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D+/ AQF/]/U>0  21  <1 F1  V1  `1  j1  t1 A~1@ 2o)2  2@ 2o2 (W3  3  3 1e3 73 B- 4 B74T4 0d4#4UN7 %8M8(8NG8 1uI8 728^ 8w8499 m9\  `&Times New Roman' IN THE SUPREME COURT OF TENNESSEE *Clerk and Master*0Clerk and Master .   2S+P 0_level1  , ;1` hp x (#;23  ..  8.` hp x (#8  2P+P 0_level2  X 8.` hp x (#823  ..  8.` hp x (#8  2P+P 0_level3   8.444` hp x (#823  ..  8.` hp x (#8  2M+P 0_level4   5+` ` ` hp x (#523  ..  8.` hp x (#8  2M+P 0_level5   5+ hp x (#523  ..  8.` hp x (#8  2J+P 0_level6   2( hp x (#223  ..  8.` hp x (#8  2J+P 0_level7  4 2( hp x (#223  ..  8.` hp x (#8  2G+P 0_level8  ` /% hp x (#/23  ..  8.` hp x (#8  2G+P 0_level9   /%< <<hp x (#/23  ..  8.` hp x (#8  2SP 0_levsl1  , ;1` hp x (#;23  Ԁ  8.` hp x (#8  2PP 0_levsl2  X 8.` hp x (#823  Ԁ  8.` hp x (#8  2PP 0_levsl3   8.444` hp x (#823  Ԁ  8.` hp x (#8  2MP 0_levsl4   5+` ` ` hp x (#523  Ԁ  8.` hp x (#8  2MP 0_levsl5   5+ hp x (#523  Ԁ  8.` hp x (#8  2JP 0_levsl6   2( hp x (#223  Ԁ  8.` hp x (#8  2JP 0_levsl7  4 2( hp x (#223  Ԁ  8.` hp x (#8  2GP 0_levsl8  ` /% hp x (#/23  Ԁ  8.` hp x (#8  2GP 0_levsl9   /%< <<hp x (#/23  Ԁ  8.` hp x (#8  2SP 0_levnl1  , ;1` hp x (#;23   8.` hp x (#8  2PP 0_levnl2  X 8.` hp x (#823   8.` hp x (#8  2PP 0_levnl3   8.444` hp x (#823   8.` hp x (#8  2MP 0_levnl4   5+` ` ` hp x (#523   8.` hp x (#8  2MP 0_levnl5   5+ hp x (#523   8.` hp x (#8  2JP 0_levnl6   2( hp x (#223   8.` hp x (#8  2JP 0_levnl7  4 2( hp x (#223   8.` hp x (#8  2GP 0_levnl8  ` /% hp x (#/23   8.` hp x (#8  2GP 0_levnl9   /%< <<hp x (#/23   8.` hp x (#8  6: *4Heading 1XXX       XXX6 4Heading 2      6 4Heading 3   <:Default Para.sw ,TitleO#* `"Comic Sans MSO    XXXS\  `&Times New RomanS* `"Comic Sans MS:'' 8Body Text 2     XXX : 8Body Text 3     < :Body Text I2 X     X 0A .Footer (#A7X` hp x (#A:8Page Number6 4Body Text <  :Body Text I1 X X <DD :Body Text In X 8.` hp x (#8  8.` hp x (#88JP 6Block Text   2(4 44` hp x2   8.` hp x (#8   /)..      OX>XXOXX>XXOX>  _56WGCz h  p @X@E (#(#7X>XXX>'$ (#X$  'd  X>XX7X>(2$ M!..      OX90XXOXX90XXOX90  ݃ Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5(2$ M!..      OX90XXOXX90XXOX90  (2$ M!..      OX90XXOXX90XXOX90  ($'dxd01234C<< c S 1"..      OX>XXOXX>XXOX>  _$ (#X$(  -  XX>10-  X>X7X>XXX>\  `&Times New Romana1a3Text5a4a5a6a74&Draw Object <<=8C HKKKKA WPC i K513%)+-51d~ -a8D WPC i K513%)+-51d~ -a_Opinion_Summarya11a12 35;AGMSY_11.a.i.1.a.i.1.a.H i.)Hairline d  d#|x(r$..      OX90XXOXX90XXOX90\\IB01S08\KNOXCLERK4,,,,0(9 Z6Times New Roman RegularOX3#37=CIQYag1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)Ti)vY1 փF1LERKS U M!..      OX>XXOXX>XXOX>  _       -XX."qTXX># qT    "  # #  R# INTHECOURTOFAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE"v݌  Ќ  X>X RX>XXX>     RXX>ATKNOXVILLE( R 2 T((May12,2004Session) d X>XT$TXX>     $O  % 8 %8JAMESA._BLEDSOE_ԀAND_NANNIE_Ԁ_BLEDSOE_Ԁv.RANDALL_BUTTRY_  V ANDGRANGEINSURANCECOMPANYX>XT$O݌  b Ќ  X>XXX>  % 9 %9E% : -  Ԁ-  %:cԀDirectAppealfromthe% ; CircuitCourt%;for% < %<HawkinsCounty  T No.% = %=+% > Ԁ5150JohnK.Wilson,%>IԀCircuitJudge  : -  ?@k[W$~ Kp@0 dd`  KE K K2 -  No.% B %BE200301576_COA_ԄR3CVFILEDOCTOBER25,2004   -  ?Ck[W$~ Kp@0 dd`  KE] K K]2 -   )     )  % E JamesA._Bledsoe_Ԁandwife,_Nannie_,suedRandall_Buttry_ԀandGrangeInsuranceCompany R (uninsuredmotoristcarrier)fordamagessustainedinamotorvehiclecrash.The_Bledsoe_'sclaim 8 thejuryverdictwasinsufficientandthatthetrialcourterredincertainevidentiaryrulings.We n affirm.) ݌ T Ќ  )     )[   )[ ݌̌  %     %   Tenn.R.App.P.3AppealasofRight,JudgmentoftheHawkinsCountyCircuitCourt   Affirmed,CaseRemanded.