ÿWPCò! …4Vj 0(y¡w@© 0lé 0DU 0J™ 0Tã 0^7 0h• 0rý 0|o 0†ë 0q 1u UBv %¸ U,¾ 0dê U,N Bz U6— B)Í DCö AM9U*† D3°,ã> 0@Mov~üvÓz AOM Æœ 0Db! D/¦! BÕ!v‡d ÔøÔô3|xà($¡¡ ÌUÍUÎDÏUÐUÑDÒDÓDÔUÕÓ€((3úÝ$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)<þ6X9`(*Courier 12pt10cpiX< Œ 9p`(ModernP ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(Monaco d< Œ 9p`(Courier New% Line 7 d&&&&7Border 1dd€-'Cþÿ << Gÿÿ< Œ 9p`(Arial$$$$'ÿÿdxd "Ý ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€%ÔÝ  ÝÔ€)ÔÔ€)ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€)XÔÌÌò òMarch€6,€1996ÌÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€)ôÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó 4Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€%ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ$Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  Ýò òÔ€%ôÔ36„5„104.€€Failure€to€comply€with€child€support€order€„ÏCriminal€à0 àsanctionsó ó.€„€(a)€Any€person,€ordered€to€provide€support€andÏmaintenance€for€a€minor€child€or€children,€who€fails€to€complyÏwith€the€order€or€decree,€may,€in€the€discretion€of€the€court,€beÏpunished€by€imprisonment€in€the€county€workhouse€or€county€jailÏfor€a€period€not€to€exceed€six€(6)€months.Ì("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò eÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€%ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ$Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  Ýò òÔ€%ôÔ29„9„102.€€Scope€of€power.€„ó ó€The€power€of€the€several€courts€toÏissue€à0 àattachments,€and€inflict€punishments€for€contempts€of€court,€shallÏnot€be€construed€to€extend€to€any€except€the€following€cases:ÌÌà0 àà à(1)€The€willful€misbehavior€of€any€person€in€the€presence€of€theÏcourt,€or€so€near€thereto€as€to€obstruct€the€administration€of€justice.Ìà0 àà à(2)€The€willful€misbehavior€of€any€of€the€officers€of€said€courts,Ïin€their€official€transactions.Ìà0 àà à(3)€The€willful€disobedience€or€resistance€of€any€officer€of€theÏsaid€courts,€party,€juror,€witness,€or€any€other€person,€to€any€lawfulÏwrit,€process,€order,€rule,€decree€or€command€of€said€courts.Ìà0 àà à(4)€Abuse€of,€or€unlawful€interference€with,€the€process€orÏproceedings€of€the€court.Ìà0 àà à(5)€Willfully€conversing€with€jurors€in€relation€to€the€merits€ofÏthe€cause€in€the€trial€of€which€they€are€engaged,€or€otherwise€tamperingÏwith€them.Ìà0 àà à(6)€Any€other€act€or€omission€declared€a€contempt€by€law.ÌÌà0 àò ò29„9„103.€€Punishment.€„€ó óThe€punishment€for€contempt€may€be€by€fineÏor€by€imprisonment€or€both.Ìà0 àà à(b)€Where€not€otherwise€specially€provided,€the€circuit,€chancery,Ïand€appellate€courts€are€limited€to€a€fine€of€fifty€dollars€($50.00),Ïand€imprisonment€not€exceeding€ten€(10)€days,€and€all€other€courts€areÏlimited€to€a€fine€of€ten€dollars€($10.00).ÌÌPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'@Styl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑMonacoÑÑ ÑÒ  BA: T Monaco ÒÒ  BA: T Monaco Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÓ&€##X„d&ÓÑ#€##Xd#ÑÔ€%ÔÝ  ÝÒ Ü ÒÒ ° ÒÑ ý ÑÑ  ÑÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ7€¦XXdÈdÈ7ÑÙ€€ÙßL€(+';+'h|` Å `€€Lß›€€€€à@ àò òIN€THE€COURT€OFÏAPPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌà@ àEASTERN€SECTIONÌó óÌœ›ÌÌÌJAY€FRANKLIN€SMITH,à àà àà àœ)€€C/A›€NO.