ÿWPC‹ 0U:° %êbðøn­ 04µéw.ñ4 0J3 0T} 0^Ñ 0h/ 0r— 0|  0†… 0  1u› 0dU>t AQ²Æ 0DÉ 0@ 0DM B)‘ D/º Bé B D3# DCV AM™ U*æ * v~: vÓ¸<þ6X9`("Courier NewTTX- ù-3|x «<þ6X9`("Courier NewTTXXxþ6X@ÉDQX@( ¤T$¡¡Ó  ÓûUüUýþEÿEÓ€ zƒ=#2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman!"#$&Cþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó% Line 7 d(('÷ÿ dxd düÿP Pd'''''ÿÿdxd%%%%7Border 1dd!#*Cþÿ << Gÿÿ< Œ 9p`(Arial Ý ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ""ÝÝ  ÝÔ€,ÔÔ€,ÔÓ  Óò òÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€,XÔÌÌOctober€10,€1997ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔ  Ôó óPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHØ(d'`Styl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  ion-F Geneva ÒÒ  ion-F Geneva ÒÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ ` ÑÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ7€ö¯XXdÖdÈ7ÑÑ€ÑÑ  ÑÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÔ€Ôò ò›Þ ÞÌPAULA€RENEE€STEPHENS€COONER,à à€€€)Ìà àà àà àà à€€€à àà à€€€)€€Davidson€CircuitÌà àPlaintiff/Respondent/Appellant,à à€€€)€€No.€83D„265Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€€)ÌVS.à àà àà àà àà àà à€€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€€)€€Appeal€No.̜ـ!ÙßR€+-*A1-j|ÅÊ` ç `€€@ÿRß›GARY€KENT€COONER,à àà àà à€€€)€€01„A„01„9701„CV„00021Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€€)Ìà àDefendant/Petitioner/Appellee.à à€€€)ó óÌà àà àà àà àà àà àÌÌÌò òÓ  ÓIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌMIDDLE€SECTION€AT€NASHVILLEÌÌAPPEALED€FROM€THE€CIRCUIT€COURT€OF€DAVIDSON€COUNTYÌ€AT€NASHVILLE,€TENNESSEEÌÓ  ÓÌÓ  ÓHONORABLE€MURIEL€ROBINSON,€JUDGEÌÓ  Óó óÌÌL.€R.€DeMarco,€#2652ÌSuite€400ÌWashington€SquareÌNashville,€TN€37201„1476ÌATTORNEY€FOR€PLAINTIFF/APPELLANTÌÌLouise€R.€Fontecchio,€#4065Ì20th€Floor,€First€American€CenterÌ315€Deaderick€StreetÌNashville,€TN€37238„2075ÌATTORNEY€FOR€DEFENDANT/APPELLEEÌÌÌÌò òÓ  ÓREVERSED,€VACATED€AND€REMANDEDó óÌÓ  ÓÌÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àHENRY€F.€TODDÌà àà àà àà àà àà àPRESIDING€JUDGE,€MIDDLE€SECTIONÌÌÌÌÌÌCONCURS:ÌœWILLIAM›€B.€CAIN,€SPECIAL€JUDGEÌœÌDISSENT€IN€SEPARATE€OPINION:ÌWILLIAM›€C.€KOCH,€JR.,€JUDGEÌÌÌÌÌœÌò òPAULA›€RENEE€STEPHENS€COONER,à à€€€)Ìà àà àà àà à€€€à àà à€€€)€€Davidson€CircuitÌà àPlaintiff/Appellant,à à€€€à àà à€€€)€€No.€83D„265Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€€)ÌVS.à àà àà àà àà àà à€€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€€)€€Appeal€No.ÌGARY€KENT€COONER,à àà àà à€€€)€€01„A„01„9701„CV„00021Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€€)Ìà àDefendant/Appellee.à à€€€à àà à€€€)ó óÌà àà àà àà àà àà àÌÌò òòòÓ  ÓÔ€¼ÔO€€P€€I€€N€€I€€O€€NÔ€XÔóóó óÌÌÌÓÓÓ  Óà àThe€captioned€plaintiff/wife,€has€appealed€from€a€post„divorce€order€in€a€contemptÏproceeding€instituted€by€the€captioned€defendant/husband.ÌÌà àThe€designated€record€contains€only€the€following:Ìà à1.à àDivorce€Decree€entered€August€16,€1983,€which€awarded€the€wife€a€divorce€onÏgrounds€of€cruel€and€inhuman€treatment,€custody€of€a€minor€child€aged€2„1/2,€with€stated€visitationÏby€the€husband,€support€for€the€child,€division€of€marital€estate,€and€alimony.€€The€decree€furtherÏcommitted€the€husband€to€confinement€for€contempt€for€10€days.ÌÌà à2.à àAgreed€order€entered€February€1,€1994,€finding€the€husband€in€contempt€ð ðforÏviolation€of€previous€orderðð€and€imposing€a€30„day€suspended€sentence,€awarding€judgment€to€theÍwife€for€$5,832.92€for€arrears€child€support,€and€issuing€a€wage€assignment€for€collection€of€pastÏand€future€child€support€and€alimony.€€The€order€concludes€as€follows:ÌÒ  ÒÒ ` ÒÒ ¸ ÒÒ ` ÒÓÓIt€is€further€ORDERED,€ADJUDGED€and€DECREED€thatÏthis€present€agreement€is€made€with€the€understanding€thatÏthe€parties€transferred€physical€possession€of€the€minor€childÏto€the€Respondent€on€November€8,€1993,€and€will€be€filingÏan€Order€changing€custody€of€the€minor€child€and€setting€anÏamount€of€current€support€for€and€after€that€date.€€In€theÏevent€the€parties€are€not€able€to€agree€upon€an€amount€ofÏcurrent€support,€or€payment€by€the€Respondent€on€theseÏarrearages,€the€parties€will€file€a€motion€to€have€the€matter€setÏfor€further€hearing€on€these€issues.ÌÌThe€Respondent€shall€pay€the€cost€of€this€cause€for€all€ofÏwhich€execution€may€issue€if€necessary.ÌÒ  ÒÒ ` ÒÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÓÓÌà à3.à àAn€order€entered€June€6,€1994,€providing:ÌÒ  ÒÒ ` ÒÒ ¸ ÒÒ ` ÒÓÓCourt€FINDS€that€since€the€child,€Jason€Cooner€is€now€inÏthe€custody€of€Gary€Kent€Cooner,€the€mother,€Paula€ReneeÏStephens,€should€be€ordered€to€pay€child€support€inÏaccordance€with€the€Tennessee€Child€Support€Guidelines€inÏthe€amount€of€$482.00€per€month,€beginning€November€8,Ï1993.ÌÌà à1.