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óX*$’’&20Technical Document StyleĢņ ņŌ2ŌŌ3  Ō€Ō  ŌŌ  Ōą..ąĢó óX)$’’&21Technical Document Styleņ ņŌ2ŌŌ3  Ō€Ō  ŌŌ  Ōą..ąĢó óX83’’&22Technical Document StyleĢņņņ ņŌ  ŌŌ2ŌŌ3  Ō€Ō  ŌŌ  ŌŌ  ŌĢóóą..ąĢó óX/’’&23Technical Document Styleą..ąņ ņŌ2ŌŌ3  Ō€.€€Ģó óX/’’&24Technical Document Styleą..ąņ ņŌ2ŌŌ3  Ō€.€€Ģó ó  ’’Cƒ‰•›£«±Right ParRight-Aligned Paragraph NumbersI.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)3|x«<ž6X9`(*Courier 12pt10cpiXXxž6X@ÉJQX@( ¤T$””Ó  Ó d”@q'ŸÓ$ØØ(G.2-—$¤¤Ż ƒF¤T!ŻÓ  ÓŻ  ŻŌ€ņW3ņXXŌą  ąņņņ ņŚ  Ś0Ś  Śó óóó’MARVIN’’BERKE’’LESLIE’’McWILLIAMS’(—$ņ ņņņŚ  Ś0Ś  Śó óóó VANNLASLEYPINCHAKMcDONALDLUFKINFRIERSONShelbyvilleGlenna KiddHawthornes S.W.ClarksvilleNETHERTONBraswellCarothers˜HP LaserJet 8000 Series PSŲŚŲŚŚŲŲŚ0’U‹’ĄĄĄ<4šŪ 9Z ‹.Courier New Regular €GLENNA €KIDDShelbyvilleMcMURRAYGlenna KiddHawthornes#wr'L  ]Ż ƒIa¢$ŻÓ  ÓŌ€ņ̰ņXXŌą  ąņņņ ņŚ  Ś1Ś  Śó óóóŻ  ŻŌ_ŌŌ€Wņ] ņņņ̰ŌThe€Father€requested€child€support€payments€for€the€period€of€time€thatŠ `  Šthe€two€children€resided€with€him.€€We€decline€to€award€the€Father€back€childŠ  ° Šsupport€payments€because€he€did€not€file€a€request€for€child€support€until€heŠ Ą ` Šfiled€his€petition€for€change€of€custody.€€By€that€time,€one€child€was€livingŠ p  Šwith€him€and€one€child€had€begun€living€with€the€Mother.<4šŪ 9Z ‹.Courier New Regular<Ś5 9Z+‹ Courier New Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5((3ķĄ$££Ż ƒF¤T!ŻÓ  ÓŻ  ŻGGGG)’’!dxdx Ż ƒbķĄ"ŻÓ  ÓŻ  ŻŌ_ŌŌ€]X·‘XXXŌŌ€]X]X·‘ŌÓ  Óņ ņŌ Ad ŌFILEDŌ€]X·‘X]ŌŠ  ŠĢNovember€17,€1999ĢĢCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ĢAppellate€Court€ClerkŌdA„Ōó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial RegularabZc[Ež’<<C’’ƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5((3ķĄ$¢¢Ż ƒF¤T!ŻÓ  ÓŻ  Ż($$””ņ ņŚ  Ś1Ś  Śó óŻ ƒF¤T!ŻÓ  ÓŻ  ŻŌ_ŌŌ€QXņXXXŌŌ‡VXņXXQXņŌŃ` °ŃŃ  ŃŃ8€BõXXdČdČ8ŃŃTR[° AŲ'Legal3Ų' AŲ'’ Legal’3Ų'TŃŃ  ŃŃ °XŃßv€`\[@0,j:`  `€€@’EČā ` 8ttxPÜ š  vßŌ_Ōą@| | ģąņ ņIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALS€AT€NASHVILLEó óˆŠ Ü  ŠĢĢGINGER€ASHLEY€FERRELL,ą@°°*ģąą@@°°*ģą)ˆą0  ąC/A€No.€M1998„00214„COA„R3„CVŠl (#(# Šą@°°*ģą)ˆą  ąDAVIDSON€COUNTYŠ Bf Šą  ąRespondent/Appellee,ą@°°*ģą)ˆą0  ąCircuit€No:€Š<(#(# Šą@°°*ģą)ˆą  ą92D„1927Š ī Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą@°°*ģą)ˆą  ąą p ąŠ Äč Šą  ąv.ą@°°*ģą)ˆą  ąŠ š¾ Šą  ą€€€€€ą@°°*ģą)ˆą  ą€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ą@°°*ģą€ˆŠ p”  Šą@°°*ģą)ˆą  ąŠ Fj  ŠFRANKIE€DEWAYNE€FERRELL,€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ą@°°*ģą)ˆą  ąŠ @  Š€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ą  ą€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ą@°°*ģą)ˆą  ąŠ ņ  Šą  ąPetitioner/Appellant.ą@°°*ģą)ˆą  ąŠ Čģ  Šą@°°*ģą)ˆĢą@°°*ģą)ˆĢĢĢĢAPPEALED€FROM€THE€SECOND€CIRCUIT€COURT€OF€DAVIDSON€COUNTY€ĢĢTHE€HONORABLE€MARIETTA€M.