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D/A/ Bp/˜HP LaserJet 4HPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLdÒ(ÈhH  Z 6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡ ¦[§¨E©ªE«¬®E¯°Ó€Úƒç"úÿÿú, ú3|x»&@FÐZ ‹8CaslonOpnface BT Regular((3üÝ$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô++++'ÿÿdxd d2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô&'(),./0 ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman< Œ 9p`(Courier New% Line 7 d;;;;7Border 1dd€-<Cþÿ << Gÿÿ< Œ 9p`(Arial Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€9ÔÝ  ÝÔ€>ÔÔ€>ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€>XÔÌÌò òSeptember€30,€1997ÌÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€>ôÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó èÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€9ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€:ÔÔ€:ôÔThe€trial€court€also€denied€Husbandððs€motion€styled€ð ðConspiracy€toÏDefraud€the€Courtðð€which€sought€punitive€damages€of€$60,000,€and€WifeððsÏð ðMotion€to€Tax€Costs€and€Expenses€on€[Husbandððs]€Motion€for€Conspiracy.ðð€ÏNeither€party€has€raised€any€issues€with€respect€to€these€rulings.Ì ¢Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€9ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€:ÔÔ€:ôÔWe€note,€in€passing,€that€Husband€contends€his€pension€is€not€subjectÏto€attachment€or€execution€under€Illinois€law.€€While€this€is€not€clear€fromÏthe€record,€it€may€explain€why€the€pension€was€not€apportioned€between€theÏparties.Ì YÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€9ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€:ÔÔ€:ôÔA€subsequent€appeal€to€this€court€was€required€to€establish€theÏeffective€date€of€our€modification.€€In€an€opinion€filed€September€3,€1991,€weÏheld€that€the€modification€was€effective€October€27,€1989,€the€date€of€theÏtrial€courtððs€property€division€decree.€€òòSee€ò òGivler›€v.€œGivler›ó óóó,€C/A€No.Ïœ03A01›„9104„CV„00134,€1991€WL€167155€(Court€of€Appeals,€Eastern€Section€atÏKnoxville,€September€3,€1991).Ì êÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€9ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€:ÔÔ€:ôÔThis€payment€was€apparently€made€as€agreed€to.Ì Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€9ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€:ÔÔ€:ôÔÓfæÓThese€Code€sections€provide€as€follows:ÌÌà àà8 àWhere€a€conveyance€or€obligation€is€fraudulent€as€to€aÏcreditor,€such€creditor,€when€the€claim€has€matured,Ïmay,€as€against€any€person€except€a€purchaser€for€fairÏconsideration€without€knowledge€of€the€fraud€at€theÏtime€of€the€purchase,€or€one€who€has€derived€titledÏimmediately€or€mediately€from€such€a€purchaser.Ìà àà8 à(1)€Have€the€conveyance€set€aside€or€obligationÏannulled€to€the€extent€necessary€to€satisfy€theÏcreditorððs€claim;€orÌà àà8 à(2)€Disregard€the€conveyance€and€attach€or€levyÏexecution€upon€the€property€conveyed.ÌÌT.C.A.›€ððÔ€:XÔ€Ô€:ôÔ66„3„310.ÌÌà àà8 àWhere€a€conveyance€made€or€obligation€incurred€isÏfraudulent€as€to€a€creditor€whose€claim€has€notÏmatured,€the€creditor€may€proceed€in€a€court€ofÏcompetent€jurisdiction€against€any€person€against€whomÏthe€creditor€could€have€proceeded€had€the€claimÏmatured,€and€the€court€may:Ìà àà8 à(1)€Restrain€the€defendant€from€disposing€of€theÏdefendantððs€property;Ìà àà8 à(2)€Appoint€a€receiver€to€take€charge€of€the€property;Ìà àà8 à(3)€Set€aside€the€conveyance€or€annul€the€obligation;ÏorÌà àà8 à(4)€Make€any€order€which€the€circumstances€of€the€caseÏmay€œrequire.̛̜T.C.A.›€ðð€66„3„312.Ì óÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€9ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€:ÔÔ€:ôÔA€photograph€of€their€house€was€received€into€evidence.