€€The€obligation€of€Paula€Renee€Stephens€forÏpayment€of€current€child€support,€and€the€obligation€of€GaryÏKent€Cooner€for€payments€on€prior€child€support€arrearagesÏshall€mutually€offset€each€other€so€that€neither€party€shall€beÏrequired€to€make€any€actual€payments€to€the€other.€€Instead,ÏGary€Kent€Cooner€shall€receive€a€credit€on€the€outstandingÏbalances€due€for€child€support€arrearages€in€the€amount€ofÏ$482.00€per€month€beginning€immediately€and€continuingÏuntil€further€orders€of€this€court.ÌÌà à2.€€Gary€Kent€Cooner€shall€also€receive€a€creditÏagainst€the€outstanding€child€support€arrearages€in€theÏamount€of€$2,651,€representing€child€support€owed€fromÏNovember€8,€1993.ÌÌà à3.€€The€wage€assignment€previously€issued€to€Mrs.ÏWinnerððs€Chicken€&€Biscuits€shall€be€withdrawn,€and€Mr.ÍCoonerððs€employer€shall€no€longer€be€required€to€deduct€anyÏamounts€from€any€wages,€salary€or€other€income€due€toÏGary€Kent€Cooner,€from€and€after€April€22,€1994.ÌÌà à4.€€Paula€Renee€Stephens€shall€continue€to€provideÏmedical€insurance€coverage€for€the€minor€child,€and€theÏparties€shall€each€be€responsible€for€payment€of€ðð€of€anyÏmedical€expenses€not€covered€by€insurance,€in€accordanceÏwith€prior€orders€of€this€Court.€€Provided,€however,€eachÏparty€shall€pay€his/her€share€of€non„covered€medicalÏexpenses€directly€to€the€medical€care€provider€upon€receipt€ofÏnotification€of€the€amounts€due.ÌÒ  ÒÒ ` ÒÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÓÓÌà à4.à àA€petition€for€contempt€filed€by€the€husband€September€6,€1996,€alleging:ÌÒ  ÒÒ ` ÒÒ ¸ ÒÒ ` ÒÓÓà à2.€€The€child€has€remained€in€the€continuous€care€andÏcustody€of€the€father€until€the€weekend€of€August€30€throughÏSeptember€2,€1996€when€he€was€visiting€with€the€mother.€ÏDuring€the€weekend€when€the€father€was€not€at€home,€theÏchild€and€mother,€Paula€Renee€Stephens,€came€to€theÏfatherððs€home€and€without€the€fatherððs€knowledge€or€consentÏthe€mother,€Paula€Renee€Stephens,€entered€the€home€in€theÏcompany€of€the€child,€removed€all€of€the€childððsÏpossessions,€as€well€as€furniture,€television,€and€other€itemsÏfrom€the€childððs€room€in€the€fatherððs€home€and€took€theÏchild,€the€furniture,€and€other€items€to€the€home€of€theÏmother.ÌÌà à3.€€Upon€returning€to€the€home€on€the€afternoon€ofÏSeptember€2,€1996,€and€discovery€that€the€child€and€all€ofÏhis€belongings€were€missing,€the€father€contacted€theÏmother,€who€admitted€that€she€had€in€fact€been€in€the€fatherððsÏhome€and€had€removed€the€child€and€the€childððs€belongingsÏfrom€the€fatherððs€home€without€the€fatherððs€permission.€€SheÏhowever€stated€that€she€was€not€willing€to€return€the€child€toÏthe€care€of€the€father€because,€in€her€opinion,€the€child€wasÏold€enough€to€decide€for€himself€where€he€wants€to€live.ÌÌà à5.€€The€father€believes€that€the€mother€is€not€onlyÏguilty€of€criminal€acts€of€breaking€and€entering€and€theft€ofÏthe€fatherððs€property,€but€in€fact€is€further€in€willful€criminalÏcontempt€of€the€prior€orders€of€this€Court€and€that€sheÏshould€be€required€to€appear€on€a€date€certain€to€hear€theÏcharges€against€her,€and€upon€a€finding€of€guilt€should€beÍpunished€accordingly.ÌÌà à6.€€The€father€further€believes€that€the€mother€is€inÏwillful€civil€contempt€for€her€refusal€to€return€the€childÏimmediately€to€the€home€of€the€father,€and€that€she€should€beÏrequired€to€appear€and€show€cause,€if€any€she€has,€why€sheÏshould€not€be€punished€for€her€willful€disobedience€to€thisÏCourtððs€orders.ÌÌWHEREFORE,€PETITIONER€PRAYS:ÌÌà à1.€€That€this€Petition€be€filed€and€the€mother,€PaulaÏRenee€Stephens,€be€served€with€process€and€be€given€anÏopportunity€to€appear€and€answer;ÌÌà à3.€€That€the€mother€be€given€notice€of€the€chargesÏagainst€her€and€be€required€to€appear€on€a€date€certain€to€hearÏthe€charges€against€her€and€be€allowed€to€present€defense€toÏthose€charges€if€she€so€chooses;ÌÌà à4.€€That€at€the€hearing€of€this€cause€the€mother€beÏfound€in€both€willful€criminal€and€civil€contempt€of€theÏorders€of€this€Court€and€be€punished€accordingly.ÌÒ  ÒÒ ` ÒÓÓÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÌà à5.à àA€Temporary€Restraining€Order€entered€on€September€6,€1996,€stating:ÌÒ ¸ ÒÒ X ÒÓ K ÓÒ ¸ ÒÒ ` ÒÓÓTO:à àPaul€Renee€StephensÌÌÒ  ÒÒ ` ÒÓ  ÓÒ ¸ ÒÒ ` ÒÒ  ÒÒ ` Òà àYou€are€hereby€enjoined€and€restrained€fromÏcontinuing€to€deprive€the€father€of€his€lawful€custody€of€theÏchild,€Jason€Cooner,€pending€a€hearing€in€this€matter€andÏyou€are€further€hereby€ordered€to€immediately€return€theÏchild€to€the€care€and€control€of€the€father,€along€with€all€ofÏthe€possessions€which€were€removed€from€the€home€of€theÏfather€between€August€30€and€September€2,€1996.ÌÒ ¸ ÒÒ X ÒÓÓÌÒ S ÒÒ X Òà à6.à àThe€response€of€the€wife€to€the€petition€for€contempt€and€counter„petition€stating:ÌÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÒ  ÒÒ ` ÒÓÓà à7.