€SHIPLEY,€JUDGEĢą@ģģ*ģąˆą  ąĢĢĢNo€Brief€Filed€By€Respondent/AppelleeĢĢConnie€ReguliĢ353€Wimpole€DriveĢNashville,€TN€37211ĢĢą  ąAttorney€for€Petitioner/AppellantĢĢĢą@0 0 ģą€€€€€€€€€€€€REVERSED€AND€REMANDEDˆĢĢĢą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ą€€€€€€ņ ņ€€Houston€M.€Goddard,€Presiding€Judgeó óŠ Ų)ü% ŠĢCONCUR:ĢĢFRANKS,€J.ĢCAIN,€J.ĢĢĢĢĢĢĢĢĢĢĢą  ąą ` ąŠ  F7j,5 ŠĢą@ąą$ģąņņO€P€I€N€I€O€NóóˆŠ 6 Ö ŠĢĢĢĢÓšÓÓÓą  ąą ` ąThis€case€concerns€issues€presented€by€theŠ d ŠFather/Appellant,€Frankie€Dewayne€Ferrell,€in€his€petition€toŠ Dä Šchange€custody€of€his€two€minor€children€from€theŠ $Ä  ŠMother/Appellee,€Ginger€Ashley€Ferrell.€€We€note€that€althoughŠ ¤  Šthe€Mother€was€represented€by€counsel€at€trial,€she€did€not€fileŠ ä„  Ša€brief€on€appeal.€€Š Äd ŠĢĢą  ąą ` ąAlthough€the€Father€enumerates€several€issues€in€hisŠ d Šbrief,€all€of€them€pertain€to€the€overarching€issue€of€whetherŠ Dä Šthe€Trial€Court€erred€in€allowing€the€Mother€to€retain€custody€ofŠ $!Ä Šthe€two€children.€€€He€also€raises€a€collateral€issue€ofŠ #¤ Šattorneyššs€fees€for€the€š šprevailingšš€party€under€Tennessee€CodeŠ ä$„ ŠAnnotated€šš€36„5„103(c)€in€a€change€of€custody€case.Š Ä&d  ŠŅ°ŅҰŅÓÓĢĢĢҰŅҰŅÓÓą  ąą ` ąWe€reverse€the€judgment€of€the€Trial€Court€and€awardŠ t+"% Šsole€custody€of€both€minor€children€to€the€Father€and€remand€toŠ T-ō#' Šthe€Trial€Court€for€imposition€of€a€supervised€visitation€planŠ 4/Ō%) Šfor€both€children€with€the€Mother.Š 1“'+ ŠĢĢą  ąą ` ą€Ō#†QXi¬XXVXi¬V#ŌThe€parties€were€divorced€on€October€14,€1992.€€TwoŠ “6T-1 Šchildren€were€born€of€the€marriage,€Mandy€and€Joey,€who€were€agesŠ ”84/3 Šeight€and€fifteen,€respectively,€at€the€time€of€the€change€ofŠ `  Šcustody€hearing.€€The€Marital€Dissolution€Agreement€awarded€theŠ @ ą ŠMother€sole€custody€and€control€of€both€children€at€the€time€ofŠ  Ą Šthe€divorce.€Š   Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąĢĢą  ąą ` ąOn€April€21,€1998,€the€Father€filed€a€petition€forŠ  @  Šchange€of€custody,€alleging€a€material€change€in€circumstancesŠ €  Šhad€occurred€since€the€entry€of€the€final€decree.€€The€change€wasŠ ` Šthat€both€children€had€come€to€live€with€him€since€the€divorceŠ @ą Šdecree€was€entered,€the€Mother€had€sought€only€limited€visitationŠ  Ą Šwith€both€children€since€they€had€lived€with€the€Father,€and€theŠ   ŠMother€had€failed€to€provide€child€support€for€both€children.׃Tׯ ƒK—Żņ ņņņŚ  Ś1Ś  Śó óóóŻ  Ż×  ׀€Š ą€ Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąĢą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąĢą  ąą ` ąDuring€the€change€of€custody€hearing,€the€FatherŠ €%  Štestified€that€he€was€seeking€a€change€of€custody€also€forŠ `'  Šmedical€reasons.€€He€explained€that€Mandy€became€ill€while€livingŠ @)ą" Šwith€him,€and€the€Mother€š šhad€full€custody€of€both€kids,€from€aŠ  +Ą!$ Šlegal€standpoint,€and€she€was€the€only€one€that€could,€basically,Š - #& Štake€them€to€the€doctor,€or€if€any€kind€of€emergency€came€up,€sheŠ ą.