ÿWPC^  6# UN %] 0 (cw@‹4Ëß 0 lî 0DZ AQž 0Jï 0T9 0^ 0hë 0rS 0|Å 0†A 0Ç 1uW 0dÌ U >0 B)n B— Æ´ 0Dz 0@¾ 0Dþ DCB D/… AM´ B D3 U*Q ý{ hxâà·Âîy?g)¦ßÏ_®v~ vÓ‹˜HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLhÎ(ÈhH  Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡ Œ  Ž  £‘’“Ó€žê‚_#!3|xž((3üÝ$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó!"#$&Cþÿ<< Cÿÿ2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô  ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman% Line 7 d dƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó7Border 1dd(('÷ÿ dxd!#%Cþÿ << GÿÿüÿP Pd 'ÿÿdxd< Œ 9p`(Arial óÝ ƒ!ÝÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ""ÝÝ  ÝÔ€*ÔÔ€*ÔÓ  Óò òÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€*XÔÌÌDecember€17,€1997ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔ  Ôó ó ^Ý ƒ!ÝÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝAs€will€be€discussed€in€more€detail€hereinafter,€Hurline,€individually,€and€theÏconservatorship€also€appealed;€however,€suit€was€actually€filed€only€against€McNamara,€as€theÏguardian€of€her€son€and€sought€to€recover€against€her€personally.Ì ØÝ ƒ!ÝÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝIn€the€letter,€McNamara€also€requests€a€monthly€report€from€the€facility€regarding€herÏsonððs€progress.Ì ­Ý ƒ!ÝÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝThe€record€indicates€that€McNamara€was€a€resident€of€Colorado.Ì äÝ ƒ!ÝÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝThe€pleading€states€that€since€the€trial€courtððs€April€1996€order€Hutchins€had€readmittedÏMatthew€to€21st€Century.Ì 5Ý ƒ!ÝÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝThe€record€includes€a€letter€from€Hutchins€to€McNamara,€dated€January€10,€1996,Ïindicating€that€McNamara€was€notified€in€September€1994€that€she€would€need€to€find€alternativeÏliving€arrangements€for€her€son€and€that€ð ðrepeated€correspondenceðð€had€occurred€between€the€twoÏregarding€payment€of€the€incurred€fees.€€The€letter€also€requests€that€McNamara€reply€in€writingÏwith€her€plans€for€her€sonððs€future€care,€both€physically€and€financially.€€Ì Ý ƒ!ÝÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝThis€order€also€authorized€Appellees€ð ðto€deliver€and€place€[Matthew]€into€the€supervisionÏand€control€of€[McNamara]ðð€and€to€transport€him€to€her€in€Colorado€if€necessary.Ì ÕÝ ƒ!ÝÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝThis€amount€represents€the€fees€incurred€for€Hurlineððs€care€from€December€1994€toÏAugust€6,€1996.€€Ì UÝ ƒ!ÝÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝT.C.A.€ðð€34„11„123€also€provides,€in€part:ÌÌò òà8 àSummons€to€appear€for€abuse,€mismanagement€or€failure€to€perform€„„€Removal€„„€Submission€of€matter€to€district€attorney€generalððsÏoffice.€„„ó ó€The€court€in€its€discretion€may€summon€a€fiduciary€to€appear€before€theÏcourt€and€may,€if€cause€be€shown,€remove€such€fiduciary€for€any€abuse,Ïmismanagement,€neglect€or€failure€to€perform€the€duties€of€fiduciary€as€set€forth€inÏthis€chapter€and€chapters€12€and€13€of€this€title.ÌPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHØ(d'`Styl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  ion-F Geneva ÒÒ  ion-F Geneva ÒÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÓ` Ü` p”XÓò òÑ\R AØ'\ÑÞ ÞÌà@ àIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEE,€WESTERN€SECTIONÌà@ àAT€NASHVILLEó óÌÌà@ à_______________________________________________________ÌÌà à)Ìò òIN€RE:€THE€CONSERVATORSHIPó óà à)à àSumner€County€Probate€Ìò òOF€MATTHEW€HURLINEó ó,à à)à àNo.€96P„101Ìà à)Ì€€€€€Appellant,à à)Ìà à)ÌVS.à à)à àC.A.€No.€01A01„9703„PB„00135ÌÙ€!ÙßR€'+%A1-j|(ül` ç `€€@ÿRßà à)Ìò òLONEY€HUTCHINS,€INDIVIDUALLY,ó óà à)Ìò òand€A.R.C.,€INC.€d/b/a€21ST€CENTURYó óà à)Ìò òLIVING€SERVICESó ó,à à)Ìà à)Ì€€€€€Third€Party€Plaintiff/Appellee,à à)Ìà à)ÌVS.à à)Ìà à)Ìò òSHEILA€McNAMARAó ó,à à)Ìà à)Ì€€€€€Third€Party€Defendant/Appellant.à à)Ìà à)Ì______________________________________________________________________________ÌÌFrom€the€Probate€Court€of€Sumner€County€at€Gallatin.Ìò òHonorable€Tom€E.€Gray,€Chancellor€ó óÌÌÌÌò òSamuel€F.€Andersonó ó,€Nashville,€TennesseeÌò òDan€R.€Alexanderó ó,€Nashville,€TennesseeÌAttorney€for€Third€Party€Defendant/Appellant.ÌÌÌò òJohn€R.€Phillips,€Jr.ó ó,Ìò òTimothy€R.€Rectoró ó,ÌPHILLIPS€&€INGRUM,€Gallatin,€TennesseeÌAttorney€for€Third€Party€Plaintiff/Appellee.ÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:ÌÌò òREVERSED€AND€REMANDEDó óÌÌÌà àò òFARMER,€J.ó óÌÌò òCRAWFORD,€P.J.,€W.S.ó ó:€(Concurs)Ìò òHIGHERS,€J.ó ó:€(Concurs)ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÓ  ÓÓ` Ü` ˜XÓÓÓIn€1983,€at€the€age€of€14,€Matthew€Hurline€was€involved€in€an€accident€and€sustained€a€severeÏclosed€head€injury€which€resulted€in€cognitive€and€behavioral€disabilities.€€Since€that€time,€MatthewÏhas€required€assistance€with€his€daily€care.€€A€1996€neuro„psychological€evaluation€found€himÏincapable€of€ð ðliving€outside€of€a€supervised€settingðð€and€needing€ð ðat€least€minimal€assistance€for€allÏdaily€activities€to€maintain€safety€and€focus€on€task.ðð€€On€December€30,€1991,€Matthewððs€mother,ÏSheila€McNamara,€the€appellant,€was€appointed€his€legal€guardian€by€a€Maryland€court.€€ThisÏlitigation€is€an€attempt€to€determine€whether€Ms.€McNamara€can€be€held€legally€and€financiallyÏaccountable€to€the€person€and€facility€who€has€primarily€provided€Matthewððs€daily€care€since€earlyÏ1992,€the€appellees,€Loney€Hutchins,€individually,€(Hutchins)€and€A.R.C.,€Inc.€d/b/a€21stÏCentury€Living€Services.€€The€trial€court€entered€a€default€judgment€against€McNamara€in€theÏamount€of€$107,760,€for€the€care€and€services€provided€Hurline€from€January€1995€to€August€6,Ï1996.€€The€court€also€entered€a€judgment€against€Hurline,€individually,€and€the€HurlineÏconservatorship,€in€the€amount€of€$115,260.€Ms.€McNamara€has€appealed€from€the€judgment.× ƒ, ××  ×€ÏFor€the€reasons€expressed€below,€we€reverse€and€remand.ÌÌà àMatthew€was€admitted€to€21st€Century€Living€Services€(21st€Century)€in€JanuaryÏ1992.