ÿWPCÄ …# VUNa %¯ 0(µw@Ý4 1 0J@ 0TŠ 0^Þ 0h< 0l¤ 0D 0rT 0|Æ 0†B 0È 1uX U,Í 0dù U,]U>‰B)ÇDCð AM3U*€ªªuÉv~>vÓ¼ D3 B 0@ß AOÆn 0D4 D/x B§˜HP LaserJet 4Si/4SiMX PS 600dpiPSCRIPTÀÌÀääÀÀÌ0 (ÖÃ9 Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡ ÓUԠՠ֠נأÙÚÛÓ€ç}B!3|xç2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô((3üÝ$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô  ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)< Œ 9p`(ModernP ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(Monaco< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman% Line 7 d 7Border 1dd€-!Cþÿ << Gÿÿ< Œ 9p`(Arial öÝ ƒ!ÝÔ€ÔÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÔ€#ÔÔ€#ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€#XÔÌÌò òAugust€27,€1996ÌÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€#ôÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó Ý ƒ!ÝÔ€ÔÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ$Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝShelby€County€Health€Care€Corporation,€d/b/a€Regional€Medical€center,€entered€aÏvoluntary€nonsuit€in€this€case€and€is€not€a€party€to€this€appeal.Ì kÝ ƒ!ÝÔ€ÔÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ$Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝThe€policy€provides:ÌÌà@ àExclusions€and€LimitationsÌÌà8 àCovered€expenses€will€not€include,€and€no€benefits€will€be€paid€for€any€chargesÏwhich€are€incurred:ÌÌà8 à(2)€as€a€result€from:€(a)€a€self„inflicted€injury.ÌPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'@Styl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑMonacoÑÑ ÑÒ  BA Op Monaco ÒÒ  BA Op Monaco Ò++++'ÿÿdxd d("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÓ&€X„d&ÓÑ#€Xd#ÑÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÑ\R AØ'\ÑÓ` Ü` p”XÓÑ\R AØ'\Ñà@ àò òIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEE,€WESTERN€SECTIONÌÙ€€ÙÙ€€ÙßL€"$!;+'h|k´` Å `€€Lßà@ àAT€JACKSONÌà@ à_______________________________________________________ÌÌó óà à)ò òÌSHELBY€COUNTY€HEALTH€CARE€ó óà à)à àÌò òCORPORATION€d/b/a€REGIONALó óà à)à àÌò òMEDICAL€CENTERó ó,à à)Ìà à)Ì€€€€€Plaintiff,à à)Ìà à)ÌVS.à à)à àCircuit€Court€of€Shelby€CountyÌà à)à àNo.€58097€T.D.Ìò òJIMMIE€D.€WHITTEN€andó óà à)Ìò òDELL€B.€WHITTENó óà à)Ìà à)Ì€€€€€Defendant.à à)Ì____________________________________)à àC.€A.€NO.€02A01„9508„CV„00168Ìà à)Ìò òJIMMIE€B.€WHITTEN€andó óà à)Ìò òDELL€B.€WHITTENó ó,à à)Ìà à)Ì€€€€€Third„Party€Plaintiffs/Appellants.à à)Ìà à)ÌVS.à à)Ìà à)Ìò òGOLDEN€RULE€INSURANCEó óà à)ò òÌCOMPANYó ó,à à)Ìà à)Ì€€€€€Third„Party€Defendant/Appellee.à à)Ì______________________________________________________________________________ÌÌFrom€the€Circuit€Court€of€Shelby€County€at€Memphis.Ìò òHonorable€Wyeth€Chandler,€Judgeó óÌÌÌÌò òStanley€J.€Klineó ó,€Memphis,€TennesseeÌò òMarshall€Gerberó ó,€Memphis,€TennesseeÌAttorneys€for€Third„Party€Plaintiffs/Appellants,€Jimmie€D.