€everything€to€me;€and€if€IÏdied€first,€I€was€willing€everything€to€him;€and€then,€at€ourÏdeath,€everything€would€be€divided€three€ways.€€ThatððsÏwhat€he€wanted.ÌÌà àQ:à8 àOkay.€€So,€regardless€of€how€the€deeds€were€or€howÏthings€were,€you€wanted€to€be€sure€to€take€care€of€eachÏother€„€„€„ÌÌà àA:à8 àThatððs€right.€€We€sure€did.ÌÌà àQ:à8 à„€„€„€in€your€later€years;€and€then,€you€and€he€wanted€toÏsee€to€it€that€there€was€no€difference€made€between€theÏchildren.ÌÌà àA:à8 àRight.ÌÌà àQ:à8 àHe€wanted€to€see€that€your€son€got€his€share€and€youÏwanted€to€see€that€his€children€got€their€share?ÌÌà àA:à8 àThatððs€right.ÌÌà àQ:à8 àAnd€that€is€how€you€and€he€understood€your€Wills?ÌÌà àA:à8 àThatððs€right.ÌÌà àQ:à8 àAnd€had€you€done€a€Will€that€would€have€accomplishedÏthat€also?ÌÌà àA:à8 àThe€Will€hadnððt€been€changed€or€anything.€€I€donððt€know.ÌÌà àQ:à8 àWell,€did€you€do€a€Will€in€June€of€ðð75€also?ÌÌà àA:à8 àYes.€€We€done€it€at€the€same€time.ÌÌà àQ:à8 àNow€was€it€still€you€and€your€husbandððs€intention€inÏOctober€of€ðð84,€that€you€and€he€would€divide€your€estatesÏonce€you€all€were€all€gone€to€take€care€of€the€threeÏsurviving€children?ÌÌà àA:à8 àYes.€€Thatððs€what€we€intended€to€do€and€what€we€wantedÏto€do.ÌÌà àQ:à8 àAnd€is€that€still€what€you€wish€to€accomplish?ÌÌà àA:à8 àWell,€I€would€not€cheat€anybody€out€of€anything.ÌÌà àQ:à8 àWell,€maybe€we€can€„€„€„€ÌÌà àA:à8 àI€want€to€do€what€Clyde€said€to€do.ÌÌà àQ:à8 àWhat€is€it€that€he€told€you€to€do€that€you€want€to€do?ÌÌà àA:à8 àTold€me€not€to€do€anything€until€my€death.€€He€sat€rightÏout€there€in€the€yard.ÌÌà àQ:à8 àHe€wanted€you€to€live€on€this€property€until€you€died?ÌÌà àA:à8 àHe€said€to€leave€it€like€it€was;€he€said€if€thereððs€anythingÏleft€after€my€death,€why,€he€wanted€to€divide€it€three€waysÏbut€not€until€my€death.ÌÌà àQ:à8 àAll€right.€€Okay.€€Now€do€you€still€„€„€„€the€Will€you€made€inÏðð75,€have€you€changed€it€„€„€„€ÌÌà àA:à8 àWhat€Will?ÌÌà àQ:à0 àThe€Will€in€1975€that€you€made€at€Don€McMurrayððs€office€at€the€sameÏtime€that€Mr.€Porter€made€a€Will?ÌÌà àA:à0 àNone€of€it€has€been€changed.ÌÌà àQ:à0 àThatððs€still€your€Will?ÌÌà àA:à8 àUh„huh€(positive).ÌÌà àQ:à8 àIn€other€words,€even€though€the€real€estate€may€haveÏpassed€to€you€by€deed€as€wife€and€co„owner€of€thatÏproperty,€are€you€advising€us€that€what€you€want€to€haveÏhappen€is€the€same€thing€you€and€your€husband€wantedÏto€have€happen€in€the€beginning?ÌÌà àA:à8 àI€want€to€do€what€Clyde€wanted€me€to€do.ÌÌà àQ:à8 àAll€right.€€Mrs.€Porter,€to€continue€the€deposition,€the€1975ÏWill€basically€has€remained€the€same€through€theseÏcodicils€with€the€exception€of€the€executors€beingÍchanged?ÌÌà àA:à8 àThatððs€right.ÌÌà àQ:à8 àAnd€has€it€been€your€„€„€„€was€it€your€agreement€with€Mr.ÏPorter€back€in€ðð75€when€you€all€pooled€your€stuff€togetherÏsomewhat€that€you€wanted€each€of€your€children€toÏparticipate€in€whatever€was€left€over€of€the€estate€onceÏthe€two€of€you€had€lived€„€„€„€once€the€two€of€you€hadÏcompleted€living?