ÿWPC …#†VUFÜ %" 0@(4h| 0„‹ 0D n­S 0J 0TJ 0^ž 0hü 0rd 0|Ö 0†R 0Ø 1uh U,Ý 0d U,mU6™B)ÏDCø AM;U*ˆ_²%v~6vÓ´ D3‡ 0@º Bú AOÆf 0\, 0Dˆ D/Ì Bû˜IBM Laser Printer 4019IBM4019ÈÈ,,,,ÈÈ0®ØP Ÿ*–ßfc vP<¾½Q 9Z ‹.Courier New RegularX(ù$¡¡Ó  ÓÓ  ÓU_A ¡Ó 3|x(4(3DX$¤¤Ý ƒù!ÝÓ  ÓÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó«<þ6X9`("Courier 10cpiXXxþ6X@É“8Ç;X@2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)< Œ 9p`(ModernP ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(Monaco< Œ 9p`(Courier New% Line 7 d!!!!7Border 1dd€-"Cþÿ << Gÿÿ< Œ 9p`(Arial UÝ ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€ ÔÓ  ÓÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÝ ƒ"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€$ÔÔ€$ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€$XÔÌÌò òFebruary€5,€1996ÌÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€$ôÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€ ÔÓ  ÓÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝòòWe€do€not€consider€this€to€be€a€material€fact.€€According€to€the€minorÏplaintiff's€version,€he€tackled€the€larger€student€by€the€legs.€€In€hisÏdeposition€he€stated:ÌÌà8 àà à"€I€picked€him€up€and€run€back€with€him€and€I€was€going€toÏdump€him.€€When€I€felt€his€weight€shift,€I€let€go€of€him€to€breakÏmy€fall,€that's€all€I€remember."óó€ÌPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'@Styl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑMonacoÑÑ ÑÒ  BA: T Monaco ÒÒ  BA: T Monaco Ò0000'ÿÿdxd("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò d€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(43=K$¢¢Ý ƒù!ÝÓ  ÓÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÓ&€X„d&ÓÑ#€Xd#ÑÔ€ ÔÓ  ÓÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÑ ¸ ÑÑ Ü ÑÓ` °‚X" ¸ ™XÓÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ7€™’XXdÖdÈ7ÑÙ€€ÙßL€#%";+'h|` Å `€€Lßà@ àIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALSÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌWANDA€SHARP,€Individually€and€as)€€ANDERSONÏCIRCUITÌMother€and€Next€Friend€of€€€€€€€)€€C.A.€NO.€03A01„9508„CV„00282ÌJOSEPH€RIGGS,€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€Plaintiffs„Appellants€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ìvs.€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)€€HON.€JAMES€B.€SCOTT,€JR.Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)€€JUDGEÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)ÌANDERSON€COUNTY€and€ANDERSON€€€€)€€AFFIRMED€AND€REMANDEDÌSCHOOL€BOARD€OF€EDUCATION,€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€Defendants„Appellees€€)ÌÌÌÌÌGLENN€R.€WALTER,€Kramer,€Rayson,€Leake,€Rodgers€&€Morgan,€Knox…ville,€for€appellant.ÌÌÌMARTIN€L.€ELLIS€and€VONDA€M.€LAUGHLIN,€Butler,€Vines€&€Babb,ÏKnoxville,€for€appellees.ÌÌÌÌÌÌÓÓà@ àòòO€P€I€N€I€O€NóóÌÌà€ àMcMurray,€J.ÌÌà àThis€is€an€appeal€from€a€judgment€granting€a€motion€for€summaryÏjudgment€in€favor€of€the€defendants„appellees€and€dismissing€theÏplaintiffs'€complaint.