€%( Šwas€the€only€one€that€had€legal€custody€to€do€that.ššŠ Ą0`'* ŠĢŠ €4 +. Šą  ąą ` ąSince€May€1994,€Mandy€has€resided€with€the€FatherŠ `  Šbecause€of€an€alleged€incident€of€sexual€abuse€by€an€adult€maleŠ @ ą Šfriend€of€the€Mother.€€Joey€Farrell€has€resided€with€his€FatherŠ  Ą Šsince€January€1996.€€The€Father€testified€that€he€brought€Joey€toŠ   Šhis€home€in€January€1996€after€he€had€been€contacted€by€WrightŠ ą€ ŠMiddle€School€and€informed€that€Joey€was€not€attending€school.€Š Ą`  ŠThe€decision€for€Joey€to€live€with€the€Father€was€a€mutual€oneŠ  @  Šbetween€the€Father€and€the€Mother.€€€Š €  Šą  ąą ` ąĢĢą  ąą ` ąOn€June€22,€1998€an€order€was€entered€suspending€theŠ  Ą ŠMotherššs€visitation€with€her€daughter€Mandy€based€upon€a€letter€Š   Što€the€Court€by€the€counselor.€€In€this€same€order,€the€JudgeŠ ą€ Šappointed€a€guardian€ņņad€litemóó,€asked€himņņóó€to€visit€the€homes€ofŠ Ą!` Šboth€the€Mother€and€the€Father,€and€report€his€findings€at€theŠ  #@ Šhearing€on€July€28,€1998.€€Š €%  ŠĢĢą  ąą ` ąThe€Father€has€been€remarried€for€five€years,€and€hisŠ  +Ą!$ Šwifeššs€three€children€live€in€the€home€with€his€wife€and€him.€€HeŠ - #& Šhas€been€employed€in€the€same€job€for€fifteen€years.ņ ņó óŠ ą.€%( ŠŅe°ŅҰeŅĢĢą  ąą ` ąThe€Father€admitted€to€having€a€confrontation€with€JoeyŠ €4 +. Šover€an€incident€involving€drugs€and€told€the€Court€that€hisŠ `6-0 Šentire€family€was€in€counseling.€€The€Father€has€had€Joey€submitŠ @8ą.2 Što€drug€Ō_ŌscreeningsŌ_Ō€in€an€attempt€to€stop€his€abuse€of€drugs.€€TheŠ  :Ą04 ŠFather€expressed€his€belief€that€Joey€would€only€conform€to€rulesŠ `  Šlong€enough€to€get€what€he€wanted.Š @ ą Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąĢĢą  ąą ` ąThe€Father€acknowledged€that€he€was€disturbed€by€theŠ ą€ ŠMotherššs€behavior.€€He€testified€that€Joey€had€smoked€marijuanaŠ Ą`  Šand€that€Joey€told€him€that€he€had€gotten€the€marijuana€from€hisŠ  @  ŠMother.€€Some€of€the€Fatherššs€other€complaints€about€the€MotherŠ €  Šwere€that€she€had€lived€at€numerous€locations€and€had€beenŠ ` Ševicted€several€times;€she€currently€did€not€have€her€own€placeŠ @ą Što€live,€but€instead€lived€with€her€brother„in„law;€she€workedŠ  Ą Šnights€and€thus,€could€not€properly€supervise€Joey;€she€did€notŠ   Šhave€health€insurance€and€did€not€have€a€car;€and€she€had€livedŠ ą€ Šwith€her€husband,€who€had€an€inconsistent€work€history,€forŠ Ą!` Šseveral€years€and€had€gotten€married€just€before€the€hearing€onŠ  #@ Šthe€petition€to€change€custody.Š €%  Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąą p ąĢĢą  ąą ` ą€Moreover,€the€Father€felt€that€the€sexual€abuse€ofŠ  +Ą!$ ŠMandy€was€the€result€of€the€Motherššs€negligence€and€that€JoeyššsŠ - #& Špoor€attendance€record€at€school€was€due€to€her€failure€toŠ ą.€%( Šsupervise€Joey.Š Ą0`'* ŠĢĢą  ąą ` ąThe€Father€also€complained€that€before€the€hearing€onŠ `6-0 Šthe€petition€for€change€of€custody€and€without€notifying€him,€theŠ @8ą.2 ŠMother€picked€Joey€up€and€took€him€to€her€home.