WPC  Gq>&*?hq{{qxղ r/SFp"4+NyhM{cdaM?-+IcOB𯸒gc`h Dꛟss䳫TϝI`JPjsG`$ߧM=H]kMpx-E(/ϛNm=7Nl IZ@Kģ '+4 5OCÉtgZғX#6Vկ>L [s:$LGpJv'?{|^- /0L _E8KKm4EӠELJէ ۓ"tWөP:m(e4(r6E z/4okQ /,%ʼ3%AϏP'%/M 8/ :t}ŭL7 UbR;<"ݒaiWNI}Rji*# LU:W % 0(b w@4 .6U:888888888888888888888 AQr 0D 0D 0D  D/U B B D3 HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,,,,,,0nLh,  AZ"Arial RegularX($- - DDUDӀy&8\3|x ""   XXXX ~X X   Ad FILED XX ~  June29,1999CecilCrowson,Jr.AppellateCourtClerkdAh ,cAZ"Arial Regular!"#$&C<< CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3$ !  (3$ !  ($$   1  ((' dxd dP Pd'''''dxd !  TR[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T7XXdd7    FvXX  r )<,(j 8` `@E` 8ttxP,  rߛ@  INTHECOURTOFAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE  @(ATNASHVILLE XXFvԈ  BRUCEA.SIMPSON,   8   ) p    0      8   ) Plaintiff/Appellant,   8   ) <    0      8   )  AppealNo. " r    0      8   )  01A019809CV00493 X  МVS.  0      8   ) >    0      8   )  DavidsonCircuit $    0      8   )  No.96C1496   BICENTENNIALVOLUNTEERS,INC.,  )   @      H!  #    PARTNERSFORENVIRONMENTAL  )   SOLUTIONS,INC.,INNOVATIVE  ) l TECHNIQUES,L.L.C.,   8   ) R   0      8   ) Defendants/Appellees. 8   ) n @ APPEALEDFROMTHECIRCUITCOURTOFDAVIDSONCOUNTY@#ATNASHVILLE,TENNESSEE@ THEHONORABLEBARBARAN.HAYNES,JUDGEMICHAELM.CASTELLARIN95WhiteBridgeRoad,Suite509Nashville,Tennessee37205 AttorneyforPlaintiff/AppellantJANETL.HOGAN620W.HillAvenueKnoxville,Tennessee37902 AttorneyforDefendant/AppelleeBicentennialVolunteers,Inc.JOSEPHP.RUSNAK315DeaderickStreetNashville,Tennessee37238 AttorneyforDefendant/AppelleePartnersfor EnvironmentalSolutions,Inc.@  AFFIRMEDINPART;REVERSEDINPART;@(ANDREMANDED  0      8      @ BENH.CANTRELL,  0      8      @ PRESIDINGJUDGE,M.S.̜CONCUR:KOCH,J.̜COTTRELL,J.̛ |XX@tt(OPINION XX|Ԉ ;*7= Ї  0 Thisisanactionforpaymentofthecostsofrenovatingatruckandtrailertobeusedasamobilesolidwasteexhibit.TheplaintiffsuedthepartiesinvolvedindevelopingtheexhibitonthebasisofcontractandquantummeruitandsoughttoenforcetheliensprovidedbyTenn.CodeAnn.6619101andTenn.CodeϜAnn.6619103.TheCircuitCourtofDavidsonCountygrantedsummaryjudgmenttotheownerofthetruckandtrailerandcertifiedthedismissalasafinaljudgmentunderRule54.02,Tenn.R.Civ.Proc.Becausewefindtherearefactualdisputesaffectingthequantummeruitclaimagainsttheowner,wereverseandremandforaconsiderationofthemeritsonthistheory.@- I.     0 InJuneof1995,BicentennialVolunteers,Inc.(BVI)andPartnersforEnvironmentalSolutions,Inc.(PES)agreedto cooperateinconstructingasecondsolidwastemobileexhibit,andmaintainingandoperatingbothunits.TheagreementprovidedthatBVIwouldfurnishatruckandtrailerandPESwoulddesignandconstructtheexhibit.Aftertheexhibitwascompleted,BVIwouldarrangeformaintenanceandoperationwhilePESwouldscheduletheexhibitandarrangefundingforoperatingandmaintenancecosts.Attheendoftheprojectthetruckand/trailerandallinstalledequipment,exceptexhibitmaterials,wouldreverttoBVI.  0 PEScontractedwithInnovativeTechniques,L.L.C.toconstructtheexhibit.Duetoashortageofspaceandthepressuretocompletetheexhibitinatimelyfashion,InnovativeTechniques,L.L.C.contractedwithBruceSimpsontodoamajorpartoftheworkforacontractpriceof$40,005.Mr.Simpsonperformedtheworkathisownshop,andhehasan$18,245outstandingbalanceonhisbill.