€€Upon€admission,€the€following€ð ðLetter€of€Understandingðð€was€written€and€signed€byÏMcNamara€to€the€facility:ÌÌÓÓà8 àà àIT€IS€UNDERSTOOD€THAT€21ST.€CENTURY€LIVINGÏSERVICES€WILL€PROVIDE€24€HOUR€SUPERVISION,€THREEÏMEALS€PER€DAY,€DAILY€LEISURE/WORK€ACTIVITIES€ANDÍOTHER€SERVICES€AS€EXPLAINED€IN€THE€PROGRAMÏDESCRIPTION€FOR€MATT€HURLINE.€€THE€COST€IS€$10,000ÏPER€MONTH€FOR€THE€FIRST€FOUR€MONTHS.€€AT€THE€ENDÏOF€FOUR€MONTHS€MATT€WILL€BE€RE„EVALUATED€TOÏDETERMINE€IF€THE€SUPERVISION€AND€THE€PROGRAMÏCOST€CAN€BE€REDUCED€OR€IF€IT€SHOULD€BE€CONTINUEDÏAT€THE€SAME€RATE.€€IT€IS€ALSO€UNDERSTOOD€THAT€THEÏMONTHLY€PROGRAM€COSTS€WILL€BE€PAID€BY€MARYÏSHERMAN,€MATTððS€GRANDMOTHER,€WHO€IS€[A]€PARTYÏTO€THIS€UNDERSTANDING.€[FEES]€WILL€BE€DUE€THEÏFIRST€OF€EACH€MONTH.ÌÌà8 àà àTHIS€UNDERSTANDING€IS€BETWEEN€21STÏCENTURY€LIVING€SERVICES,€SHEILA€McNAMARA,€ANDÏMARY€SHERMAN.ÌÌà8 àà8 àLoney,€this€must€include€that€although€I€am€MattððsÏlegal€guardian€I€am€not€financially€responsible,€MaryÏSherman€is€and€if€she€refuses€this€responsibility€IÏmust€be€notified€immediately,€as€I€cannot€pay€forÏMatt[ððs]€care,€not€by€choice€but€by€reality.× ƒ- ××  ×€€ÌÌÌÌÓÓà àOn€February€20,€1996,€Matthew€was€transferred€from€21st€Century€to€the€SumnerÏRegional€Medical€Center€(Sumner)€for€in„patient€surgery€(cholecystectomy).€€On€February€26,ÏSumner€sought€to€discharge€Matthew€from€its€facility€after€his€successful€recovery€from€theÏprocedure.€€Appellees€refused€readmittance€of€Matthew€citing€financial€problems.ÌÌà àAfter€Sumner€was€unsuccessful€in€attempting€to€arrange€Matthewððs€discharge€intoÏMcNamaraððs€care,€it€filed€a€petition,€on€March€27,€1996,€to€appoint€a€temporary€conservator€forÏMatthew€(to€provide€for€Matthewððs€discharge€and€to€otherwise€act€in€his€best€interest).€€TheÏpetition€alleged€Appelleesðð€refusal€to€readmit€Matthew€and€that€McNamara€had€ð ðrefused€to€takeÏresponsibility€for€and€ha[d]€abandoned€[Matthew].ðð€€Sumner€further€averred€that€McNamara€hadÏð ðrefus[ed]€to€take€any€actionðð€regarding€Matthewððs€placement€in€a€group€home€or€institution€as€hadÏbeen€recommended€by€his€psychologist.€€It€was€alleged€that€Matthew€had€incurred€medicalÏexpenses€in€excess€of€$30,000€as€a€consequence€of€his€failure€to€be€discharged€on€February€26.€ÍSumner€alleged€that€it€did€not€have€the€ability€or€resources€to€provide€the€type€of€care€MatthewÏrequired,€as€it€was€an€acute€care€facility,€and€that€it€was€no€longer€medically€necessary€for€MatthewÏto€remain€an€in„patient.€€Finally,€Sumner€alleged€that€it€notified€McNamara€of€the€petition€ð ðbyÏphoneðð€on€March€26€and€again€the€following€day.× ƒ. ××  ×ÌÌà àSumner€also€filed€a€petition€requesting€the€court€for€an€order€to€return€Matthew€toÏ21st€Century.€€Sumner€alleged€that€Hutchins€had€been€Matthewððs€ð ðde€facto€conservatorðð€sinceÏ1992€and€that,€as€such,€had€breached€his€fiduciary€duty€to€Matthew€by€refusing€his€readmittance€toÏthe€facility.€€It€was€further€alleged€that€Hutchins€had€received€ð ðsubstantialðð€fees€for€Matthewððs€careÏand€was€the€designated€payee€on€Matthewððs€social€security€benefit€checks.