Ï03A01„9511„CH„00381Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àœPlaintiff„Appellee,à à›à àœ)›€œ€HAMBLEN›€CHANCERYÌà àà àà àà àà àà àœ)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)›Ìv.à àà àà àà àà àà à)€œ€HON.›€DENNIS€H.€INMAN,Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)€œ€CHANCELLORÌà àà àà àà àà àà à)›ÌPATRICIA€ANN€SMITH,à àà àà àœ)€€AFFIRMED€IN€PART,›Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àœ)€€REVERSED€IN€PART›Ìà àDefendant„Appellant.à àœ)€€AND€REMANDED›ÌÌÌÌÌHERBERT€M.€BACON€and€MARK€A.€COWAN,€BACON,€JESSEE,€PERKINS€&ÏSWANSON,€Morristown,€for€Plaintiff„Appellee.ÌÌETHEL€P.€LAWS,€Morristown,€for€Defendant„Appellant.ÌÌÌÌœ›ÌÌà@ àò òòòO€P€I€N€I€O€Nóóó óÌÌÌà@ àòòÌÓÓóóà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àFranks.€J.ÌÌà àà àIn€this€custody€dispute,€the€parties€were€divorced€inÏ1992,€and€the€mother€was€granted€custody€of€the€partiesðð€minorÏson.€€The€decree€provided€that€the€mother€would€not€remove€theÏchild€from€the€State€without€permission€of€the€Court,€but€noÏscheduled€visitation€was€ordered.€€œÌà àà àSubsequently,›€visitation€schedules€were€ordered€orÏagreed€upon€and€in€June€of€1993€the€mother€asked€permission€toÏmove€to€Florida€with€the€child,€which€petition€was€denied.€€InÏ1994,€the€father€petitioned€for€a€change€of€custody€and€contemptÏfor€failure€of€the€mother€to€allow€ordered€visitation.€€TheÏCourt€refused€to€change€custody,€but€sentenced€the€mother€to€twoÏdays€in€jail€for€contempt€of€court,€but€stayed€the€sentenceÏindefinitely€œon€ð ðthe›€assumption€there€will€be€no€recurrence€ofÏthis€particular€œproblemð ð.›€€This€judgment€was€entered€on€DecemberÏ13,€1994.€€Ìà àà àIn€January€of€1995,€the€father€filed€a€petition€forÏcontempt,€change€of€custody€and€other€relief,€asking€that€theÏwife€be€held€in€contempt€for€failure€to€honor€the€visitationÏschedule€during€the€Christmas€holidays€and€in€January€of€1995.€ÏThe€mother€filed€a€detailed€answer€generally€denying€theÏallegations,€and€no€immediate€hearing€was€scheduled.€€œÌà àà àOn›€May€23,€the€father€filed€an€amended€petitionÏalleging€further€violations€of€the€ordered€visitation€by€theÏmother.€€The€mother€answered€the€amendment€to€the€petition€forÏcontempt€and€countered€with€a€request€that€the€Court€allow€herÏto€relocate€with€the€child€to€the€State€of€Florida.€€œÌà àà àThe›€Trial€Judge,€upon€hearing€proof,€denied€theÏmotherððs€application€to€move€with€the€child€to€the€State€ofÏFlorida,€and€found€that€she€had€wilfully€refused€to€make€theÍchild€available€for€ordered€visitation€on€three€occasions,€andÏsentenced€her€to€ten€days€in€jail€for€each€contempt,€plus€theÏtwo€days€mentioned€in€the€December€judgment,€for€a€total€of€32Ïdays.€€He€then€ordered€that€sixteen€days€would€be€reserved,€theÏremaining€would€be€œð ðtemporarily›€œstayedð ð.›€€The€judgment€wasÏstayed€and€this€appeal€ensued.