% ݌  Ќ     %E7   HowellN.Peoples,Sp.J.,deliveredtheopinionofthecourt,inwhich% F %F_ ԀHerschelP.Franks, h P.J.,_E.S._ԀandD.Michael_Swiney_,J.,% G %Gjoined. N PhillipL.Boyd,Boyd&Boyd,Rogersville,Tennessee,fortheAppellantJamesA._Bledsoe_Ԁand j _Nannie_Ԁ_Bledsoe_. P ЀThomasJ._Kilday_,_Milligan_Ԁ&Coleman,Greenville,Tennessee,forAppelleeRandall_Buttry_.          ́X>XXX>      &  9  OPINION9  zԌ J% % Ќ  X>XXX>  'J% 0&!&     OnJune12,1999,Appellee,Randall_Buttry_,wasdrivinghisvehiclesouthonHighway 'f"' 66inRogersville,Tennessee.As_Buttry_Ԁapproachedalineofcarsstoppedforabridge 'L#( constructionproject,hehadaseizureandhisvehiclesideswipedfourofthestoppedvehicles. (2$) Hehadsufferedaseizurethreetofourmonthsearlierandasecondseizureamonthortwo )%* beforetheaccident.Mr._Buttry_Ԁwassupposedtotakeseizuremedicationthreetimesaday,in *%+ themorning,atlunchandintheevening._Buttry_Ԁhadworkedforthreeorfourhoursthatmorning +&, andbecometired.Hedecidedtogohomeandfinishhisworklater;hehadnottakenhis z,'- lunchtimemedicationforseizuresatthetimeoftheaccident. `-(. - - -  _ X  Appellant,JamesA.Bledsoe,wasthedriverofa1991Dodgepickuptruck,thethird  vehicleButtrystruck.Mr.Bledsoefiledsuitforpersonalinjuriesandpropertydamage,andhis | wife,NannieBledsoe,suedforlossofconsortium.Buttrywasanuninsuredmotoristand b GrangeInsuranceCompanywasmadeadefendantforthepurposesoftheuninsuredmotorist H claim.ThecasewastriedbeforeajuryonJanuary15and16,2003.Thetrialjudgegranteda . ~ directedverdictfortheAppellantsontheissueofliabilityatthecloseoftheproof.Thejury  d returnedaverdictawardingJamesBledsoethesumof$3,000fordamagestohistruck,$3,000  J forhispersonalinjuries,andnothingforNannieBledsoeonherclaimforlossofservices.The  0 Bledsoesfiledamotionfornewtrialoradditur,whichthetrialcourtdenied.Thetrialcourtalso    foundthatButtrysmotionseekinganewtrialsolelyontheissueofliabilitywasmoot.The    BledsoeshaveappealedandButtryhascrossappealedforthesolepurposeofseekinganewtrial   ontheissueofliabilityifanewtrialisgranted. x   X   ^    D       &  [  Issues[  zԌ *z  Ќ    ݁'* `   AsAppellants,theBledsoespresentthefollowingissues: F  H (03T""  ,E1` hp x (#XE  ,H+4 4` hp x (#X(#H#2  1  .3   4   Wastheamountoftheverdictwithintherangeofreasonableness?#݌  Ќ $ X44` X(#$   ""  ,E1` hp x (#XE  ,H+4 4` hp x (#X(#H2  2  .3   4   DidthetrialcourterrinallowingdefensecounseltoaskleadingquestionsofDr.  Ragland?݌  Ќ $ X44` X(#$   ""  ,E1` hp x (#XE  ,H+4 4` hp x (#X(#HB!2  3  .3   4   Didthetrialcourtallowdefensecounseltoviolatepriorevidentiaryrulings?B!&"݌ t Ќ $ X44` X(#$   ""  ,E1` hp x (#XE  ,H+4 4` hp x (#X(#HH#2  4  .3   4   DidthetrialcourterrinallowingdefensecounseltoquestionPlaintiffaboutinjuries Z sustainedinasubsequentaccident?H#,$݌ @ Ќ $ X44` X(#$   ""  ,E1` hp x (#XE  ,H+4 4` hp x (#X(#H%2  5  .3   4   DidthetrialcourterrinallowingdefensecounseltoquestionMr.Bledsoeregarding &v thepropertydamagetohisvehicle?%s&݌  \ Ќ $ X44` X(#$   ""  ,E1` hp x (#XE  ,H+4 4` hp x (#X(#H'2  6  .3   4   DidthetrialcourterrinrefusingtosubmitasummaryofMr.Bledsoesmedicalbills B tothejury?'(݌ ( Ќ $ X44` X(#$   ""  ,E1` hp x (#XE  ,H+4 4` hp x (#X(#H*2  7  .3   4   DidthetrialcourterrinadmittingmedicalrecordsfromMountainComprehensive  Corporation?**݌  Ќ $ X44` X(#$     Appelleeoncrossappealraisestheissueofwhetherthetrialcourterredindirectinga p!  verdictforAppellantsontheissueofliability. V"! Ё     &  ,  ,2-  -Ԍ̌         -  StandardofReview--  -Ԍ %X $ Ќ    ݁'"$&- %>!