€€We€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.ÌÌà àThis€action€was€instituted€under€the€provisions€of€the€Govern…mental€Tort€Liability€Act,€T.C.A.€ðð€29„20„103,€et€seq.€€The€plain…tiffs€alleged€that€the€plaintiff,€Joseph€Riggs,€a€minor,€was€aÏstudent€at€Clinton€High€School€and€was€injured€while€engaged€inÏ"horseplay"€with€another€student.€€They€further€alleged€Mr.€FrankÏFragomeni,€a€teacher,€was€negligent€in€actively€instigating,Ïencouraging€and€inciting€a€dangerous€activity€(horseplay)€which€heÏknew€or€should€have€known€would€lead€to€serious€injury.€€TheÏplaintiffs€further€charged€the€defendants€with€negligence€inÏfailing€to€adequately€monitor€the€activities€of€teachers€regardingÏen‚forcement€of€school€rules.ÌÌà àThe€defendants€filed€an€answer€in€which€they€alleged,€òòinterÏaliaóó,€€immunity,€assumption€of€risk,€and€comparative€fault.€€TheyÏfurther€alleged€that€the€proximate€cause€of€the€injury€was€theÏnegligence€of€the€minor€plaintiff.€€Subsequent€to€their€answer,Ïthe€defendants,€pursuant€to€Rule€56,€T.R.C.P.,€filed€a€motion€forÏsummary€judgment€on€the€grounds€that€there€was€no€genuine€issue€ofÏa€material€fact.€€In€support€thereof,€the€defendants€relied€uponÏthe€depositions€of€Frank€Fragomeni€and€Joseph€Riggs.€€They€furtherÏfiled€the€affidavits€of€Scott€Eugene€Daugherty,€Justin€WilliamÏHoward€and€Bradley€Aaron€Hackney,€all€students€at€Clinton€HighÏSchool€and€witnesses€to€the€incident€in€question.ÌÌà àThe€plaintiffs€filed€a€response€to€the€defendants'€motion€forÏsummary€judgment€relying€upon€the€testimony€attached€to€the€defen…dants'€motion€and€the€affidavit€of€Joseph€Riggs.ÌÌà@ àÔ&  Ôò òSTANDARD€OF€REVIEWÌÌÓÓà8 àà àó óThe€standards€governing€an€appellate€court's€review€of€aÔ'  ÔÏtrial€court's€action€on€a€motion€for€summary€judgment€areÏwell€settled.€Since€our€inquiry€involves€purely€a€questionÏof€law,€no€presumption€of€correctness€attaches€to€the€trialÍcourt's€judgment,€and€our€task€is€confined€to€reviewing€theÏrecord€to€determine€whether€the€requirements€of€Tenn.€R.ÏCiv.€P.€56€have€been€met.€òòCowden€v.€Sovran€Bank/CentralÏSouthóó,€816€S.W.2d€741,€744€(Tenn.€1991).€Tenn.€R.€Civ.€P.Ï56.03€provides€that€summary€judgment€is€only€appropriateÏwhere:€(1)€there€is€no€genuine€issue€with€regard€to€theÏmaterial€facts€relevant€to€the€claim€or€defense€containedÏin€the€motion,€òòByrd€v.€Hallóó,€847€S.W.2d€208,€210€(Tenn.Ï1993);€and€(2)€the€moving€party€is€entitled€to€a€judgmentÏas€matter€of€law€on€the€undisputed€facts.€òòAnderson€v.ÏStandard€Register€Coóó.,€857€S.W.2d€555,€559€(Tenn.€1993).ÏThe€moving€party€has€the€burden€of€proving€that€its€motionÏsatisfies€these€requirements.€òòDownen€v.€Allstate€Ins.€Coóó.,Ï811€S.W.2d€523,€524€(Tenn.€1991).ÌÌà8 àà àThe€standards€governing€the€assessment€of€evidence€in€theÏsummary€judgment€context€are€also€well€established.€CourtsÏmust€view€the€evidence€in€the€light€most€favorable€to€theÏnonmoving€party€and€must€also€draw€all€reasonable€inferenc…es€in€the€nonmoving€party's€favor.€òòByrdóó,€847€S.W.2d€atÏ210„11.