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P.J.MaryvilleMyattt]hisR.AppHuddlestoncaregiverGaskillTenn.App   SP;488b0000d05e2SP;1496000051ed7SDU_3SP;36f10000408d4SDU_4SP;732f0000e3572SP;fdce000026d86 !.8HUdd8     _  HU89XXdd8  fN@ GDHUINTHECOURTOFAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE  @WW$ATKNOXVILLE#HUGD#Ԉ &   August10,2004Session L X9XHU #HUXX9#J.E.B.v.J.C.W.X9XHU  J @@ AppealfromtheJuvenileCourtforBlountCounty  J @@No.12574WilliamTerryDenton,Judge  6 @@*AV) ` dE<` A   @@TTNo.E200302782COAR3JV   AV) ` dE<|` A }     #HUXX9g#X9XHUThisisachildcustodycase.Afteratrial,thetrialcourtdesignatedtheFatherasprimaryresidential x  custodianofthepartieschild.Motherappeals,arguingthatthetrialcourtshouldhaveawardedher d primaryresidentialcustody.Wefindthattheevidencedoesnotpreponderateagainstthetrialcourts P findingthatthechildsbestinterestsareservedbyawardingFatherprimaryresidentialcustody. < Consequently,weaffirmthejudgmentofthetrialcourt. (x    Tenn.R.App.P.3AppealasofRight;JudgmentoftheJuvenileCourtAffirmed; P CaseRemanded  < SharonG.Lee,J.,deliveredtheopinionofthecourt,inwhichHerschelP.Franks,P.J.and  CharlesD.Susano,Jr.,J.,joined.  KevinW.Shepherd,Maryville,fortheAppellantJ.C.W.  SandraE.Myatt,Maryville,fortheAppelleeJ.E.B. `    OPINION  8!    I.FactualBackgroundandProceduralHistory  #`"     Thepartiesinthiscasewerenevermarried.Fatherfiledapetitiontoestablishpaternityof $8 $ theirchild(DOBSept.29,1998)onJuly17,2001,shortlybeforethepartiesseparated.Fathers %$!% paternitywasadmittedandestablishedbyagreedorderenteredbythecourtonAugust20,2001.The &"& partieshadbeenlivingtogetherinMaryville,TennesseeuntilthetimeofFatherspetition,but '"' shortlythereafter,MothermovedtoSmithville,TennesseeinDeKalbCounty. (#(   TheagreedorderestablishingFatherspaternityalsoprovidedthatcustodyofthechildwas p*%* granted jointlyandequallytotheparties,andthattheywouldsplitparentingtimebyalternating \+&+ sevendayperiodsoftimewiththechild.Theagreedorderfurtherprovidedthatbothpartiesdesired H,', tocontinueasjointandequalcustodiansofthechilduntilthechildstartedschool.Theorderfurther 4-(- fN f f  providesthat [t]hiscustodyarrangementshallcontinueuntilsuchtimeasthemandatoryagefor  schoolattendanceatwhichtime,ifthepartiesareunabletoagreeuponaprimaryresidential  custodian,thismattershallbebroughtbackbeforetheCourtforfurtherconsideration.    AfterMothersmovetoSmithville,thepartiesmaintainedtheirpracticeofspending ` alternatingweekswiththechild.OnFebruary8,2002,Motherfiledapetitiontomodifythecustody L  andvisitationarrangement,notingthat inoneyear,thepartieschildwillbeenrolledinschooland 8  allegingthat itisimportantthatthechildhaveonehomeforpurposesofconsistencyandstability $ t forthechild.Motherrequestedthecourtdesignatehertheprimaryresidentialcustodian.Father  ` filedacounterpetitioninwhichhesoughtprimaryresidentialcustodyofthechild.  