Ìà àà àAs€to€the€issue€on€the€judgment€for€contempt,€theÏmother€essentially€argues€that€the€judgment€is€for€criminalÏcontempt€œshould›€be€reversed€because€there€was€no€show€causeÏorder€issued€requiring€the€mother€to€appear€at€a€certain€timeÏand€show€why€she€should€not€be€held€in€contempt€of€court,€or€whyÏher€contempt€should€not€be€punished€with€incarceration,€andÏœasserts:€€ð ðWithout›€such€notice,€the€conviction€cannot€œstand.ð ð›Ìà àœà àWe›€cannot€agree.€€The€foregoing€argument€would€beÏvalid€had€the€Court€been€proceeding€under€Tennessee€CodeÏAnnotated€ðð36„5„104(a).× ƒ, ××  ×€€In€this€connection,€our€Supreme€CourtÏin€òòBrown€v.€Lathamóó€òòandóó€òòWalker€v.€Walker,€Jr.óó,€___€S.W.2d€___,Ï(filed€January€22,€1996€at€Nashville),€said:ÌÓÓà0 àà0 àThe€decision€of€this€Court€is€that€ðð36„5„104(a)Ïdefines€a€criminal€offense€and€the€respondents€areÏentitled€to€jury€trials.€€The€statute€states€theÏessential€indicia€of€a€criminal€offense.€€ItsÍviolation€is€not€declared€to€be€a€contempt€asÏcontemplated€by€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€ðð29„9„102.ÌÌÓÓThe€Court€then€œcontrasted›€this€section€with€ðð29„9„102× ƒ. ××  ×€andÏœconcluded:›ÌÓÓà0 àà0 àThe€punishment€authorized€far€exceeds€the€$50.00€fineÏand€ten€days€imprisonment€provided€in€Tennessee€CodeÏAnnotated€ðð29„9„102,€103,€which€are€the€sanctionsÏtraditionally€utilized€to€vindicate€the€authority€ofÏthe€courts.ÌÌÓÓAs€Judge€Daughtrey€observed€in€òòState€v.€Sammonsóó,€656€S.W.2d€862Ï(1982)€at€866:ÌÓÓà0 àà0 à[t]the€only€contempt€power€conferred€upon€the€trialÏcourt€for€infractions€of€visitation€and€custody€ordersÏis€found€in€T.C.A.€ðð29„9„102.€€T.C.A.€ðð29„9„103€limitsÏthe€maximum€fine€imposible€by€the€circuit€court€forÍsuch€contempts€to€$50.00,€and€the€maximum€period€ofÏimprisonment€to€ten€days.ÌÌÓÓà àà àIn€this€case,€the€petition€charged€specific€violationsÏof€the€œordered€visitation,›€and€asked€that€the€mother€beÏpunished.€€Clearly€the€Trial€Courtððs€contempt€judgment€was€madeÏto€vindicate€the€authority€of€the€Court.€€He€observed:ÌÓÓà0 àà0 àI€donððt€like€sentencing€people€to€jail.€€I€think€it€isÏsomewhere€beyond€the€last€resort,€but€somewhere€theÏCourt€has€got€to€uphold€the€integrity€and€validity€ofÏits€own€orders,€or€we€have€nothing€left€at€all€exceptÏfight€it€out€on€the€street.ÌÌÓÓThe€Courtððs€action€falls€within€and€is€authorized€by€T.C.A.€œðð29„1„102„3.€€We›€affirm€the€contempt€judgment.Ìà àà àThe€mother€argues€that€she€should€be€allowed€to€moveÏwith€the€child€to€the€State€of€Florida.€€During€the€trial,€theÏfatherððs€principal€resistance€to€the€move€was€expressed€in€theÏfollowing€question€and€answer:ÌÓÓà0 àà0 àQ.à0 àMr.€Smith,€if€the€Court€should€consider€allowingÏMrs.€Smith€to€take€that€job€and€move€to€Florida,Ïdo€you€think€you€would€ever€have€visitationÏagain?ÌÌà0 àà0 àA.à0 àNo,€I€wouldnððt.ÌÌÓÓThe€mother€was€asked€about€her€reasons€for€moving,€and€she€gaveÏthe€following€answers:ÌÓÓà0 àà0 àQ.à0 àYouððve€asked€this€Court€over€and€over€again€toÏbe€allowed€to€move€to€Florida?ÌÌà0 àà0 àA.à0 àYes.ÌÌà0 àà0 àQ.à0 àWhatððs€in€Florida?ÌÌà0 àà0 àA.à0 àA€lot€of€family,€a€lot€of€support,€good€jobs,Ígood€schools.ÌÌà0 àà0 àQ.à0 àWhat€family€is€down€there?ÌÌà0 àà0 àA.à0 àMy€mother,€my€step„father,€aunt,€uncle,€cousins,Ïmy€brother.ÌÌà0 àà0 àQ.à0 àDo€you€have€any€family€up€here€at€Hamlin€County?