€Courts€should€grant€a€summary€judgment€only€whenÏboth€the€facts€and€the€conclusions€to€be€drawn€from€theÏfacts€permit€a€reasonable€person€to€reach€only€one€conclu…sion.€Id.ÌÌÌòòCarvell€v.€Bottomsóó,€900€S.W.2d€23€(Tenn.€1995).ÌÌÓÓÌà@ àÔ&  Ôò òTHE€FACTSó óÌÌà àThere€are€no€disputed€facts€as€to€the€way€and€manner€in€whichÔ'  ÔÏthe€accident€happened.€€The€minor€plaintiff€(age€16€at€the€time€ofÏthe€accident)€was€a€member€of€Mr.€Fragomeni's€Health€and€PhysicalÍEducation€class.€€Immediately€prior€to€the€minor€plaintiff'sÏinjury,€the€class€in€which€the€minor€plaintiff€was€a€member€brokeÏfor€lunch€and€the€students€went€outside.€€Approximately€seven€ofÏthe€male€members€of€the€class€began€to€engage€in€horseplay.€€TheÏhorseplay€began€to€get€rough€at€which€time€Mr.€Fragomeni€orderedÏthe€students€to€stop.€€All€did€except€for€the€minor€plaintiff.€ÏEither€the€plaintiff€jumped€on€the€back€of€another€and€largerÏstudent€or€the€plaintiff€tackled€the€larger€student€at€the€legs.× ƒ& ××  ×€ÏThe€two€fell€back€and€the€minor€plaintiff's€arm€was€broken.ÌÌà àThe€plaintiff€freely€admits€that€he€was€engaged€in€horseplayÏbut€denies€that€Mr.€Fragomeni€told€them€to€stop.€€Additionally€heÏasserts€that€Mr.€Fragomeni€encouraged€the€horseplay.€€Mr.€Fraga„mini€denies€that€he€did€so.€€The€plaintiff€disagrees€assertingÏthat€Mr.€Fragomeni€stated:€"go€get€him€Joe,"€and€"Joe's€the€topÏdog€in€his€class."€€These€are€the€only€facts€in€dispute.ÌÌà àIn€his€deposition,€the€plaintiff€was€asked€the€followingÏquestions€and€gave€the€following€answers:ÌÌÒ  ÒÒ  ÒÓÓà0 àà àQ.à àWhen€does€the€comment€ð"ð€When€did€Coach€FragomeniÏsay,€"It€looks€like€Joe's€the€top€dog€in€class,"Ïbefore€you€grabbed€Chris?ÌÌà0 àà àA.à àWhen€I€was€walking€toward€Chris€to€grab€him.ÌÌQ.à àOkay.ÌÌà0 àà àA.à àWhen€I€grabbed€him,€I€picked€him€up.€€You€know,€whenÏI€was€walking€toward€Chris€to€grab€him,€he€said€it,Ïthen€right€after€he€got€through€saying€it,€I€grabbedÏChris€and€picked€him€up.ÌÌà0 àà àQ.à àAre€you€telling€me€that€you€were€not€going€to€pickÏup€Chris?ÌÌà0 àà àA.à àYes,€I€was€picking€Chris€up.ÌÌà0 àà àQ.à àSo€it€didn't€matter€what€Coach€Fragomeni€said€oneÏway€or€the€other;€is€that€right?ÌÌA.à àYes.ÌÌà0 àà àQ.à àNo€matter€what€the€coach€said€or€didn't€say,€youÏwere€going€to€pick€up€Chris.ÌÌA.à àYes.ÌÌÒ ° ÒÒ ° ÒÓÓÌà àIn€ruling€on€a€motion€for€summary€judgment,€the€trial€court€andÏthis€court€are€required€to€view€all€the€evidence€in€a€light€mostÏfavorable€to€the€non„moving€party.€€The€issues€that€lie€at€theÏheart€of€evaluating€a€summary€judgment€motion€are:€(1)€whether€aÏfactual€dispute€exists;€(2)€whether€the€disputed€fact€is€materialÏto€the€outcome€of€the€case;€and€(3)€whether€the€disputed€factÏcreates€a€genuine€issue€for€trial.€€òòByrd€v.€Hallóó,€supra,€at€214.€ÏA€disputed€fact€is€òòmaterialóó€if€it€must€be€decided€in€order€toÏresolve€the€substantive€claim€or€defense€at€which€the€motion€isÏdirected.€€òòByrdóó,€at€215.ÌÌÓ ` °œXÓÓÓà8 àà àThe€standard€of€care€for€teachers€and€school€offi…cials€is€well€stated€in€the€case€of€òòKing€by€King€v.