ÌÌà àA:à8 àRight.ÌÌà àQ:à8 àSo,€in€essence,€with€you€and€your€husband€wanting€toÏmake€sure€that€whoever€of€the€two€of€you€lived€theÏlongest,€had€the€property€for€your€life€for€whatever€useÏyou€had€to€make€of€it.€€Is€that€correct?ÌÌà àA:à8 àYes.€€He€told€me€I€could€do€anything€I€wanted.€€If€I€wantedÏto€sell€it,€okay.ÌÌà àQ:à8 àAll€right.€€Under€the€circumstances€if€you€had€died€beforeÏhe€„€„€„€ÌÌà àA:à8 àTo€do€the€same.ÌÌà àQ:à8 àYou€wanted€him€to€be€able€to€live€on€that€property€untilÏhe€died?ÌÌà àA:à8 àOh,€yes.€€Take€it€just€like€I€did€him.€€I€mean€my€propertyÏover€there€„€„€„€that€I€had€over€there€and€everything.ÌÌà àQ:à8 àWhat€youððve€„€„€„€assuming€heððd€died€first,€you€wouldÏhave€expected€that€he€would€have€benefited€from€notÏonly€what€he€[sic]€brought€into€the€marriage,€but€what€heÏbrought€into€the€marriage?ÌÌà àA:à8 àYeah.ÌÌà àQ:à8 àAnd€then,€if€he€used€it€all€up€in€his€years€of€sickness€orÏwhatever€that€was€all€right€with€you?ÌÌà àÌà àA:à8 àYes.€€And€it€was€all€right€with€him.€€He€was€always€afraidÍthat€somebody€would€have€to€take€care€of€us€and€he€saidÏthat€we€would€try€and€save€and€do€without€help€so€thatÏnobody€would€have€to€take€care€of€us.ÌÌà àQ:à8 àAnd€now,€going€back€to€the€situation€that€resulted,€if€heÏdied€before€you,€he€wanted€you€to€have€not€only€yourÏproperty€but€his€property€to€live€on?ÌÌà àA:à8 àThatððs€right.ÌÌà àQ:à8 àAnd€if€you€got€sick€and€had€to€sell€it€all€to€live€until€youÏdied,€that€was€the€way€you€all€wanted€it?ÌÌà àA:à8 àThatððs€the€way€he€wanted€it.€€He€told€me€that€SaturdayÏbefore€we€was€in€the€hospital€the€next€week.ÌÌà àQ:à8 àAll€right.€€He€wanted€it€that€way€and€you€did€too?ÌÌà àA:à8 àUh„huh€(Affirmative).€€Thatððs€what€he€told€me€and€I€didnððtÏask€for€it.€€He€just€told€me€out€there€sitting€in€the€yard.ÌÌà àQ:à8 àOkay.€€Now,€if€at€the€end€of€your€allððs€„€„€„€after€both€of€youÏhad€passed€on,€if€there€was€still€property€that€had€comeÏfrom€your€family€and€come€from€his€family,€you€all€hadÏdecided€the€way€you€wanted€it€done€was€for€each€of€theÏthree€children€to€get€a€third€of€it?ÌÌà àA:à8 àYes.€€After€I€had€died.ÌÌà àQ:à8 àWhether€there€was€a€little€bit€of€property€or€whether€thereÏwas€a€lot€of€property?ÌÌà àA:à8 àRight.ÌÌà àQ:à8 àAnd€do€I€understand€that€is€your€position€still€as€far€asÏyour€Will€is€concerned?ÌÌà àA:à8 àIððm€going€to€do€what€Clyde€wanted€me€to€do€regardless.ÌÌà àQ:à8 àAll€right.€€And€your€Will€has€not€been€changed€in€thatÏregard?ÌÌà àA:à8 àNo,€sir.ÌÌà@ à€.€€€.€€€.€€€.€€€.€€€.€€€.€€€ÌÌÓÓà àThis€is€heady€testimony,€since€Lillie€essentially€admits€she€agreed€to€abideÏher€husbandððs€wishes€for€reciprocal€wills.€€Her€sworn€resolve€ð ðto€do€what€ClydeÏwanted€me€to€do€regardlessðð€apparently€melted€away€on€September€14,€1990,Ïwhen€she€executed€another€will,€essentially€devising€the€estate€she€inherited€fromÏClyde€to€her€son,€which€was€rather€at€odds€with€her€previous€intention€to€which€sheÏtestified.