€€Since€the€last€Order€was€entered€there€has€beenÏsignificant€and€material€change€in€the€circumstances€of€theÏparties€which€would€warrant€a€change€of€custody€of€theÏminor€child,€Jason€Cooner,€age€15€ðð,€from€the€Father€toÏthe€Mother,€The€Mother€would€show€that€it€is€in€the€bestÍinterest€of€the€minor€child€that€custody€be€changed€from€theÏFather€to€the€Mother.ÌÌà àThe€mother€would€show€that€the€girlfriend€of€theÏFather€has€been€living€with€the€Father€with€the€minor€childÏpresent.€€The€Father€has€been€spending€numerous€nightsÏaway€from€home€leaving€the€child€with€his€girlfriend.€€InÏAugust€1996,€the€minor€child€discovered€marijuana€andÏpornographic€pictures€in€a€cabinet€in€the€home€of€theÏFather.€€The€pornographic€pictures€were€of€the€Father€andÏhis€girlfriend€and€previous€girlfriends.ÌÌà à8.€€The€Mother€would€further€show€unto€the€CourtÏthat€the€minor€child€has€been€attending€an€alternativeÏschool,€The€Center€for€Family€Life,€and€the€Mother€hasÏmade€application€for€the€child€to€attend€Davidson€Academy,Ïa€private€school,€but€the€child€has€not€yet€been€accepted.ÌÌà à9.€€The€Mother€presently€resides€with€another€minorÏson€and€her€present€husband€and€has€sufficient€room€in€herÏhomeplace€for€the€minor€son.ÌÌÌÓÓÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÒ S ÒÒ X Òà à7.à àA€16„page€transcript€of€a€hearing€held€on€October€31,€1996.ÌÌÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÒ S ÒÒ X Òà à8.à àThe€order€presently€under€review,€was€entered€November€12,€1996,€providing:ÌÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÒ  ÒÒ ` ÒÓÓà àIt€appearing€to€the€Court€from€the€testimonyÏpresented,€including€that€of€Paula€Cooner€Stephens€whoÏvoluntarily€took€the€stand€on€her€own€behalf€that€on€orÏabout€the€2nd€day€of€September,€1996,€and€continuing€untilÏSeptember€7,€1996,€Paula€Cooner€Stephens€did€willfullyÏand€deliberately€violate€the€prior€Orders€of€this€Court€byÏdepriving€Gary€Kent€Cooner€of€the€lawful€custody€of€theÏchild€and€all€of€his€possessions,€including€furnitureÏbelonging€to€Gary€Kent€Cooner€from€the€home€of€GaryÏKent€Cooner€without€permission€of€Mr.€Cooner,€andÏfurther€by€taking€the€child€into€her€care€and€custody€andÏfailing€to€return€him€until€she€was€served€with€a€RestrainingÏOrder€of€this€Court€on€or€about€September€7,€1996.€€TheÏCourt€finds€that€said€conduct€constitutes€flagrant€disregardÏof€this€Orders€of€this€Court€and€that€it€constitutes€willfulÏcriminal€contempt.ÌÌIt€is,€therefore,€ORDERED€as€follows:ÌÌÓÓÓÓà à1.€€That€Paula€Stephens€be,€and€hereby€is,€found€inÏwillful€criminal€contempt€of€the€Orders€of€this€Court€and€isÏsentenced€to€serve€one€(1)€night€in€the€Davidson€CountyÏJail€as€punishment€for€said€conduct.ÌÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÒ S ÒÒ X ÒÌÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÒ N ÒÒ X ÒÒ N ÒÒ ` ÒÒ  ÒÒ ` Òà à2.€€That€Louise€R.€Fontecchio,€attorney€for€GaryÏKent€Cooner,€is€awarded€a€judgment€against€Paul€StephensÏin€the€amount€of€$750.00€for€her€services€as€attorney€forÏGary€Kent€Cooner€in€this€matter€for€which€execution€mayÏissue€if€necessary.ÌÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÓÓÌÒ S ÒÒ X Òà àOn€appeal,€the€wife€presents€the€following€issues€for€review:ÌÒ  ÒÒ ` ÒÓÓà à1.€€Whether€the€Trial€Court€abused€its€discretion€inÏholding€the€mother€guilty€of€criminal€contempt.ÌÌà à2.€€Whether€the€Trial€Court€abused€its€discretion€inÏits€punishment€of€the€mother.ÌÌà à3.€€Whether€the€Court€abused€its€discretion€in€theÏaward€of€attorneys€fees€to€the€father.ÌÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÓÓÒ S ÒÒ X ÒÌà àThe€husband€repeats€the€issues€of€the€wife€in€reverse€form€and€adds€an€allegation€ofÏfrivolous€appeal.Ìò òÓ  ÓI.ÌFirst€IssueÌòòCRIMINAL€CONTEMPTóóó óÌÓ  Óà àIt€is€clear€from€the€above€quoted€November€12,€1996,€order€of€the€Trial€Court€that€theÏbasis€of€the€finding€of€contempt€included:ÌÓÓÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÒ  ÒÒ ` Òà àFrom€September€2,€1996,€to€September€7,€1996,Ïthe€wife€violated€the€previous€orders€of€the€Trial€Court€byÏdepriving€the€father€of€the€lawful€custody€of€his€child.ÌÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÓÓÒ S ÒÒ X ÒÌà àThe€ð ðprevious€ordersðð€included:ÌÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÒ  ÒÒ ` ÒÓÓ(a)€€The€above€quoted€agreed€order€entered€on€February€1,Ï1994,€which€recognized€the€transfer€of€custody€to€the€fatherÏby€the€parties€who€promised€to€file€an€order€to€this€effect.€€ÌÌ(b)€€€The€above€quoted€temporary€restraining€order€enteredÏon€September€6,€1996,€which€was,€in€effect,€a€mandatoryÏorder€of€custody€which€was€disobeyed.ÌÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÓÓÒ S ÒÒ X ÒÌà àThe€wife€argues:ÌÒ S ÒÒ ` ÒÒ  ÒÒ ` ÒÓÓà àThe€defendant€in€a€trial€for€criminal€contempt€hasÏbeen€held€to€have€the€right€to€notice€of€the€specificÏproceedings€against€him€and€the€right€to€defend.€€TheÏTennessee€Rules€of€Criminal€Procedure,€Rule€42€(b)Ïrequire€that€a€criminal€contempt€be€prosecuted€on€noticeÏwhich,€ð ðshall€state€the€time€and€place€of€hearing,€allowingÏreasonable€time€for€the€preparation€of€the€defense,€and€shallÏstate€the€essential€facts€constituting€the€criminal€contemptÏcharged€and€to€describe€it€as€such.ððÌÌà àAlso,€in€cases€of€criminal€contempt€the€defendant€isÏentitled€to€all€of€the€constitutional€protections€of€anyÏcriminal€defendant,€including€the€presumption€of€innocenceÏand€the€right€to€require€that€guilt€be€shown€beyond€aÏreasonable€doubt.€€òòStorey€vs€Storeyóó,€835€S.W.2d€593Ï(1992);€òòStrunk€vs€Lewis€Coalóó€òòCoóó.,€547€S.W.2d€252Ï(1976);€òòGompers€vs€Buckððs€Store€and€Range€Coóó.,€221ÏU.S.€418,€444„446,€31€S.Ct.€492,€499„500,€55€L.Ed.€797,Ï807„08€(1911).€ÌÌÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÓÓÒ S ÒÒ X Òà àSurprisingly,€the€husbandððs€brief€contains€no€response€to€this€argument.ÌÌà àThe€threshold€issue€in€every€appeal€from€a€finding€of€contempt€is€whether€the€contempt€isÏcivil€or€criminal.òò€€Jones€v.€Jonesóó,€Tenn.€App.€1997,€filed€February€26,€1997.€€The€answer€turnsÏon€the€conduct€involved€and€the€sanctions€imposed,€not€on€the€labels€of€ð ðcivilðð€or€ð ðcriminalððÏaffixed€by€the€parties€or€the€trial€court.€òòSherrod€v.€Wixóó,€Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1992,€849€S.W.2d€780,Í787.€€Making€the€distinction€is€essential€because€doing€so€determines€the€procedure€to€be€followedÏand€the€constitutional€protections€to€be€afforded€the€alleged€contemner.€€òòStorey€v.€Storeyóó,€Tenn.ÏCt.€App.€1992,€835€S.W.2d€593,€599.ÌÌà àThe€purpose€of€a€civil€contempt€proceeding€is€to€coerce€the€contemner€to€comply€with€aÏcourtððs€order,€and€is€intended€to€benefit€the€party€seeking€the€contempt€order.€€òòState€ex€rel.€AgeeÏv.€Chapmanóó,€Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1995,€922€S.W.2d€516,€519.€€Civil€contempt€sanctions€are€open„ended€and€terminate€when€the€contemnor€complies€with€the€court€order.€€The€contemnor€ð ðcarriesÏthe€keys€to€the€jail€in€his€or€her€own€pocket.ðð€€òòState€ex€rel.€Anderson€v.€Daughtreyóó,€137€Tenn.Ï125,€127,€191€S.W.€2d€974€(1917);€òòCrabtree€v.€Crabtreeóó,€Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1986,€716€S.W.2dÏ923,€925.ÌÌà àIn€this€case,€the€trial€court€sentenced€Ms.€Cooner€to€one€night€in€jail.€There€was€no€wayÏthat€Ms.€Cooner€could€avoid€the€sentence€imposed€upon€her,€and€the€sentence€does€not€benefitÏMr.€Cooner.€€Thus,€the€purpose€of€Ms.€Coonerððs€imprisonment€appears€to€be€punitive€andÏcriminal€in€nature.ÌÌà àTRCP€Rule€42€provides€as€follows:ÌÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÒ  ÒÒ ` Òò òÓÓà àCriminal€Contemptó ó.€„€(a)€Summary€Disposition.Ï„€A€criminal€contempt€may€be€punished€summarily€if€theÏjudge€certifies€that€he€or€she€saw€or€heard€the€conductÏconstituting€the€contempt€and€that€it€was€committed€in€theÏactual€presence€of€the€court.€€The€order€of€contempt€shallÏrecite€the€facts€and€shall€be€signed€by€the€judge€and€enteredÏof€record.ÌÌà à(b)€Disposition€upon€Notice€and€Hearing.€„€AÍcriminal€contempt€except€as€provided€in€subdivision€(a)€ofÏthis€rule€shall€be€prosecuted€on€notice.€€The€notice€shallÏstate€the€time€and€place€of€hearing,€allowing€a€reasonableÏtime€for€the€preparation€of€the€defense,€and€shall€state€theÏessential€facts€constituting€the€criminal€contempt€chargedÏand€describe€it€as€such.€€The€notice€shall€be€given€orally€byÏthe€judge€in€open€court€in€the€presence€of€the€defendant€or,Ïon€application€of€the€district€attorney€general€or€of€anÏattorney€appointed€by€the€court€for€that€purpose,€by€anÏorder€to€show€cause€or€an€order€of€arrest.€€The€defendant€isÏentitled€to€admission€to€bail€as€provided€in€these€rules.€€IfÏthe€contempt€charged€involves€disrespect€to€or€criticism€of€aÏjudge,€that€judge€is€disqualified€from€presiding€at€theÏhearing€except€with€the€defendantððs€consent.€€Upon€aÏverdict€of€finding€of€guilt€the€court€shall€enter€an€orderÏfixing€the€punishment.ÌÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÓÓÌÒ  ÒÒ ` ÒÒ S ÒÒ ` ÒÒ S ÒÒ X Òà àHere€the€criminal€contempt€was€indirect,€as€Ms.€Coonerððs€acts€were€committed€outside€theÏcourtððs€presence.€€Thus,€the€Circuit€Court€could€only€impose€punishment€for€indirect€criminalÏcontempt€after€providing€the€notice€required€by€Tenn.R.Crim.P.€42(b).ÌÌà àIn€òòGompers€v.€Buckððs€Stove€&€Range€Companyóó,€221€U.S.€418,€31€S.Ct.€492,€55€L.EdÏ797€(1911),€the€U.S.