%     Ourreviewofthefindingsoffactinthiscaseislimited.Tenn.R.App.P.13(d)provides &$"& inpertinentpart: Findingsoffactbyajuryincivilactionsshallbesetasideonlyifthereisno ' #' materialevidencetosupporttheverdict.Whendeterminingwhetherthereissubstantial (#( evidencetosupporttheverdict,wemaynotweightheevidenceordecidewherethe )$) preponderancelies.Wemust (1)takethestrongestlegitimateviewofalltheevidenceinfavor l*%* oftheverdict;(2)assumethetruthofallevidencethatsupportstheverdict;(3)allowall R+&+ reasonableinferencestosustaintheverdict;and(4)discardall(countervailing)evidence. 8,', Barnesv.GoodyearTireandRubberCo.,48S.W.3d698,704(Tenn.2000)(citingCrabtree -n(- MasonryCo.v.C&RConstr.,Inc.,575S.W.2d4,5(Tenn.1978);BlackV.Quinn,646S.W.2d  437,43940(Tenn.App.1982)).   X  Ourconsiderationofevidentiaryissuesislimitedtothoseerrorsthataffectasubstantial b rightofaparty.Tenn.R.Evid.103(a);Tenn.R.App.P.36(b). H  XӁ́     &  3  Discussion34  3Ԍ  J Ќ    ' 4  I.      Ӂ       &   4  A.Mr.BledsoesPersonalInjuries 4+5 4Ԍ   Ќ    Ӂ'5* X    *5  Appellantscontendthattheverdictwasnotintherangeofreasonableness.Mr.Bledsoe ^  isa48yearoldresidentofPartridge,Kentucky.Hehasdrivenaloggingtruckforthelastten D  years.Heissixfeettallandweighs400pounds.HeandNannieBledsoehavebeenmarriedfor *z  28years.Atthetimeoftheaccident,hewaswearinghisseatbeltwithshoulderharness.After ` theaccident,hegotoutofhisvehicleandlookedattheothervehicles.Ofthefourvehiclesthat F weresideswiped,Mr.Bledsoewastheonlyoccupantwhoreportedbeinghurt.*56݌ , Ќ X  * X  * 9  * 949݌  Ќ X  * X  *9  Followingtheaccident,Mr.Bledsoewasexaminedandreleasedatthelocalhospital  emergencyroom.Hetestifiedthathehadpaininhisneckattheemergencyroom.Emergency  roomrecordsdonotreflectthathereportedproblemswithhisneck,butdoreflectthattwo t physicianspalpatedhisneckatseparateintervalswithnotendernessandnocomplaintofpain. Z Atthetrial,Mr.Bledsoetestifiedthathisheadstruckandcrackedtherearwindowofhistruck. @ Thiscontradictedhisdepositiontestimonythatthewindowwasnotcracked.Afterhisrelease &v fromtheemergencyroom,herodehometoKentucky.TheaccidentoccurredonSaturday.Mr.  \ BledsoespentSundayathomeandsoughtnomedicaltreatment.*99݌ B Ќ X  * X  *=  *==݌ ( Ќ X  * X  *>  OnMonday,hereturnedtohisregularworkactivitiesdrivingaloggingtrucktwelve  hoursadayandhascontinuedtodosoexceptforabriefperiodfollowingasubsequentvehicle  accident.Twoandonehalfweeksaftertheaccident,hesawadoctorsolelytoobtainarefillof   hishypertensionmedication.Inthethreeandonehalfyearsaftertheaccident,Mr.Bledsoe p!  continuedtodrivehistenwheelloggingtruck60hoursperweekdrivingoversomeunpaved V"! roadsthatshookthetruckprettygood.Headmittedthathesometimesdrovedifficultroutesthat <#" requiredhardersteeringandgearchangingtoavoidscalesthatmeasuretheloadsonthetruck. "$r# Sincetheaccident,inadditiontodrivingtheloggingtruck,Mr.Bledsoehasusedabulldozer, %X $ dumptruckandbackhoeonatleasttwojobs.Inthespringof2000,Mr.Bledsoeboughta %>!% pontoonboat,whichheusesforpleasureridingandfishing.Hehascontinuedtoridehis4 &$"& wheelerinthemountains.Hisincomehasincreasedeachyearsincetheaccident.*>8>݌ ' #' Ќ X  X   (#(  X    OnJanuary11,2000,sevenmonthsafterthecrashwithButtry,Mr.Bledsoewasin )$) anotheraccident.Hisvehiclewasstruckheadonbyanothertruck.Hemissedtwoweeksof l*%* workafterthisaccidentandsawaneurosurgeon.Hewasplacedonlightdutyforseveral R+&+ months.Becauseofthisaccident,hemadeaworkerscompensationclaiminKentuckyand 8,', filedacivillawsuitallegingthathesustainedseriousinjurytohisneckandleftshoulder.Both -n(- claimsarestillpending.Inthepresentsuit,Mr.Bledsoealsoclaimsthathesufferedinjurytohis  neckandleftshoulder.Mr.Bledsoealsohaspendingalawsuitagainstadietpillmanufacturer  inwhichheclaimsinjuries.Mr.Bledsoetestifiedthatthemedicaltreatmentandexpenses | incurredsinceJanuary11,2000hadtodowithbothofhisaccidents. b       Mr.BledsoecontendstheproofthathisinjuryresultedfromthecrashwithButtryis . ~ uncontradicted.HereliesonthetestimonyofDr.GregWheelerthatanMRIperformedon  d January10,2000,onedaybeforetheaccidentinKentucky,shows  J   Ӂ+ XB.