€Whitten€and€Dell€B.€Whitten.ÌÌÌÌò òDavid€A.€Andersonó ó,ÌANDERSON€&€ASSOCIATES,€P.C.,€Indianapolis,€INÌò òMartin€Zummachó ó,€ÌNEELY,€GREENE,€FARGARSON€&€BROOKE,€Memphis,€TennesseeÌAttorneys€for€Third„Party€Defendant/Appellee,€Golden€Rule€Insurance€Company.ÌÌOPINION€FILED:ÌÌò òREVERSED€AND€REMANDEDó óÌò òÌà àFARMER,€J.ÌÌÌÌCRAWFORD,€P.J.,€W.S.€ó ó:€(Concurs)Ìò òLILLARD,€J.€ó ó:€(Concurs)ÌÌÓÓÓ  ÓÓ` Ü` ˜XÓà àJimmie€D.€Whitten€was€injured€as€the€result€of€a€self„inflicted€gun€shot€wound€toÏthe€mouth€in€a€failed€suicide€attempt.€Golden€Rule€Insurance€Company,€which€insured€WhittenÏunder€a€major€medical€insurance€policy,€denied€coverage€for€her€injuries€on€the€grounds€that€theÏpolicy€contained€an€exclusion€for€ð ðself„inflicted€injury.ðð€€After€Shelby€County€Health€CareÏCorporation,€d/b/a€Regional€Medical€Center,€filed€suit€against€Jimmie€D.€Whitten€and€her€husbandÏDell€B.€Whitten€(ð ðappellantsðð€or€by€name)€for€unpaid€medical€services€incurred€during€theÏtreatment€of€Whittenððs€injuries,× ƒ% ××  ×€appellants€filed€a€third€party€complaint€against€Golden€RuleÏInsurance€Company€(ð ðappelleeðð)€seeking€payment€of€benefits€under€the€policy.€€Both€parties€to€theÏthird€party€suit€filed€motions€for€summary€judgment.€€The€trial€court€granted€appelleeððs€motion€onÏthe€grounds€that€there€was€no€genuine€issue€of€material€fact€that€Whittenððs€injuries€were€ð ðself„inflicted,ðð€and€therefore€excluded€from€coverage€under€the€policy.€€The€sole€issue€on€appeal€isÏwhether€the€trial€court€erred€in€granting€appelleeððs€motion€for€summary€judgment.€€For€theÏforegoing€reasons,€we€reverse€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.€ÌÌà àThe€policy€provides€benefits€as€a€result€of€ð ðinjury,ðð€which€is€defined€as€ð ðanÏaccidental€bodily€injury.ðð€€The€policy€also€contained€an€exclusion€whereby€expenses€and€benefitsÏwould€not€be€paid€as€a€result€of€a€ð ðself„inflicted€injury.ðð× ƒ& ××  ×€€The€exclusionary€clause€does€not€stateÍwhether€the€ð ðself„inflicted€injuryðð€must€be€intentional€or€whether€coverage€is€excluded€whether€theÏact€is€committed€ð ðwhile€sane€or€insane.ððÌÌà àJimmie€Whitten,€age€51€at€the€time€of€the€suicide€attempt,€had€a€history€ofÏdepression.€€Dr.€Kenneth€McCown,€a€physician€specializing€in€internal€medicine,€began€treatingÏWhitten€for€depression€in€April€1992.€€Dr.€McCown€gave€Whitten€a€prescription€tranquilizer€andÏantidepressant,€which€helped€her€condition.€€In€September€1992,€Whitten€was€involved€in€a€minorÏcar€accident€that€allegedly€exacerbated€her€condition.€€On€December€1,€1992,€Dr.€McCown€againÏnoted€that€Whitten€was€suffering€from€anxiety€and€depression.€€Whitten€was€eventuallyÏhospitalized€for€inpatient€psychiatric€treatment€for€19€days€that€month€with€a€diagnosis€of€majorÏdepression€with€psychotic€features.€€Dr.€Karen€Berry,€Whittenððs€treating€psychiatrist,€stated€thatÏWhitten€denied€any€thoughts€of€suicide€at€that€time.