WPC UeyGŏP´C??:#bV<~!yo- (.OYEl|`"'Q)[ZB;G R{ Hբ !]-{OLݦe =t6u~ſ$烿OG @J=+U]t~Ofi\qȼ<\ӢVH\>1(6ȩ"zdpU<(bh d"}ǔ눶o)%ꐹha ?:ӝꜢV`+߸2X6D;؎lypz Kћ--il>U;LCyJas1mnmDO *(~_y,7pt ($USUS.,    1    _XXXXXXWehavejurisdictionofthisappealpursuanttotheprovisionsof P  _T.C.A._Ԁ371159(c)(1998Supp.).  = ["USUS.,  _X]XXXvWXX]   Ad FILED.vW  October21,1999Cecil_Crowson_,Jr.AppellateCourtClerkdA ,cAZ"Arial Regular dLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(.3$ !USUS.,  (.3$ !USUS.,  ($$   1  YYYY'dxd !USUS.,  _TR[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'TP X&XXX  8OXXdd8P_INTHECOURTOFAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE P  x_B2.jz5 `@E"1 ttZ x @  @ ATKNOXVILLE0 @ 0 @ π̀   `     h      p   ̀ x   INTHEMATTEROF:   h   )C/ANO.03A019908CR00272 \     `     h   )MATTHEWLANCEPOWELL, h   ) X  AMinorChildUndertheAge  ) .  of18. `     h   )      `     h   )APPEALASOFRIGHTFROMTHE   `     h   )KNOXCOUNTYCRIMINALCOURT   `     h   )   `     h   )   `     h   )   `     h   )HONORABLERICHARDE.BAUMGARTNER,   `     h   )JUDGEForAppellant0 0 (# (#0h(#(#0h(#h(#ForAppellee6(#(# ЀMatthewLancePowell h   StateofTennessee   MARKE.STEPHENS   h   PAULG.SUMMERS !h DistrictPublicDefender h   AttorneyGeneralandReporter "> SixthJudicialDistrict h   Nashville,Tennessee d# Knoxville,Tennessee   `     h   MARKE.DAVIDSONPAULAR.VOSS0 0 (# (#0h(#(#  AssistantAttorneyGeneral%!h(#h(# AssistantPublicDefender  Nashville,Tennessee &l" SixthJudicialDistrictKnoxville,Tennessee  XXXX&  !XXOPINION#XX !  ##X&XXX # p2 (0   b:09 P     REVERSEDANDREMANDED h      p      x Susano,J.      ` ThisisanappealfromanorderoftheKnoxCounty  X CriminalCourtaffirmingthejuvenilecourtsordercommitting T 18yearoldMatthewLancePowell( Powell)tothecustodyofthe  DepartmentofChildrensServicesforadeterminatesentence, \  i.e.,tothechilds19thbirthday. #  1      ׀Thesoleissueonthis X  appealiswhetherPowellwasproperlycommittedundertheterms   of_T.C.A._Ԁ371137,whichprovides,inpertinentpart,as l  follows: h 8  8`   Ifajuvenileoffenderistriedand p adjudicateddelinquentinjuvenilecourtfor F theoffenseoffirstdegreemurder,second l degreemurder,aggravatedrape,aggravated B sexualbattery,especiallyaggravated   _kidnapping_,aggravatedrobbery,especially   aggravatedrobbery,aggravatedarson,attempt !t tocommitfirstdegreemurder,orviolations "J of3917417(b),(_i_)or(j),orhasbeen p#  previouslyadjudicateddelinquentinthree F$ (3)felonyoffensesarisingoutofseparate %  criminalepisodesatleastone(1)ofwhich %! hasresultedininstitutionalcommitmentto &x" thedepartmentofchildrensservices,oris 'N# withinsix(6)monthsofthechilds z(*$ eighteenthbirthdayatthetimeofthe V)% adjudicationofthechildsdelinquency,the 2*& commitmentmaybeforadeterminateperiodof + ' timebutinnoeventshallthelengthofthe +!( commitmentbegreaterthanthesentencefor ,j") theadultconvictedofthesamecrime,nor -@#* shallsuchcommitmentextendpastthe f.$+ offendersnineteenthbirthday.     @   @   @   probation.OnOctober28,1998,Powellwasadjudicated :$  delinquentforviolatingtherulesofprobationbytesting %" positiveformarijuana.Atthattime,thejuvenilecourt 'B$ committedhimtothecustodyoftheDepartmentofChildrens >)& Services;however,thatcommitmentwassuspendedandPowellwas * ( onceagainplacedonprobation. ,F"*    ` InJanuary,1999,twopetitionswerefiledagainst /%. Powell,allegingthatheviolatedtherulesofhisprobation. 1J'0 Copiesofthesepetitionsareattachedtothisopinionas F3(2 appendices.Thepetitionsallegedthathehadviolatedtherules 4*4 ofprobationby:1)testingpositiveformarijuanaafter 6N,6 submittingtoarandomdrugscreenonJanuary7,1999;and2) J8-8 failingtopageaHomeBaseworkerforcurfewcheckonJanuary 9/: 11,1999,andJanuary12,1999.Powellwaivedhisrightto P  counselandpledtruetotheseallegations.Thejuvenilecourt   appointedcounseltorepresenthimatthe_dispositional_Ԁhearing.  