€€She€apparentlyŠ  :Ą04 Šrefused€to€allow€Joey€to€visit€with€the€Father,€so€the€FatherŠ `  Šfiled€a€motion€to€set€a€visitation€schedule.€€According€to€theŠ @ ą ŠFather,€Joey€exhibited€behavioral€changes€during€his€stay€withŠ  Ą Šhis€Mother:€he€burned€a€gang€symbol€into€his€skin;€he€had€beenŠ   Šwith€someone€who€stole€a€car;€and€he€changed€his€appearance€byŠ ą€ Šwearing€baggy€pants€and€by€shaving€his€eyebrows€and€his€head.Š Ą`  ŠĢĢą  ąą ` ąThe€Mother€testified€that€she€had€intended€to€get€herŠ ` Šname€on€the€lease€of€the€apartment€she€lived€in,€while€admittingŠ @ą Šthat€she€had€lived€at€as€many€as€nine€different€addresses€in€sixŠ  Ą Šyears€and€had€been€sued€for€eviction€three€times.€€In€response€toŠ   Šthe€Fatherššs€concern€that€she€did€not€have€a€car,€she€stated€thatŠ ą€ Šshe€hadņ ņó ó€purchased€a€car.€€She€admitted€that€she€got€married€justŠ Ą!` Šbefore€her€appearance€in€Court€for€the€change€of€custody€hearingŠ  #@ Šand€that€her€husband€had€an€inconsistent€work€history.€Š €%  ŠĢĢą  ąą ` ąThe€Mother€further€admitted€to€a€thirteen„year€historyŠ  +Ą!$ Šof€using€marijuana.€€She€also€admitted€that€when€Joey€and€MandyŠ - #& Šwere€younger€she€left€them€home€alone€with€a€man€she€had€knownŠ ą.€%( Šonly€a€couple€of€weeks€and€that€Mandy€was€sexually€abused€by€theŠ Ą0`'* Šman.€€Š  2@), Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąĢĢą  ąą ` ąMother€testified€that€if€Joey€smoked€cigarettes€in€herŠ @8ą.2 Šhome,€she€was€not€there€when€it€happened.€€She€stated€that€sheŠ  :Ą04 Šdid€not€smoke€marijuana€in€front€of€Joey,€but€did€admit€that€heŠ `  Šmay€have€walked€by€the€room€she€was€in€while€she€was€smoking€it.€€Š @ ą ŠShe€further€stated€that€if€Joey€used€marijuana€at€her€home,€sheŠ  Ą Šwould€drug€test€him€frequently€and€would€get€him€counseling.€Š   ŠHowever,€she€admitted€that€she€had€never€taken€Joey€for€a€drugŠ ą€ Štest€or€for€counseling.Š Ą`  Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąą p ąĢĢą  ąą ` ąWitnesses€other€than€the€parties€testified€as€follows:Š ` ŠĢÓ  ÓLISA€BARNEYŠ  Ą ŠĢÓ%1Óą  ąą ` ąShe€is€a€friend€of€Joeyššs.€€She€was€frequently€in€theŠ ą€ Šhome€of€the€Mother€and€that€she€had€seen€the€Mother€smokeŠ Ą!` Šmarijuana€about€every€weekend€and€that€Joey€was€present€duringŠ  #@ Šthis€time.€€She€had€seen€Joey€smoke€cigarettes€in€front€of€theŠ €%  ŠMother.€€€The€Mother€had€allowed€her€to€spend€the€night€at€herŠ `'  Šhome€while€Joey€was€there€and€that€she€and€Joey€had€sexualŠ @)ą" Šrelations€in€the€Motherššs€home.Š  +Ą!$ Šą@ģģ*ģąˆĢĢÓ  ÓJOHNNY€MYERS,€BY€DEPOSITIONŠ Ą0`'* ŠĢÓ©3Óą  ąą ` ą€Johnny€Myers,€the€husband€of€the€Mother,€wasŠ €4 +. Šunemployed€at€the€time€of€his€deposition€on€June€4,€1998.€€HeŠ `6-0 Šā āacknowledged€that€he€had€earned€$5,842€in€1995,€$13,655€in€1996,Š @8ą.2 Šand€$1,738€in€1997.€€He€did€not€have€a€driverššs€license€and€hadŠ `  Šnot€had€a€valid€driverššs€license€for€over€two€years.