ÌÌà àOn€the€morning€of€May€5,€1993,€Jimmie€Whitten€discharged€a€.38€caliber€revolverÏinto€her€mouth€in€a€failed€suicide€attempt.€€The€record€reflects€that€Whitten€awoke€at€7:00€a.m.€andÏretrieved€the€gun€from€a€downstairs€bedroom€nightstand€and€took€it€upstairs€to€another€bedroom.€ÏAt€8:05€a.m.,€Whitten€discharged€one€round€into€her€mouth.€€Whitten€suffered€spinal€injuries€andÏinjuries€to€the€internal€structures€of€her€mouth€due€to€the€gun€shot€wound.€€The€police€reportÏindicates€that€when€officers€arrived€at€the€scene€at€approximately€8:35€a.m.,€they€found€WhittenÏlying€on€her€bed€and€trying€to€talk.€€The€police€report€indicated€that€Whitten€€said€several€times,Ïð ðWhy€did€I€do€this,€I€wish€I€hadnððt€have€done€it,€Iððm€sorry.ðð€€Whitten€testified€that€she€does€notÏremember€pulling€the€trigger€or€having€the€intent€to€kill€or€injure€herself€at€the€time€of€the€suicideÏattempt.ÌÌà àAppellants€filed€a€claim€for€benefits€under€the€health€insurance€policy.€€Based€on€theÍpolice€report€and€Whittenððs€medical€records,€appellee€denied€appellantsðð€claim€on€the€grounds€thatÏthe€policy€excluded€coverage€for€ð ðself„inflicted€injury.ððÌÌà àAppellants€third„party€complaint€against€appellee€to€recover€benefits€was€based€onÏthe€grounds€that€the€policy€did€not€define€the€term€ð ðself„inflicted€injury,€and€as€a€result€the€languageÏwas€overly€broad€and€ambiguous.€€Moreover,€appellants€contended€that€the€policy€did€notÏspecifically€exclude€attempted€suicide€while€sane€or€insane.€€In€support€of€its€motion€for€summaryÏjudgment,€appellees€relied€on€the€express€language€of€the€ð ðself„inflicted€injuryðð€exclusion€and€aÏportion€of€Whittenððs€deposition€in€which€she€admitted€that€her€injuries€were€ð ðself„inflicted.ðð€ÏAppellants€contended€that€at€the€time€of€the€suicide€attempt,€Whitten€was€suffering€from€severeÏmental€illness€caused€by€the€September€1992€car€accident,€and€could€not€form€the€intent€to€injureÏherself.€€In€support€of€this€contention,€appellants€submitted€the€affidavits€of€Dell€Whitten€and€Dr.ÏJohn€Kington,€a€psychiatrist€who€first€treated€Whitten€on€May€17,€1993,€twelve€days€after€theÏsuicide€attempt.€€Dr.€Kington€stated€in€pertinent€part€as€follows:ÌÌÓÓà8 àà à(a)€It€is€my€opinion€Mrs.€Whitten€does€suffer€from€BipolarÏIllness,€primarily€Depressed€type.ÌÌà8 àà à(b)€It€is€my€opinion,€Mrs.€Whitten€experienced€a€significantÏexacerbation€of€her€depression€as€a€result€of€a€rear€end€collision€inÏwhich€she€was€struck€by€another€car€and€following€this€there€was€aÏprogression€of€her€depression€over€the€coming€year,€culminating€inÏthe€gun€shot€wound€to€her€mouth.€€It€is€my€opinion€that€theÏautomobile€accident€and€the€eventual€gun€shot€wound€are€causelyÏ[sic]€related€with€the€motor€vehicle€accident€exacerbating€herÏdepression€which,€at€that€point€of€time€was€pre„existing.