WPCQ K{8P|IЊARn:ų;%ǫ!J!wҝg=*[4N#fqP~D#Zm:L{7vrH\r$!d>8|]uuN{~PURRTJJ>lOɧ,jg>ĩ?E !Ae?|Yɉ@;o"tFk}4FN:nO|}6v!L~%<&|?1dT}#Ml[cAB7+o'Dq]rݦ)"CƟYIL DgɵuY0$zg89H5OP\Rʷ .f:ЌdMu/qCjDݲ(>̝<[h8cpc\Г{`ð^Wo`K1)A ۸I=yueB׿/%{qʨRifBc%,xEıh#^ q %} 0 w 4 UN# zq    m   OMN( 0 D* 0UnE 0 0 0 0e 0? 0 0 0 0C 0 0 0k 06 0 0 0 0D 0@ 0> 0 ! 0! 0" 0d#b&$ 0.$ 0$ 0%q`&`&`&*++,q. 0/ 00 0i1 0>'2 0e2 0]3 0?4 0!5 06 06 07 08 02S9 09 0:: 0Y: 0_; 0 s; 0}< 0= B*@ D//@ 0^@ D/dB 0 B 0~C 06LD 0D BE 0:E 0E D3F D-F 0KF 0^0G ASGG 0H 0DKI AI 0<:JU6vJU>JU*J K MHP LaserJet 4050 Series PCL 6,,,,0 +s (`$.8dd8    8n_+ Ct("  Z6Times New Roman Regular C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt3|xU o]rderj]udgment nunc tuncc]court EnforceabilityNatlPirtle COAMcWilliamsTurcottaffiantDeptServs InterinsuranceVelji Rptri]nvestedWestphalMcMinnGoekeMuchmoreCihlarTourteLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5 C R$      5  s  _SeegenerallyAnnF.Withington,TowardaMorePerfectUnion11(1991)(discussingmeasurestakenbythe  FirstContinentalCongresstoprohibitgamblingactivities).(#$  0  *+ (_2623  ..*D+J (_25   ," <DL,23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  *A+J (_24   ) <DL)23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  *>+J (_23  ` &<<DL&23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  *;+J (_22   #DL#23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  *8+J (_21    DL 23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  *5+J (_20  h DDL23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  *2+J (_19   L23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  */+J (_18    L23  ..  2( 4 <DL2  * (_1723  Ԁ*DJ (_16   ," <DL,23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  *AJ (_15   ) <DL)23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  *>J (_14  ` &<<DL&23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  *;J (_13   #DL#23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  *8J (_12    DL 23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  *5J (_11  h DDL23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  *2J (_10   L23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  (/J &_9    L23  Ԁ  2( 4 <DL2  ( &_823  (DJ &_7   ," <DL,23   2( 4 <DL2  (AJ &_6   ) <DL)23   2( 4 <DL2  (>J &_5  ` &<<DL&23   2( 4 <DL2  (;J &_4   #DL#23   2( 4 <DL2  (8J &_3    DL 23   2( 4 <DL2  - -(5J &_2  h DDL23   2( 4 <DL2  (2J &_1   L23   2( 4 <DL2  &/J $_    L23   2( 4 <DL2   g R$      7  s  _Notwithstandingthetrialcourtsdecisiontopermitthecasinostofileproperlynotarizedaffidavitsasrequired  byTenn.CodeAnn.266105(a),theappellaterecorddoesnotcontaintheseaffidavitsoranyotherindicationthatthey t havebeenfiled.Thecasinoshavelikewisenotrequestedpermissiontosupplementtheappellaterecordwithcopiesof 8 theseaffidavits.Accordingly,becausewedonotknowwhethertheseaffidavitshavebeenfiled,weareproceedingon L theassumptionthattheyhavebeenfiled.Iftheyhavenotbeenfiled,thetrialcourtshouldgivethecasinosareasonable  timetofiletheaffidavitstoreplacethenonnotarizeddocumentsfiledonDecember17,1996.Ifthecasinosstillfail  tocomplywithTenn.CodeAnn.266105(a),thetrialcourtisfreetodismisstheapplicationstodomesticatethese H  judgments. R$      1  s  _Thejudgmentincluded$5,558.72indamagesand$172.18incostsforatotalof$5,730.90. R$      2  s  _Thejudgmentincluded$5,587.32indamagesand$172.75incostsforatotalof$5,760.07.  