ÿWPC¢ W1¯¡ƒ|J—›yŽ¿œvH+1ÜÕ_œ÷ ‹GºH^bÀ_î3‹áã1ZH%æò{‹.¦Š 5õÓÕ_VLfœËjXµ±MRv¢‚‰ÿ1¿XhWFÊ’`ˆ3Ϧv+ü›YÁ–âÎÙçóQÈ-8 A˜ª(v4)Väçç‡Æ+ÿò’¯Tº&‘)»^@Lö=ç¶«½4AmP ª³€¤úÅê…‚x¤œ~“Ùu„ÒŸû»Â˜¥o½«CÔ&à˜Â·[¤M„ Òîëà’-€ÑwK^e]òè×"r5S+Øcî–¸zñ™û?Þm"Çc™Ðæ³å¿èQ1‡]¢Vl–m¦³^O°öö+`ºNWÑÀ°â¶å6n2*7òÚKÐågÀÊ,ôØl¶*Q¿\2¬°ù ªØ¨OYbS4rY Ëà ß0ŽÜhص,d«bŽ¢€ç¥CRfkCpªCøÁ"w¥Çˆ,Œš˜åUˆÍÞtG ã¾!Xüñ¹åÍOûZÚ=è3-æ¿]ä42,†~Ûõz^‘Ë…9+4Í~µÍ⃕EvÖhië¯QÊG;·v°½K,û5¤V}¿ÝjÈ,‡¤·íÚÇö”gkïèÙb#É\ %% H+ 0ˆs UNû 0DIUN zÛÒU^ 'w347KÆZÆ ÆæƬrNt mvE••••••••••••••••••••••••b———————————————————————————————————— 0럟ŸŸ BŠŠ 0¤§ D3K D-~ 0K«« ASöÆI 0¤ 0D³ A«÷˜\\IB01S01\CLERK1NASÈÈ,,,,ÈÈ0» >Ý ƒR/j$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôÿ1ò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ô€€Ô‡ôÿ1òòôÿ1ÔÔ‡òÿ1òòôÿ1ÔCourt€of€Appeals€Rule€10(b):Ð ° Ðà8  àà ` àThis€Court,€with€the€concurrence€of€all€judges€participating€in€the€case,€may€affirm,€reverseÐ tÄ Ðor€modify€the€actions€of€the€trial€court€by€memorandum€opinion€when€a€formal€opinion€would€haveÐ 8ˆ Ðno€precedential€value.€€When€a€case€is€decided€by€memorandum€opinion€it€shall€be€designatedÐ üL Ðð ðMEMORANDUM€OPINION,ðð€shall€not€be€published,€and€shall€not€be€cited€or€relied€on€for€anyÐ À Ðreason€in€a€subsequent€unrelated€case.€Ô#†òÿ1òòòÿ1€#ÔÔ#†ôÿ1òòòÿ1Ÿ#Ô(`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman Regular(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó'ÀõO Z ‹6Times New Roman Regular ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptu™“/Ï qdj/B011C83|xLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ - ù-(|G2/j$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€@ »»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôÿ1ò»»Ô d(|3Gq$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€@ »»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV'ÿÿdxd)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3Gq$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€@ »»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€@ »»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÔ€¼@ »»»ÔÑ8€¥XXdì»»d8ÑÑ  Ñà@ü ü ìàÔ‡îR@ ÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@kk$ìàAT€NASHVILLEÔ#†¼@ »îîR #ԈРÖ& ÐÓ  ÓAssigned€on€Briefs€January€31,€2003Ð üL ÐÔ‡X¥X»¼@ ÔÌò òÔ#†¼@ »XX¥#ÔJAMES€BOYDòòóó€v.€BILLY€RILEY,€òòET€AL.€Ô‡X¥X.¼@ Ôó óÐ úJ ÐóóÌà@@½½ìàò ò€Appeal€from€the€Circuit€Court€for€Wayne€CountyÐ ú J Ðà@@øøìàNo.€€3544€and€3545€€€€€Stella€Hargrove,€Judge€Ð æ 6 ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<©` AßÐ ªú  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€€M2002„01384„Ô_ÔCOAÔ_Ô„R3„CV€„€Filed€December€19,€Ô_Ô2003Ô_ÔÐ ¥õ  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<|` AßÐ }Í  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓThis€appeal,€filed€pro€se,€involves€two€separate€law€suits€that€were€filed€and€pursued€in€the€trial€courtÐ xÈ  Ðwithout€consolidation€and€heard€without€consolidation€on€appeal.€€One€complaint€alleges€negligence,Ð d´ Ðand€the€other€complaint€alleges€malpractice.€€The€trial€court€dismissed€both€actions,€and€we€affirmÐ P  Ðthe€actions€of€the€trial€court.