€Supreme€Court€reversed€an€order€of€imprisonment€for€contempt€on€otherÏgrounds,€but€said:ÌÒ  ÒÒ ` ÒÓÓWithout€deciding€what€may€be€the€rule€in€civil€contempt,€itÏis€certain€that€in€proceedings€for€criminal€contempt€theÏdefendant€is€presumed€to€be€innocent,€he€must€be€proved€toÏbe€guilty€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt,€and€cannot€beÏcompelled€to€testify€against€himself.ÌÌÌÓÓÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÒ S ÒÒ X Òà àInòò€Storey€v.€Storeyóó,€Tenn.€App.€1992,€835€S.W.2d€593,€a€sentence€to€the€workhouseÏwas€reversed€for€failure€to€afford€proper€notice€to€the€defendant€of€the€nature€of€the€contempt€withÏwhich€he€was€charged.ÌÌà àIn€òòStrunk€v.€Lewis€Coal€Coóó.,€Tenn.€App.€1976,€547€S.W.2d€252,€an€incarceration€forÏcriminal€contempt€was€reversed€because€the€Trial€Court€failed€to€follow€the€requirement€of€proofÏof€guilt€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.ÌÌà àIn€the€present€case,€the€record€contains€the€petition€for€contempt€which€was€evidentlyÏserved€upon€the€wife,€for€she€filed€a€response€denying€that€her€actions/omissions€constitutedÏcontempt.€€Otherwise,€the€record€is€silent€as€to€the€other€elements€of€due€process.ÌÌà àThe€transcript€of€the€October€31,€1996€hearing€is€a€melange€of€informal€procedure.€€First,Ïthere€are€10€pages€of€statements€of€fact€by€counsel.€€Then,€there€is€are€4€pages€of€testimony€of€theÏwife€under€questioning€by€both€counsel€and€the€Trial€Judge.€€Finally,€there€are€two€pages€ofÏcolloquy€between€the€Trial€Judge€and€Counsel€regarding€the€punishment€to€be€imposed.ÌÌà àIn€the€present€case,€the€accused€wife€filed€an€answer€to€the€petition€for€contempt€admittingÏher€failure€to€promptly€comply€with€the€peremptory€order€of€the€Trial€Court€to€deliver€possessionÏof€the€child€to€the€father,€but,€offering€excuses€for€her€failure€to€do€so.€€The€answer€made€noÏdemand€for€due€process€or€complaint€of€denial€of€due€process.ÌÌà àCriminal€contempt€proceedings€are€intended€to€vindicate€the€authority€of€the€courts€byÏpunishing€persons€who€willfully€disobey€lawful€court€orders.òò€€State€ex€rel.€Agee€v.€Chapmanóó,Ï922€S.W.2d€516,€519€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1995);€òòThigpen€v.€Thigpenóó,€874€S.W.2d€51,€53€(Tenn.ÏCt.€App.€1993).€€In€order€to€warrant€a€judgment€of€criminal€contempt,€the€conduct€must€beÍspecifically€contrary€to€a€court€order,€and€the€conduct€must€be€willful€or€intentional.€€This€recordÏcontains€no€indication€that€an€order€had€ever€been€entered€specifically€directing€Ms.€Stephens€notÏto€accompany€her€son€into€Mr.€Coonerððs€house€without€his€presence€or€permission.€€Accordingly,Ïnotwithstanding€how€inappropriate€or€unwise€Ms.€Stephensððs€conduct€might€have€been,€it€cannotÏsupport€a€judgment€of€criminal€contempt.ÌÌà àMs.€Stephens€could€conceivably€have€violated€the€trial€courtððs€September€6,€1996€orderÏdirecting€her€to€return€the€partiesðð€son€to€Mr.€Cooner€and€to€refrain€from€interfering€with€Mr.ÏCoonerððs€custody€rights.€€However,€it€is€unlikely€that€this€order€could€have€been€the€basis€for€aÏpetition€for€contempt€filed€contemporaneously€with€the€order€itself.€€Thus,€the€trial€courtððsÏcriminal€contempt€judgment€cannot€stand€if€it€was€based€on€Ms.€Stephensððs€violation€of€theÏSeptember€6,€1996€order.€€Ms.€Stephens€received€no€notice€that€she€was€being€accused€ofÏviolating€the€September€6,€1996€order,€and€of€equal€importance,€Mr.€Cooner€failed€to€proveÏbeyond€a€reasonable€doubt€that€Ms.€Stephens€did€not€comply€with€this€order.ÌÌà àCivil€and€criminal€contempt€proceedings€should€not€be€tried€simultaneously€because€of€theÏsignificant€differences€in€the€respective€burdens€of€proof€and€procedural€rights€accorded€to€theÏperson€accused€of€contempt.€€Proceedings€of€indirect€criminal€contempt€cannot€be€commencedÏwithout€the€notice€required€by€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€42(b).€€Giving€this€notice€at€an€early€stageÏeliminates€any€possible€confusion€concerning€the€nature€of€the€proceeding€and€better€enables€theÏalleged€contemner€to€invoke€his€or€her€procedural€rights.€€òòJones€v.€Jonesóó,€App.€No.€01A01„9607„CV„00346,€1997€WL€80029,€at€*3€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€Feb.€26,€1997)€(No€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€11Ïapplication€filed).ÌÌà àAppellate€courts€review€the€substance€of€contempt€judgments€using€the€ð ðabuse€ofÏdiscretionðð€standard€of€review.òò€€Hawk€v.€Hawkóó,€855€S.W.2d€573,€583€(Tenn.€1993).€€TrialÏcourts€must€comply€strictly€with€the€absolute€provisions€of€the€law.òò€€Robinson€v.€Air€DraulicsÏEngððg.€Coóó.,€214€Tenn.€30,€37,€377€S.W.2d€908,€912€(1964).€€Strict€oversight€of€the€procedureÏemployed€by€trial€courts€is€necessary€to€ensure€that€courts€wield€their€broad€contempt€power€inÏaccordance€with€the€rule€of€law€and€the€requirements€of€procedural€fairness.€€òòSanders€v.€Sandersóó,ÏApp.€No.