L    OnNovember22,2002,ahearingwasheldbeforethejuvenilecourtreferee,atwhichthe $  partieseachtestifiedandcalledwitnesses.Attheconclusionofthathearing,therefereeannounced   hisdecisionthatFatherwouldbetheprimaryresidentialcustodian.Motherthenfiledapetitionfor   rehearingbytheBlountCountyJuvenileCourtjudge,whichwasgranted.OnMay28,2003,another   fullhearingwasheld.Attheconclusionofthesecondhearing,thetrialcourtorderedeachpartyto   submitaproposedparentingplan.Afterthepartiescompliedwiththisrequest,thetrialcourtentered p anorderonOctober23,2003findingthat thebestinterestofthechildwouldbethattheFatherbe \ designatedprimaryresidentialcustodianoftheminorchild[.]Althoughitisnotcompletelyclear H fromtherecord,itappearsthatthetrialcourtadoptedandincorporatedFathersparentingplanin 4 itsfinaljudgment.Motherappeals.  p u  II.IssuePresentedforReview H     Motherhasnotincludedastatementoftheissuespresentedforreviewinherbrief.Based   onourreviewofherbriefandoralargument,itisclearthatthesoleissueMotherraisesinthis   appealisasfollows:  0  WhetherthetrialcourterredindesignatingFathertheprimaryresidentialcustodianofthe  child.l(#(# #  III.StandardofReview D!   X9XXX9  Inthisnonjurycase,ourreviewis#X9XX X9T# X9XXX9denovo#X9XX X9# X9XXX9Ԁupontherecordoftheproceedingsbelow;but #l! therecordcomestouswithapresumptionofcorrectnessastothetrialcourt'sfactualdeterminations $X" whichwemusthonorunlesstheevidencepreponderatesagainstthosefindings.Tenn.R.App.P. $D # 13(d);#X9XX X9&# X9XXX9Wrightv.CityofKnoxville,#X9XX X9# X9XXX9Ԁ898S.W.2d177,181(Tenn.1995);#X9XX X9# X9XXX9UnionCarbideCorp.v. %0!$ Huddleston,#X9XX X9k# X9XXX9Ԁ854S.W.2d87,91(Tenn.1993).Thetrialcourt'sconclusionsoflaw,however,are &"% accordednosuchpresumption.#X9XX X9# X9XXX9Campbellv.FloridaSteelCorp.,#X9XX X9# X9XXX9Ԁ919S.W.2d26,35(Tenn.1996); '#& #X9XX X9# X9XXX9Presleyv.Bennett,#X9XX X9# X9XXX9Ԁ860S.W.2d857,859(Tenn.1993). (#' #X9XX X9#   `     h    T,'+ s  IV.Analysis     Incasesinvolvingacustodydispute,courtsareguidedbyTenn.CodeAnn.366106.  Thatstatuteprovidesasfollowsinpartpertinenttothepresentcase: t  S M !"#(03?+ ` hp x X?   8  8`    X9XXX9(a)Inasuitforannulment,divorce,separatemaintenance,orinany L  otherproceedingrequiringthecourttomakeacustodydetermination 8  regardingaminorchild,suchdeterminationshallbemadeuponthe $ t basisofthebestinterestofthechild.Thecourtshallconsiderall  ` relevantfactorsincludingthefollowingwhereapplicable: L ` x` x 8  8`   #X9XX X9 "# X9XXX9S ; #X9XX X9,$#% W %W$ X9XXX9(1)Thelove,affectionandemotionaltiesexistingbetweenthe   parentsandchild;z ` x` x #X9XX X9$# X9XXX9/ ?+ ` hp x X?  8  8`   S \  /%  #X9XX X9h%#% \ %\f& X9XXX9(2)Thedispositionoftheparentstoprovidethechildwithfood,  \  clothing,% b #X9XX X9&#%b' X9XXX9medicalcare,educationandothernecessarycareandthe H  degreetowhichaparenthasbeentheprimarycaregiver;/%$&݌4` x` x Ќ XX   #X9XX X9E'# X9XXX9/ ?+ ` hp x X?  8  8`   Sv#s/(  #X9XX X9{(#% c %cy) X9XXX9(3)Theimportanceofcontinuityinthechild'slifeandthelengthof v timethechildhaslivedinastable,satisfactoryenvironment.../(7)݌b` x` x Ќ XX   8  8`   #X9XX X9)# X9XXX9SD#X9XX X9+#% d %d]+ X9XXX9(4)Thestabilityofthefamilyunitoftheparents;D` x` x #X9XX X9{+# X9XXX9/ ?+ ` hp x X?  8  8`   S3//,  #X9XX X9,#% g %g- X9XXX9(5)Thementalandphysicalhealthoftheparents;//,,݌` x` x Ќ XX   #X9XX X9,-# X9XXX9/ ?+ ` hp x X?  8  8`   Sh/..  #X9XX X9.#% h %h / X9XXX9(6)Thehome,schoolandcommunityrecordofthechild;/...݌h` x` x Ќ XX   #X9XX X9+/#/ ?+ ` hp x X?  /0  % i %i0 X9XXX98  8`   SW#X9XX X90#% j %j/1 X9XXX90 ` x` x0 x x*0hxx0hxhx*0xx0pxx*#X9XX X9M1# X9XXX9/0{0݌pxpx Ќ XX   #X9XX X9 2# X9XXX9/ ?