X OnApril7,1999,a_dispositional_Ԁhearingoccurredbeforea T refereeoftheKnoxCountyJuvenileCourt.Atthattime,the  refereerevokedthesuspensionofPowellscommitmenttostate \  custody,andcommittedhimforadeterminatesentence.The X  refereefound onproofbeyondareasonabledoubtthatsaidchild   isdependentandneglectedandisdelinquentandisinneedof `  treatmentandrehabilitationinthatheviolatedtherulesofhis \  probationbytestingpositiveformarijuana.Powellfileda  motionforahearingbeforetheJuvenileCourtJudge,which d hearingwasheldonMay19,1999.TheJuvenileCourtJudge ` confirmedtherefereesorder.Powellappealedtheorderofthe   juvenilecourttotheKnoxCountyCriminalCourt.Atahearing !h onJune24,1999,thatcourtaffirmedthejuvenilecourtsorder d# ofcommitment.Thisappealfollowed.Powellrequestedan %  expeditedhearing,whichwegranted. &l"   II. )& ('   ` Ourreviewofthisnonjurycaseisdenovouponthe -"* recordoftheproceedingsbelow;however,thatrecordcomestous .~$, withapresumptionthatthetrialcourtsfactualfindingsare z0*&. correct.Rule13(d),_T.R.A.P._ԀWemusthonorthispresumption &2'0 unlesswefindthattheevidencepreponderatesagainstthose 3)2 findings. Id. ; UnionCarbideCorp.v._Huddleston_, 854S.W.2d87, ~5.+4 91(Tenn.1993).Thetrialcourtsconclusionsoflaw,however, J7,6 arenotaccordedthesamedeference. Campbellv.FloridaSteel 8.8 Corp., 919S.W.2d26,35(Tenn.1996); Presleyv.Bennett, 860 P  S.W.2d857,859(Tenn.1993).   [(  III.   7,|&J,   ` Weviewthelanguageof_T.C.A._Ԁ371137(a)(1)(B)under   wellestablishedrulesofconstruction.Ourroleistoascertain R  and,ifpossible,giveeffecttothelegislativepurposeor N  intentasexpressedinthestatute. _Worrall_Ԁv.KrogerCo., 545   S.W.2d736,738(Tenn.1977).Thelegislativeintentorpurpose v istobederivedfromthenaturalandordinarymeaningofthe r" languageemployedbythelegislaturewhenreadinthecontextof  thewholestatute. NationalGasDistributors,Inc.v.State, 804 z S.W.2d66,67(Tenn.1991); Austinv.MemphisPub.Co., 655 F S.W.2d146,148(Tenn.1983). Thelanguageshallnotbegiven b! anyforcedconstructionthatextendsorplaceslimitationsupon # theimportofthatlanguage. JamesCablePartnersv.Cityof $j  Jamestown, 818S.W.2d338,341(_Tenn.App_.1991).Ifastatuteis &6" unambiguous,weshouldlimitourreviewtothewordsofthe R($ statuteitself. TennesseeManufactured_Hous_._Assn_Ԁv.Metro. )& _Govt_ԀofNashville, 798S.W.2d254,257(_Tenn.App_.1990).We +z!( shouldpresumethatthelegislaturechoseitswordscarefully, -F#* andshouldgivetothemtheirordinaryandusualmeaning, id.;  B/$, however,inderivingtheintentofthelegislature,wedonot 1&. derivethatintent fromsingleorspecialwordsinasentenceor 2j(0 sectionbutfromthestatutetakenasawhole. JamesCable f4*2 Partners, 818S.W.2dat342. 26+4   7-6    ` _T.C.A._Ԁ371137(a)(1)(B)providesthatajuvenile P   courtmaycommitachildtotheDepartmentofChildrensServices   foradeterminatesentenceonlyunderthreecircumstances:ifthe  X childcommitsoneofthecrimesspecifiedinthestatute;ifthe ` childhasbeenpreviouslyadjudicateddelinquentforthreefelony   offenses;orifthechildiswithinsixmonthsofhisorher18th h  birthdayatthetimeofthe adjudicationofthechilds d  delinquency.Theproofreflects,andthepartiesagree,that   thefirsttwocircumstancesdonotapplytothiscase.Thus,our l  focusisonthethirdstatutorygroundforadeterminate h sentence.  ,Ӏ p 87,   ` Atthetimeofthe_dispositional_Ԁhearing,Powellwas17  years,11monthsold.ThetrialcourtconcludedthatPowellwas ] eligibleforadeterminatesentence,because,sothecourtfound, Y!  therehadbeenan adjudicationof[his]delinquencywithinsix # monthsofhis18thbirthday.Powellcontendsthatbecausea $a  violationofprobationisnotadelinquentactasdefinedbythe ]& " applicablestatute,achildcannotbeadjudicateddelinquentfor ($ thepurposesof_T.C.A._Ԁ371137(a)(1)(B)onthebasisofa )q& violationofprobation.ThestatecountersthatPowell,through m+!