ÌÌà àAfter€a€hearing,€the€trial€court€entered€an€order€finding€that€Hutchins€had€aÏcontractual€relationship€with€Matthew€ð ðthrough€[his]€legal€guardianðð€and€that€a€fiduciaryÏrelationship€existed€between€the€two€ð ðby€virtue€of€the€fact€that€[Hutchins]€became€the€designatedÏpayee€on€[Matthewððs]€social€security€benefit€checks.ðð€€The€court,€therefore,€held€that€Hutchins€hadÏa€ð ðfiduciary€duty€and€responsibilityðð€to€find€appropriate€placement€for€Matthew€to€facilitate€hisÏdischarge.€€The€court€expressly€reserved€the€issue€of€whether€Hutchins€was€in€breach€of€hisÏfiduciary€duty.ÌÌà àIn€addition€to€responding€to€Sumnerððs€petition,€Appellees€filed€a€third„partyÏcomplaint,€in€June€1996,€(the€cause€of€action€with€which€we€are€now€concerned)€againstÏMcNamara,€ð ðas€the€legal€guardian€and€mother€of€Matthew€Hurline.ðð€€Appelleesðð€answerÏacknowledges€its€failure€to€readmit€Matthew€to€the€facility€in€February€1996× ƒ/ ××  ×€on€the€basis€that€noÍfunds,€other€than€Matthewððs€social€security€checks€($470€per€month),€had€been€received€byÏAppellees€in€exchange€for€Matthewððs€care€for€approximately€the€past€15€months.€€It€was€furtherÏacknowledged€that€until€November€1994,€Matthewððs€care€was€paid€for€by€his€grandmother,€MaryÏSherman.€€At€this€time€Matthew€was€26€years€old.€€It€was€averred€that€since€cessation€of€theÏpayments,€Appellees€had€made€numerous€requests€of€McNamara€to€assume€responsibility€for€theÏcare€and€living€arrangements€of€her€son€and€ward,€but€to€no€avail,€and€that€all€such€requests€hadÏbeen€ð ðrepudiated€or€ignored.ðð€€Appellees€asserted€that€the€unpaid€balance€of€Matthewððs€care€as€ofÏFebruary€28,€1996€was€$115,248.70.€€They€requested€that€McNamara€be€required€to€appear€andÏshow€cause€why€sole€responsibility€for€the€care€and€supervision€of€her€son€should€not€be€borne€byÏher.€€It€was€further€argued€that€McNamara€be€held€accountable€for€the€charges€incurred€forÏMatthewððs€care€at€21st€Century€due€to€the€breach€of€fiduciary€duty€to€her€son€ð ðby€abandoning€himÏand€failing€to€make€alternative€arrangements€for€him.ðð× ƒ0 ××  ×€€Appellees€sought€dismissal€of€any€claimÏfor€breach€of€fiduciary€duty€owed€Matthew€by€them.ÌÌà àPursuant€to€Appelleesðð€complaint,€a€show€cause€order€was€entered€againstÏMcNamara€on€June€6,€1996€requesting€that€she€appear€before€the€court€on€June€18,€1996.€€AÏhearing€on€the€order€was€subsequently€postponed€until€July€2,€1996.€€On€July€1,€1996,€McNamaraÏfiled,€pro€se,€a€document€with€the€chancery€court,€dated€June€27,€1996,€requesting€an€ð ðextensionÏof€time€to€answer,€postponement€of€show€cause€to€August€19,€1996.ðð€€The€court€denied€theÏð ðmotionðð€for€continuance,€but€allowed€McNamara€until€August€19€to€answer€the€complaint€as€toÏthose€issues€left€unresolved€at€the€July€2€hearing.€€The€latter€hearing€resulted€in€a€determination€thatÏMcNamara,€ð ðas€the€guardian€and€mother€of€Matthew€Hurline,ðð€should€take€responsibility€for€hisÍcare€and€supervision.