Ð <Œ ÐÓ»ÓÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Circuit€Court€Affirmedó óÐ d ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼@ »àX¥q#ÔÔ‡X¥X.¼@ ÔWilliam€B.€Cain,óó€J.,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòBen€H.€Cantrell,€P.J.,€M.S.,óó€andÐ ì< ÐòòPatricia€J.€Cottrell,€J.óó,€joined.Ð Ø( ÐÌJames€R.€Boyd,€Clifton,€Tennessee,€Pro€Se.Ð ° ÐÌTom€Anderson,€Jackson,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellees,€Billy€Riley€and€John€Ô_ÔCrunkÔ_Ô.Ð ˆØ ÐÌÓæÓò òMEMORANDUM€OPINIONó óÔ#†¼@ »XX¥#ÔÔ‡X¥X»¼@ Ô׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×Ð `° ÐÌòòóóÔ#†¼@ »XX¥ #ÔÓ  ÓÔ€X¥X»¼@ Ôà  àOn€April€22,€1999,€Appellant€filed€two€separate€law€suits€in€the€Circuit€Court€of€WayneÐ 8!ˆ  ÐCounty,€Tennessee.€€The€first€Complaint€alleged€medical€malpractice€and€named€Robert€Ô_ÔCobleÔ_Ô,€JohnÐ $"t! ÐÔ_ÔCrunkÔ_Ô€and€ððDoctor€Rayðð€as€Defendants.€€The€second€case,€alleging€negligence,€named€Billy€RileyÐ #`" Ðand€Correction€Corporation€of€America€as€Defendants.€€Appellant€is€a€prison€inmate.Ð ü#L# ÐÌà  àOn€June€22,€1999,€Defendant€John€Ô_ÔCrunkÔ_Ô,€who€was€not€a€medical€doctor€but€who€served€asÐ Ô%$!% ÐHealth€Administrator€for€the€prison,€filed€a€Tennessee€Rule€of€Civil€Procedure€12.02(6)€MotionÐ À&"& Ðasserting€failure€to€state€a€claim€upon€which€relief€could€be€granted.€€This€Motion€to€Dismiss€wasÐ ¬'ü"'ý ÐÔ_Ôgranted€by€the€trial€court€on€January€27,€2000,€and€the€malpractice€action€was€dismissed€as€to€JohnÐ ° ÐCrunk.Ð œì ÐÌà  àOn€April€12,€2001,€Appellant€filed€an€Amended€Complaint€Claim€for€Negligent€Loss€andÐ tÄ ÐDamage€to€Personal€Property€without€obtaining€leave€of€the€court€under€Tennessee€Rule€of€CivilÐ `° ÐProcedure€15.€€This€Amended€Complaint€sought€to€join€as€Defendants€Linda€Rochelle,€AssistantÐ L œ ÐWarden,€together€with€John€Does€1€and€2€and€the€Corrections€Corporation€of€America.Ð 8 ˆ ÐÌà  àOn€April€23,€2001,€Defendant€Billy€Riley,€in€the€original€negligence€Complaint,€filed€a€€RuleÐ  ` Ð12.02(6)€Motion€to€Dismiss€for€failure€to€state€a€claim€upon€which€relief€could€be€granted.€€On€JulyÐ ü L  Ð17,€2001,€again€without€obtaining€leave€of€the€court€pursuant€to€Rule€15,€Appellant€filed,€in€both€theÐ è 8  Ðmalpractice€action€and€the€negligence€action,€his€Supplemental€Complaint€relative€to€his€personalÐ Ô$  Ðproperty.€€On€August€31,€2001,€the€trial€court€granted€the€Motion€to€Dismiss€filed€by€Billy€Riley.Ð À  ÐDefendant€Dr.€Robert€Coble€also€filed€a€Motion€for€Summary€Judgment€in€the€malpractice€case€Ð ¬ü  Ðwhich,€on€May€31,€2001,€was€granted€by€the€trial€court.Ð ˜è  ÐÌà  àOn€February€28,€2002,€the€trial€court€entered€the€following€order:Ð pÀ ÐÌà8  àà ` àIn€this€cause,€it€appears€to€the€Court€that€Plaintiff€is€not€properly€before€theÐ H˜ ÐCourt€on€any€of€his€pending€pleadings€and€motions€and€that€same€should€be€denied.Ð4„Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àMore€specifically,€the€Court€finds€that€the€original€Complaint€was€filed€hereinÐ  \ Ðon€the€22nd€day€of€April,€1999,€naming€Robert€Coble,€John€Crunk€and€Doctor€RayÐ øH Ðas€Defendants.