` hp x (#XB    +I  somediscbulgingaroundthecervicalspine,C23,34,45.Hehasabroad    baseddischerniationatC56withborderlinecentralstenosisandparticularly    rightsidedstenosisintheareaoftheforamenwherethenervescomeoutof   thespine.HealsohadadiffusediscbulgeatC67andbothneuroforamens x  werestenoticmeaningnarrowerthanusual.+II݌ ^  Ќ X$ XX(#$  X   B.` hp x (#XBӁ* X  X X  */L  Dr.Wheelerassessedapermanentimpairmentoffivetoeightpercenttothewholebody.Dr. *z  WheeleralsotestifiedthatMr.Bledsoesmedicalexpensestotaling$3,692.05werereasonable ` andnecessaryasaresultoftheaccidentofJune12,1999.*/LL݌ F Ќ   * X  X  *N  *NJN݌̌       Dr.WheelerdidnotseeMr.BledsoeagainuntilAugust31,2001.Hetestifiedthatthe  symptomsthatMr.BledsoereportedthenwereinconsistentwiththeMRIfindings. Hemainly  hadsymptomsinhisleftupperextremitywhereastheMRIshowedmoreproblemsontheright.  OnNovember9,2001,thedateofthesecondandlastvisittoDr.Wheeler,Mr.Bledsoehadno t objectivefindingsandnospinalinstability.ThepurposeofthesecondvisitwastohaveDr. Z WheelerfilloutaformforMr.Bledsoesattorney.Dr.WheeleropinedthatbecauseofhisMRI @ findingsandpersistentpain,Mr.Bledsoeshouldavoidlifting,raisinghisarmsabovehishead, &v and particularlyifhehastotakesomemedicine,heshouldavoidworkingwithheavy  \ machinery,shouldavoiddriving.Dr.Wheelerwascrossexaminedatlengthaboutwhat B specificinformationhewasprovidedconcerningMr.Bledsoescomplaintsandphysical ( conditionbeforethedateoftheaccidentandabouthiscomplaints,extensiveworkactivities,and  medicalhistoryfollowingtheaccidentwithButtry.Dr.Wheelerhad noideaconcerningthat  history.Headmittedthathecouldnotsaywhentheherniateddiscoccurredandhadnoidea   whatMr.BledsoescervicalspinelookedlikebeforetheaccidentofJune12,1999. p!    Dr.JoelRagland,neurologicalsurgeon,testifiedbydepositionfortheDefendant.He <#" examinedMr.BledsoeonJuly29,2002andreviewedhisxraysandactualMRIs,andother "$r# medicalrecords.HefoundnoevidenceofanyneurologicinjurytoMr.Bledsoe.Hetestified %X $ thatMr.Bledsoereportedthathefeltlikehisnecksymptomshadbeenworsenedbythesecond %>!% accidentonJanuary11.2000.Dr.Raglandassessedasixpercentmedicalimpairmentbasedon &$"& softtissueinjuriessustainedinthe1999injury. ' #'       CounselforMr.Bledsoecitesthepermanentimpairmentsofsixandeightpercent )$) assessedbyhisphysiciansandassertsthattheawardof$3,000forpersonalinjuries(a)didnot l*%* fairlycompensateforhismedicalbills,(b)awardednothingforpainandsuffering,(c)awarded R+&+ nothingforlossofabilitytowork,and(d)awardednothingforhispermanentimpairment. 8,', Juriesarenotboundtoacceptexpertmedicalopinion.Poolev.KrogerCo.,604S.W.2d52,55 -n(- (Tenn.1980).Thisisespeciallytruewhenthephysicianhasaninadequateorincomplete  knowledgeofthepatientshistory.        Basedonthisrecord,thejurycouldwellhavedeterminedthatMr.Bledsoescomplaints b tothedoctorwereinconsistentwithhisactualworkandleisureactivitiesfollowingtheaccident, H thathemagnifiedhissymptoms,orthatButtryshouldnotbeliableformedicalexpensesand . ~ impairmentresultingfromthesubsequentaccidentinKentucky.Wefindmaterialevidencein  d therecordtosustaintheverdictofthejury.  J   Ӂ́       &   \  B.BledsoesPropertyDamages \\ .