ÌÌà8 àà à(c)€It€is€my€opinion€that€Mrs.€Whitten€was€insane€at€the€timeÏof€the€self€inflicted€gun€shot€wound€of€May€5,€1993.€€It€is€myÏopinion€that€she€did€not€have€the€requisite€self€control€to€manage€herÏimpulsive€act€at€that€moment.€€It€is€further€my€opinion€that€she€couldÏnot€appreciate€the€consequences€of€her€actions€at€that€instant€whereinÏshe€shot€herself€due€to€the€illness€from€which€she€was€suffering.€€ItÏis€my€opinion€that€this€lady€could€not€and€did€not€appreciate€theÏgravity€or€severity€of€the€actions€which€she€was€taking€nor€did€sheÏhave€control€over€those€actions€which€she€was€taking€nor€did€sheÏhave€control€over€those€actions€due€to€her€mental€illness.ÌÌÌÌÓÓà àThe€trial€court€granted€appelleeððs€motion€on€the€grounds€that€there€was€no€genuineÏissue€material€fact€that€appellant€put€a€gun€in€her€mouth,€shot€herself€and€that€the€injury€wasÏself„inflicted,€thereby€excluding€coverage.€€The€court€also€held€that€the€policy€language€was€clear,Ïunambiguous,€and€applicable€to€the€facts€of€the€case.ÌÌà àA€trial€court€should€grant€a€motion€for€summary€judgment€when€the€movantÏdemonstrates€there€are€no€genuine€issues€of€material€fact€and€that€the€moving€party€is€entitled€toÏjudgment€as€a€matter€of€law.€€T.R.C.P.€56.03.€€The€party€moving€for€summary€judgment€bears€theÏburden€of€demonstrating€that€no€genuine€issue€of€material€fact€exists.€€òòò òByrd€v.€Hallóóó ó,€847€S.W.2dÏ208,€210€(Tenn.€1993).€€On€a€motion€for€summary€judgment,€the€trial€court€and€this€court€mustÏtake€the€strongest€legitimate€view€of€the€evidence€in€favor€of€the€nonmoving€party,€allow€allÏreasonable€inferences€in€favor€of€that€party,€and€discard€all€countervailing€evidence.€€òòò òIdóóó ó.€at€210„11.€ÏIn€òòò òByrdóóó ó,€our€supreme€court€stated€as€follows:ÌÌÓÓà8 àOnce€it€is€shown€by€the€moving€party€that€there€is€no€genuine€issueÏof€material€fact,€the€nonmoving€party€must€then€demonstrate,€byÏaffidavits€or€discovery€materials,€that€there€is€a€genuine,€material€factÏdispute€to€warrant€a€trial.€€In€this€regard,€Rule€56.05€provides€thatÏthe€nonmoving€party€cannot€simply€rely€upon€his€pleadings€but€mustÏset€forth€òòò òspecific€facts€ó óóóshowing€that€there€is€a€genuine€issue€ofÏmaterial€fact€for€trial.€€ð ðIf€he€does€not€so€respond,€summaryÏjudgment€.€.€.€shall€be€entered€against€him.ððÌÌÌÌÓÓòòò òId.óóó ó€at€211€(citations€omitted).€€Summary€judgment€is€only€appropriate€when€the€case€can€beÏdecided€on€the€legal€issues€alone.€€òòò òId.óóó ó€at€210.€€Because€only€questions€of€law€are€involved,€there€isÏno€presumption€of€correctness€regarding€a€trial€courtððs€granting€of€summary€judgment.€€òòò òJohnsonÏv.€EMPE,€Inc.óóó ó,€837€S.W.2d€62,€68€(Tenn.€App.€1992).€€Review€of€the€entry€of€summaryÏjudgment€is,€therefore,€de€novo,€on€the€record€before€this€court.ÌÌà àAppellantððs€first€contention€on€appeal€is€that€the€term€ð ðself„inflicted€injuryðð€isÏvague,€over€broad,€and€ambiguous,€and€therefore€unenforceable.