Ì —Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€9ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€:ÔÔ€:ôÔHusband€was€ð ðunableðð€to€give€even€an€estimate€of€his€income€fromÏwoodworking.€€We€can€only€assume€there€was€some€net€income€to€justify€buildingÏa€$33,000€addition€to€the€house€to€accommodate€this€business€venture.Ì @Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€9ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€:ÔÔ€:ôÔThe€trial€court€referred€to€Husbandððs€woodworking€as€a€ð ðhobbyðð;€but€itÏis€clear€from€the€record€that€he€sells€his€products.Ì öÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€9ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€:ÔÔ€:ôÔIt€replaced€an€automobile€ð ðtotaledðð€in€the€accident.Ì Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€9ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€:ÔÔ€:ôÔGenerally€speaking,€a€payment€that€is€a€part€of€a€division€of€propertyÏis€not€enforceable€by€incarceration€for€contempt.€€òòSeeóó€Article€I,€Section€18,ÏTennessee€Constitution.€€òòSee€also€ò òMorris€v.€McLearen,ó óóó€C/A€No.€01A01„9007„CV„00256,€1991€WL€57984€(Court€of€Appeals,€Western€Section€at€Jackson,€AprilÏ19,€1991);€ò òòòRogers€v.€Rogersó óóó€(Court€of€Appeals,€Western€Section€at€Jackson,ÏJuly€22,€1981);€ò òòòMills€v.€Freyó óóó€(Court€of€Appeals,€Western€Section€atÏJackson,€August€11,€1980);€ò òòòLargent€v.€Largentó óóó€(Court€of€Appeals,€WesternÏSection€at€Jackson,€March€11,€1980).ÌPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'hStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÒ  h HD: Geneva Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€9ÔÝ  Ý›Ñ P ÑÑ\R AØ'\ÑÔ€:ÔÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ7€lÝXXdðdÈ7ÑÞ ÞÌà@ àIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌÌÌÌMARY€CAMILLE€œGIVLER›,à àà à€€)€C/A€NO.€œ03A01›„9702„CV„00061̜ـ€ÙßR€=?<A1-j|` Å `€€@ÿRß›à àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àPlaintiff„Appellant,€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìv.à àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)ÌDEAN€MARK€GIVLER,à àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àDefendant„Appellee.à à€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)€APPEAL€AS€OF€RIGHT€FROM€THEÌà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)€œBLOUNT›€COUNTY€CIRCUIT€COURTÌà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)ÌMARY€CAMILLE€GIVLER,à àà à€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àPlaintiff„Appellant,€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìv.à àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)ÌDEAN€MARK€GIVLER€and€wife,à à€€)ÌALMA€GIVLER,à àà àà àà à€€)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€)€HONORABLE€W.€DALE€YOUNG,Ìà àà àDefendants„Appellees.€)€JUDGEÌÌÌÌÌFor€Appellantà àà àà àà àà àFor€AppelleesÌÌJANET€L.€HOGANà àà àà àà àà àDEAN€M.€GIVLER,€œPro€Se›ÌHogan€&€Hogan,€œP.L.L.C.›à àà àà àœFriendsville›,€TennesseeÌKnoxville,€TennesseeÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àALMA€GIVLER,€œPro€Se›Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àœFriendsville›,€TennesseeÌÌÌÌÌÌÌà@ àÔ€ ÔÔ€  ÔO€P€I€N€I€O€NÔ€:ÔÔ€:XÔÌÌREVERSED€IN€PARTÌAFFIRMED€IN€PARTÌREMANDED€WITH€INSTRUCTIONSà àà àà àà àà àà àœSusano›,€J.ÇÓÓÑ  Ñà àà àThis€is€a€post„divorce€case.€€Mary€Camille€œFraley›Ï(ð ðWifeðð)€seeks€a€finding€that€her€former€husband,€Dean€Mark€œGivler›Ï(ð ðHusbandðð),€is€in€civil€contempt€of€court€because€of€his€allegedÏfailure€to€obey€the€trial€courtððs€order€to€pay€her€alimony€òòinÏfuturoóó€of€$500€per€month.€€By€way€of€a€counter„petition,€HusbandÏseeks€to€terminate€his€alimony€obligation;€his€application€isÏpredicated€on€an€alleged€change€in€the€partiesðð€circumstances.