€€The€order€relieved€Appellees€from€any€such€further€responsibility.× ƒ1 ××  ×€€ÌÌà àOn€August€6,€1996,€McNamara€filed€a€motion€to€dismiss€the€third„party€complaint,Ïalleging€that€the€court€lacked€jurisdiction;€that€McNamara€was€not€personally€liable€for€her€sonððsÏdebts;€and€that€there€existed€no€written€contract€demonstrating€McNamaraððs€responsibility€in€thisÏregard.€€The€motion€was€denied€on€August€13.ÌÌà àAppellees€then€filed€a€ð ðMotion€for€Default€or€Alternatively€to€Require€Answer€andÏSetting€of€Final€Hearing.ðð€€The€motion€recites€that€personal€service€of€process€of€the€third„partyÏcomplaint€was€obtained€on€McNamara€on€June€17,€1996€in€Colorado€and€that€other€than€theÏmotion€to€dismiss,€McNamara€had€not€answered€or€filed€any€other€responsive€pleadings.ÌÌà àA€hearing€occurred€on€November€19.€€On€November€21,€the€trial€court€entered€aÏdefault€judgment€against€McNamara€in€the€amount€of€$107,760€for€the€services€provided€Matthew,Ïas€outlined€above,€as€well€as€the€expenses€of€transporting€Matthew€to€her.€€The€court€found€thatÏð ðsuch€care€and€services€were€provided€.€.€.€by€reason€of€the€breach€of€the€fiduciary€responsibilityÏof€[McNamara]€for€her€son€and€ward.ðð€€The€court€also€found€Appellees€to€have€a€ð ðvalid€claim€andÏjudgmentðð€against€Hurline,€individually,€and€the€Hurline€Conservatorship€and€awarded€AppelleesÏ$115,260.× ƒ2 ××  ×ÌÌà àOn€December€23,€1996,€McNamara€filed€an€answer€to€the€complaint,€throughÏcounsel,€and€asserted,€òòò òinter€aliaóóó ó,€the€affirmative€defenses€that€no€contract€existed€between€theÏparties€regarding€Matthewððs€care,€the€statute€of€limitations€barred€the€action€and€that€there€wereÍinsufficient€facts€to€establish€the€vicarious€liability€of€McNamara€for€the€charges€incurred€by€herÏson€and€ward.€€McNamara€also€filed€a€motion€for€new€trial,€stating,€òòò òinter€aliaóóó ó,€that€she€did€notÏhave€sufficient€notice€of€the€November€19€hearing€as€she€was€not€made€aware€of€it€until€NovemberÏ12.€€She€further€asserted€that€she€ð ðdid€not€fully€appreciate€the€seriousnessðð€of€the€proceedings€sinceÏthere€was€never€a€signed€contract€obligating€her€financially€for€Matthewððs€care.€€The€motion€wasÏdenied.€€ÌÌà àThe€issues€on€appeal€are€identified€by€the€appellant€as€follows:ÌÌÓÓà8 àà àI.€€Whether€the€Appellants€were€given€adequate€or€properÏnotice€of€the€Appelleeððs€Motion€for€Default€Judgment€and€whetherÏsaid€lack€of€notice€constitutes€a€violation€of€due€process€of€law?ÌÌà8 àà àII.€€Whether€the€Trial€Court€was€in€error€by€ruling€[that]ÏSheila€McNamara,€as€guardian€for€Matthew€Hurline,€wasÏvicariously€liable€for€the€debts€of€the€ward,€Matthew€Hurline?ÌÌÌÌÓÓà àWe€will€address€the€second€issue€first€as€we€find€it€dispositive.€€It€is€argued€thatÏMs.€McNamara,€as€the€legal€guardian€of€her€son,€cannot€be€held€financially€responsible€for€theÏcosts€of€his€care€where€there€exists€no€contractual€arrangement€to€that€effect.€€39€C.J.S.