€€Motion€for€Summary€Judgment€as€to€Robert€Coble€was€granted€andÐ ä4 Ðentered€on€May€31,€2001.€€A€copy€of€the€Order€was€certified€to€Plaintiff€on€May€31,Ð Ð  Ð2001.€€Motion€to€dismiss€as€to€John€Crunk€was€granted€and€entered€January€27,€2000.€Ð ¼  ÐA€copy€of€the€Order€was€certified€to€Plaintiff.€€Doctor€Ray€was€never€served,€and€noÐ ¨ø Ðalias€service€of€process€has€issued€beyond€the€first€failed€service€on€May€18,€1999.€Ð”äÐ Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àPlaintiff€filed€his€Motion€for€Leave€to€Amend€Response€in€Opposition€toÐ l¼ ÐSummary€Judgment€as€to€Defendant,€Robert€Coble,€on€the€4th€day€of€December,Ð X ¨ Ð2001.€€The€Court€dismisses€Plaintiffððs€Motion€as€not€being€timely€filed.ÐD!”Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àOn€April€12,€2001,€Plaintiff€filed€an€Amended€Complaint€in€this€case€and€inÐ #l! Ðanother€case,€Circuit€Court€Case€No.€3544,€naming€Linda€Rochelle,€John€Does€1€andÐ $X" Ð2€and€Corrections€Corporation€of€America€as€new€Defendants.€€This€AmendedÐ ô$D # ÐComplaint€was€filed€without€leave€of€the€Court€and€alleges€new€and€different€lossesÐ à%0!$ Ðand€damages€arising€after€the€allegations€originally€alleged€in€this€case.€€The€CourtÐ Ì&"% Ðdismisses€same€action€pursuant€to€Rule€15€of€Rules€of€Civil€Procedure€and€alsoÐ ¸'#& Ðdismisses€Plaintiffððs€Motion€for€Default€Judgment€as€to€these€new€Defendants.Ф(ô#'Ð Ð  ÐÌAppellant€filed€a€Motion€for€New€Trial€which,€on€April€25,€2002,€was€denied€by€the€trial€court,€andÐ |*Ì%) ÐAppellant€filed€his€Notice€of€Appeal.€Ð h+¸&* Їà  àThe€record€on€appeal€reflects€that€ð ðDoctor€Rayðð€was,€indeed,€never€served€with€process,€andÐ ° Ðthat€no€alias€process€ever€issued.€€He€has,€therefore,€never€been€before€the€court.€€Further,€neither€theÐ œì ÐAmended€Complaint€or€the€Supplemental€Complaint€were€filed€by€leave€of€the€court€and€the€trialÐ ˆØ Ðcourt€dismissed€them€for€that€reason.€€A€more€pressing€reason€exists€for€dismissal.€€Ð tÄ ÐÌà  àBy€the€inmate€affidavit€filed€by€James€Boyd€on€April€19,€1999,€a€previous€case€in€the€UnitedÐ L œ ÐStates€District€Court€for€the€Middle€District€of€Tennessee€alleging€failure€to€provide€medical€careÐ 8 ˆ Ðand€failure€to€timely€pay€for€work€was€dismissed€as€frivolous€in€1998.€€On€a€single€affidavit€ofÐ $ t Ðindigency€he€now€files€case€number€3544€charging€Billy€Riley€and€Corrections€Corporation€ofÐ  ` ÐAmerica€with€negligence€because€he€bit€down€on€a€foreign€substance€in€a€hamburger.€€In€caseÐ ü L  Ðnumber€3545€he€charges€Robert€Coble,€John€Crunk€and€Doctor€Ray€with€medical€malpractice.€€HeÐ è 8  Ðthen€proposes€by€amendment€to€join€Linda€Rochelle,€John€Doe€1,€John€Doe€2€and€CorrectionsÐ Ô$  ÐCorporation€of€America€in€a€separate€charge€of€negligence€for€alleged€loss€of€certain€personalÐ À  Ðproperty.€€By€proposed€supplemental€complaint€allegedly€in€case€numbers€3544€and€3545€he€claimsÐ ¬ü  Ðhe€was€denied€a€liberty€interest€because€he€was€nsot€allowed€to€have€a€large€stereo€system.