@- II.  @506   7h28   0 Mr.SimpsonsuedBVI,PES,andInnovativeTechniques,L.L.C.onthetheoriesofcontractandunjustenrichment,andassertedalienagainstthetruckand/trailer.ThetrialjudgegrantedsummaryjudgmenttoBVI. ̜  0 Tomeritsummaryjudgment,themovingpartyhastheburdenofshowingthatnogenuineissueoffactexistsandthatthemovantisentitledtojudgmentasamatteroflaw.Tenn.R.Civ.Proc.56.03;Byrdv.Hall,847S.W.2d208  (Tenn.1993).Inthiscasethereareveryfewfactsindispute;andthefactsthatareindisputerelatetotherelationshipbetweenBVIandPES.Inordertosustainhiscontracttheory,Mr.SimpsonassertsthatBVIandPESwereengagedinajointventureorthatPESwasBVIsagentwhenPEScontractedfortheworktobedoneonthetruck.IneithercaseBVIarguablywouldbeboundbythetermsofthecontract.SeeWilliamsonLeasingCo.v.Kephart,627S.W.2d683(Tenn.App.1981)and @ IntersparexLeddinKGv.AlHaddad,852S.W.2d245(Tenn.App.1992).Inallof   this,itseemstous,Mr.SimpsonconcedesthatBVIdidnotcontractwithhimdirectly.  0 Themissinglinkonthecontracttheory,however,isanyevidencefromwhichafinderoffactcouldconcludethatPEScontractedwithMr.Simpson.Mr.SimpsonhimselfsaysthathedidtheworkforInnovativeTechniques,L.L.C..TheotheraffidavitsintherecordalldenythatPEShadacontractwithMr.Simpson.Therefore,BVIwasentitledtosummaryjudgmentonthecontracttheory.0  @zz, T$ T$ III . 1-0   0 Theunjustenrichmentissueisnotsosimple.AclaimforunjustenrichmentinTennesseerests,inpart,onthefactthatthepartiesdidnothavean P726  enforceablecontract.Castelliv.Lien,910S.W.2d420(Tenn.App.1995).Theother 0948 elementsare:(1)thefurnishingofgoodsorservices,(2)tothepartytobecharged, (3)undercircumstancesshowingthatthepartiesshouldhavereasonablyunderstoodthattheproviderexpectedtobepaid,and(4)undercircumstancesshowingitwouldbeunjustforthebenefittedpartytoretainthebenefitwithoutpayingforit.CPB P  Management,Inc.v.Everly,939S.W.2d78,81(Tenn.App.1996).Theamountof 0  therecoveryisthevalueofthebenefitconferred,notthecosttothefurnisher.Baumanv.Smith,499S.W.2d935(Tenn.App.1972). @    0 WethinkthatwhetherBVIreceivedabenefitfromMr.Simpsonsserviceisaquestionoffact.ThetruckandtrailerbelongedtoBVI.Mr.SimpsonworkedonϜBVIsproperty.Mr.SimpsonstatesthattherewasabenefittoBVI(althoughhestatesitintermsofhisunpaidcontractprice),andthecontractwithPESprovidesthatattheendoftheprojectalltheinstalledequipmentexcepttheexhibitmaterialswouldreverttoBVI.BVIsproofsaysitreceivednobenefitwhatever.Wethinkthatpresentsaclassicfactualdispute.Therefore,BVIwasnotentitledtosummaryjudgmentontheunjustenrichmentclaim.@oo- IV.  $"   0 Thetwostatutoryliensprovideprotectionforpersonswhoworkonvehicles,buttheconditionsprecedentinthestatutesaredifferent.Tenn.CodeAnn.6619101provides:Ӝ8 80 ! !Thereshallbealienuponanytypeofconveyanceusedinthetransportationofpersonsormerchandiseeitherbylandorbywaterorthroughtheair,propelledbyanysortofpower,foranyrepairsorimprovementsmadeorpartsorfixturesfurnishedattherequestoftheowner,ortheownersagent,infavorofthemechanic,contractor,founder,ormachinistwhomakesonanysuchvehiclementionedanyrepairsorputsthereonanyimprovements,fixtures,machinery,ormaterials;provided,thelienhereincreatedshallnotextendto,norshalltheprovisionsofthissectionand6619102beconstruedasinanywayaffectingtherightandtitleacquiredbyapurchaserwithoutnotice. 