€€In€particular,€appellant€contendsÏthat€omitting€the€phrase€ð ðwhether€sane€or€insane,ðð€modifying€the€term€ð ðself„inflicted€injury,ððÏresults€in€ambiguity.ÌÌà àAs€a€general€rule,€a€policy€or€contract€of€insurance€is€to€be€considered€liberally€andÏany€ambiguity€in€the€contract€is€to€be€construed€in€favor€of€the€insured€and€strictly€construedÏagainst€the€insurer.€€òòò òE.g.,€Alvis€v.€Mutual€Benefit€Health€&€Acc.€Assððn.óóó ó,€201€Tenn.€198,€297ÏS.W.2d€643,€646.€€However,€in€the€absence€of€any€ambiguity€in€the€policy,€the€terms€expressedÏwithin€the€four€corners€of€the€insurance€policy€must€be€construed€so€as€to€give€effect€to€theÏintention€and€express€language€of€the€parties.€€òòò òTata€v.€Nicholsóóó ó,€848€S.W.2d€649,€650€(Tenn.Ï1993).€€ÌÌà àAppellant€contends€that€the€term€ð ðself„inflicted€injuryðð€is€so€broad€that€the€termÏmight€be€interpreted€such€that€any€injury€that€results€from€any€intentional€act,€such€as€skydiving,Ïmaybe€considered€a€self„inflicted€injury.€€We€disagree.€€The€term€ð ðself„inflicted€injuryðð€is€notÏdefined€in€the€policy.€€However,€ð ðself„inflictedðð€is€defined€as€ð ðinflicted€or€imposed€on€oneself.ðð€Ïòòò òThe€American€Heritage€Dictionaryóóó ó,€1637€(3d€ed.€1992).€€The€policy€in€question€providesÏcoverage€for€accidental€injuries.€€The€term€ð ðaccidentðð€is€defined€as€ð ðan€unexpected,€undesirableÏevent.ðð€€òòò òIdóóó ó.€at€11.€€From€the€ordinary€definitions€of€these€terms,€it€is€evident€that€the€term€ð ðself„inflictedðð€does€not€subsume€the€policy€coverage€for€injury€by€ð ðaccidentðð€and€does€not€require€strictÏconstruction€of€the€term€against€the€insurer.ÌÌà àAlthough€Whittenððs€injuries€were€literally€ð ðself„inflictedðð€from€the€standpoint€thatÏthere€is€no€evidence€that€anyone€except€Whitten€was€responsible€for€the€gun€discharging,€theÏremaining€issue€is€whether€Whittenððs€injuries€were€the€result€of€an€ð ðaccident,ðð€which€would€be€aÏcovered€loss€under€the€insurance€policy.€€The€fact€that€Whittenððs€injuries€were€self„inflicted€doesÍnot€preclude€the€harm€from€being€deemed€accidental,€provided€that€at€the€time€of€the€accident,€sheÏcould€not€expect€or€foresee€the€possibility€of€injury.€€òòò òSeeóóó ó€10€òòò òCouch€on€Insurance€2dóóó ó€ðð€41:23,€atÏ32€(Rev.€ed.€1982)€€As€a€general€rule,€one€who€voluntarily€and€intentionally€does€a€thing€fromÏwhich,€as€a€reasonable€person,€she€foresaw€or€should€have€foreseen€that€her€death€or€injury€mightÏresult,€such€death€or€injury€is€not€an€accident.€€òòò òJones€v.€Firemanððs€Fund€American€Life€Ins.ÏCo.ó óóó,€731€S.W.2d€532,€534€(Tenn.€App.€1986)€(citing€òòò òMutual€Life€Ins.€Co.€v.€Distrettió óóó,€159ÏTenn.€138,€17€S.W.2d€11€(1929)).ÌÌà àIn€òòò òJonesóóó ó,€this€Court€held€that€neither€the€ex„wife€nor€present€wife€could€recoverÏunder€a€life€insurance€policy€based€on€accidental€death€where€husband€was€shot€in€the€chest€as€theÏresult€of€a€struggle€with€his€wife.