R$      3  s  _TherequiredaffidavitsofthecasinosTennesseelawyerinsupportofenforcingtheseforeignjudgmentswere,  forsomereason,notnotarized.Thetrialcourtapparentlydidnotdeemthisoversightmaterialbecauseitgrantedthe t casinoslawyerpermissiontofileproperlynotarizedaffidavits. ~ R$      4  s  _Mr.Pattersonarguedthat [a]Tennesseecourtisnotobligatedtogivefullfaithandcreditwheretheparty  seekingenforcementhasfiledastringofsocalledandinconsistent_judgments._0AA.Normal  5+ ` hp x 55+ ` hp x 5  <AA:Definition T  5+ ` hp x 55+ ` hp x 5  <AA:Definition L , 5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 586Definition(hh&H1  5+ ` hp x 5      5+ ` hp x 5  (]]&H2  5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 5  (]]&H3  5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 5  (]]&H4  5+ ` hp x 5 XXX 5+ ` hp x 5  (]]&H5  5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 5  (]]&H6  5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 5  2DD0Address  5+ ` hp x 55+ ` hp x 5  8MM6Blockquote , , 5+ ` hp x 5   5+ ` hp x 5,*CITE,dl*CODEKc<6X9`(Courier NewKSd\  `&Times New RomanS42Emphasis64Hyperlink    <:FollowedHype    4go2Keyboard Kc<6X9`(Courier NewKSd\  `&Times New RomanS <:Preformatted  /%  ,Kk %#/Kc<6X9`(Courier NewKSd\  `&Times New RomanS/%  ,Kk %#/  <:zBottom of 7O(X7    5+ ` hp x 5?e%2A`Arial?  Sd\  `&Times New RomanS7Z(X75+ ` hp x 5  &  d dN)1dxd<:zTop of For7Q(X7    5+ ` hp x 5?e%2A`Arial?  Sd\  `&Times New RomanS7Z(X75+ ` hp x 5  N)2dxd(|G2$ !.8dd8         0  s0KS.SampleKc<6X9`(Courier NewKSd\  `&Times New RomanS0.Strong 8dl6TypewriterKc<6X9`(Courier NewKSd\  `&Times New RomanS d42Variable(|3W$ !.8dd8     VVVV'dxd)!dxdx( $ Figure  1  : 8HTML MarkupB      ^_X`YE<<CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3W$ !.8dd8     ($$   1  X[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8C HKKKK2 0CommentB  <6X9`(Courier New\  `&Times New Roman%2A`Arial  R$      6  s  _In_Advanta_ԀBus._Servs_.Corp.v.McPherson,No.W199902682COAR9CV,2000WL371194(Tenn.Ct.  App.April11,2000)(NoTenn.R.App.P.11applicationfiled),wefoundthatajudgmentoftheSuperiorCourtofNew t JerseywasentitledtoberegisteredandenforcedinTennessee.  R$      8  s  _Likewise,weseelittlemeritinMr.Pattersonsprotestationsthatthesejudgmentsaresuspectbecausetheyare   inconsistent.Infact,theyarecompletelyconsistent.Bothjudgmentsincludedamagesandcosts.Theonlydifference t betweenthe exemplifiedcopyofjudgementandthelaternuncprotuncorderisthattheformeractuallycalculatesthe 8 costsadjudgedagainstMr.Patterson,whilethelattersimplyawardsajudgmentforthe costsofsuit.Wereitnecessary L toreconcileinconsistentjudgments,wewouldhaveappliedthelastintimeruleemployedbyothercourtstogiveeffect  tothelastjudgment.Valley_Natl_ԀBankv.A.G.Rouse&Co.,121F.3d1332,1335(9thCir.1997). !.8dd8     _H  8qXXdd8  @ INTHECOURTOFAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE  @kk$ATNASHVILLE##Ԉ &   August24,1999Session L XqX #XXq#BOARDWALKREGENCYCORPORATIONv.ROYB.PATTERSONXqX  J #XXqy#andXqX  