€ÏFollowing€a€bench€trial,€the€court€below€denied€Wifeððs€motion€forÏcontempt;€decreed€that€Husbandððs€alimony€obligation€was€ð ðsuspendedÏfrom€and€after€May€23,€1996";€and€dismissed€Wifeððs€ð ðCreditorsÏBill,ðð€a€lawsuit€that€had€been€transferred€to€the€trial€court€œfrom›Ïthe€œBlount›€County€Chancery€Court.× ƒ@ ××  ×€€Wife€appealed,€arguing€that€theÏtrial€court€erred€in€denying€her€motion€for€contempt€and€inÏdismissing€her€suit€in€chancery.€€She€also€contends€that€the€trialÏcourt€committed€error€when€it,€in€effect,€terminated€HusbandððsÏalimony€obligation.€€She€seeks€attorneyððs€fees€incurred€inÏconnection€with€this€appeal.ÌÌà àà àOur€review€is€òòde€novoóó;€however,€the€record€of€theÏproceedings€below€comes€to€us€accompanied€by€a€presumption€thatÏthe€trial€courtððs€findings€are€correct.€€Rule€13(d),€œT.R.A.P.›€€WeÏmust€honor€this€presumption€unless€the€evidence€preponderatesÏagainst€those€findings.€€òòIdóó.€€The€trial€courtððs€conclusions€of€lawÏare€not€afforded€the€same€deference.€€ò òòòUnion€Carbide€Corp.€v.ÏœHuddleston›ó óóó,€854€œS.W.2d›€87,€91€(Tenn.€1993).ÌÌà@ àI.€€òòThe€Divorce€JudgmentóóÌÌà àà àœWife›€filed€a€complaint€for€a€bed€and€board€œdivorce€onÏJune€3,€1989.›€She€subsequently€sought,€and€was€granted,€anÏabsolute€divorce€by€decree€entered€August€16,€1989.€€The€divorceÏwas€granted€pursuant€to€the€partiesðð€T.C.A.€ðð€36„4„129Ïstipulation.€€At€the€final€hearing,€the€parties€presented€proofÏregarding€an€equitable€division€of€their€property€and€debts.€ÏThese€issues€were€taken€under€advisement€by€the€trial€court.€€ItÏdecided€these€remaining€issues€in€a€memorandum€opinion€filedÏOctober€4,€1989,€which€memorandum€was€subsequently€memorialized€byÏa€final€decree€entered€October€27,€1989.€€As€pertinent€here,€theÏtrial€court€found€that€Husbandððs€ð ðbenefit€of€$1,659.93€per€monthÏunder€his€pension„retirement€plan€with€the€City€of€œNaperville›,ÍIllinois,€[was]€a€marital€asset,ðð€but€concluded€that€the€ð ðequitiesÏof€[the]€caseðð€were€such€that€the€pension€should€be€awardedÏtotally€to€Husband.ÌÌà àà àOn€appeal€to€this€court,€a€panel€of€the€Western€SectionÏmodified€the€trial€courtððs€judgment,€òòsee€ò òGivler€v.€Givleró óóó,€C/AÏNo.€181,€1990€WL€188676€(Court€of€Appeals,€Western€Section€atÏKnoxville,€December€3,€1990),€by€decreeing€as€follows:ÌÌÓÓà àà8 à.€.€.€we€award€the€plaintiff€$500€monthly€inÏthe€form€of€alimony€òòin€futuroóó.€€This€awardÏshall€continue€only€as€long€as€defendant€isÏalive€and€the€time€for€payment€shallÏcorrespond€to€defendantððs€monthly€receipt€ofÏhis€pension€check.€€Payment€to€plaintiff€shallÏbe€within€one€week€from€defendantððs€receipt€ofÏhis€pension€allowance€each€month.ÌÌòòÓÓIdóó.€1990€WL€188676€at€*4.œ× ƒA ××  ×›€€On€remand,€the€trial€court€entered€anÏorder€on€February€4,€1991,€setting€forth€the€modification€decreedÍby€this€court.× ƒB ××  ×ÌÌà@ àII.€€òòPrior€Post„Divorce€ProceedingsóóÌÌà àà àPrior€to€filing€the€subject€motion€for€œcivil€contempt,›ÏWife€had,€on€at€least€two€occasions,€filed€motions€seeking€toÏenforce€the€trial€courtððs€alimony€decree.€€One€motion€was€resolvedÏby€the€entry€of€an€agreed€order€on€October€7,€1992,€under€theÏterms€of€œwhich›€Husband€agreed€to€pay€$15,000€to€satisfy€allÏalimony€due€through€September€30,€1992.× ƒC ××  ×€€A€subsequent€motion€wasÏaddressed€by€the€entry€of€an€order€on€July€19,€1993,€awarding€WifeÏa€judgment€for€an€alimony€arrearage€of€$2,500.€€In€neither€ofÏthese€proceedings€did€the€trial€court€find€œHusband›€œin›€willfulÏcontempt,€despite€œhis€acknowledgement€in€both€cases›€that€he€hadÏnot€paid€œthe›€alimony€ordered€by€the€court.ÌÌà@ àIII.€€òòThe€Current€ProceedingsóóÌÌà àà àThe€current€litigation€œbegan›€when€Wife€filed€a€motionÏfor€œcivil€contempt›€on€February€16,€1996.