€01A01„9601„GS„00021,€1997€WL€15228,€at€*3€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€Jan.€17,€1997)€(NoÏTenn.€R.€App.€P.€11€application€filed).ÌÌà àThe€procedure€employed€by€the€trial€court€in€this€case€was€fundamentally€flawed€becauseÏof€the€lack€of€notice€required€by€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€42(b)€and€because€the€trial€court€wasÏapparently€attempting€to€consider€Mr.€Coonerððs€petitions€for€criminal€contempt€and€for€civilÏcontempt€simultaneously.€€Even€though€Ms.€Stephens€did€not€frame€the€issue€precisely€in€theseÏterms,€we€should€take€it€up€in€order€to€prevent€prejudice€to€the€judicial€process€and€because€theÏprocedural€oversight€involved€substantial€rights€and€more€likely€than€not€affected€the€outcome€ofÏthe€proceeding.ÌÌà àThe€substantive€and€procedural€flaws€in€this€contempt€proceedings€cannot€be€remedied€byÏvacating€the€contempt€judgment€and€remanding€the€case€for€retrial.€€We€reverse€the€judgment€ofÏcontempt€and€remand€the€case€to€the€trial€court€with€directions€to€dismiss€Mr.€Coonerððs€petition€toÏhold€Ms.€Stephens€in€contempt.ÌÌà àTrial€courts€may€award€attorneys€fees€in€proceedings€to€enforce€child€support€decrees€or€inÏproceedings€involving€the€custody€or€change€of€custody€of€children.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€36„5„103(c)€(1996).€€However,€this€was€not€such€a€proceeding.€€Criminal€contempt€proceedings,Ïunlike€civil€contempt€proceedings,€are€for€the€benefit€of€the€court€not€for€the€benefit€of€the€parties.€ÏòòState€ex€rel.€Agee€v.€Chapmanóó,€922€S.W.2d€at€519.€€Accordingly,€in€the€absence€of€a€statute€orÏrule€enabling€prevailing€parties€in€criminal€contempt€proceedings€to€recover€their€attorneyððs€fees,Ïthis€Court€holds€that€the€trial€court€did€not€have€authority€to€order€Ms.€Stephens€to€pay€Mr.ÏCooner€for€the€legal€expenses€he€incurred€to€pursue€his€criminal€contempt€petition.ÌÌà àIn€the€absence€of€contrary€authority,€this€Court€holds€that€during€the€entire€judicial€processÏwhich€produces€an€incarceration,€the€due€process€is€open€to€question€and€review;€so€that,€evenÏwithout€prior€complaint,€the€question€of€due€process€is€open€for€review,€even€on€appeal.€€Also,Ïthis€Court€holds€that€whenever€the€question€is€raised,€the€Court€has€an€affirmative€duty€to€inquireÏinto€the€question€unrestrained€by€the€niceties€of€burden€of€proof,€and€to€determine€from€anÏindependent€review€of€all€circumstances€whether€due€process€was€accorded€to€the€accused.ÌÌà àPertinent€portions€of€the€transcript€are:ÌÓÓÒ S ÒÒ ` ÒÒ  ÒÒ ` Òà àMS.€FONTECCHIO:€€I€may€be€able€to€make€realÏshort€work€of€this€case.€€Itððs€about€a€mile€long.€€We€areÏhere€today€„„„€my€client€has€had€simple€custody€of€the€child,ÏJason,€since€the€order€of€this€Court€that€was€entered€on€theÏ6th€day€of€June,€1994.ÌÌà àOn€Labor€day€weekend€this€year,€September€ofÏ1996,€the€child€was€spending€the€weekend€with€his€mother.€ÏMr.€Cooner€came€home€and€discovered€that€the€child€and€allÏof€his€belongings,€including€furniture€from€the€childððs€roomÏwhich€didnððt€even€belong€to€the€child,€was€gone.€€Mr.ÍCooner€talked€with€Mrs.€Stevens,€learned€that€she,€herÏcurrent€husband€and€the€child€had€come€to€Mr.€CoonerððsÏresidence.€€The€child€had€let€them€into€the€house.€€TheyÏpacked€up€all€of€the€childððs€belongings,€includingÏfurnishings,€and€took€the€child€and€all€of€his€belongings€toÏMrs.€Coonerððs€(sic)€home€with€no€court€order,€no€nothing.ÌÌÌà àNow,€they€are€„„€in€addition€to€which,€while€theyÏwere€in€the€home,€the€child€went€to€another€part€of€theÏhouse,€which€was€not€in€his€room,€opened€a€locked€fileÏcabinet,€removed€from€that€locked€file€cabinet€certainÏpersonal€items€of€Mr.€Coonerððs,€showed€them€to€hisÏmother.€€She€knew€that€he€had€gone€into€this€locked€fileÏcabinet€and€gotten€them.€€She€let€him€do€it,€and€then€thatÏnight€when€Mr.€Cooner€met€with€her€at€a€restaurant€toÏconfront€her€with€this€behavior,€she€„„€her€response€was,Ïbasically€that€the€child€was€old€enough€to€decide€where€heÏliked.ÌÌà àNow,€sheððs€filed€an€answer€in€which€she€hasÏbasically€admitted€everything€that€happened€on€thatÏweekend.€€She€said€she€did€not€go€through€Mr.€CoonerððsÏpersonal€belongings,€but€she€doesnððt€deny€that€she€knewÏthat€Jason€did€€and€allowed€him€to€do€it.€€And€herÏjustification€for€it€is,€Your€Honor,€she€has€alleged€that€theseÏpersonal€belongings€consisted€of€some€pornographicÏpictures€and€some€old€drug€paraphernalia,€small€marijuanaÏparaphernalia€and€some€marijuana€seeds.€€The€fact€of€theÏmatter€is,€Your€Honor,€whether€or€not€„„€and€they€have€alsoÏfiled€a€petition€for€change€of€custody.ÌÌà àNow,€itððs€our€position€that€the€issue€of€the€„„€if€thereÏwas€marijuana€or€if€there€wasnððt€marijuana,€may€need€to€beÏtried€in€the€custody,€but€that€didnððt€give€her€justification.€ÏThis€„„€whatever€was€there€was€in€a€locked€file€cabinet.