J #XXq# TRUMPTAJMAHALASSOCIATESv.ROYB.PATTERSON   H XqX@@ AppealsfromtheChanceryCourtforPutnamCounty H  @@Nos.96478&96479VernonNeal,Chancellor 4  @@*AV) ` dE<` A   @@TTNo.M199902805COAR3CVFiledDecember18,_2001_  AV) ` dE<` A     ThisappealinvolvestheeffortsoftwoAtlanticCitycasinostocollectthegamblingdebtsofa  Tennesseeresident.AfterobtainingdefaultjudgmentsagainsttheTennesseeresidentinNewJersey, v thecasinostwiceattemptedtofiletheirjudgmentsintheChanceryCourtforPutnamCountyin b accordancewiththeUniformEnforcementofForeignJudgmentsAct.Onbothoccasions,thetrial N courtdeclinedtofilethejudgmentsafterfindingthattheywereirregularandthattheywerenot : properlyauthenticated.Onthesecondoccasion,thetrialcourtalsoconcludedthatitsrefusaltofile &v thefirstsetofjudgmentsprecludedthecasinosfromfilingthesecondsetofjudgments.Thecasinos b haveappealed.Wehavedeterminedthatthesecondsetofjudgmentsmeettherequirementsfor N filingandenforcementundertheUniformEnforcementofForeignJudgmentsActandthatthe : casinosunsuccessfuleffortstofilethefirstsetofjudgmentsdoesnotpreventthemfromfilingthe & secondsetofjudgments.Accordingly,wereversethetrialcourtsorderdenyingtheapplicationto  enforcetheforeignjudgments.   Tenn.R.App.P.3AppealsasofRight;JudgmentoftheChanceryCourtReversed  !    WilliamC.Koch,Jr.,J.,deliveredtheopinionofthecourt,inwhichAlanE.HighersandDavid ^#" R.Farmer,JJ.,joined. J$# JohnE.Buffaloe,Jr.,Nashville,Tennessee,fortheappellants,BoardwalkRegencyCorporationand "&r!% TrumpTajMahalAssociates. '^"& JonE.JonesandGwenD.Jones,Cookeville,Tennessee,fortheappellee,RoyB.Patterson. (6$( h  OPINION  *&*   @) I.  ,',   Sometimeintheearlyormid1990s,RoyPatterson,aresidentofPutnamCounty,traveled n.). toAtlanticCity,NewJerseywhereheranupdebtsattwocasinos.HereturnedtoTennesseeowing Z/*/ theBoardwalkRegency$5,558.92,andtheTrumpTajMahal$5,587.32.Bothcasinoseventually  filedsuitagainstMr.PattersonintheSuperiorCourtofNewJerseyinAtlanticCountyandobtained  defaultjudgmentsagainsthimfortheirrespectivedebts.    In1995theBoardwalkRegencyandtheTrumpTajMahalretainedcounselinTennesseeto ` registerandenforcetheirjudgmentsagainstMr.PattersonunderTennesseesversionoftheUniform L  EnforcementofForeignJudgmentsAct[Tenn.CodeAnn.266101,107(2000)].However,in 8  July1996,thetrialcourtdismissedtheapplicationstoenforcethejudgmentsafterconcludingthat $ t theywereirregularontheirface,thattheyconflicted withanotherjudgmentfiledinthisrecordfrom  ` thesamecaseinthesameCourt,andthattheylacked propercertification.  L    Thecasinosdidnotletthematterdrop.Asbestwecandetermine,theyfilednewlawsuits $  againstMr.Pattersonand,onOctober21,1996,obtainednewjudgmentsagainsthimintheSpecial   CivilPartoftheSuperiorCourtofNewJersey.TheNewJerseycourtawardedtheTrumpTajMahal   a$5,730.90judgment5 #  1      ׀andtheBoardwalkRegencya$5,760.07judgment.6T #  2      ׀Thereafter,onDecember   17,1996,thecasinosTennesseelawyerappliedtothetrialcourttoenforcethesenewjudgments   andprovidedthecourtwith exemplifiedcopiesofthejudgmentsand affidavitssupportingthe p enforcementofthejudgments.8 #  3      ׀Mr.Pattersonmovedtodismisstheseapplicationsontwogrounds \ !thattheNewJerseycourtdocumentsdidnotincludea