Š @ ą Šā āĢĢą  ąą ` ąHe€and€the€Mother€had€lived€together€for€approximatelyŠ ą€ Šfour€years€and€did€not€get€married€until€she€was€scheduled€toŠ Ą`  Šappear€in€court€on€the€petition€to€change€custody.€€He€had€seenŠ  @  Šthe€Mother€smoke€marijuana€on€more€than€one€occasion€in€theirŠ €  Šhome€and€within€the€last€year,€stating€that€she€would€smoke€aboutŠ ` Šonce€a€month.€€He€acknowledged€that€he€had€seen€Joey€smokeŠ @ą Šcigarettes€and€that€the€Mother€had€caught€Joey€smokingŠ  Ą Šcigarettes.Š   Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąĢĢą  ąą ` ąHe€and€the€Mother€had€lived€with€his€brother,€ThomasŠ  #@ ŠMyers,€for€about€a€year.€€He€identified€eight€addresses€at€whichŠ €%  Šthe€Mother€had€resided€during€the€last€five€years.€€When€Joey€wasŠ `'  Šat€the€residence,€he€slept€in€the€family€room.€€Furthermore,€heŠ @)ą" Šbelieved€Joey€was€able€to€supervise€himself€and€thus,€could€beŠ  +Ą!$ Šleft€alone€in€the€evening.€€Š - #& Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąĢą  ąĢÓ  ÓTHOMAS€MYERS,€BY€DEPOSITIONŠ  2@), ŠĢÓ“:Óą  ąą ` ąThe€Mother€had€resided€with€Thomas€Myers€forŠ `6-0 Šapproximately€one€year€at€the€time€of€the€trial.€€His€daughter,Š @8ą.2 ŠErin,€had€also€lived€in€the€home,€and€she€attended€only€thirtyŠ  :Ą04 Šdays€of€school€the€previous€year.€€Her€boyfriend,€Devon,€had€beenŠ `  Šsuspended€from€school€under€the€zero€tolerance€program€for€havingŠ @ ą Šmarijuana€and€a€knife€in€his€car€at€school.€€Devon€had€spent€theŠ  Ą Šnight€in€the€home€with€Erin.€€Thomas€Myers€had€seen€the€MotherŠ   Šsmoke€marijuana€in€the€home€more€than€once,€and€Johnny€Myers€hadŠ ą€ Šalso€smoked€marijuana.€€He€had€seen€Joey€smoke€cigarettes€in€theŠ Ą`  Šhome.€€Š  @  Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąą p ąĢĢą  ąą ` ąThe€Trial€Court€entered€a€Memorandum€Opinion€andŠ @ą ŠParenting€Plan€on€August€3,€1998.€€The€Court€noted€that€theŠ  Ą Šguardian€ņņad€litemóó€recommended€that€Joey€live€with€his€MotherŠ   Šduring€the€week€and€his€Father€on€the€weekends€because€that€is€aŠ ą€ Štime€š šwhen€he€is€most€prone€to€get€into€trouble.šš€€€The€Court€setŠ Ą!` Šout€a€list€of€guidelines€in€the€parenting€plan,€which€includedŠ  #@ Šmaintaining€a€minimum€grade€point€average€of€80;€participating€inŠ €%  Šcourt„ordered€drug€Ō_ŌscreeningsŌ_Ō;€attending€school€everyday;€showingŠ `'  Šrespect€to€his€teachers,€parents,€and€stepparents;€observing€aŠ @)ą" Šcurfew;€refraining€from€smoking€cigarettes;€and€not€altering€hisŠ  +Ą!$ Šbody€with€tattoos€or€body€piercing.€€If€the€guidelines€were€notŠ - #& Šmet,€the€Court€stated€that€the€Father€could€file€a€Motion€for€anŠ ą.€%( ŠImmediate€Change€of€Residential€Provisions.€€Š Ą0`'* Šą  ąĢĢą  ąą ` ąAn€order€was€also€entered€on€August€3,€1998€orderingŠ `6-0 ŠJoey€and€his€Mother€to€submit€to€drug€screenings€at€the€GeneralŠ @8ą.2 ŠSessions€Probation€office.