€€In€denying€WifeððsÏmotion,€the€trial€court€made€the€following€findings:ÌÌÓÓà àà8 àIt€is€clear€from€the€proof€that€Defendant€hasÏutilized€his€only€source€of€income,€hisÏretirement€pension,€for€the€payment€of€otherÏdebts,€including€his€living€expenses.€€DespiteÏthe€fact€that€the€Court€finds€that€Mr.€GivlerÏtook€available€funds€and€diverted€them€to€theÏpayment€of€other€debt€obligations€instead€ofÏcomplying€with€the€Court„imposed€obligation€toÏmake€regular€periodic€payment€of€alimony,€theÏCourt€is€unable€to€find€that€Mr.€Givler€is€inÏwillful€contempt€of€the€Courtððs€order.ÌÌÌÌÓÓThe€trial€court€ð ðsuspendedðð€Husbandððs€alimony€obligation,€findingÏthatÌÌÓÓà àà8 à.€.€.€œDefendant›€suffers€from€heart€disease,Ïresulting€in€the€total€blockage€of€one€arteryÏand€the€partial€blockage€of€two€additionalÏarteries.€€The€undisputed€testimony€of€recordÏis€that€Defendantððs€heart€condition€is€acuteÏand€that€it€prohibits€him€from€engaging€inÏgainful€employment,€at€this€time.ÌÌà àà8 àDefendantððs€health€condition€constitutes€aÏsubstantial€and€material€change€inÏcircumstances€and€the€Court€is€of€the€opinionÏthat€Defendantððs€alimony€obligation€should€beÏsuspended€from€and€after€May€23,€1996€andÏuntil€further€orders€of€the€Court.ÌÌÌÌÓÓFinally,€as€pertinent€here,€the€court€dismissed€Wifeððs€complaintÏin€chancery€seeking€the€appointment€of€a€receiver€of€HusbandððsÏassets,€which€complaint€is€based€on€his€alleged€efforts€to€defraudÏhis€creditor,€i.e.,€his€former€wife.€€In€so€doing,€the€trial€courtÏstated€that€Wife€had€failed€to€establish€that€Husband€hadÏð ðemployed€any€fraudulent€conveyances€of€property€or€other€devicesÏ.€.€.€for€the€purpose€of€hindering€and€delaying€creditors.ððÌÌÇœ›à@ àIV.€€òòWifeððs€Suit€in€ChanceryóóÌÌà àà àWifeððs€complaint€in€chancery€alleges€that€Husband€andÏhis€present€wife,€Alma€Givler,€who€was€also€named€as€a€partyÏdefendant€in€the€chancery€complaint,€œhave›€ð ðdevised€and€enteredÏinto€a€scheme€to€defraud€or€constructively€have€defraudedðð€WifeÏwith€respect€to€Husbandððs€alimony€obligation.€€The€complaintÏrelies€upon€the€provisions€of€T.C.A.€ðð€29„12„101:ÌÌÓÓà àà8 àAny€creditor,€without€first€having€obtained€aÏjudgment€at€law,€may€file€his€bill€in€chanceryÏfor€himself,€or€for€himself€and€otherÏcreditors,€to€set€aside€fraudulent€conveyancesÏof€property,€or€other€devices€resorted€to€forÏthe€purpose€of€hindering€and€delayingÏcreditors,€and€subject€the€property,€by€saleÏor€otherwise,€to€the€satisfaction€of€the€debt.ÌÌÌÌÓÓœThe€complaint›€seeks€the€appointment€of€a€receiver€and€alleges€thatÏWife€is€entitled€to€the€remedies€set€forth€in€T.C.A.€ðððð€66„3„310Íand€66„3„312.œ× ƒD ××  ×›ÌÌà àà àOur€review€of€the€record€does€not€persuade€us€that€theÏevidence€preponderates€against€the€trial€courtððs€finding€that€WifeÏfailed€to€prove,€by€a€preponderance€of€the€evidence,€that€HusbandÏœhas›€engaged€in€ð ðfraudulent€conveyances€of€property,€or€otherÏdevices€resorted€to€for€the€purpose€of€hindering€and€delayingÍcreditors,...ðð€€òòSee€óóT.C.A.€ðð€29„12„101.€€In€deciding€this€matter,Ïthe€trial€court€obviously€believed€Husband€and€his€wife€when€theyÏtestified€that€they€did€not€place€their€new€residence€in€theirÏjoint€names€œor›€establish€their€bank€accounts€in€Tennessee€andÏIllinois€for€the€purpose€of€fraudulently€placing€Husbandððs€assetsÏbeyond€the€reach€of€execution.€€ð ð[œO]n›€an€issue€which€hinges€onÏwitness€credibility,€[the€trial€court]€will€not€be€reversedÏunless,€other€than€the€oral€testimony€of€the€witnesses,€there€isÏfound€in€the€record€clear,€concrete€and€convincing€evidence€to€theÏcontrary.ðð€€ò òòòTennessee€Valley€Kaolin€v.€Perryó óóó,€526€S.W.2d€488,Ï490€(Tenn.App.€1974).