written[o]rderof[j]udgmentandthat H thesedocumentscontained differentamountsanddifferentsignaturesofcertification.9 #  4       4   InAugust1998,thecasinosrespondedtoMr.Pattersonsmotionbyfilingcopiesofnuncpro  \ tuncordersenteredbytheNewJerseycourtonJune16,1998againawardingthemdefault H judgmentsagainstMr.Patterson.Onthisoccasion,theNewJerseycourtgrantedtheTrumpTaj 4 Mahalajudgmentfor$5,558.72 pluscostsofsuitandawardedtheBoardwalkRegencya   judgmentfor$5,587.32 pluscostsofsuit.Mr.Pattersonrenewedhisobjectiontotheenforcement   ofthejudgments.HeinsistedthattheJune16,1998judgmentswerenotauthenticatedandthatthey  were atleastthethirddocumentone[sic]filedinthis[c]ourtpurportingtobethefinaljudgment  oftheNewJerseycourtagainstthisdefendant.Eachofthesepurportedjudgmentsisforaseparate  amount.HealsoinvokedthedoctrineofresjudicataandinsistedthatthetrialcourtsJuly1996 l dismissaloftheearlierapplicationstoenforcethejudgmentsshouldbarthecurrentapplications. X    OnFebruary11,1999,thetrialcourtfiledordersdenyingbothcasinosapplicationsto 0"  enforcetheirNewJerseyjudgments.Thecourtconcludedthat therewasnotaproperly #l! authenticatedforeignjudgmentinthiscaseandthatthedocumentspurportingtobeforeign $X" judgmentswere irregularandinconflictwith otherjudgmentsfiledinthisrecordandinthe  predecessorrecord.Thetrialcourtalsoconcludedthatitspreviousdismissalofthecasinos  applicationstoenforcethejudgments appliedtobarthepresentactionunderthedoctrineofres  judicata.Thecasinoshaveappealed. t @) II.  L  @hh TheStandardofReview  8    Mr.PattersonhasnotdeniedthatheincurredthedebtsattheBoardwalkRegencyandthe  ` TrumpTajMahal,norhasheassertedthattheSuperiorCourtofNewJerseylackedeithersubject  L  matterjurisdictionoverthecasinosclaimsorpersonaljurisdictionoverhim.Instead,heasserts(1)  8  thatthejudgmentsarenotentitledtofullfaithandcreditbecausetheSuperiorCourtofNewJersey $  isnotacourtofrecord,(2)thatthecasinoshavenotcompliedwiththetechnicalrequirementsofthe   UniformEnforcementofForeignJudgmentsAct,and(3)thatthedoctrineofresjudicatabarsthe   casinoscurrenteffortstoenforcetheirjudgments.Allthesedefensesinvolvelegalratherthan   factualquestions.Accordingly,wewillreviewthetrialcourtsconclusionsdenovowithout   presumingthattheyarecorrect.Brownv.BirmanManagedCare,Inc.,42S.W.3d62,66(Tenn. p 2001). \ @^^( III.  4 @  TheEnforceabilityofGamblingDebts   p   OneofthemostsettledprinciplesofAmericanjurisprudenceistheconstitutionalmandate H thateachstatemustgivefullfaithandcredittoeveryotherstatesjudicialproceedings.U.S.Const. 4 art.IV,1.Thisprincipleistemperedbyonlyafewnarrowandspecificqualifications.Astate   courtaskedtorecognizeajudgmentofacourtofanotherstatemaysatisfyitself(1)thatthecourt   enteringthejudgmentsoughttobeenforcedhadpersonalandsubjectmatterjurisdiction,(2)thatno  fraudhadbeenpracticedontheforeigncourtenteringthejudgment,and(3)thatenforcementofthe  foreignjudgmentwouldnotviolatethestrongpublicpolicyofthestatewherethejudgmentissought  tobeenforced.UnderwritersNatlAssuranceCo.v.NorthCarolinaLife&Accident&HealthIns. l Guar.Assn,455U.S.691,70405,102S.Ct.1357,136566(1982);Hydev.Hyde,562S.W.2d X  194,196(Tenn.1978);Hartv.Tourte,10S.W.3d263,269(Tenn.Ct.App.1999);Coastcom,Inc. D! v.Cruzen,981S.W.2d179,181(Tenn.Ct.App.1998).Thiscasetouchesuponthepublicpolicy 0"  exception. #l!   