\Ԍ    Ќ    Ӂ' \    Mr.Bledsoecomplainsthat$3,000forpropertydamagesisinadequateasamatterof x  law.Hetestifiedthathistruckwas totaledintheaccidentandthatitsvaluediminishedfrom ^  $15,000to$4,000.Hehadpurchasedthe1991DodgePickupusedin1993for$16,500.He D  haddrivenitforthreeyearspriortotheaccident.HebroughtthetruckbacktoKentuckyonthe *z  dayoftheaccidentand,withhelp,maderepairshimselftoadamagedspring,madea ` replacementmuffler,andreplacedthebed.Photographsofthetrucktakenaftertheaccident F wereshowntothejury.Mr.Bledsoebelievedthathemayhavespent$3,500to$4,000in , repairs.Heprovidednodocumentationofexpensesormaterialsinvolvedinrepairingthetruck.  Hedrovethetruckforthreeyearsaftertheaccidentuntilthefallof2003whenhetradedittoa  cousinwhodroveittoTexas.ThisadmissionbyMr.Bledsoecontradictshistestimonythatthe  truckwasatotalloss.Ifthetruckwascapableofbeingrepaired,themeasureofdamagesisthe t costofrepairpluslossofuseratherthanthediminutioninvalueoftheproperty.Tire Z Shredders,Inc.v.ERMNorthCentral,15S.W.3d849,855(Tenn.App.1999).Thestandardof @ reviewindeterminingwhetheranewtrialshouldberequiredbecauseofinadequacyofajury &v verdictiswhethertheamountawardedfallsbelowtherangeofreasonableness.Weconclude  \ thattheverdictof$3,000forpropertydamageiswithintherangeofreasonablenessandis B supportedbyevidence. (   Ӂ       &   e  C.Mrs.BledsoesLossofConsortium e`e nt0eԌ  Ќ    Ӂ'Te    Mrs.Bledsoecomplainsthatthejuryawardednodamagesforherderivativeclaimfor p!  lossofcompanionshipandconsortium.BasedonMr.Bledsoesadmittedworking60hourseach V"! week,hiscontinuingtoengageinphysicallydemandingrecreationalpursuits,hisrepairofhis <#" vehicle,andotheractivitiessincetheaccident,thejurycouldreasonablyconcludethatMrs. "$r# Bledsoehadnolossofcompanionshiporservices. %X $   Ӂ́  II. ' #'   Ӂ    Appellantscomplainthatthetrialcourtalloweddefensecounseltoaskleadingquestions )$) ofDr.JoelRagland,awitnesscalledbythedefense.Appellantsbriefspecificallycitesthe l*%* followingquestions: R+&+    Ӂ 8,', / /""  ,K1` hp x (#X(#K  ,   B%` 4` hp xX(#Bi2  1  .3   `   Doctor,givensomeoneofMr.Bledsoesage,andsize,anddegenerative   changestohisneckandspine,isitextraordinaryorunusualtohave  achesandpainstotheneck,regardlessofwhetheryouhaveaninjuryor | not?ij݌ b Ќ 'X(#` 4` X'   ""  ,K1` hp x (#X(#K  ,B%` 4` hp xX(#Bl2  2  .3   `   Doctor,didMr.Bledsoereporttoyouaboutwhenhecametoyou H aboutothermedicalproblemsthathehadthatwerenotcontrolled?lm݌ . ~ Ќ 'X(#` 4` X'   ""  ,K1` hp x (#X(#K  ,B%` 4` hp xX(#BFo2  3  .3   `   Doctor,withrespecttoMr.Bledsoescomplaintthathedsustaineda  d neckinjuryorwhiplashinthisJune,1999accident...Fo*p݌  J Ќ 'X(#` 4` X'   ""  ,K1` hp x (#X(#K  ,B%` 4` hp xX(#Bq2  4  .3   `   Andwouldyoutelluswhetherornotthattheconditionthathe  0 describedtoyouiscommonlyreferredtoasawhiplash?qzr݌    Ќ 'X(#` 4` X'   ""  ,K1` hp x (#X(#K  ,B%` 4` hp xX(#Bs2  5  .3   `   Allright,sir.Doctor,Mr.Boydaskedyouaboutpermanentimpairment,    andwhetherornotaratingwouldbecalledforundertheAmerican   MedicalAssociationGuidesforPermanentImpairment.Someonewith x  Mr.Bledsoespreexistingdegenerativespinalchanges,thatis,changes ^  thatexistedbeforeJuneof1999,iftheyexhibitedthosechanges,andif D  theycomplainedofpaintotheneck,eveniftheydidnothavean *z  accidentoranyinjury,wouldyoutelluswhetherornottheywould ` qualifyforapermanentimpairmentratingunderthoseguidelines?st݌ F Ќ 'X(#` 4` X'   ""  ,K1` hp x (#X(#K  ,B%` 4` hp xX(#BNx2  6  .3   `   Allright.Doctor,Mr.Boydaskedyoutohypothesizeaboutwhetheror , notMr.Bledsoespaintohisheadmayhavebeensobadthatitoverrode  thepaintotheneckontheoccasionoftheaccident,andinlightofthat,  was!regardlessofhiscondition,whatdotherecordsreflect,andMr.  