0 0  ̜ ;`6: Ї  0 Incontrast,Tenn.CodeAnn.6619103providesalienforϜgaragekeepers:̜8 80 ! !  (a)  Garagekeepersorestablishments p substantiallyinthebusinessoftowingvehiclesforhire,pursuanttotheprovisionsoftitle55,chapter16,hereinafterreferredtoas towingfirmsshallbeentitledtoalienuponallvehicles,whichlawfullycomeintotheirpossessionandareretainedintheirpossessionuntilallreasonablechargesduearepaid.... 0 0  ̛̜  0 ThelieninTenn.CodeAnn.6619101calledthe statutorylienϜremainsonthevehiclewhethertherepairmanretainspossessionornot.GemMotor  Co.v.SecuritiesInv.Co.,65S.W.2d590(Tenn.App.1933).Butitrequiresthatthe  workbedone attherequestoftheowner,ortheownersagent.Wethinkthatmeansthattheownerortheownersagentmustrequesttheworkfromthepersonassertingthelien.  0 Thesocalled commonlawliendescribedinTenn.CodeAnn.6619103,existsonlysolongasthegaragekeeperretainspossession.ForrestCateFord,   Inc.v.Fryar,465S.W.2d882(Tenn.App.1970).Byitstermsitdoesnotrequirethat "  theworkbedoneattherequestoftheownerortheownersagent.  0 BothstatutesposeproblemsforMr.Simpson.Henolongerhaspossessionofthevehicle,andwehavepreviouslyheldthatthereisnoproofthattheworkhedidwasatBVIsrequestorattherequestofBVIsagent.Therefore,neitherlienexistsinfavorofMr.Simpson.  0 ThesummaryjudgmentinfavorofBVIontheunjustenrichmentclaimisreversed.Inallotherrespectsitisaffirmed.RemandthiscausetotheCircuitCourtofDavidsonCountyforfurtherproceedings.TaxthecostsonappealequallytoBVIandMr.Simpson.̜  0      8     ____________________________  0      8     BENH.CANTRELL,  0      8     PRESIDINGJUDGE,M.S. ;`6: МCONCUR:̜_____________________________̜WILLIAMC.KOCH,JR.,JUDGE̜_____________________________PATRICIAJ.COTTRELL,JUDGE  0    WXX' @.INTHECOURTOFAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE  @(ATNASHVILLE X'XWԈ  BRUCEA.SIMPSON,   8   )     0      8   ) Plaintiff/Appellant,   8   )     0      8   )  AppealNo. |    0      8   )  01A019809CV00493 l   МVS.  0      8   ) \    0      8   )  DavidsonCircuit L    0      8   )  No.96C1496 <  BICENTENNIALVOLUNTEERS,INC.,  )   @      H!  #  ,|  PARTNERSFORENVIRONMENTAL  ) l  SOLUTIONS,INC.,and   8   )  AffirmedinPart;  \ МINNOVATIVETECHNIQUES,L.L.C.,  )  ReversedinPart; L   0      8   )  andRemanded <  Defendants/Appellees. 8   ) , WXX' @uu'JUDGMENT    X'XW  0 Thiscausecameontobeheardupontherecordonappealfromthe 8 CircuitCourtofDavidsonCounty,briefsandargumentofcounsel;uponconsiderationwhereof,thisCourtisoftheopinionthatthereiserrorinthecourtsgrantofsummaryjudgmenttotheappelleeontheappellantsclaimforquantummeruitaportionofthejudgmentofthetrialcourt.  0 Itis,therefore,orderedandadjudgedbythisCourtthatthejudgmentofthetrialcourtisaffirmedinpartandreversedinpart.ThecauseisremandedtotheCircuitCourtofDavidsonCountyforfurtherproceedingsandforthecollectionofthecostsaccruedbelow.  0 CostsofthisappealaretaxedequallyagainstBruceA.SimpsonandBicentennialVolunteers,Inc.,forwhichexecutionmayissueifnecessary.  0      8 ______________________________________  0      8 BENH.CANTRELL,PRESIDINGJUDGE,M.S.  0      8 ______________________________________  0      8 WILLIAMC.KOCH,JR.,JUDGE  0      8 ______________________________________  0      8 PATRICIAJ.COTTRELL,JUDGE