+ ` hp x X?  8  8`   S<9/2  #X9XX X92#% l %l3% m %m3 X9XXX9(9)Thecharacterandbehaviorofanyotherpersonwhoresidesinor < frequentsthehomeofaparentandsuchperson'sinteractionswiththe (x child;and/2w3݌d` x` x Ќ XX   #X9XX X93# X9XXX9/ ?+ ` hp x X?  8  8`   S S /5  #X9XX X9d5#% n %nb6 X9XXX9(10)Eachparent'spastandpotentialforfutureperformanceof   parentingresponsibilities,includingthewillingnessandabilityof ! eachoftheparentstofacilitateandencouragea8@f` x` x8 @ closeandcontinuing ~" parentchildrelationshipbetweenthechildandtheotherparent, j# consistentwiththebestinterestofthechild.#X9XX X96# X9XXX9 V$ /5 6݌ ` x` x Ќ XX   !#X9XX X9o8#    Thepartiesagreethatamaterialchangeincircumstanceshasoccurredinthatthechildhas &! nowreachedschoolageand,becausethepartiesliveovertwohoursapart,theycannotcontinue m'" alternatingcustodyeveryweekwithachildenrolledinschool.Circumstancesnowdictatethatone Y(#  oftheparentsbedeclaredtheprimaryresidentialcustodian,theonewholivesintheplacewherethe E)$! childwillattendschool.Initsorder,thetrialcourtmadenofindingsoffactbeyonditsdetermination 1*%"  thatawardingFatherprimaryresidentialcustodyservedthechildsbestinterests. +m&#   Inthiscase,consideringtheapplicablestatutoryfactors,Motherhas,simplystated,pointed   toverylittleevidencesuggestingthatthetrialcourterredinitsruling.Thisisaverydifficultcase  inthatbothpartiesappeartohavedoneagoodjobofparentingandarequalifiedandcapableof  raisingthechild.TheJuvenileCourtrefereefoundthatitwasa raresituationthatthecourthasto t dealwithexceptionallyfineparents,andIdobelievethateachofyouaretrulytryingtobethebest ` parentthatyoucanbenotwithstandingthefrustrationsthatlifebrings,andhavingtheseparationof L  distance,andnothavingarelationshipbetweenthetwoofyouexceptthroughyourchild.Mother 8  statesinherbriefthat theevidence...showsthateachparentappearstobeequallypositionedin $ t almosteverycriteriafoundinthelawfordeterminingcustody.Motherarguesthatshe excelsin  ` atleasttheareaofbeingabletoprovidemorehandsoncare,aswellashavinganextendedfamily  L  intheareaofherresidence.Mother,whohasrecentlyremarried,pointstothetestimonythatshe  8  isabletostayhomewiththechildduringnonschoolhours,whileFatherhastowork,andalsothat $  shehasmoreextendedfamilylivingnearherthandoesFather.     FatherrespondsbyhighlightingevidencethatMotherhasbeenuncooperativeand >  uncommunicativeregardingthechildsmedicalneedsandrecreationalactivities,andshehasrefused *z tobeflexibleinschedulingvisitation.Ononeoccasion,thislackofcommunicationresultedinthe f schedulingofthesameminorsurgicalprocedureforthechildwithtwodifferentdoctorsattwo R differenttimes.FatheralsotestifiedthathehasremainedinthesameMaryvilleresidenceinwhich > thepartiesliveduntiltheirseparation,whereasMothertestifiedthatshehasresidedinthreedifferent * placesinthetwoyearssincetheseparation.FathertestifiedthatonoccasionMotherhadlosther  temperandcursedathiminfrontofthechild.    