€€We€are€unable€to€say€that€the€transactionsÏ„„€in€and€of€themselves€„„€belie€the€testimony€of€Husband€and€hisÏpresent€wife€that€the€transactions€in€question€were€not€fraudulentÏin€nature€or€not€otherwise€such€as€to€trigger€the€application€ofÏT.C.A.€ðð€29„12„101.€€Wifeððs€issue€as€to€the€complaint€in€chanceryÏis€found€to€be€without€œmerit.ÌÌ›à@ àV.€€òòTermination€of€AlimonyóóÌÌà àà àWife€contends€that€the€trial€court€erred€when€itÏð ðsuspendedðð€Husbandððs€alimony€obligation€effective€May€23,€1996,Ïthe€date€on€which€he€filed€his€counter„petition.€€We€agree.ÌÌà àà àA€ð ðcourt€may€decree€an€increase€or€decrease€of€[an]Ïallowance€[of€œspousal›€support]€only€upon€a€showing€of€aÏsubstantial€and€material€change€of€circumstances.ðð€€T.C.A.€ðð€36„5„101(a)(1).€€The€requirement€of€a€substantial€and€material€changeÏof€circumstances€is€consistent€with€the€legal€principle€that€aÏcourt€decree€is€òòres€judicataóó€as€to€the€facts€existing€at€the€timeÏof€the€earlier€decree.€€ò òòòHicks€v.€Hicksó óóó,€176€S.W.2d€371,€374„75Ï(Tenn.App.€1943).€€In€ò òòòElliot€v.€Elliotó óóó,€825€S.W.2d€87€(Tenn.App.Ï1991),€we€addressed€the€principles€applicable€to€a€petition€toÏmodify€an€alimony€award:ÌÌÓÓà àà8 àThe€party€seeking€relief€on€the€grounds€ofÏchanged€circumstances€has€the€burden€ofÏproving€the€changed€circumstances€justifyingÏan€increase€or€decrease€in€the€amount€of€theÏalimony€award.€€(citation€omitted).€€TheÏchange€in€circumstances€must€be€shown€to€haveÏoccurred€after€the€entry€of€the€divorceÏdecree,€and€must€not€have€been€foreseeable€atÏthe€time€the€decree€was€entered€into.€Ï(citation€omitted).€€Changes€in€circumstancesÏare€not€material€if€such€changes€were€in€theÏcontemplation€of€the€parties€at€the€time€theyÏentered€into€the€Support€and€AlimonyÏAgreement.€€(citation€omitted).ÌœÌÌ›ÌòòÓÓIdóó.€at€90.ÌÌà àà àIn€determining€where€the€preponderance€of€the€evidenceÏlies€on€the€question€of€whether€Husbandððs€alimony€obligationÏshould€be€suspended€or€terminated,€we€focus€on€the€partiesððÏcircumstances€at€the€time€of€the€divorce€and€those€existing€at€theÏtime€of€the€most€recent€hearing€below.ÌÌà àà àAt€the€time€of€the€divorce,€Husbandððs€pension€wasÏ$1,659.93;€by€the€time€of€the€most€recent€hearing,€it€hadÏincreased€to€$2,139.€€Wife€was€employed€in€October,€1989;€throughÏno€fault€of€her€own,€she€was€unemployed€when€this€matter€was€heardÏon€August€13,€1996.€€Since€the€divorce,€Husband€and€his€new€wifeÏhave€moved€into€a€new,€very€attractive× ƒE ××  ×€house€containing€over€2,700Ïsquare€feet.€€In€1995,€they€built€a€1,089€square€foot€addition€toÏaccommodate€Husbandððs€woodworking€business.× ƒF ××  ×€€While€HusbandððsÏmonthly€expense€payments€total€$2,217.39,€many€of€the€items€on€hisÏlist€are€joint€expenses.€€The€present€Mrs.€Givler€earnsÏapproximately€$15,000€gross€per€year.€€In€fairness,€some€of€theseÍexpenses€„„€such€as€the€first€mortgage€„„€are€properly€allocatedÏfifty€percent€as€a€charge€against€her€income.ÌÌà àà àSince€the€divorce,€Husband€and€his€wife€have€purchased€aÏ$7,000€van€and€built€the€previously„mentioned€addition€to€theirÏhouse€at€a€cost€of€$33,000.ÌÌà àà àœHusband€relies,€as€did€the›€trial€court,€œupon›€his€heartÏdisease€as€justification€for€the€ð ðsuspensionðð€of€his€alimony.€€TheÏevidence€preponderates€against€such€a€finding.€€In€the€firstÏplace,€Husbandððs€basic€heart€problem€is€not€a€change€inÏcircumstances;€Husband€suffered€a€heart€attack€in€1987,€òòprior€toÏthe€divorceóó.€€Furthermore,€his€heart€disease€does€not€prevent€himÏfrom€receiving€his€pension€check€or€from€pursuing€his€woodworkingÏbusiness.× ƒG ××  ×€€He€did€testify€that€one€of€his€arteries€was€completelyÏœblocked,›€while€two€others€were€partially€blocked.€€Since€there€wasÏno€showing€that€Husband€was€an€expert€in€heart€disease,€it€isÏclear€that€this€was€hearsay€testimony€„„€hardly€œpersuasive›Ïevidence€of€the€conditions€described.