€òòò òGuardianÏand€Wardóóó ó€ðð66€(1976)€states,€in€part€pertinent:ÌÌÓÓà8 àà àThe€general€rule€is€that€a€person€who€furnishes€support€orÏmaintenance€to€a€ward€acquires€no€enforceable€claim€against€theÏwardððs€guardian€or€the€wardððs€estate€in€the€guardianððs€hands€forÏpayment,€compensation,€or€reimbursement,€unless€there€was€anÏexpressed€or€implied€agreement€with€the€guardian€therefor.€.€.€.€ÏHowever,€an€infant€wardððs€estate€is€ultimately€liable€for€necessariesÏproperly€furnished€the€infant,€particularly€for€education€andÏclothing,€and€where€the€guardian€neglects€his€duty€with€respect€toÏmaintenance,€a€third€person€who€furnishes€necessity€items€to€theÏward€may€look€to€the€wardððs€estate€for€reimbursement.ÌÌÌÌÓÓ39€C.J.S.€òòò òGuardian€and€Wardóóó ó€ðð€174€additionally€provides:ÌÌÓÓà8 àà àIn€the€absence€of€statute€providing€otherwise,€if€recovery€orÏrelief€is€sought€against€a€minor€ward€the€suit€or€proceeding€may€notÏbe€brought€against€the€guardian,€and€the€guardian€cannot€be€suedÏpersonally€for€debts€due€solely€from€the€ward.€€So€in€general,€anÏaction€at€law€does€not€lie€against€the€guardian€personally€to€recoverÏfor€necessaries€furnished€to€the€ward€in€the€absence€of€any€expressÏcontract€or€promise€on€the€part€of€the€guardian;€such€action€will€notÏlie€on€the€theory€of€an€implied€promise€or€implied€assumpsit.€€InÏother€words,€relief€with€respect€to€debts€of,€or€necessaries€furnishedÏto,€the€ward,€as€to€which€the€guardian€has€not€obligated€himselfÏpersonally,€must€be€sought€in€some€appropriate€proceeding€otherÏthan€a€direct€action€to€charge€the€guardian€personally.€ÌÌÌÌSection€174€further€states:ÌÌÌÌà8 àà àòòò òAction€against€wardóóó ó.€€In€a€proper€case€an€action€may€beÏmaintained€against€a€ward,€who€usually€may€defend€by€hisÏguardian,€and,€if€recovery€or€relief€is€sought€against€a€minor€ward,Ïthe€suit€or€proceeding€must€be€brought€against€him,€in€the€absenceÏof€statute€providing€otherwise.ÌÌÌÌÓÓà àIt€is€clear€in€this€case€that€Appellees€brought€suit€against€McNamara€ð ðas€the€legalÏguardian€and€mother€of€Matthew€Hurline.ðð€€Appellees€have€not€pursued€a€judgment€againstÏHurline,€individually€or€the€conservatorship.€€The€third„party€complaint€states€that€Appellees€areÏentitled€to€a€judgment€due€to€McNamaraððs€ð ðcomplete€failure€to€fulfill€her€fiduciary€duty€to€MatthewÏby€abandoning€him€and€failing€to€make€alternative€arrangements€for€him.ðð€€We€believe,€however,Ïthat€this€duty€runs€to€Matthew€himself€and€his€estate.€€Section€2€of€C.J.S.€òòò òGuardian€&€Ward,óóó óÏdefines€ð ðguardianðð€as€ð ða€person€who€legally€has€the€care€of€the€person€or€property,€or€both,€ofÏanother€person,€who€is€incompetent€to€act€for€himself.€.€.€.ðð€€ð ð[T]he€function€of€a€guardianship€isÏto€handle€the€person€and€property€of€the€ward,€and€the€whole€theory€of€guardianship€is€to€protectÏthe€ward€during€his€period€of€incapacity€to€protect€himself.€.€.€.€€A€guardianship€is€designed€toÏfurther€the€wardððs€well„being,€not€that€of€the€guardian.ðð€€39€C.J.S.€òòò òGuardian€and€Wardóóó ó€ðð€3.€ÏWith€respect€to€the€property€of€the€ward,€ð ðthe€guardian€is€a€trustee€or€fiduciary.ðð€€39€C.J.S.Ïòòò òGuardian€and€Wardóóó ó€ðð€69.