Ìà àÌÌà àUnder€the€earlier€cases€of€òòDaniels€v.€Combustion€Engineering€Co.,€óó583ÏS.W.2d€768€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1978)€and€òòPridemark€Custom€Plating,€Inc.€v.€UpjohnÏCo.,€Inc.,€óó702€S.W.2d€566€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1985),€the€depositional€testimony€of€LillieÏin€the€case€contesting€the€will€of€Clyde€would€not€be€admissible€in€the€case€at€BarÏbecause€neither€the€parties€nor€the€issues€are€the€same.Ìà àThe€òòTennessee€Rules€of€Evidenceóó€were€adopted€in€1990.€€òòRuleóó€803(3)Ïprovides€that€a€statement€of€the€declarantððs€then€existing€state€of€mind€.€.€.€such€asÏintent,€plan,€motive€or€design€.€.€.€relating€to€the€execution,€revocation€.€.€.€or€terms€ofÏthe€declarantððs€will€is€not€excluded€by€the€hearsay€rule,€a€departure€from€previousÏcase€law€which€excluded€such€evidence€in€will€contests.€€This€rule€alignsÏTennessee€with€the€majority€of€States€in€admitting€evidence€of€a€mental€state€toÏprove€the€execution€or€terms€of€a€will.€€òòSee,€Hickey€v.€Beeler,€óó171€S.W.2d€277Ï(Tenn.€1943),Ìà àòòRuleóó€804(b)(1)€provides:ÌÓÓà8 à(1)€òòFormer€testimony.óó€€Testimony€given€as€a€witness€at€anotherÏhearing€of€the€same€or€a€different€proceeding€or€in€a€deposition€takenÏin€compliance€with€law€in€the€course€of€the€same€or€anotherÏproceeding,€if€the€party€against€whom€the€testimony€is€now€offered€hadÏboth€an€opportunity€and€a€similar€motive€to€develop€the€testimony€byÏdirect,€cross€or€redirect€examination€.€.€.€[is]€not€excluded€by€theÏhearsay€rule€if€the€declarant€is€unavailable€as€a€witness.ÌÌÓÓà àUnder€òòRuleóó€32.01,€òòTenn.€R.€Civ.€Pro.óó,€the€same€principle€is€applicable€toÏdepositions.Ìà àThe€appellee€argues€that€òòRuleóó€804€specifically€requires,€as€a€conditionÏprecedent€to€the€admissibility€of€Lillieððs€depositional€testimony,€that€he€shall€haveÏbeen€accorded€ð ðboth€an€opportunity€and€similar€motive€to€develop€the€testimony,ððÏand€that€while€he€had€the€opportunity,€he€had€no€motive€to€develop€the€testimony.€ÏThis€argument€appears€to€be€well„taken€in€light€of€the€obvious€fact€that€neither€theÏexistence€nor€the€validity€of€the€purported€contract€between€Clyde€and€Lillie€was€atÏissue€in€the€contest€of€Clydeððs€will;€superimposed€is€the€fact€that€it€was€a€discoveryÏdeposition,€as€contrasted€to€a€trial€deposition,€that€was€taken,€and€the€appelleeÏobviously€had€no€motive€to€develop€Lillieððs€testimony€concerning€a€matter€notÏpleaded€or€before€the€Court.€€This€conclusion€is€strengthened€by€the€officialÏadvisory€comments€respecting€òòRuleóó€804(b)€that€the€requirement€of€ð ðboth€anÏopportunity€and€a€similar€motiveðð€was€carefully€crafted€to€avoid€the€interpretation€ofÏthe€companion€òòFederal€Ruleóó€804€by€the€Sixth€Circuit€in€òòClay€v.€Johns„ManvilleÏSales€Corp.,€óó722€Fed.2d€1289€(1983).