Adeterminationofcustodyandvisitationoftenhingesonsubtlefactorssuchastheparents 0 demeanorandcredibilityduringthetrialproceedings.Gaskillv.Gaskill,936S.W.2d626,631 l (Tenn.App.1996).Inthiscase,itappearsprobablethatthecourtsdeterminationoftheparties X relativedemeanorandcredibilityplayedasignificantroleinitsruling.Atthehearingbeforethetrial D court,Motherwascrossexaminedonfourseparateoccasionsbytheplayingofanaudiotapeof 0 telephoneconversationsbetweenherandFather.Whileitappearsthatthesetapeswereplayedin  anattempttobringMotherscredibilityintoquestion,thetapescontentsarenotcontainedinthe   recordbeforeus. !   Underthesecircumstances,weareguidedbythefollowingcommentsandobservationsmade "$r  recentlybythisCourtinacustodydisputecase,whicharepertinenttothepresentcase: %^ ! ?+ ` hp x X?    8  8`    X9XXX9Thecredibilityofwitnessesisamatterthatispeculiarlywithinthe '"# provinceofthetrialcourt.#X9XX X9J# X9XXX9See#X9XX X9K#  X9XXX9 Bowmanv.Bowman ,#X9XX X9K#  X9XXX9Ԁ836S.W.2d563, x(#$ 567(Tenn.Ct.App.1991).Thatcourthasadistinctadvantageoverus: d)$% itseesthe% T #X9XX X91L#%TL X9XXX9witnesses#X9XX X9M# X9XXX9inperson.#X9XX X9jM# X9XXX9ԀUnlikeanappellatecourtwhichis P*%& limitedtoa"cold"transcriptoftheevidenceandexhibitsthetrial <+&' courtisinapositiontoobservethedemeanorofthewitnessesasthey (,x'( testify.Thisenablesthetrialcourttomakeassessmentsregardinga  witness'smemory,accuracy,and,mostimportantly,awitness's  truthfulness.Thecasesarelegionthatholdatrialcourt's  determinationsregardingwitnesscredibilityareentitledtogreat t weightonappeal.#X9XX X9M# X9XXX9See,e.g.,#X9XX X9UP#  X9XXX9 _Massengale_Ԁv._Massengale_ ,#X9XX X9P#  X9XXX9Ԁ915S.W.2d ` 818,819(_Tenn.Ct.App_.1995).Intheabsenceof_unrefuted_Ԁauthentic L  documentaryevidencereflectingotherwise,weareloatheto 8  substituteourjudgmentforthetrialcourt'sfindingswithrespectto $ t thecredibilityofthewitnesses.  ` "Trialcourtsarevestedwithwidediscretioninmattersofchild  L  custody...."#X9XX X9LQ#  X9XXX9 _Varley_Ԁv._Varley_,#X9XX X9S# X9XXX9Ԁ934S.W.2d659,665  8  (_Tenn.Ct.App_.1996)(quoting#X9XX X9)T#  X9XXX9 Kochv.Koch,#X9XX X9T# X9XXX9Ԁ874S.W.2d571,575 $  (_Tenn.Ct.App_.1993)).Thisbeingthecase,wewillnotreverseatrial   court'sdecisionregardingcustodyunlesstherecordclearly   demonstratesthatthecourthasabuseditsdiscretion.#X9XX X9+U#  X9XXX9 Otisv.   CambridgeMut.FireIns.Co. ,#X9XX X9V#  X9XXX9Ԁ850S.W.2d439,442(Tenn.1992).As   theSupremeCourthascautioned,"adiscretionaryjudgmentofatrial p court[shouldnotbedisturbed]unlessitaffirmativelyappearsthatthe \ trialcourt'sdecisionwasagainstlogicorreasoning,andcausedan H injusticeorinjurytothepartycomplaining."#X9XX X9%W#  X9XXX9 Marcusv.Marcus ,#X9XX X9X#  X9XXX9Ԁ993 4 S.W.2d596,601(Tenn.1999)(quoting#X9XX X9DY#  X9XXX9 _Ballard_Ԁv.#X9XX X9Y#% U %U:Z X9XXX9_Herzke_ ,#X9XX X9XZ#  X9XXX9Ԁ924  p S.W.2d652,661(Tenn.1996)). \` x` x J  _Lockmiller_Ԁv._Lockmiller_,2003WL23094418at*4,2003Tenn.App.LEXIS953,C/ANo.E2002  02586COAR3CV(_Tenn.App.E.S._ԀfiledDec.30,2003)(emphasisandbracketsinoriginal). v  R[fV.Conclusion  D \e    Bearingtheaboveinmind,andhavingconsideredthepertinentstatutoryfactorsandthe r  recordasawhole,wedonotfindthattheevidencepreponderatesagainstthetrialcourtsfindingthat ^! thechildsbestinterestsareservedbyawardingFatherprimaryresidentialcustody.Weaffirmthe J" judgmentofthetrialcourt.Thecaseisremandedforcollectionofcostsbelow.Costsonappealare 6# assessedtotheMother,J.C.W.,forwhichexecutionmayissue,ifnecessary. 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