Š  :Ą04 Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąĢĢą  ąą ` ąOn€August€13,€1998,€the€Father€filed€a€Motion€to€AlterŠ  Ą Šor€Amend€the€Judgment.€€Some€of€his€allegations€were€that€theŠ   ŠCourt€had€punished€him€by€setting€the€same€guidelines€on€theŠ ą€ Šchild€as€he€had€set€and€then€placing€the€child€with€the€MotherŠ Ą`  Šand€that€the€Father€had€been€the€primary€Ō_ŌcaregiverŌ_Ō.€€The€FatherŠ  @  Šfurther€asked€the€Court€to€make€the€Mother€provide€proof€that€sheŠ €  Šhad€changed€her€employment€schedule€and€had€added€her€name€on€theŠ ` Šlease€of€the€apartment€in€which€she€resided.€€The€Father€askedŠ @ą Šthat,€in€the€alternative,€the€Court€to€make€an€immediate€changeŠ  Ą Šof€custody€if€any€infractions€occurred€in€the€guidelines.Š   Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąĢĢą  ąą ` ąOn€September€25,€1998,€the€Father€filed€a€Motion€forŠ  #@ ŠImmediate€Change€of€Custody€because€the€Mother€failed€to€appearŠ €%  Šfor€her€drug€screenings,€and€on€October€2,€1998,€the€Father€filedŠ `'  Ša€Motion€for€Immediate€Change€of€Custody€because€Joey€hadŠ @)ą" Šviolated€his€curfew.€€On€October€7,€1998,€the€Court€entered€anŠ  +Ą!$ ŠOrder€on€the€Motion€to€Alter€or€Amend€the€Judgment,€which€leftŠ - #& Šthe€Parenting€Plan€in€place€and€ordered€Joey€to€follow€theŠ ą.€%( Šguidelines€imposed€by€the€Trial€Court.Š Ą0`'* Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąĢĢą  ąą ` ąOn€October€13,€1998,€the€Father€filed€a€supplement€toŠ `6-0 Šhis€Motion€for€Immediate€Change€of€Custody.€€The€Mother€hadŠ @8ą.2 Šmissed€another€drug€screening€and€had€failed€to€provide€the€CourtŠ  :Ą04 Šwith€a€copy€of€Joeyššs€report€card.€€On€October€19,€1998,€theŠ `  ŠCourt€filed€the€notices€from€the€General€Sessions€ProbationŠ @ ą Šoffice€that€the€Mother€had€failed€to€appear€for€drug€screeningsŠ  Ą Šon€two€previous€occasions,€and€on€that€same€date,€the€Court€filedŠ   Šthe€results€of€a€drug€screening€the€Mother€had€been€asked€to€takeŠ ą€ Šthe€day€she€appeared€in€Court€on€the€Motion€for€Immediate€ChangeŠ Ą`  Šof€Custody.€€The€results€from€that€drug€screening€showed€that€sheŠ  @  Šwas€under€the€influence€of€cocaine.Š €  ŠĢĢą  ąą ` ąThe€Father€filed€a€Notice€of€Appeal€on€October€30,Š  Ą Š1998.Ō‡VXi¬XXQXi¬Ōą ` ąŠ   ŠĢą  ąą ` ąThe€basis€of€the€Fatherššs€appeal€is€that€the€TrialŠ Ą!` ŠCourt€erred€in€allowing€the€Mother€to€retain€custody€of€bothŠ  #@ Šchildren.€€Specifically,€the€Father€contends€that€the€Trial€CourtŠ €%  Šerred€in€not€considering€the€Motherššs€voluntary€relinquishment€ofŠ `'  Šcustody€and€in€entering€an€order€reflecting€the€change€of€custodyŠ @)ą" Šthat€the€parties€had€already€implemented€and€that€the€Court€erredŠ  +Ą!$ Šin€not€making€an€immediate€change€of€custody€when€the€MotherŠ - #& Šfailed€to€appear€for€drug€screens€as€ordered€by€the€Court€insteadŠ ą.€%( Šof€the€Father€filing€a€motion.