ÏKartansonóó,€720€S.W.2d€65€(Tenn.€App.€1986).€In€that€caseÏtwo€teachers€had€been€found€guilty€of€negligence€inÏallowing€a€13„year„old€student,€under€their€care,€toÏcross€a€street€unsupervised.€The€boy€was€struck€by€a€carÏin€so€doing.€On€appeal€the€case€was€reversed€and,€inÏdoing€so,€the€court€said:ÌÌà8 àà àTeachers€in€local€school€districts€are€not€expectedÏto€be€insurers€of€the€safety€of€students€while€they€areÏat€school.€òòRoberts€v.€Robertson€County€Board€of€Educa…tionóó,€692€S.W.2d€863€(Tenn.€App.€1985).€The€standard€ofÏcare€is€that€of€reasonable€and€ordinary€care€under€theÏcircumstances.€òòHawkins€County€v.€Davisóó,€216€Tenn.€262,Ï391€S.W.2d€658€(1965).€This€standard€of€care€variesÏaccording€to€the€nature€of€the€persons€to€whom€the€dutyÏis€owed€and€the€circumstances€under€which€the€partiesÍfind€themselves.€òòRoberts€v.€Robertson€County€Board€ofÏEducationóó,€692€S.W.2d€863€(Tenn.€App.€1985).€The€extentÏto€which€a€teacher€must€supervise€the€activities€of€hisÏor€her€students€must€be€determined€with€reference€to€theÏage€and€inexperience€of€the€students,€their€maturity,Ïand€the€dangers€to€which€they€may€be€exposed.€òòTownsleyÏv.€Yellow€Cab€Companyóó,€145€Tenn.€91,€237€S.W.€58€(1922).ÌÌòòGoedeke,€et€al€v.€Carter,€et€alóó,€(Tenn.€App.€opinion€filed€MarchÏ17,€1989).ÌÌÓÓÌà àIn€our€view,€judged€under€the€above€rules€of€law,€the€"dis…puted€facts"€set€out€above€are€not€"material"€facts€which€wouldÏrender€summary€judgment€inappropriate.€€Clearly€from€the€testimonyÏof€the€plaintiff,€neither€actions€or€inactions€of€Mr.€FragomeniÏled€to€the€injury.€€Additionally€tested€under€the€standards€underÏwhich€a€directed€verdict€or€JNOV€is€appropriate,€we€are€of€theÏopinion€that€reasonable€minds€could€not€differ€as€to€apportionmentÏof€fault€to€the€extent€that€the€plaintiff€was€at€least€fiftyÏpercent€at€fault€and€thus€barred€from€recovery.€€òòSeeóó€òòEaton€v.ÏMcClainóó,€891€S.W.2d€587€(Tenn.€1994).ÌÌà àThe€plaintiffs€further€argue€that€the€teacher€was€negligentÏin€that€he€violated€school€rules€or€policy.€€While€it€is€estab…lished€that€the€school€had€a€"hands€off"€policy,€it€is€not€clearÍwhether€the€"hands€off"€refers€to€student€to€student€or€teacher€toÏstudent.€€In€any€event,€however,€we€must€decide€if€a€violation€ofÏa€school€rule€or€policy€by€a€teacher€constitutes€actionable€negli…gence.€€We€hold€that€it€does€not.ÌÌÓÓà8 àà à[This]€court€addressed€the€issue€of€the€creation€ofÏliability€by€virtue€of€requirements€of€company€rules€inÏthe€case€of€òòEpstein,€Henning€&€Co.€v.€Railway€Coóó.,€4ÏTenn.€App.€412€(1926).€As€pertinent€here,€the€courtÏquoted€with€approval€as€follows:Ì€Ìà8 àà0 àà à"Private€rules€of€a€master€regulating€theÏconduct€of€his€servants€in€the€management€of€hisÏown€business,€although€designed€for€the€protectionÏof€others,€stand€on€an€entirely€different€footingÏfrom€statutes€and€municipal€ordinances€designed€forÏthe€protection€of€the€public.