Bledsoeshistory,whatwasittoyou,withrespecttowhetherornothe t wasallowedtobereleasedfromthehospitalafterhewasexamined Z followingthisaccident?Nx2y݌ @ Ќ 'X(#` 4` X'   ""  ,K1` hp x (#X(#K  ,B%` 4` hp xX(#BQ|2  7  .3   `   Allright.WhatdidMr.Bledsoetellyou,andwhatdidthehospital &v recordsreflect,withrespecttowhetherornothewaspermittedtobe  \ releasedfromthehospitalemergencyroomwithoutbeingadmitted B followingthisaccident?Q|5}݌ ( Ќ 'X(#` 4` X'   ""  ,K1` hp x (#X(#K  ,B%` 4` hp xX(#B,2  8  .3   `   Didhetellyouwhetherornot,followinghisdischargefromthehospital  withadmission,thathegotinthevehicleandrodebacktoKentucky?,݌  Ќ 'X(#` 4` X'   ""  ,K1` hp x (#X(#K  ,B%` 4` hp xX(#B2  9  .3   `   DidhetellyouwhetherornotafterhegotbacktoKentuckyfollowing   theSaturdayaccident,hewentbacktoworkdoinghisregularduties p!  drivingalogtruckonMondaymorning?n݌ V"! Ќ 'X(#` 4` X'   " "  ,K1` hp x (#X(#K  ,B%` 4` hp xX(#B2  10  .3   `   Didhetellyouwhetherornothewashavinganyheadpainthat <#" overrodeanyneckinjurytotheextentthatpreventedhimfromgetting "$r# inavehicleandridingbacktoKentuckyontheafternoonofthis %X $ accident?݌ %>!% Ќ 'X(#` 4` X'       Ӏ  Leadingquestionsmaybeusedondirectexaminationonlyasnecessarytodevelop ' #' testimony.Leadingquestionsareproperlyallowedwhenawitnessisdeterminedtobehostileor (#( whenthewitnessisanadverseparty,oroncrossexamination.Tenn.R.Evid.611.Aleading )$) questionisonethatsuggeststheanswer.WedonotperceivethequestionscitedbyAppellants l*%* tosuggesttheresponsetobegivenbythewitness.Wenotethatthepropriety,scope,andmanner R+&+  ofexaminationofwitnessesiscontrolledbythetrialcourtandwillnotbedisturbedinthe 8,', absenceofplainerrororabuseofdiscretion.Woodsv.HermanWalldorf&Co.,26S.W.3d868,  877(Tenn.App.1999).Wefindnoerror.     Ӂ̀   `     h   III. b Ё    AppellantscomplainthatcounselforAppelleeofferedevidencethathadbeenruled . ~ inadmissibleorsoughttoadmitirrelevantandinadmissibleevidence.Appellantshadfileda  d motioninlimineseekingtolimitreferencetotheKentuckyaccidentinvolvingMr.Bledsoe.The  J trialcourt,byorder,specificallyallowedevidenceofthataccident,butdirectedthattheparties  0 andcounselnotintroduceevidenceofalawsuitregardingtheaccidentwithoutfirstreceiving    permissionfromthecourt.Attrial,counselforthedefenseaskedMr.Bledsoewhetherhewas    injuredinthataccident.Mr.Bledsoeanswered: No,sir.Counselthenasked: Iknowthat   KentuckyhasalongerstatuteoflimitationsthanTennesseedoes.Areyouplanningtomakea x  claimforpersonalinjury?Mr.Bledsoeanswered: No,sir.CounselforAppellantsmade ^  noobjectionormotiontostrikeandrequestednocurativeinstructionfromthecourtatthattime. D  Lackofatimelyobjectionormotiontostrikeconstitutesawaiverandbarsachallengeon *z  appeal.Tenn.R.Evid.103;Davidsonv.Holtzman,47S.W.3d445,456(Tenn.App.2000). `   AppellantsalsocomplainthatcounselforAppelleeaskedMr.Bledsoeifhehadfileda , workerscompensationclaimforthesecondaccident.Appelleeresponds,andweagree,thatthe  evidenceisrelevanttoAppelleescontentionthatMr.BledsoewasnotinjuredintheJune1999  accidentandthatanyneckandshoulderproblemswerecausedbydegenerativechangesorby  thesubsequentKentuckyaccident. t       Mr.BledsoecontendsitwaserrortopermitAppelleetocrossexaminehimabouthis @ participationasapartyplaintiffinaclassactionlawsuitagainstdietpillmanufacturers. &v AppelleepointsoutthatcounselforAppellants,ondirectexamination,elicitedMr.Bledsoes  \ testimonythatheweighed400pounds,triedeveryfadtotrytocontrolhisweight,andbecame B involvedinalawsuitinvolvingpeoplewhousedPhenfendietpills.Havingspilledthewater, ( Mr.Bledsoecannotnowcomplainaboutgettingwet.    