ÌÌà0 àà0 àA.à0 àNone€whatsoever.ÌÌà0 àà0 àQ.à0 àIf€you€were€allowed€to€move€to€Florida,€do€youÏunderstand€that€Justin€would€probably€spend€theÏentire€summer€with€his€daddy?ÌÌà0 àà0 àA.à0 àYes,€I€understand€that.ÌÌà0 àà0 àQ.à0 àAnd€thatððs€ok€with€you?ÌÌà0 àà0 àA.à0 àYes,€it€is.ÌÌà0 àà0 àQ.à0 àYou€would€bring€him€up€here€and€get€him€here€forÏthe€visitation?ÌÌà0 àà0 àA.à0 àYes.ÌÌà0 àà0 àQ.à0 àWould€yððall€have€any€plans€to€come€up€hereÏaround€Christmas,€or€would€you€provide€someÏtransportation€during€Christmas?ÌÌà0 àà0 àA.à0 àIf€the€Court€ordered€it,€I€would€see€that€he€wasÏhere.ÌÌÓÓà àà àThe€Court,€in€denying€removal,€gave€as€a€reason:ÌÓÓà0 àà0 àIn€any€event,€Mrs.€Smithððs€application€to€leave€theÏState€of€Tennessee€with€the€child€is€denied€because€IÏam€convinced€that€will€be€the€last€visit€the€childÏwill€ever€make€to€the€State€of€Tennessee.ÌÌÓÓà àà àThe€mother€has€the€burden€of€establishing€byÏpreponderance€of€the€evidence€that€it€is€in€the€childððs€bestÏinterest€to€relocate€with€the€child€to€the€State€of€Florida.€ÏòòTaylor€v.€Tayloróó,€849€S.W.2d€319€(Tenn.€1993).€€œòòÌà àà àTayloróó›€teaches€that€among€the€factors€to€be€consideredÏin€removal€disputes€are€that€the€welfare€of€the€child€isÏaffected€by€the€welfare€of€the€custodial€parent,€and€that€theÏbest€interests€of€the€child€must€be€reviewed€in€order€toÏdetermine€the€advantages€of€the€move€to€the€child.€€œÌà àà àThe›€father€in€his€brief€on€appeal€argues€that€allowingÏthe€mother€to€move€to€Florida€would€preclude€any€meaningfulÏrelationship€between€the€father€and€child,€and€to€move€the€childÏfrom€school€friends€and€surroundings€would€be€devastating€to€theÏchild,€and€in€effect,€he€fears€that€he€would€no€longer€have€anyÏvisitation€with€the€child.€€œMost€of€his€concerns€are€to€a€degreeÏpresent€in€any€relocation.Ìà àà àWe›€believe€the€evidence€preponderates€against€theÏTrial€Judgeððs€decision,€and€that€the€mother€and€child€should€beÏpermitted€to€relocate€to€Florida.€€œT.R.A.P.€Rule€13(d).€€The›Ïrecord€does€not€establish€that€the€father€would€lose€allÏvisitation€with€the€child,€œas€he€fears,€should›€the€move€takeÏplace.€€Moreover,€as€the€Supreme€Court€in€òòRogero€v.€Pittóó,€759ÏS.W.2d€109€(Tenn.€1988)€noted,€œð ðany›€arrangements€regardingÏcustody€of€a€minor€child€are€subject€to€the€continuing€controlÏof€the€court€rendering€the€decree,€so€long€as€one€of€the€partiesÏremains€in€œTennessee.ð 𛀀òòId.óó€112.Ìœ›œÌ›à àà àAccordingly,€the€judgment€of€the€Trial€Court€isÍaffirmed€as€to€the€finding€of€contempt,€but€reversed€on€theÏissue€of€the€motherððs€moving€to€Florida.€€Ìà àà àUpon€remand,€the€Trial€Court€will€set€liberalÏvisitation€with€the€father€during€œsummer€holidays›€and€otherÏschool€vacations.Ìà àà àThe€cost€of€the€appeal€is€assessed€one„half€to€eachÏparty€and€the€cause€remanded.ÌÌÓÓÌÌÌÌÌÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà à________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àHerschel€P.€Franks,€J.ÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌÌÌ___________________________ÌDon€T.€McMurray,€J.ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌ___________________________ÌCharles€D.€Susano,€Jr.,€J.ÌÌÌ