ą  ąą p ąŠ Ą0`'* ŠĢĢą  ąą ` ąIn€a€custody€case,€our€review€is€ņņde€novoóó€upon€theŠ `6-0 Šrecord€accompanied€by€a€presumption€of€correctness€under€RuleŠ @8ą.2 Š13(d)€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€Appellate€Procedure.€€We€mustŠ  :Ą04 Šaffirm,€unless€the€preponderance€of€evidence€is€otherwise.€€ņņHassŠ `  Šv.€Knightonóó,€676€S.W.2d€554,€555€(Tenn.€1984).€€The€noncustodialŠ @ ą Šparent€carries€the€burden€to€prove€changed€circumstances.€Š  Ą ŠņņMusselman€v.€Acuffóó,€826€S.W.2d€920,€922€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1991).Š   ŠTennessee€Code€Annotated€šš€36„6„101(a)(1)€provides€that€theŠ ą€ Šdecree€for€custody€š šshall€remain€within€the€control€of€the€courtŠ Ą`  Šand€be€subject€to€such€changes€or€modification€as€the€exigenciesŠ  @  Šof€the€case€may€require.ššŠ €  Šą  ąą ` ąĢĢą  ąą ` ąThere€is€no€definitive€rule€as€to€what€constitutesŠ  Ą Šchanged€circumstances.€€ņņDantzler€v.€Dantzleróó,€665€S.W.2d€385,€387Š   Š(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1983).€€š šššChanged€circumstancesšš€includes€anyŠ ą€ Šmaterial€change€of€circumstances€affecting€the€welfare€of€theŠ Ą!` Šchild€or€children€including€new€facts€or€changed€conditions€whichŠ  #@ Šcould€not€be€anticipated€by€the€former€decree.šš€ņņDalton€v.€Daltonóó,Š €%  Š858€S.W.2d€324,€326€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1993)€(citation€omitted).€€AŠ `'  Špartyššs€failure€to€comply€with€a€Trial€Court€order€regardingŠ @)ą" Šprohibited€use€of€alcohol€and€drugs€may€result€in€a€change€ofŠ  +Ą!$ Šcustody.€€ņņHooke€v.€Thompsonóó,€an€unreported€opinion€of€this€Court,Š - #& Šfiled€in€Nashville€on€October€4,€1995.Š ą.€%( Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąĢą  ąą ` ąą ø ąĢą  ąą ` ą€The€Father€has€been€employed€for€the€last€fifteenŠ €4 +. Šyears€and€has€been€remarried€for€the€last€five€years.€€Ō#†QXi¬XXVXi¬7N#ŌThe€recordŠ `6-0 Šshows€that€the€Father€has€hadņņóó€custody€of€his€two€children€for€aŠ @8ą.2 Šnumber€of€years€with€the€consent€of€the€Mother.€€The€frictionŠ  :Ą04 Šbetween€the€Father€and€Joey€appears€to€surface€when€the€FatherŠ `  Šattempts€to€correct€Joeyššs€errant€behavior€with€respect€to€hisŠ @ ą Šabuse€of€drugs.€€One€has€only€to€look€at€the€procedural€historyŠ  Ą Šof€this€case€to€see€the€efforts€of€the€Father€to€control€hisŠ   Šsonššs€behavior.€€The€Father€has€also€sought€counseling€for€hisŠ ą€ Šentire€family€and€has€even€required€his€son€to€undergo€drugŠ Ą`  Šscreenings€in€an€attempt€to€correct€his€sonššs€behavior.€€Š  @  Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąĢĢą  ąą ` ąThe€Mother,€on€the€other€hand,€admits€to€having€smokedŠ @ą Šmarijuana€over€a€thirteen„year€period,€and€according€to€theŠ  Ą Štestimony€of€several€witnesses€during€the€hearing,€has€smoked€itŠ   Šin€the€presence€of€Joey.€€The€Mother,€furthermore,€has€had€anŠ ą€ Šerratic€living€arrangement,€having€lived€at€numerous€addressesŠ Ą!` Šover€a€six„year€period€of€time.