Next,Mr.BledsoestatesthatcounselforAppelleeaskedquestionsabouthis   hypertensionandarthriticcondition,aboutbloodpressureproblemsanddiabetes,chronic p!  obesityandhighcholesterolthatthetrialcourtpermittedsaying, He(Appellee)needsto V"! connectitupinsomeway....Appellantscomplainthattherecordisdevoidofanyconnection, <#" andthatthetrialcourtfailedtogiveacurativeinstruction.Therecordisalsodevoidofany "$r# requestbyAppellantsforsuchacurativeinstruction.Apartywhofailstotakereasonablesteps %X $ tocureanerrorinthetrialcourtisnotentitledtoreliefonappeal.Tenn.R.App.P.36(a); %>!% Grandstaffv.Hawks,36S.W.3d482,488(Tenn.App.2000) &$"&       AppellantscontendthatRule403oftheTennesseeRulesofEvidencewasviolatedwhen (#( thetrialcourtfailedtoinstructthejurytodisregardquestionsaboutMr.Bledsoesfailureto )$) reportincomeonhistaxreturn.Again,therecorddoesnotreflectthatarequestforacurative l*%* instructionwasmade. R+&+     8,',     Finally,Appellantscomplainthatinadmissibleevidencewasofferedwhenthe   investigatingofficerwasasked(1)whetherhefoundevidenceofexcessivespeedonthepartof  Mr.Buttry,and(2)ifheplacedchargesorissuedticketstoanyone.Thetrialcourt,infact, | sustainedobjectionstothequestionsandagainnocurativeinstructionswererequested. b   Ӂ́   `     h   IV.  d Ё    Mr.Bledsoeasserts: TheCourterredinallowingtheAppelleetoimpeachAppellant  0 regardingasecondaccidentwhichhappenedonJanuary11,2000.Hecomplainsthatthetrial    courtallowedirrelevantevidenceaboutthesecondaccidentandAppellantsresultingcounter    claimwhichhadneverbeenresolved.AppelleerespondsthatAppellants,inthepresentsuit,   contendthattheaccidentwithMr.ButtryresultedinMr.Bledsoesneckandshoulderinjury,all x  medicalexpensesthathehasincurred,andallhisvariousaches,painsandlimitations.Appellee ^  arguesthatheisentitledtoshowthatMr.BledsoewasnotinjuredintheaccidentwithMr. D  Buttry,butthathisaches,pains,andmedicalexpenseswerecausedbyunrelatedconditionsthat *z  eitherpredatedorarosesubsequenttotheButtryaccident.AppelleepointsoutthatMr. ` Bledsoe,whenaskedaboutthesecondaccidentinKentucky,testified: Iwasinalotofpain.I F thoughtIwasntgoingtosurvive.WhileMr.Bledsoemissednoworkaftertheaccidentwith , Buttry,hemissedtwoweeksaftertheKentuckyaccidentandwasonlightdutyforseveral  months.HeadmittedthattheinjuriessustainedintheKentuckyaccidentarethesameasthe  injuriesheclaimswerecausedbyMr.Buttry.Theevidencewasclearlyrelevantontheissueof  whetherthelossesanddamagesweresolelyorentirelycausedbytheaccidentofJune1999. t   Ӂ́  V. &v   Ӂ    Mr.Bledsoenextarguesthat (t)hecourterredinpermittingthecounselfortheappellee B toquestiontheappellantregardingthepropertydamagetotheappellantsvehicle.Ondirect ( examination,Mr.Bledsoewasaskedandheansweredasfollows:    Ӂ,  B(4 44` hp xX(#B  ,W  QAllright,sir.Anddidyou!Aftertheaccidentdonetoit,wasit,WХ݌   Ќ  -X(#444` Xx-  ,  B(4 44` hp xX(#B  ,  ݀drivable,wasitusable?,6݌ p!  Ќ  -X(#444` Xx-  X , E+ ` hp xX(#EANotuntilithadsomeworkdoneonit. V"!  , K.` hp x (#XxKӁ  Mr.Bledsoethentestifiedthatthefairmarketvalueofthe1991DodgeRamtruckbefore "$r# theaccidentwas$15,000and$4,000aftertheaccidentbeforeanyrepairs.Hiscounselobjected %X $ tocrossexaminationaboutthecostofrepairstothevehicle.Thetrialcourtoverruledthe %>!% objection.Mr.Bledsoetestifiedthathedidnotknowtheexactamountspentonrepairs.He &$"& admittedthathedrovethetruckforthreeandonehalfyearsaftertheaccidentandsoldittohis ' #' cousinwhodroveittoTexas.Henowassertsthattherepairshadnothingtodowiththevalueof (#( thetruckaftertheaccident.Whetherthetruckwascapableofbeingrepairedsoasto )$) substantiallyrestoreittoitsfairmarketvaluebeforetheaccidentwasaquestionoffacttobe l*%* determinedbythejury.Yazoo&M.V.R.Co.v.Williams,182Tenn.241,185S.W.2d527,529 R+&+ 30(1945).Thejurywasprovidedphotographsofthetruckimmediatelyaftertheaccidentand 