€€Additionally,€Chapter€11€of€Title€34€of€the€Tennessee€Code,Ïpertaining€to€ð ðGuardianships€and€Conservatorships€Generally,ðð€defines€a€ð ðfiduciaryðð€as€ð ðaÍguardian,€coguardian,€conservator€or€coconservator€.€.€.€.ððÌÌà àQuite€obviously,€a€guardian€may€be€removed€from€his/her€official€capacity€whereÏthere€is€a€failure€to€properly€care€for€the€ward.€€òòò òSeeóóó ó€39€C.J.S.€òòò òGuardian€and€Wardóóó ó€ðð€43.€€ð ðTheÏinfant,€by€his€next€friend€or€a€relative€or€other€person€having€a€legitimate€interest€in€the€infantððsÏwelfare,€may€institute€proceedings€for€the€removal€of€guardian;€but€persons€without€the€requisiteÏinterest€may€not€commence€such€a€proceeding.ðð€€39€C.J.S.€òòò òGuardian€and€Wardóóó ó€ðð€45a.× ƒ3 ××  ×€ÏAppellees€have€not€sought€the€removal€of€McNamara€as€her€sonððs€guardian;€they€seek€only€aÏmoney€judgment€from€her.ÌÌà àIt€does€not€appear€from€the€record€that€Appellees€seek€any€judgment€from€Hurline,Ïindividually€or€the€conservatorship.€€òòò òGann€v.€Burtonóóó ó,€511€S.W.2d€244€(Tenn.€1974),€holdsÏð ðthat€an€incompetent€can€be€sued€in€his€own€name.ðð€€òòò òGannóóó ó,€511€S.W.2d€at€247.€€In€addition,€RuleÏ17.01€T.R.C.P.€currently€provides€that€ð ð[e]very€action€shall€be€prosecuted€in€the€name€of€the€realÏparty€in€interest€.€.€.€.ðð€€Although€the€trial€court€adjudged€Appellees€to€have€a€ð ðvalid€claim€andÏjudgmentðð€against€Hurline,€individually,€and€the€conservatorship,€suit€was€noticeably€not€filedÏagainst€them.€€As€related€in€òòò òGannóóó ó:ÌÌÓÓà8 àMoreover,€in€History€of€a€Lawsuit,€ðð€37,€p.€40€(8th€Ed.€1963),€theÏfollowing€statement€appears:ÌÌà8 àà8 àIf€the€suit€is€upon€a€contract€or€wrong€of€an€infant,€orÏa€lunatic,€such€infant€or€lunatic€must€be€madeÏdefendant€in€the€writ,€and€not€his€guardian.€€TheÏguardian€is€not€responsible€for€the€contracts€of€hisÏinfant€or€insane€ward,€and€cannot€be€sued€on€them.€ÍIf€the€guardian€makes€the€contract,€then€he€aloneÏmust€be€sued€and€not€the€ward.ÌÌÌÌÓÓòòò òIdóóó ó.€€ÌÌà àThe€contract,€if€there€be€any€in€this€case,€cannot€be€construed€to€obligate€McNamaraÏfor€the€financial€obligations€regarding€the€care€and€supervision€of€her€son.€€The€ð ðletter€ofÏunderstandingðð€expressly€states€otherwise.€€Although€we€find€the€present€circumstances€before€usÏmost€unfortunate,€we€are€bound€by€the€confines€of€the€law€when€ruling.€€To€this€extent,€it€isÏequally€necessary€to€reverse€the€judgment€as€to€Hurline,€individually,€and€the€conservatorship€asÏno€action€was€taken€against€them.ÌÌà àIn€light€of€our€holding,€the€first€issue€is€pretermitted.ÌÌà àThe€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is,€accordingly,€reversed€and€this€cause€remandedÏfor€any€further€necessary€proceedings.€€Costs€are€assessed€against€the€appellees,€for€whichÏexecution€may€issue€if€necessary.ÌÌÓÓà àà àà àà àà àà à____________________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àFARMER,€J.ÌÌÌÌ______________________________ÌCRAWFORD,€P.J.,€W.S.€(Concurs)ÌÌÌÌ______________________________ÌHIGHERS,€J.€(Concurs)