€€In€fact,€the€apartment€in€whichŠ  #@ Šshe€currently€resides€is€leased€to€her€husbandššs€brother,€ThomasŠ €%  ŠMyers.€€€Furthermore,€the€record€shows€that€Joey,€while€livingŠ `'  Šwith€his€Mother,€did€not€have€a€bedroom€in€which€to€sleep,€butŠ @)ą" Šslept€instead€in€the€family€room.€€The€record€further€shows€thatŠ  +Ą!$ ŠJoey€has€been€allowed€to€smoke€cigarettes€while€staying€with€hisŠ - #& ŠMother.€€There€was€also€testimony€that€Joey€was€allowed€to€spendŠ ą.€%( Šthe€night€with€female€teenager€while€at€the€Motherššs€residence,Š Ą0`'* Šand€that€the€two€teenagers€had€engaged€in€sexual€relations€at€theŠ  2@), ŠMotherššs€residence.€€In€addition,€the€Motherššs€residence€isŠ €4 +. Šfrequented€by€other€teenagers€who€would€provide€a€bad€influenceŠ `6-0 Šon€Joey.Š @8ą.2 ŠŅe°ŒŅą  ąą ` ąą ø ąŠ  :Ą04 Їą  ąą ` ąFinally,€we€are€most€troubled€by€the€Motherššs€continuedŠ `  Šdrug€abuse.€€We€note€that€the€Mother€and€Joey€both€have€failed€toŠ @ ą Šappear€for€court„ordered€drug€screenings,€and€on€one€occasionŠ  Ą Šwhen€the€Mother€was€tested,€the€test€showed€she€was€under€theŠ   Šinfluence€of€cocaine.€€€€€Š ą€ ŠĢĢą  ąą ` ąWe€believe€that€there€has€been€a€sufficient€change€inŠ €  Šcircumstances€established€by€a€preponderance€of€the€evidence€toŠ ` Šwarrant€a€change€in€the€custody€arrangements.€€The€Father€canŠ @ą Šprovide€a€stable€home€environment€for€both€Mandy€and€Joey,€andŠ  Ą Šthe€record€reveals€that€the€Father€has€never€attempted€to€keepŠ   Šthe€children€from€visiting€with€the€Mother.Š ą€ Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąą p ąą Č ąĢĢą  ąą ` ąUnder€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€šš€36„5„103(c),€theŠ €%  Šprevailing€party€in€an€action€for€a€change€of€custody€may€receiveŠ `'  Šattorneyššs€fees.€€In€light€of€our€decision€to€award€custody€ofŠ @)ą" Šboth€children€to€the€Father,€the€Father€is€awarded€his€attorneyššsŠ  +Ą!$ Šfees.Š - #& ŠĢĢą  ąą ` ąBased€on€the€foregoing,€we€reverse€the€judgment€of€theŠ  2@), ŠTrial€Court€and€award€sole€custody€of€both€children€to€the€FatherŠ €4 +. Šand€remand€to€the€Trial€Court€for€imposition€of€a€supervisedŠ `6-0 Švisitation€plan€for€both€children€with€the€Mother.€€The€Father€isŠ @8ą.2 Šawarded€his€attorneyššs€fees,€the€amount€of€which€will€beŠ  :Ą04 Šdetermined€by€the€Trial€Court€upon€remand.€€The€case€isŠ `  Šaccordingly€remanded€to€the€Trial€Court€for€imposition€of€aŠ @ ą Šsupervised€visitation€plan,€awarding€of€attorneyššs€fees€andŠ  Ą Šcollection€of€costs€below,€which€are,€as€are€costs€of€appeal,Š   Šadjudged€against€the€Mother.Š ą€ Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąą p ąą Č ąą  ąą x ąą Š ąą (# ąĢÓÓą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąą p ą_________________________Š  @  Šą  ąą ` ąą ø ąą  ąą h ąą Ą ąą  ąą p ąHouston€M.€Goddard,€P.J.Š 0  ŠĢĢCONCUR:Š ` ŠĢĢĢ_________________________Š  Ą ŠHerschel€P.€Franks,€J.Š ° Šą  ąĢĢĢ_________________________Š Š p ŠWilliam€B.€Cain,€J.Š Ą!` Š