€€Ìà àFor€these€reasons,€we€find€that€the€defendant€Harvey,€who€is€the€ð ðpartyÏagainst€whom€the€testimony€is€now€offeredðð€had€no€ððmotive€to€developðð€LillieððsÏtestimony€as€to€whether€she€and€Clyde€contracted€to€make€mutual€wills,€and€theÍdeposition€is€thus€not€admissible€against€him€in€the€case€at€Bar.Ìà àBut€if€we€are€mistaken€in€this€conclusion,€we€think€Lillieððs€testimony€in€anyÏevent€does€not€satisfy€the€requirements€of€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€32„3„107,€in€earlierÏtimes€known€as€the€Troutman€Act.€€This€statuteœ× ƒ) ××  ×›€provides:ÌÓÓà8 àò ò32„3„107.€€Contracts€to€make€or€revoke€wills.€„€ó ó(a)€A€contractÏto€make€a€will€or€devise,€or€not€to€revoke€a€will€or€devise,€or€to€dieÏintestate€can€be€established€only€by:Ìà8 à(1)€Provisions€of€a€will€stating€material€provisions€of€the€contract;Ìà8 à(2)€An€express€reference€in€a€will€to€a€contract€and€extrinsic€evidenceÏproving€the€terms€of€the€contract;€orÌà8 à(3)€A€writing€signed€by€the€decedent€evidencing€the€contract.Ìà8 à(b)€The€execution€of€a€joint€will€or€mutual€wills€does€not€create€aÏpresumption€of€a€contract€to€make€a€will,€or€to€refrain€from€revoking€aÏwill.ÌÌÓÓà àThe€statute€is€described€in€òòJunot€v.€Estate€of€Gilliam,€óó759€S.W.2d€654€(Tenn.Ï1988),€as€ð ðrigidly€prescribing€the€requirements€of€a€contract€to€make€a€will,€not€toÏrevoke€a€will,€or€to€die€intestate.ðð€€The€Supreme€Court€held,ÌÓÓà8 àð ðIt€prescribes€òòexclusiveóó€œ[emphasis€supplied]€Ô% € Ômethods›€by€which€aÏcontract€to€make€a€will,€to€revoke€a€will,€or€to€die€intestate€may€beÏestablished€.€.€.€the€provisions€[of€which]€are€exclusive€and€mandatory€.Ï.€.€ð ðÌÌÌÓÓà àThe€execution€of€these€1975€reciprocal€wills€created€no€presumption€of€aÏcontract€to€make€a€will.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€32„3„107(b).€€The€will€must€containÏprovisions€stating€material€provisions€of€the€contract,€and€there€must€be€ð ðan€expressÏreference€in€the€will€to€a€contract€and€extrinsic€evidence€proving€the€terms€of€theÍcontractðð€or€a€writing€signed€by€the€decedent€evidencing€the€contract.Ìà àÌÌà àWhether€the€reciprocal€wills€contain€material€provisions€of€the€contract€isÏarguable;€but€it€is€not€controverted€that€neither€will€contains€an€express€reference€toÏa€contract,€and€there€is€no€writing€signed€by€Lillie€evidencing€a€contract.€€Thus,€weÏare€taught€by€òòJunotóó€[rigid,€exclusive,€mandatory]€that€the€evidence€is€œinsuffiÔ% € Ôcient›€toÏestablish€a€contract€to€make€a€will.€Ìà àThe€judgment€is€affirmed€at€the€appellantsðð€costs.€€ÌÓÓœ›à àÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà à_____________________________à àà àà àà àà àà àà àWilliam€H.€Inman,€Senior€JudgeÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àÌÌ_______________________________ÌHouston€M.€Goddard,€Presiding€JudgeÌÌÌÌ_______________________________ÌCharles€D.€Susano,€Jr.,€JudgeÌÌœ›€œ›ÌÌ€ÌÌÌÌ