€€Husband,€who€was€in€the€car€with€his€wife€and€two€children,Ïpulled€out€a€gun€from€under€his€seat€and€pointed€it€at€his€wife.€€With€his€left€hand,€husband€placedÏwifeððs€right€hand€over€his€right€hand€which€held€the€pistol.€€Wife€pushed€the€pistol€away€from€her.€ÏDuring€the€ensuing€struggle,€the€gun€discharged,€and€husband€received€a€fatal€gun€shot€wound€toÏthe€chest.ÌÌà àThis€court,€applying€the€òòò òDistrettió óóó€rule,€upheld€the€trial€courtððs€award€of€summaryÏjudgment€for€the€insurer€on€the€grounds€that€husbandððs€death€was€not€accidental.€€This€court€heldÏthat€it€was€reasonable€for€a€person€who€did€what€husband€did€to€assume,€under€all€the€attendingÏcircumstances,€that€it€was€reasonably€foreseeable€that€his€wife€would€resist€having€the€pistolÏpointed€at€her,€would€resist€his€efforts,€and€that€his€injury€or€death€might€result€therefrom.€€òòò òIdóóó ó.€atÏ533„35.€ÌÌà àThis€case€differs€from€òòò òJonesóóó ó€because€the€allegation€that€Whittenððs€injuries€were€theÏresult€of€her€mental€illness€bears€on€the€issue€of€whether€her€injuries€were€foreseeable€at€the€time€ofÏthe€suicide€attempt.€€From€the€record€it€is€apparent€that€in€ruling€on€the€partiesðð€motions€forÍsummary€judgment,€the€trial€court€did€not€consider€the€possibility€that€Whittenððs€injuries€were€theÏresult€of€an€accident.€€Although€her€injuries€were€ð ðself„inflicted,ðð€appellants€contend€that€WhittenÏwas€suffering€from€severe€mental€illness€as€a€result€of€her€September€1992€car€accident,€and€as€aÏresult€could€not€form€the€requisite€intent€to€injure€herself.€€Appellants,€as€the€nonmoving€party,€setÏforth€specific€facts€in€the€form€of€Dr.€Kingtonððs€affidavit€filed€in€opposition€to€appelleeððs€motionÏfor€summary€judgment.€€Dr.€Kingtonððs€allegation€that€Whitten€was€insane€at€the€time€of€the€suicideÏattempt,€if€taken€as€true,€creates€a€genuine€issue€of€material€fact€as€to€whether€Whitten€foresaw€orÏshould€have€foreseen€that€her€death€or€injury€might€result€from€her€suicide€attempt,€and€whetherÏher€injury€was€by€accident,€and€therefore€a€covered€loss€under€the€policy.€€The€partiesðð€basicÏdisagreement€as€to€Whittenððs€mental€state€at€the€time€of€the€suicide€attempt€raises€a€genuine€issue€ofÏmaterial€fact€that€the€trier€of€fact€must€legitimately€resolve.€€Therefore,€we€hold€that€the€grant€ofÏsummary€judgment€to€appellee€was€improper.ÌÌà àFor€the€foregoing€reasons,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€reversed,€and€this€causeÏis€remanded€to€the€trial€court€for€proceedings€not€inconsistent€with€this€opinion.€€Costs€in€thisÏcause€on€appeal€are€taxed€to€appellee,€for€which€execution€may€issue€if€necessary.ÌÌÓÓÓ` Ü` È“XÓà à_______________________________Ìà àFARMER,€J.ÌÌÌÌ______________________________ÌCRAWFORD,€P.J.,€W.S.€(Concurs)ÌÌÌÌ______________________________ÌLILLARD,€J.€(Concurs)Ì