8,', photographsafterrepairshadbeenmade.Mr.Bledsoetestifiedthatherepairedthetruckand -n(- continuedtouseitaftertheaccident.Noonetestifiedthattherepairsdidnotrestorethetruckto  itsfunction,appearanceandvalueprecedingtheaccident.SEET.P.I.3"Civil14.40.Wefind  noerrorinpermittingevidenceabouttherepairsmadeandthecostoftherepairs. |  X  Ӂ́  VI. . ~   Ӂ    Appellantsnextclaimthetrialcourt erredinnotpermittingasummaryofthemedical  J billstobeadmittedasanexhibittobepassedtothejury.Duringthetrial,counselfor  0 Appellantoffered,andthetrialcourtadmittedasanexhibit,themedicalrecordsofDr.Greg    Wheeler.Therecordsincludedbothasummaryofmedicalbillsandthebillsthemselves.After    retiringtodeliberate,thejuryrequestedtheexhibits.CounselfortheAppellantsrequestedthat   onlythesummaryofthemedicalbillsbeprovidedtothejurybecausetherecordsshowed x  insurancepayments.Afterhearingargumentthatthedatesofserviceandthetypeandnatureof ^  theserviceswereissuesindispute,thetrialcourtdirectedthatthejurybeprovidedacopyofthe D  medicalrecordswithanyreferencestoinsurancedeletedorredacted.Havingoriginallyoffered *z  therecords,Appellantscannotnowobjecttotheirconsiderationbythejury.Wenotealsothat ` thechargegiventhejurydirectedthatthe matterofinsuranceorlackthereofshouldnotbe F consideredbyyou.Pleasebaseyourdecisiononthefactsandevidence.Further,wefindno , errorinprovidingacopyoftherecordswithreferencesto insuranceredacted.    Ӂ  VII. t   Ӂ    Finally,Appellantscomplainthatthetrialcourt erredinadmittingmedicalrecordsfrom @ MountainComprehensiveCorporationintoevidenceinthiscase.Inhisbrief,counselfor &v Appellantstatesthatthebasisforhisobjectiontotherecordsisthattheindividualofferedasa  \ witnesstoidentifythedocumentwasnotproperlyqualifiedbecause shehadonlybeenan B employeeofthehospitalforthirtydays...andnearlyalloftherecordshadbeengeneratedprior ( tohereverbecominganemployee.Heassertsthattherecordsdidnotqualifyforintroduction  underRule803(6)oftheTennesseeRulesofEvidencebecausetheywereimproperlyadmitted  byacustodianwhoisnotqualified,andbecausetheywerecertifiedaccordingtoKentucky   statutesinsteadofTenn.CodeAnn.249101(8)and6811401etseq.Thetrialtranscript p!  reflectsthatwhenthemedicalrecordswereoffered,counselforAppellantsdidnotobjectthat V"! thewitnesswasnotthecustodianorthattherecordswerenotproperlycertified.Hesaid, <#"  Again,IobjectyourHonor.Itsimmaterialtothiscase.Apartyisboundbytheevidentiary "$r# theorysetforthattrialandcannotchangetheoriesonappeal.Statev.Alder,71S.W.3d299,303 %X $ (Tenn.Crim.App.2001).Afteropposingcounselhadfinishedofferingportionsoftherecords, %>!% counselforAppellantsthensaid, Judge,Imayhaveacoupletoreadhere,ifyougivemejust &$"& onesecond.Hethenproceededtoreadtothejurytherecordsfromfourseparatevisits ' #' recordsthathenowmaintainswereimproperlyadmittedbecausetheidentifyingwitnesswasnot (#( qualifiedandtheywerenotproperlycertified.Anyobjectiontotherecordswaswaivedby )$) counselsuseofthesamerecords.Theassignmentoferrorhasnomerit. l*%*  -n(- Ї  VIII.    Ӂ    TheAppelleeassertsthatifthiscourtshouldgrantAppellantsanewtrial,theAppellee | shouldalsobegrantedanewtrialontheissueofliabilitybecausethetrialcourtsgrantofa b directedverdictinfavorofAppellantsontheissueofliabilitywaserror.Ourdispositionofthe H appealrendersthisrequestmoot. . ~   Ӂ́     &    Conclusion  Ԍ  0 Ќ    '   ThejudgmentoftheTrialCourtisaffirmed,andthiscauseisremandedtotheTrialCourtfor    collectionofthecostsbelow.ThecostsonappealareassessedagainsttheAppellants,JamesA.   BledsoeandNannieBledsoe,andtheirsurety. x    Ӂ́́́   `     h   _________________________________ F    `     h   HowellN.Peoples,SpecialJudge ,