€The€latter,€as€far€asÏthey€go,€fix€the€standard€of€duty€toward€those€whomÏthey€were€intended€to€protect,€and€a€violation€ofÏthem€is€negligence€in€law€or€per€se.€But€a€personÏcannot,€by€the€adoption€of€private€rules,€fix€theÏstandard€of€his€duty€to€others.€That€is€fixed€byÏlaw,€either€statutory€or€common.€Such€rules€mayÏrequire€more,€or€they€may€require€less,€than€theÏlaw€requires;€and€whether€a€certain€course€ofÏconduct€is€negligent!€or€the€exercise€of€reasonableÏcare,€must€be€determined€by€the€standard€fixed€byÏlaw,€without€regard€to€any€private€rules€of€theÏparty."€ÌÌGoedeke,€supra.ÌÌÓÓÌà àIn€òòGoedekeóó,€supra€and€in€òòSnider€v.€Snideróó,€855€S.W.2d€588Ï(Tenn.€App.€1983)€the€above€rules€were€applied€in€actions€againstÏcounty€school€boards.€€Additionally€we€note€that€the€courts€inÏthis€state€have€consistently€held€that€a€violation€of€rules€orÏother€regulations€promulgated€to€regulate€"in€house"€conduct€doesÏnot€constitute€negligence€òòper€seóó.€€òòSeeóó,€òòe.góó.€òòNevill€v.€City€ofÏTullahomaóó,€756€S.W.2d€226€(Tenn.€1988)€and€òòRimer€v.€City€ofÏCollegedaleóó,€835€S.W.2d€22€(Tenn.€App.€1992).ÌÌà àUnder€the€prevailing€law€when€applied€to€the€undisputed€factsÏand€circumstances€of€this€case€we€are€of€the€opinion€that€summaryÏjudgment€was€appropriate.€€We€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trialÏcourt.ÌÌà àCosts€are€taxed€to€the€appellant€and€this€case€is€remanded€toÏthe€trial€court€for€the€collection€thereof.ÌÌÌÓÓ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€__________________________________Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Don€T.€McMurray,€J.ÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌ___________________________________ÌHerschel€P.€Franks,€J.ÌÌ___________________________________ÌClifford€E.€Sanders,€Sr.€Judge.ÌÇÑ  ÑÌà@ àIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALSÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌWANDA€SHARP,€Individually€and€as)€€ANDERSON€CIRCUITÌMother€and€Next€Friend€of€€€€€€€)€€C.A.€NO.€03A01„9508„CV„00282ÌJOSEPH€RIGGS,€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€Plaintiffs„Appellants€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ìvs.€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)€€HON.€JAMES€B.€SCOTT,€JR.Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)€€JUDGEÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)ÌANDERSON€COUNTY€and€ANDERSON€€€€)€€AFFIRMED€AND€REMANDEDÌSCHOOL€BOARD€OF€EDUCATION,€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€Defendants„Appellees€€)ÌÌÌ€Ìà@ àò òòòORDERóóó óÌÌÌÓÓà àThis€appeal€came€on€to€be€heard€upon€the€record€from€theÏCircuit€Court€of€Anderson€County,€briefs€and€argument€of€counsel.€ÏUpon€consideration€thereof,€this€Court€is€of€the€opinion€thatÏthere€was€no€reversible€error€in€the€trial€court.Ìà àThe€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed.€€Costs€are€taxedÏto€the€appellant€and€this€case€is€remanded€to€the€trial€court€forÏthe€collection€thereof.ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€PER€CURIAMÌ