€€There€was€absolutely€noÏexpert€testimony€that€Husbandððs€heart€disease€had€worsened€sinceÍthe€œdivorce,›€and€no€testimony€of€any€kind€that€it€was€impairingÏhis€ability€to€function€as€a€normal€human€being.ÌÌà àà àHusband€also€points€to€the€fact€that€Wifeððs€daughterÏlives€with€her€and€helps€with€the€expenses.€€He€also€relies€uponÏthe€fact€that€Wife€settled€a€personal€injury€claim€for€a€net€ofÏ$17,000.€€The€proceeds€of€the€settlement€were€used€to€buy€anÏautomobile× ƒH ××  ×€for€œWife.€€Her›€daughterððs€payment€of€$140€per€week€„„Ïsome€$600€per€month€„„€was€less€than€the€mortgage€on€WifeððsÏresidence€($667.69)€and€was€hardly€sufficient€to€defray€WifeððsÏmonthly€expenses€of€some€$2,158.€€œWifeððs›€unemployment€compensationÏof€$251€per€week€was€not€only€temporary€in€nature,€but€was€alsoÏnot€œenough,€even€when€coupled€with€her€daughterððs€payment,›€toÏdefray€œher›€monthly€expenses.ÌÌà àà àWife€argues€that€Husbandððs€obligation€to€pay€her€$500Ïper€month€is€really€a€part€of€the€division€of€the€partiesðð€maritalÏproperty,€and€thus€not€subject€to€modification€in€any€event.€€SheÏrelies€upon€the€case€of€ò òòòœTowner›€v.€œTowner›ó óóó,€858€S.W.2d€888€(Tenn.Ï1993).€€In€ò òòòœTowner›,ó óóó€the€Supreme€Court€dealt€with€a€ð ðœspousal›Ísupportðð€provision€in€a€Property€Dissolution€Agreement€œthat›Ïcontained€the€following€language:ÌÌÓÓà àà8 àThe€œspousal›€support/alimony€is€specifically€inÏconsideration€of€the€wife€waiving€any€right€toÏthe€husbandððs€military€retirement€andÏtherefore€shall€continue€for€the€lifetime€ofÏthe€husband.ÌÌÌÌÓÓòòIdóó.€at€889.€€The€Supreme€Court€in€ò òòòœTowner›ó óóó€held€that€the€partiesððÏagreement,€ð ðconsidered€in€light€of€all€the€circumstances,€isÏessentially€a€property€settlement€agreement,€rather€than€an€orderÏof€support.ðð€€òòIdóó.€at€891.ÌÌà àà àWe€believe€that€the€facts€of€the€instant€case€areÏdistinguishable€from€those€of€ò òòòœTowner›ó óóó.€€Here,€the€subject€decreeÏspecifically€recites€that€the€payment€is€ð ðin€the€form€of€alimonyÏòòin€futuroóó.ðð€€While€the€decree€does€refer€to€Husbandððs€pensionÏcheck,€it€does€so€only€as€a€point€of€reference€„„€ð ðthe€time€forÏpayment€[of€the€alimony€òòin€futuroóó]€shall€correspond€to€defendantððsÏmonthly€receipt€of€his€pension€check.ðð€€In€ò òòòœTowner›ó óóó,€the€payment€toÏwife€was€ð ðin€consideration€of€the€wife€waiving€any€right€to€theÏhusbandððs€military€retirement,ðð€a€òòquid€pro€quoóó€as€it€were.€Ïð ð[œC]onsidered›€in€light€of€all€the€circumstances,ðð€òòsee€ò òœTowner›ó óóó€atÍ891,€we€find€that€the€payment€before€us€is,€as€stated€by€theÏcourt,€ð ðalimony€òòin€œfuturoóó,ðð›€and€not€a€part€of€the€division€ofÏproperty.€€In€so€holding,€we€recognize€that€our€award€of€alimonyÏòòin€futuroóó€was€prompted€by€our€finding€that€the€award€of€the€entireÏpension€to€Husband€was€not€equitable;€but€this€does€not€mean€thatÏour€award€is€a€division€of€that€asset.€€A€court,€in€consideringÏalimony,€is€entitled€to€œweigh›€ð ð[œt]he›€provisions€made€with€regardÏto€the€marital€property€as€defined€in€[œT.C.A.›]€ðð€36„4„121.ðð€€òòSeeÏóóœT.C.A.›€ðð€36„5„101(d)(1)(H).€€This€is€what€occurred€in€this€case.€ÏWe€hold€that€the€award€in€this€case€is€periodic€alimony€òòin€futuroóó,Ïmodifiable€under€appropriate€circumstances,€and€enforceable€byÏinvocation€of€the€courtððs€contempt€power€if€the€failure€to€pay€isÏœwillful.× ƒI ××  ×›ÌÌà àà àWhile€finding€that€the€subject€payment€is€periodicÏalimony€òòin€futuroóó€and€hence€subject€to€modification,€we€œconclude,Ïin€this€case,›€that€there€has€been€no€showing€of€a€change€ofÍcircumstances€justifying€a€change€in€that€payment.€€Accordingly,Ïso€much€of€the€trial€courtððs€judgment€as€suspends€HusbandððsÏalimony€obligation€as€of€May€23,€1996,€is€hereby€reversed.ÌÌà@ àVI.