€€ItÏwas€not€in€the€possession€of€the€child.€€It€wasnððt€in€theÏchildððs€room.€€It€wasnððt€shown€to€the€child,€and€Mrs.ÏCooner€„„€excuse€me,€Mrs.€Stevens€had€no€businessÏbringing€her€current€husband€into€Mr.€Coonerððs€houseÏloading€all€the€property,€including€furniture€that€belonged€toÏMr.€Cooner,€on€a€truck€and€taking€it€to€their€house;€thatÏsheððs€in€willful€contempt€of€the€Courtððs€orders€and€shouldÏbe€punished€accordingly.€€And€sheððs€admitted€it.ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€Well,€whereððs€the€child€living€now?ÌÌà àMS.€FONTECCHIO:€€€With€Mr.€Cooner.ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€Okay.ÌÌà àMS.€FONTECCHIO:€€We€got€a€restraining€orderÏfrom€Your€Honor€to€give€the€child€and€his€furnishingsÏback,€and€that€was€when€„„ÌÌà àMR.€DeMARCO:€She€voluntarily€relinquished€theÏchild,€Your€Honor.ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€All€right.€€Did€he€get€all€of€theÏfurniture€and€everything€back?ÌÌà àMR.€DeMARCO:€I€donððt€know€that€he€did.ÌÌà à(Whereupon,€Ms.€Fontecchio€questioned€Mr.ÏCooner.)ÌÌà àMR.€DeMARCO:€Yes,€Your€Honor.€€The€divorceÏwas€back€in€1983.€€Mrs.€Cooner€got€custody€of€the€child€atÏa€very€young€age.€€This€is€a€case€where€contempt€were€filedÏby€her€against€him€for€not€paying€child€support.€€He€servedÏ90€days€one€time,€10€days€another€time.ÌÌà àTwo€and€a€half€years€ago,€maybe€three€„„€close€toÏthree€years€ago,€he€went€to€go€live€with€his€father.€€SheÏagreed.€€Heððs€been€living€with€his€father€since€that€time.€ÏThere€was€an€incident€Labor€Day,€as€Ms.€FontecchioÏstated.€€The€child€found€marijuana€there,€found€not€onlyÏpornographic€pictures,€but€there€were€pictures€of€Mr.ÏCooner€engaged€with€sexual€relations€with€his€girlfriends.ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€Well,€but€did€he€have€it€in€a€lockedÏcabinet?ÌÌà àMR.€DeMARCO:€Well,€the€lock,€it€was€broke.€€ItÏwas€one€of€these€cabinets,€according€to€the€boy€as€IÏunderstand€it,€you€just€pull€open.€€It€was€locked,€but€youÏjust€pull€it€open.Ì€Ìà àTHE€COURT:€Well,€what€is€it€she€admits€here?ÌÌà àMR.€DeMARCO:€She€admits€that€she€went€overÏthere€to€help€her€son€to€move€to€her€house.€€She€kept€himÏbeyond€the€period€of€time,€which€I€guess€as€far€as€theÏcontempt€goes,€the€violation€of€the€Court€order,€it€would€beÏthe€fact€that€she€kept€the€child€beyond€the€usual€visitationÏtime.ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€Well,€were€there€any€criminalÏcharges€for€her€entering€his€house€and€taking€his€property?ÌÌà àMR.€DeMARCO:€No,€Your€Honor.ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€Okay.€€Well,€sheððs€lucky€that€heÏdidnððt€have€her€arrested€for€that.€€All€right.€€Is€she€going€toÏadmit€this€contempt?ÌÌà àMR.€DeMARCO:€She€admits€she€had€went€overÏthere€and€did€that€and€kept€him€„„€well,€as€far€as€keepingÏhim€beyond€the€time,€she€admits€that.€€I€donððt€think€itððs€a€„„ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€What€do€you€want€me€to€do€aboutÏthis?ÌÌà àMS.€FONTECCHIO:€Your€Honor,€„„ÌÌà àMR.€DeMARCO:€She€admits€she€went€over€there,Ïand€weððve€got€a€petition€for€contempt€on€her€change€ofÏcustody,€which€I€donððt€want€to€try€today.€€Your€HonorÏwonððt€let€us€try€it€today€but€„„ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€What€do€you€want€me€to€do€withÏher?€€She€admits€her€contempt.ÌÌà àMS.€FONTECCHIO:€Your€Honor,€we€want€herÏsentenced€to€jail€for€ten€days€for€her€contempt.€€We€believeÏsheððs€in€willful€contempt€of€the€orders€of€the€Court.€€And€IÏhave€to€tell€you,€Your€Honor,€she€did€not€voluntarily€returnÏthe€child.€€September€30th,€we€filed€this€petition€forÏcontempt€and€got€a€restraining€order;€and,€it€was€pursuantÏto€the€restraining€order€on€„„€sometime€after€SeptemberÏ30th.€€Iððm€not€sure€if€it€was€the€first€or€the€second€ofÏOctober€that€it€was€actually€served€on€her.ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€But€do€yððall€want€me€to€try€this,€orÏdo€you€want€me€to€pronounce€the€sentence?ÌÌà àMS.€FONTECCHIO:€I€want€„„€thereððs€no€factualÏdispute,€Your€Honor.€€Sheððs€admitted€it.ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€Do€you€want€me€to€hear€her€reasonsÏwhy€she€did€this,€or€do€you€want€me€to€just€deal€with€theÏcontempt?ÌÌà àMR.€DeMARCO:€I€would€like€you€to€hear€her.€ÏThereððs€one€other€extenuating€circumstance.€€€I€would€likeÏto€put€her€on,€Your€Honor.ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€All€right.€€Take€the€stand,€please,Ïmaððam.ÌÌà àPAULA€R.€STEVENS,€Ìhaving€been€first€duly€sworn,€testified€as€follows:ÌÌà àQ.€€You€recognize€you€should€not€have€gone€intoÏMr.€Coonerððs€house€uninvited?ÌÌà àA.€€At€the€time,€I€didnððt€feel€that,€given€what€JasonÏhad€found,€that€Mr.€Cooner€would€„„€would€try€to€forceÏhim€to€stay€there€knowing€that€he€wanted€to€move€over,Ïparticularly€given€the€fact€that€I€voluntarily€let€him€moveÏover€to€his€fatherððs.ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€You€kind€of€need€to€answer€hisÏquestion.ÌÌòòBY€MR.€DeMARCOóó:ÌÌà àQ.€€Okay.€€You€recognize€you€shouldnððt€have€doneÏit.€€Okay.€€What€was€your€reasoning€for€going€over€there?ÌÌà àTHE€WITNESS:€At€the€time€I€did€it,€I€didnððt€feelÏthat€it€was€going€to€be€a€problem.€€I€felt€that€Mr.€CoonerÏwould€honor€Jasonððs€desires€to€move€over€there,Ïparticularly€given€the€incriminating€things€that€were€foundÏthere.ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€Well,€from€what€youððre€telling€meÏyou€found,€theyððre€not€particularly€incriminating.ÌÌà àQ.€€Anyway,€did€you€have€a€conversation€with€Mr.ÍCooner€the€evening€of,€I€believe,€Labor€Day€evening?ÌÌà àA.€€Right.€€We€met€that€afternoon€and€discussed€theÏsituation,€discussed€what€he€found€and€discussed€JasonððsÏdesire€to€move€back€home.€€Mr.€Cooner,€at€the€end€of€theÏconversation,€told€Jason,€ð ðOkay€„„ÌÌà àMS.€FONTECCHIO:€Objection..ÌÌà àTHE€WITNESS:€€„„€I€donððt€want€you€to€just€thinkÏabout€this€overnight.€€I€want€you€to€think€about€it€for€aÏcouple€of€weeks,€and€then,€in€a€couple€of€weeks€weððllÏtalk,ðð€and€we€left€it€at€that.ÌÌòòBY€MR.€DeMARCOóó:ÌÌà àQ.€€What€was€your€understanding€at€that€point?ÌÌà àA.€€I€felt€that€he€had€given€us€permission€to€do€that.€ÏThat€when€he€said€weððll€talk€about€it€in€two€weeks.ÌÌà àQ.€€And€then€what€happened?ÌÌà àA.€€And€then€on€that€next€Friday,€that€was€MondayÏ„„€no,€it€was€Saturday,€the€sheriff€came€over€with€theÏrestraining€order,€and€we€had€to€move€all€of€his€stuff€back.ÌÌòòCROSS„EXAMINATION€BY€MS.€FONTECCHIOóó:ÌÌà àQ.€€Mrs.€Stevens,€the€conversation€you€had€withÏMr.€Cooner€was€after€the€fact,€after€you€had€already€gone€toÏhis€home,€moved€Jason,€all€the€belongings,€including€theÏfurniture,€to€your€home;€isnððt€that€correct?ÌÌà àA.€€Jason€was€apprehensive€about€how€his€fatherÏwas€going€to€react,€so€thatððs€correct.ÌÌà àQ.€€So€Mr.€Cooner€didnððt€give€his€consent€beforeÏyou€went€into€his€home€and€moved€his€furniture€out€of€hisÏhouse?ÌÌà àA.€€No.ÌÌà àTHE€COURT:€All€right.€€Mrs.€Stevens,€youððre€notÏat€liberty€to€disobey€any€court€order,€and€clearly€yourÍactions€were€really€quite€shocking€and€uncalled€for.€€I€haveÏno€alternative€but€to€find€you€in€willful€criminal€contempt€ofÏthe€orders€of€this€Court.€€Iððm€going€to€sentence€you€to€aÏnight€in€jail.€€You€violate€these€orders€again,€and€youððll€doÏmuch€more€time.ÌÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÓÓÒ S ÒÒ X ÒÌà àThe€state€of€the€record€presents€several€issues€of€law€„Ì€€à àFirst,€where€a€person€accused€of€criminal€contempt€files€an€answer€to€the€petition€forÏcontempt€and€appears€for€trial€with€counsel€who€presents€no€demand€for€due€process€,€is€the€issueÏof€due€process€waived?ÌÌà àThis€Court€is€convinced€that€the€constitutional€right€of€due€process€requires€that€€theÏsentence€in€the€present€case€be€vacated€and€that€the€cause€be€remanded€with€direction€to€dismissÏthe€petition€for€criminal€contempt.ÌÌà àMr.€Cooner€requests€damages€for€a€frivolous€appeal€under€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€27„1„122Ï(1980).€€Since€Ms.€Stephens€was€partially€successful€on€appeal,€this€appeal€is€not€frivolous,€andÏMr.€Cooner€is€not€entitled€to€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€27„1„122€damages.€€See€òòPittman€v.€LascoÏIndus.,€Incóó.,€908€S.W.2d€932,€937€(Tenn.€1995).ÌÌà àThe€plaintiff/mother€requests€that€she€be€relieved€of€paying€part€of€the€fatherððs€attorneysÏfees€and,€instead,€requests€this€Court€to€require€the€father€to€pay€all€or€part€of€her€legal€expensesÏin€the€Trial€Court€and€on€appeal.€€In€the€absence€of€a€statute€on€rule€enabling€the€prevailing€partiesÏin€criminal€contempt€cases€to€recover€their€attorneyððs€fees,€this€Court€holds€that€this€Trial€CourtÏdid€not€have€the€authority€to€order€Ms.€Stephens€to€pay€Mr.€Cooner€for€the€legal€expenses€heÍincurred€in€prosecuting€his€petition€for€criminal€contempt.ÌÌà àThe€judgment€of€criminal€contempt€and€sentence€therefor€is€reversed€and€vacated.€€TheÏcause€is€remanded€for€retrial€under€the€strict€requirements€of€due€process.€€Costs€of€this€appeal€areÏtaxed€against€the€petitioner/husband.ÌÌÒ  ÒÒ X Òò òÓÓÓ  ÓREVERSED,€VACATED€AND€REMANDEDó óÌÌÌÌÓ  Óà àà àà àà àà à___________________________________ÌÓÓÓÓà àà àà àà àà àHENRY€F.€TODDÌà àà àà àà àà àPRESIDING€JUDGE,€MIDDLE€SECTIONà àÌÒ S ÒÒ X ÒÌCONCURS:̛̜Ì________________________________ÌWILLIAM€B.€CAIN,€SPECIAL€JUDGEÌœÌ̛̜DISSENT€IN€SEPARATE€OPINION›ÌWILLIAM€C.€KOCH,€JR.,€JUDGEÌÌÌÌÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÒ ' ÒÒ X ÒÌÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÒ S ÒÒ X ÒÌÌÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÌÓÓÌÔ€Ô