HoldingtoAmericanattitudesandprohibitionsthatpredatetheRevolutionaryWar, #  5       $D # Tennesseeconsidersgamblingcontrarytothepublicpolicyofthisstate.Tenn.CodeAnn.3917 %0!$ 501(1)(Supp.2001).Infact,bothgamblingandthepromotionofgamblingaremisdemeanors, &"% Tenn.CodeAnn.3917502and503(1997),andgamblingdebtsincurredinTennesseecannot '#& becollectedinTennesseescourts.Tenn.CodeAnn.2919102(2000).However, (#' notwithstandingTennesseesofficialantipathytowardgambling,ourcourtshavelongheldthat )$( judgmentsforoutofstategamblingdebtsareenforceableinTennessee.Inthewordsofthe |*%) TennesseeSupremeCourt,reducingagamblingdebttojudgment purifiesthecontractfromthe  gamingtaint.Hollandv.Pirtle,29Tenn.(10Hum.)167,169(1849).Thus,wehaveconsistently  enforcedforeignjudgmentsforgamblingdebts.RobinsonProps.Group,L.P.v.Russell,No  W200000331COAR3CV,2000WL33191371,at*4(Tenn.Ct.App.Nov.22,2000)(NoTenn. t R.App.P.11applicationfiled);MirageCasinoHotelv.Pearsall,No.02A019608CV00198, ` 1997WL275589,at*45(Tenn.Ct.App.May27,1997)perm.app.denied(Tenn.Dec.8,1997); L  HotelRamadaofNevada,Inc.v.Thakkar,No.03A019103CV00113,1991WL135471,at*34 8  (Tenn.Ct.App.July25,1991)perm.app.denied(Tenn.Jan.6,1992).Inthiscase,thefactthatthe $ t casinoshavejudgmentsforgamblingdebtspresentsnoimpedimenttotheirenrollmentand  ` enforcementbyaTennesseecourt.  L  @dd) IV.  $  @ZZ  TheStatusofJudgmentsoftheSuperiorCourtofNewJersey      Mr.Pattersonsfirstargumentisthatthecasinosjudgmentsarenotentitledtofullfaithand   creditbecausetheywerenotrenderedbyacourtofrecord.Thisargumentiswrongontwocounts.   First,Tenn.CodeAnn.266104(b)doesnot,evenbyimplication,limitthejudgmentsentitledto p fullfaithandcredittothoserenderedbyacourtofrecord.Second,theSuperiorCourtofNewJersey \ is,asamatteroflaw,acourtofrecord. H   Tenn.CodeAnn.266104(b)providesthatourstatecourtswilltreataforeignjudgment  p  inthesamemannerasajudgmentofacourtofrecordinthisstate.Basedonthislanguage,Mr.  \ Pattersonassertsthatinorderforaforeignjudgmenttobeaccordedthesametreatmentasa H judgmentofaTennesseecourtofrecord,thejudgmentmusthavebeenrenderedbyacourtofrecord. 4 ThisreasoningoverlooksthatneitherU.S.Const.art.IV,1norTenn.CodeAnn.266103limits   thejudgmentsentitledtofullfaithandcredittojudgmentsof courtsofrecord.AccordingtoTenn.   CodeAnn.266103,a foreignjudgmententitledtofullfaithandcreditinTennesseeis any  judgment,decree,ororderofacourtoftheUnitedStatesorofanyothercourtwhichisentitledto  fullfaithandcreditinthisstate.    InadditiontohismistakeninterpretationofTenn.CodeAnn.266104(b),Mr.Patterson X  isalsomistakenaboutthestatusoftheSuperiorCourtofNewJersey.Thatcourt,whichisdivided D! intotheappellate,law,andchancerydivisions,isNewJerseyscourtoforiginalgeneraljurisdiction. 