€€òòContempt€PetitionóóÌÌà àà àWe€find€that€the€evidence€preponderates€against€theÏtrial€courtððs€finding€that€Husband€is€not€in€willful€contempt.€ÏThe€instant€case€is€at€least€the€third€time€that€the€trial€courtÏhas€failed€to€find€Husband€in€contempt€even€though€HusbandððsÏmonthly€pension€benefit€„„€which€prompted€our€award€of€œspousal›Ïsupport€in€the€first€œplace›€„„€has€increased€from€$1,659.93€perÏmonth€to€$2,139.€€The€trial€courtððs€most€recent€determination€ofÏno€willful€contempt€flies€in€the€face€of€his€finding,€which€isÏsupported€by€overwhelming€evidence,€that€Husband€ð ðtook€availableÏfunds€and€diverted€them€to€the€payment€of€other€debt€obligationsÏinstead€of€complying€with€the€court„imposed€obligation€to€makeÏregular€periodic€payment€of€alimony.ððÌÌà àà àWhen€reduced€to€its€simplest€œterms,›€Husbandððs€òòrealóóÏcomplaint€is€with€this€courtððs€òòoriginalóó€award€of€alimony.€€ThisÏcan€be€seen€from€his€comments€in€the€record:ÌÌÓÓà àà8 à...this€whole€thing€was€just€shoved€down€ourÏthroat,€and€there€is€no€logic€behind€it.€ÏThere€is€no€logic€behind€the€Court€of€AppealsÏtaking€$500€from€$1,659.ÌÌà@ à*€€€€*€€€€*ÌÌà àà8 àI€didnððt€even€consider€that€the€appeals€courtÏwould€come€out€with€a€decision€like€they€did.ÌÌà@ à*€€€€*€€€€*ÌÌà àà8 àI€donððt€understand€their€logic€or€lack€ofÏlogic.ÌÌÌÌÓÓHe€also€argues€that€he€relied€upon€the€trial€courtððs€originalÏdecree€and€undertook€obligations€when€the€first€appeal€to€thisÏcourt€was€pending.€€He€says€these€new€obligations€„„€including€hisÏremarriage€„„€now€place€him€in€a€position€where€it€is€nowÏimpossible€for€him€to€comply€with€the€courtððs€alimony€decree.€ÏThere€are€at€least€three€answers€to€this€argument.€€First,€HusbandÏrelied€upon€the€trial€courtððs€divorce€judgment€at€and€to€his€perilÏsince,€as€he€knew,€the€division€of€property€was€being€questionedÏon€appeal.€€He€relied€upon€a€judgment€that€he€knew€full€well€wasÏnot€final,€and€he€will€not€now€be€heard€to€complain.€€Second,€hisÏvoluntary€assumption€of€new€obligations€does€not€excuse€hisÏfailure€to€comply€with€the€court„imposed€alimony€obligation.€€òòSeeÏò òCannon€v.€Cannonó óóó,€34€œTenn.App›.€568,€241€œS.W.2d›€435€(1951);Íò òòòJohnson€v.€Johnsonó óóó,€499€œS.W.2d›€268,€271€(œTenn.App›.€1973);€ò òòòJonesÏv.€Jonesó óóó,€784€œS.W.2d›€349,€353€(œTenn.App›.€1989);€and€ò òòòBradshaw€v.ÏBradshawó óóó,€23€œTenn.App›.€359,€133€œS.W.2d›€617,€619€(1939).€€Finally,Ïdespite€his€protestations€to€the€Ñ „ Ñœcontrary,›€it€is€obvious€to€usÏthat€he€òòdoesóó€have€the€funds€from€which€the€alimony€can€and,Ïœaccording€to›€law,€must€be€paid.€€The€Court€of€Appeals€decreed€theÏalimony€obligation€because€of€the€inequitable€allocation€by€theÏtrial€court€of€the€$1,659.93€monthly€pension€payment.€€ThatÏpayment€is€now€$2,139.€€ÌÌà àà àFor€all€of€the€foregoing€reasons,€the€judgment€of€theÏtrial€court€denying€Wifeððs€motion€for€œcivil€contempt›€is€herebyÏœreversed.€€We€find€Husband€in€civil€contempt.€€We€further€findÏthat€he€has€the€ability€to€pay€the€court„ordered€alimony€and€henceÏthe€ability€to€purge€himself€of€his€civil€contempt.›ÌÌà àà àThis€matter€is€remanded€to€the€trial€court€for€the€entryÏof€an€order€decreeing€the€following:Ìà àà à1.€€Denying€Husbandððs€counter„petition€to€terminate€hisÏalimony€obligation.Ìà àà à2.€€Finding€Husband€in€willful€œcivil€contempt›€of€courtÏand€ordering€that€he€be€incarcerated€until€he€demonstrates€aÏwillingness€to€pay€the€alimony€decreed€by€the€court.Ìà àà à3.€€Awarding€Wife€a€judgment€for€alimony€arrearage,€toÏinclude€any€previous€awards€that€have€not€been€paid;€saidÏarrearage€to€also€include€all€alimony€due€and€unpaid€up€to€theÏentry€of€the€order€on€remand.Ìà àà à4.€€Providing€that€the€arrearage€is€to€be€paid€at€theÏrate€of€$250€per€month€until€paid€in€full.Ìà àà à5.