€€Each€ofÐ ˜è  Ðthese€separate€claims€are€in€fact€separate€claims€under€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€41„21„801,Ð „Ô  Ðet€seq.€€The€purpose€of€these€sections€of€the€Code€are€to€prevent€the€very€type€of€abuse€of€courtÐ pÀ Ðprocesses€evidenced€by€these€actions.€€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€41„21„807€provides€inÐ \¬ Ðpart:€€ð ðWith€the€filing€of€each€claim,€the€inmate€shall€file€a€current€certified€copy€of€the€inmateððs€trustÐ H˜ Ðaccount€statement€with€the€court.ðð€€By€the€same€statute,€if€a€claim€is€frivolous€the€court€shall€orderÐ 4„ Ðthe€inmate€to€pay€filing€fees,€court€costs€and€other€related€expenses€as€to€such€claim.€€To€use€theÐ  p Ðamendment€process€in€civil€actions€to€allow€totally€unrelated€claims,€both€as€to€allegations€and€asÐ  \ Ðto€defendants,€to€circumvent€the€requirements€of€Title€41€Chapter€21€Tennessee€Code€AnnotatedÐ øH Ðcannot€be€allowed.Ð ä4 ÐÌà  àThe€record€reveals€that,€as€to€the€Defendant€Dr.€Robert€Coble,€his€Motion€for€SummaryÐ ¼  ÐJudgment€was€granted€on€May€31,€2001,€and€in€such€Order€the€trial€court,€pursuant€to€TennesseeÐ ¨ø ÐRule€of€Civil€Procedure€54.02,€expressly€determined€that€there€was€no€just€cause€for€delay€inÐ ”ä Ðentering€a€Final€Order€as€to€this€Defendant.€€The€Order€was€designated€as€final€pursuant€to€the€Rule.€Ð €Ð ÐThis€action€was€buttressed€by€a€separate€Order€entered€November€29,€2001,€which€reiterated€theÐ l¼ Ðfinality€of€the€Order€pursuant€to€Rule€54.02.€€Notice€of€Appeal€was€not€filed€until€May€6,€2002.€Ð X ¨ ÐThus,€as€to€Defendant€Doctor€Robert€Coble,€appeal€was€not€timely€filed.Ð D!” ÐÌà  àAs€to€all€of€the€Defendants,€both€of€the€claims€that€are€before€the€Court€are€frivolous.€€In€theÐ #l! Ðmalpractice€complaint,€Appellant€asserts€that€Drs.€Coble€and€Ray€are€licensed€medical€doctors€andÐ $X" Ðthat€John€Crunk€is€a€registered€nurse€and€Director€of€Health€Services€at€South€Central€CorrectionalÐ ô$D # ÐFacility.€€He€complains€of€high€cholesterol,€skin€problems,€failure€of€Dr.€Coble€to€refer€him€to€aÐ à%0!$ Ðdermatologist€and€improper€discontinuance€of€medication.€€However,€Appellant€never€purports€toÐ Ì&"% Ðoffer€competent€evidence€establishing€the€applicable€standard€of€care€for€any€Defendant€orÐ ¸'#& Ðestablishing€any€deviation€from€such€standard€of€care.Ð ¤(ô#' ÐÌà  àTennessee€Code€Annotated€section€29„26„115€(2000)€provides€in€pertinent€part:Ð |*Ì%) ÐÐ h+¸&* Ðà8  àà ` à(a)€€In€a€malpractice€action,€the€claimant€shall€have€the€burden€of€proving€byÐ ° Ðevidence€as€provided€by€subsection€(b):МìÐ Ð  Ðà8  àà ` à(1)€The€recognized€standard€of€acceptable€professional€practice€in€theÐ ˆØ Ðprofession€and€the€specialty€thereof,€if€any,€that€the€defendant€practices€in€theÐ tÄ Ðcommunity€in€which€the€claimant€practices€or€in€a€similar€community€at€the€time€theÐ `° Ðalleged€injury€or€wrongful€action€occurred;ÐL œÐ Ð  Ðà8  àà ` à(2)€€That€the€defendant€acted€with€less€than€or€failed€to€act€with€ordinary€andÐ 8 ˆ Ðreasonable€care€in€accordance€with€such€standard;€andÐ$ tÐ Ð  Ðà8  àà ` à(3)€€As€a€proximate€result€of€the€defendantððs€negligent€act€or€omission,€theÐ  ` Ðplaintiff€suffered€injuries€which€would€not€otherwise€have€occurred.