0"  N.J.Const.art.VI,3;Mayor&Councilv.Brewster,80A.2d297,301(N.J.1951).Thelawand #l! chancerydivisionsofthecourtarethecounterpartsofTennesseescircuit,chancery,andcriminal $X" courts. $D #   Acourtofrecordissimplyacourtthatpermanentlypreservesregularminutesofitsorders, &"% judgments,andotherproceedings.Allenv.McWilliams,715S.W.2d28,29(Tenn.1986);Pagev. '#& Turcott,179Tenn.491,503,167S.W.2d350,35455(1943).N.J.Stat.Ann.2A:1611(West (#' Supp.2000),providesthat )$( 8  8`   TheClerkoftheSuperiorCourtshallkeepabookknownasacivil h+&* judgmentandorderdocketinwhichshallbeentered,anabstractof T,'+ eachjudgmentororderforthepaymentofmoney,submittedfor @-(, entry,includingajudgmentorordertopaycounselfeesandother  feesorcosts,enteredfrom,ormadein,theSuperiorCourt.` x` x Basedonthisstatute,weconcludethattheSuperiorCourtofNewJersey,LawDivision,SpecialPart t isacourtofrecord.Aswehaveonprioroccasions,f #  6      ׀wealsoconcludethatthejudgmentsofthe ` SuperiorCourtofNewJerseyareentitledtofullfaithandcreditandareentitledtobefiledwithand L  enforcedbythecourtsofthisstate. 8  @) V.   ` @  TheAdequacyoftheAuthenticationoftheCasinosJudgments   L    Mr.PattersonalsoassertsthatthecasinosNewJerseyjudgmentsarenotentitledtobefiled $  orenforcedinTennesseebecausetheirauthenticationdoesnotcomplywithTenn.CodeAnn.26   6104(a)orTenn.CodeAnn.266105(a).Wehavedeterminedthatthetrialcourtcorrectly   determinedthatthecasinoslawyersfailuretocomplywithTenn.CodeAnn.266105(a)wasnot   afataloversight.However,werespectfullydisagreewiththetrialcourtsconclusionthattheNew   JerseyjudgmentswerenotauthenticatedasrequiredbyTenn.CodeAnn.266104(a). p   Therequirementsforfilingaforeignjudgmentarefewandstraightforward.Aperson H desiringtofileajudgmentmustfileacopyofthejudgmentthathasbeenauthenticatedinaccordance 4 withTennesseelaw.Tenn.CodeAnn.266104(a).Alongwiththeauthenticatedcopyofthe  p judgment,thepersondesiringtofileajudgmentmustalsofileanaffidavitcontainingthenamesand  \ lastknownaddressesofthejudgmentcreditorandthejudgmentdebtor.Tenn.CodeAnn.266 H 105(a).Oncethesedocumentsarefiled,theclerkofthecourtinwhichtheywerefiledmustissue 4 asummonstothejudgmentdebtor.Tenn.CodeAnn.266105(b).Ifthejudgmentdebtormakes   noresponseafterbeingserved,thejudgmentcreditormay,afterwaitingthirtydays,simplyenforce   thejudgmentbyexecutionorothermeans.Tenn.CodeAnn.266105(c).    Althoughtheseproceduresaresimple,theyarenotoptional.Both affidavitspreparedby  thecasinoslawyertocomplywithTenn.CodeAnn.266105(a)containablanknotarys l certificate,indicatingthatthelawyerknewthatthedocumentswererequiredtobenotarizedbutfor X  somereasonneglectedtohavethedocumentsnotarizedbeforefilingthem.UnderTennesseelaw, D! neitherdocument,despiteitstitle,qualifiesasanaffidavitbecauseanaffidavitisawrittenstatement 0"  bytheaffiantthatismadeunderoath.StateDeptofHumanServs.v.Neilson,771S.W.2d128,130 #l! (Tenn.Ct.App.1989).Accordingly,asfarasthisrecordshows,thecasinosdidnotcomplywith $X" Tenn.CodeAnn.266105(a). $D #   However,underthefactsofthiscase,thefailuretonotarizethedocumentsintendedtofulfill &"% therequirementsofTenn.CodeAnn.266105(a)shouldnotbefatal.Noonehasdisputedthe '#& accuracyoftheinformationinthedocuments,andtheinformationwassufficienttoenabletheclerk (#' andmastertoissuethesummonstoMr.PattersonrequiredbyTenn.CodeAnn.266105(b).Mr. )$( Pattersonreceivedthesummons,andaccordingly,thereisnoquestionthathereceivedthesortof  timelynoticeofthefilingoftheforeignjudgmentsthattheUniformEnforcementofForeign  