€€Providing€that€Husbandððs€initial€payment€of€$750Ï(regular€$500€payment€plus€$250€payment€on€arrearage)€is€to€be€inÏWifeððs€hands€on€or€before€October€œ22,›€1997,€and,€thereafter€inÏsubsequent€months,€within€one€week€of€the€deposit€of€HusbandððsÏpension€check€to€his€bank€account.€€The€order€will€direct€HusbandÏÑ ° Ñœto›€forthwith€advise€Wife€of€the€day€of€the€month€on€which€theÏdeposit€is€normally€made.Ìà àà à6.€€Suspending€the€order€of€incarceration€and€providingÏthat,€so€long€as€Husband€makes€the€$750€monthly€payment€specifiedÏherein,€beginning€with€the€payment€due€October€18,€1997,€he€willÏbe€deemed€purged€of€his€contempt.€€If€Husband€fails€to€make€theÏaforesaid€$750€monthly€payments€in€a€timely€fashion,€Wife€shallÏfile€an€affidavit€with€the€trial€court€setting€forth€HusbandððsÏfailure€to€comply€with€the€courtððs€order.€€Upon€the€filing€of€aÏmotion€on€Wifeððs€behalf€calling€her€affidavit€to€the€attention€ofÏthe€court,€the€court€will€enter€an€order€requiring€Husband€toÍappear€and€show€cause,€if€any€he€has,€why€the€suspension€of€theÏincarceration€order€should€not€be€revoked€and€Husband€immediatelyÏincarcerated€until€he€demonstrates€a€willingness€to€obey€theÏcourtððs€order.Ìà àà à7.€€Providing€that€all€costs€below€associated€with€theÏmotion€for€contempt€and€the€counter„petition€to€terminate€alimonyÏare€taxed€against€Husband.Ìà àà à8.€€Awarding€Wife€a€reasonable€amount€œagainst€Husband€as›Ïan€allowance€on€her€attorneyððs€fees€and€expenses€for€servicesÏperformed€on€this€appeal.Ìà àà à9.€€Providing€that€the€provisions€of€the€order€to€beÏentered€on€remand€dealing€with€the€liquidation€of€the€arrearageÏare€without€prejudice€to€Wifeððs€statutory€execution€rights.ÌÌà àà àUnder€the€circumstances€of€this€case,€we€deem€itÏappropriate€that€the€aforesaid€order€will€also€provide€that€thisÏmatter€œbe›€transferred€to€another€judge€œof€the€5th€JudicialÏDistrict€for›€any€further€œproceedings€that€may€be€necessary.›ÌÌà àà àœIn€this€case,€Wife€sought€the€assistance€of€the€court€inÏsecuring€the€payment€of€Husbandððs€court„ordered€obligation.€€òòSeeÏò òSherrod€v.€Wix,ó óóó€849€S.W.2d€780,€786€n.4€(Tenn.App.€1992).€€WeÍfind,€by€clear€and€convincing€evidence,€that€Husband€has€theÏnecessary€funds€every€month€„„€a€monthly€pension€benefit€of€$2,139Ï„„€to€pay€Wife€the€$500€per€month€alimony€òòin€futuroóó€ordered€by€theÏcourt.€€ð ðIf€the€contempt€consists€in€an€omission€to€perform€an€actÏwhich€it€is€yet€in€the€power€of€the€person€to€perform,€he€may€beÏimprisoned€until€he€performs€it.ðð€€T.C.A.€ðð€29„9„104.€€HusbandððsÏomission€to€pay€Wife€is€properly€classified€as€civil€contempt.€€ð ðAÏcivil€contempt€is€one€where€a€person€refuses€or€fails€to€complyÏwith€an€order€of€the€court€and€punishment€is€meted€out€for€theÏbenefit€of€a€party€litigant.ðð€€ò òòòGarrett€v.€Forest€Lawn€MemorialÏGardens,€Inc.ó óóó,€588€S.W.2d€309,€315€(Tenn.App.€1979).ÌÌà àà àHusband€has€the€financial€ability€„„€and€we€have€givenÏhim€the€power€„„€to€avoid€incarceration.€€He€has€the€keys€to€theÏjail€in€his€own€pocket.€€We€can€only€hope€that€Husband€will€avoidÏimprisonment€by€complying€with€the€order€to€be€entered€on€remand.›ÌÌà àà àThe€appellantððs€motion€to€disregard€the€appelleesðð€briefÏis€denied.€€œThe›€appelleesðð€motion€to€dismiss€this€appeal€is€alsoÏdenied.ÌÌà àà àExcept€as€changed€by€the€terms€of€this€opinion,€theÏjudgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed.€€Costs€on€appeal€areÏtaxed€œagainst€the€appellees,€Dean€Mark€Givler€and€Alma€Givler.›ÌÌÓÓà àà àà àà àà àà àà à__________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àCharles€D.€œSusano›,€Jr.,€J.ÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ_________________________ÌDon€T.€œMcMurray›,€J.ÌÌÌÌ_________________________ÌWilliam€H.€œInman›,€œSr.J.›