( his guiltyplea,admitted,atleastbyimplication,thathehad -"* possessedacontrolledsubstance.Thestatearguesthatsince .u$, suchanoffensewouldbeacriminaloffenseifcommittedbyan }0-&. adult,Powellsviolationofprobationconstitutesadelinquent )2'0 actforthepurposesof_T.C.A._Ԁ371137(a)(1)(B). x   3)2    ` Toascertainthemeaningofthephrase adjudicationof 51+4  thechildsdelinquency,weturntothedefinitionsprovidedby -7,6 thelegislature.A delinquentactisdefinedinthestatuteas P  follows:    +9Ӏ?8  8`   anactdesignatedacrimeunderthelaw,  includinglocalordinancesofthisstate,or o ofanotherstateiftheactoccurredinthat E state,orunderfederallaw,andthecrimeis k  not[anoffenseapplicableonlytoachild] A  andthecrimeisnotatrafficoffenseas   definedinthetrafficcodeofthestate   otherthanfailingtostopwheninvolvedin s  anaccidentpursuantto5510101,driving I  whileundertheinfluenceofanintoxicantor o  drug,vehicularhomicideoranyothertraffic E  offenseclassifiedasafelony.... ` x` x CӀ w YC3_T.C.A._Ԁ371102(b)(9)(Supp.1998).Thephrase adjudication  ofdelinquencyisdefinedasafindingbyajuvenilecourt Y  beyondareasonabledoubtthatachildhascommitteda J delinquentactasdefinedin371102,whichisanact  designatedacrimeunderthelaw...._T.C.A._Ԁ375103(2) !< (1996). -# 3Ӏ $~! 3EC3   ` Itisclearthatthethirdeligibilityprongof_T.C.A._ &# 371137(a)(1)(B)requiresajuvenilecourttofindbeyonda 'k% reasonabledoubtthatachildcommittedadelinquentactas g)' definedby_T.C.A._Ԁ371102(b)(9).WedisagreewithPowells + ) position,asweunderstandit,thatanadjudicationofa ,o"+ violationofprobationisneversufficienttoamounttoan k.$-  adjudicationof[a]childsdelinquency.Whetheran #0%/ adjudicationofaviolationofprobationisanadjudicationofa 1'1 delinquentactdependsonthebasisfortheviolation.Ifthe 3C)3 basisfortheviolationofprobationisadelinquentactwithin K5*5 themeaningof_T.C.A._Ԁ371102(b)(9),i.e.,acriminaloffense, 6,7 thenthefindingbeyondareasonabledoubtthatthechild 8S.9 violatedtherulesofprobationwouldnecessarilybean O:/; adjudicationthatthechildcommittedadelinquentact.Onthe P  otherhand,ifthebasisoftheviolationisnotadelinquent   act,i.e.,notacriminaloffense,thenafindingthatthechild  X violatedtherulesofprobationwouldnotbeafindingthatthe T childcommittedadelinquentact.     ` Inthetwopetitionsintheinstantcase,itwas X  allegedthatPowellviolatedtherulesofhisprobationby   testingpositiveformarijuanaandbyfailingtoreportfora `  curfewcheck.Neitheroftheseactsarecriminaloffensesand \  thuscannotbeconsidered delinquentacts.Thejuvenilecourt  focusedonthepetitionchargingthatPowelltestedpositivefor d marijuana.Astothatcharge,webelieveitisclearthatproof ` thatanindividualhastestedpositiveformarijuana,standing   alone,doesnotestablishalloftherequiredelementsofthe !h crimeofpossessionofmarijuana.Suchproofdoesnotestablish d# whenandwherethemarijuanawaspossessedorhowitwas %  possessedortheothercircumstancesoftheallegedpossession. &l" Hence,proofofPowellspositivetestdoesnotmakeoutthe h($ crimeofpossessionofmarijuana. *& 3E3   ` Accordingly,wefindandholdthatthelowercourts l-#* erredincommittingPowelltostatecustodyforadeterminate /$, sentence. `   0t&.   ,RIV. p2 (0   Q   ` Fortheforegoingreasons,thejudgmentoftheKnox 5*4 CountyCriminalCourtaffirmingtheorderoftheKnoxCounty 6x,6 JuvenileCourtcommittingMatthewLancePowelltothecustodyof t8$.8 theDepartmentofChildrensServicesforadeterminatesentence  :/: toage19isreversed.Thiscaseisremandedforsuchadditional P  proceedingsasmaybenecessary,consistentwiththisopinion.   Costsonappealaretaxedtotheappellee.  X    `     h     __________________________     `     h     CharlesD.Susano,Jr.,J.   CONCUR: .  ________________________ 6 HoustonM._Goddard_,_P.J._ \  ________________________ d D.Michael_Swiney_,J.dT h      p