JudgmentsActenvisioned.Thetrialcourtitselfdidnotviewthisoversightasmaterialbecauseit  grantedbothcasinospermissiontofileproperlynotarizedaffidavits.Accordingly,weconcludethat t thetrialcourtcorrectlydidnotdismisstheapplicationstodomesticatethesejudgmentsbecauseof ` thecasinoslawyersfailuretocomplywithTenn.CodeAnn.266105(a).2 #  7       L    WeturnnowtoMr.Pattersonsclaimthatthe exemplifiedcopyofjudgmentandthe $ t January16,1998orderoftheSuperiorCourtforNewJerseywerenotproperlyauthenticated.  ` Becausethiscasedoesnotinvolveajudgmentofafederalcourt,thequestionofauthenticationis  L  governedbyTennesseelawsinceTenn.CodeAnn.266104(a)requiresthatthe foreignjudgment  8  [be]authenticatedinaccordancewiththe...statutesofthisstate.Thus,thepivotalquestionhere $  iswhetherthecopiesoftheNewJerseyjudgmentsfiledbythecasinoshavebeenproperly   authenticated.     Tennesseecourtshavenotyetconstruedwhat authenticationforthepurposesofTenn.   CodeAnn.266104(c)requires.Incommonparlance,anauthenticateddocumentissimplya p writingwhosegenuinenessandauthenticityhavebeenverifiedorcertified.InterinsuranceExchange \ v.Velji,118Cal.Rptr.596,601(Ct.App.1975);1OxfordEnglishDictionary796(2ded.1989) H (defining authenticatedas [i]nvestedwithauthority,validity,trust,genuineness;certified). 4 Thus,forthepurposesoftheUniformEnforcementofForeignJudgementsAct,authenticationrefers  p totheprocessofverifyingthegenuinenessofthejudgment,order,orotherdocumentinquestion.  \ Morrowv.Westphal,521N.E.2d283,285(Il.App.Ct.1988). H   WeconcurwiththetrialcourtthatthecopiesoftheJanuary16,1998nuncprotuncorders   oftheSuperiorCourtofNewJerseyarenotauthenticatedforthepurposesofTenn.CodeAnn.   266104(a)becausetheybearnocertificateorattestationofeithertheclerkoftheSuperiorCourt  orthejudgethattheyaretrueandaccuratecopiesoftheordersmaintainedintherecordsofthe  SuperiorCourtofNewJerseyLawDivision.    Thesamecannotbesaid,however,forthetwodocumentsentitled exemplifiedcopyof X  judgementfiledwiththetrialcourtonDecember17,1996.Withoutrecitingthedetailsofthe D! attestationsattachedtothesedocuments,theattestationsofboththeclerkoftheSpecialCivilPart 0"  oftheSuperiorCourtofNewJerseyandthejudgeofthatcourtdemonstratebeyondreasonable #l! questionthatthecopiesofthesedocumentsarewhattheypurporttobe atruecopyoftherecord $X" inthecause...asfull,entireandcompleteasthesameonfileinsaidCourt....Substantially $D # similarattestationsorcertificationshavebeenfoundtobesufficientundertheUniformEnforcement %0!$ ofForeignJudgmentsAct.Lustv.FountainofLife,Inc.,429S.E.2d435,437(N.C.Ct.App.1993).  Accordingly,wefindthatthetrialcourterredbyconcludingthatthe exemplifiedcopyof  judgementfiledonbehalfofeachcasinodidnotmeettheauthenticationrequirementsofTenn.  CodeAnn.266104(a)._g #  8      _Ԁ t @dd) VI.  L  @::  TheResJudicataEffectoftheDismissaloftheFormerApplication 8     Thefinalissueinvolvesthecorrectnessofthetrialcourtsconclusionthatthedoctrineofres  ` judicatabarsthecasinoseffortstoenforcethesejudgmentsbecauseinJune1996ithaddeclined  L  toenforceotherjudgmentsagainstMr.Patterson.Resjudicataisinapplicableinthiscasebecause  8  theformerTennesseeproceedinginvolveddifferentNewJerseyjudgmentsandbecausethetrial $  courtsJune1996orderdidnotconcludetherightsofthepartiesonthemerits.     