Ðü L Ð Ð  Ðà8  àà ` à(b)€€No€person€in€a€health€care€profession€requiring€licensure€under€the€lawsÐ è 8  Ðof€this€state€shall€be€competent€to€testify€in€any€court€of€law€to€establish€the€factsÐ Ô$  Ðrequired€to€be€established€by€subsection€(a),€unless€the€person€was€licensed€toÐ À  Ðpractice€in€the€state€or€a€contiguous€bordering€state€a€profession€or€specialty€whichÐ ¬ü  Ðwould€make€the€personððs€expert€testimony€relevant€to€the€issues€in€the€case€and€hadÐ ˜è  Ðpracticed€this€profession€or€specialty€in€one€(1)€of€these€states€during€the€yearÐ „Ô  Ðpreceding€the€date€that€the€alleged€injury€or€wrongful€act€occurred.€€This€rule€shallÐ pÀ Ðapply€to€expert€witnesses€testifying€for€the€defendant€as€rebutal€witnesses.€€The€courtÐ \¬ Ðmay€waive€this€subsection€when€it€determines€that€the€appropriate€witnessesÐ H˜ Ðotherwise€would€not€be€available.Ð4„Ð Ð  Ðà8  àà ` à(c)€€In€a€malpractice€action€as€described€in€subsection€(a),€there€shall€be€noÐ  p Ðpresumption€of€negligence€on€the€part€of€the€defendant;€.€.€.€.Ð \Ð Ð  ÐÌPlaintiffs€have€the€burden€of€proving€by€expert€testimony:€€(1)€the€standard€of€care;€(2)€defendantððsÐ ä4 Ðdeviated€from€that€standard,€and€(3)€plaintiffððs€injuries,€which€would€not€otherwise€have€occurredÐ Ð  Ðexcept€as€a€proximate€result€of€the€defendantððs€negligent€act€or€omission.€€òòDolan€v.€Cunninghamóó,Ð ¼  Ð648€S.W.2d€652€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1982);€òòParker€v.€Vanderbilt€Universityóó,€767€S.W.2d€412€(Tenn.€Ct.Ð ¨ø ÐApp.€1988).€€No€such€evidence€was€presented.Ð ”ä ÐÌà  àIn€the€negligence€case,€Plaintiff€simply€asserted€that€he€bit€down€on€a€hamburger€containingÐ l¼ Ða€piece€of€hard€plastic.€€No€where€does€he€allege€that€Defendant,€Billy€Riley,€or€anyone€else€had€priorÐ X ¨ Ðknowledge€of€this€piece€of€plastic€in€the€hamburger€or€that€Riley€was€actually€responsible€for€theÐ D!” Ðpreparation€of€the€food.€€ð ðThe€Tennessee€Rules€of€Civil€Procedure,€while€simplifying€and€liberalizingÐ 0"€  Ðpleading,€do€not€relieve€the€plaintiff€in€a€tort€action€of€the€burden€of€averring€facts€sufficient€to€showÐ #l! Ðthe€existence€of€a€duty€owed€by€the€defendant,€a€breach€of€the€duty,€and€damages€resultingÐ $X" Ðtherefrom.ðð€€òòSwallows€v.€Western€Elec.€Co.,€Inc.óó,€543€S.W.2d€581,€583òò€óó(Tenn.€1976).€€In€order€forÐ ô$D # Ðthe€allegations€of€the€negligence€Complaint€to€be€sufficient€to€state€a€cause€of€action€in€this€case,Ð à%0!$ ÐDefendants€would€have€to€be€insurers€and€not€tort€feasors.Ð Ì&"% ÐÌà  àThe€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€in€all€respects€affirmed,€and€the€cases€remanded€for€suchÐ ¤(ô#' Ðfurther€action€as€may€be€necessary€under€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€41„21„801,€et€seq.€Ð )à$( ÐCosts€are€assessed€to€Appellant.Ð |*Ì%) Ѐ€Ð h+¸&* ЇÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________€Ð œì Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àWILLIAM€B.€CAIN,€JUDGE