Resjudicataisaclaimpreclusiondoctrinethatpromotesfinalityinlitigation.Moultonv.   FordMotorCo.,533S.W.2d295,296(Tenn.1976);Jordanv.Johns,168Tenn.525,53637,79   S.W.2d798,802(1935).Itbarsasecondsuitbetweenthesamepartiesortheirpriviesonthesame p causeofactionwithrespecttoalltheissueswhichwereorcouldhavebeenlitigatedintheformer \ suit.Richardsonv.TennesseeBd.ofDentistry,913S.W.2d446,459(Tenn.1995);Brownv.Brown, H 29S.W.3d491,495(Tenn.Ct.App.2000);Collinsv.GreeneCountyBank,916S.W.2d941,945 4 (Tenn.Ct.App.1995).Inorderforthedoctrineofresjudicatatoapply,thepriorjudgmentmust  p concludetherightsofthepartiesonthemerits.Goekev.Woods,777S.W.2d347,349(Tenn.1989);  \ Lewisv.Muchmore,26S.W.3d632,637(Tenn.Ct.App.2000). H   Partiesassertingaresjudicatadefensemustdemonstrate(1)thatacourtofcompetent   jurisdictionrenderedthepriorjudgment,(2)thatthepriorjudgmentwasfinalandonthemerits,(3)   thatthesamepartiesortheirprivieswereinvolvedinbothproceedings,and(4)thatboth  proceedingsinvolvedthesamecauseofaction.Leev.Hall,790S.W.2d293,294(Tenn.Ct.App.  1990).Apriorjudgmentordecreedoesnotprohibitthelaterconsiderationofrightsthathadnot  accruedatthetimeoftheearlierproceedingorthereexaminationofthesamequestionbetweenthe l samepartieswhenthefactshavechangedornewfactshaveoccurredthathavealteredthelegal X  rightsandrelationsoftheparties.Whitev.White,876S.W.2d837,839840(Tenn.1994);Stateex D! rel.Cihlarv.Crawford,39S.W.3d172,178(Tenn.Ct.App.2000). 0"    Wehavealreadydisposedoftheargumentthataforeignjudgmentcreditorshouldnotbe $X" permittedmorethatoneopportunitytouseTennesseescourtstoenforceaforeignjudgment.Thus, $D # whenanapplicationtoenforceaforeignjudgmentisdismissedonnonmeritsgrounds,suchas %0!$ failuretocomplywithTenn.CodeAnn.266104(a)orTenn.CodeAnn.266105(a),wehave &"% heldthatthedoctrineofresjudicatadoesnotpreventthejudgmentcreditorfromrefilingdocuments  inproperform.Hartv.Tourte,10S.W.3dat267.InadditiontothetrialcourtsJune1996  dismissalsnotbeingonthemeritsofthecasinosclaims,theseproceedings,commencedin  December1996,involvenewjudgmentsthatwerenotatissueintheearlierproceeding.Accordingly, t weconcludethatthetrialcourterredbyinvokingtheresjudicatadoctrineasgroundstodeclineto ` permitthecasinostofileandenforcetheirjudgmentsagainstMr.Patterson. L  @==( VII.  $ t   ManyofthedifficultiesencounteredbytheNewJerseycasinosinthiscasestemfromtheir  L  ownconduct.Nevertheless,inthefinalanalysis,theiromissionsandoversightsarenotsomaterial  8  thattheypreventthedomesticationandenforcementoftheirNewJerseyjudgmentsinTennessee. $  Accordingly,theordersdenyingthecasinosapplicationtoenforcetheirjudgmentsarereversedand   thecasesareremandedwithdirectionstofilethesejudgmentsassoonasthecasinoshave   demonstratedthattheyhavefiledaffidavitsmeetingtherequirementsofTenn.CodeAnn.266   105(a).WetaxonehalfofthecostsofthisappealtoRoyB.Pattersonandonehalfofthecosts,   jointlyandseverally,toBoardwalkRegencyCorporationandTrumpTajMahalAssociatesandtheir p suretyforwhichexecution,ifnecessary,mayissue. \    `     h     ____________________________  \    `     h     WILLIAMC.KOCH,JR.,JUDGE