ÿWPC½# ~GP˜VYû‘mßdIS8L“8ð`·mOùúÓ¥7 ­ª•ôFCÿ†¸ùÐ,„ËÓ47/&+,}@tCu&°œ ÉÔÙNí쳚Æb'ˆÖ­±ïôü«Þ®<»-iÜ7Þ¢D:”,§$­)õŒ¨s5 Af þžò†2˜Î~Oªæd¸íæ#ð•ûôq®17‘‡Õ±äO'Qnù6Dq(ti‘¦‡|ï©rµ¡_r@w Ù¼°uB‰u½uÚËô·%=úZŸw&*á v¥ðó³H½€¤Í=›Ñ[hÔ( y±ñ:êY˜ÉÍXOÆÌ˜S˜ îÝèÖ‹1d§RælΚiÈ=È(°4é ØJÛ; -åYPpjÇ×%[—ª}Dl±Ïûàîòtóò²š@wB0›}hbK“ƒ-/›(«˜üq]ùÕçÖz´ÂÒÅZ¥Á]Q²ñ1‚ùH¹"òFñ˜D<¢Ò1Mýƒª÷6ÖKfñ§ò&cdñƒn?‰¨Ó¶îbÀ´3åMŒ…ªÙøôʦä×rc,RZ“T¯U0w…è÷3O%ïd¦”¢‹ow4™ñ%žà §*ªï³dÑ£?êÆ+b)ìÿÎèSh«=¯·p‚[›i*b#Á\ % ^ # 0ˆ/ UN· w 4 z Ò— i x mz 0D‘ ÆÕ Æ› Æa Æ'UNíN;ò=}/E¬Ã®9qqqªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªªb²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²²² 0뺺ºº B¥¥ 0¤Â D3f D-™ 0KÆ Æ AS!Æd! 0¤*" 0DÎ" A«#˜HP LaserJet 8000 Series PSØÚØÚÚØØÚ0»õƒK+â (`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman RegularòK+ê:i¢Ø+00 ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt3|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(ÖÃ9 Z‹6Times New Roman Regular èÝ ƒRSs$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô° ò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ôò òFacilities€to€test€for€AIDS€ð!ð€Contaminated€blood€ð!ð€Cause€of€action€for€AIDS€infection€from€untestedÐ ° Ðbloodó ó.€ð!ð€(a)€All€facilities€collecting€fresh€human€blood€or€plasma€directly€from€an€individual€donor€shall€have€such€bloodÐ r Ðor€plasma€tested€for€the€potential€presence€of€the€causative€agent€for€Acquired€Immune€Deficiency€Syndrome€(AIDS).€Ð 8ˆ Ðà  à(b)€Any€blood€shown€by€appropriate€medical€testing€to€be€potentially€contaminated€by€the€causative€agent€forÐ üL ÐAIDS€shall€not€be€used€for€transfusions,€or€for€any€other€purposes€which€may€pose€a€threat€of€transmission€of€the€virus.Ð À Ðà  à(c)€Any€person€who€contracts€AIDS€from€any€contaminated€blood€or€blood€product€shall€have€a€cause€of€actionÐ „Ô Ðfor€damages,€including€all€medical€expenses,€against€any€facility€supplying€untested€blood,€if€such€person€can€establishÐ H ˜ Ðthat€such€person€received€any€untested€blood,€or€blood€product€derived€therefrom,€from€such€supplier.Ð  \ Ðà  à(d)€This€section€shall€not€apply€in€those€emergency€situations€where€the€attending€physician€determines€thatÐ Ð  Ðfailure€to€transfuse€will€be€life€threatening€to€the€patient.Ð ” ä  ÐÌTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€68„32„102€(1996)€(Enacted€March€24,€1986). sÝ ƒRSs$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô° ò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ôò òLimitation€of€actions€ð!ð€Exception.€ð!ðó ó€(a)€Any€action€against€a€manufacturer€or€seller€of€a€product€for€injuryÐ ° Ðto€person€or€property€caused€by€its€defective€or€unreasonably€dangerous€condition€must€be€brought€within€the€periodÐ vÆ Ðfixed€by€ðððð€28„3„104,€28„3„105,€28„3„202€and€47„2„725,€but€notwithstanding€any€exceptions€to€these€provisions,€it€mustÐ :Š Ðbe€brought€within€six€(6)€years€of€the€date€of€injury,€in€any€event,€the€action€must€be€brought€within€ten€(10)€years€fromÐ þN Ðthe€date€on€which€the€product€was€first€purchased€for€use€or€consumption,€or€within€one€(1)€year€after€the€expiration€ofÐ Â Ðthe€anticipated€life€of€the€product,€whichever€is€the€shorter,€except€in€the€case€of€injury€to€minors€whose€action€must€beÐ †Ö Ðbrought€within€a€period€of€one€(1)€year€after€attaining€the€age€of€majority,€whichever€occurs€sooner.Ð J š ÐÌTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€29„28„103(a)€(2000). ¹Ý ƒRSs$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô° ò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔThe€record€before€us€discloses€that€FBS€filed€a€motion€to€dismiss€but€the€record€does€not€contain€an€orderÐ ° Ðgranting€that€motion.€€In€the€orders€granting€the€motions€of€MHC€and€MRBC€the€trial€court€directed€the€entry€of€a€finalÐ tÄ Ðjudgment€pursuant€to€Rule€54.02€Tenn.€R.€Civ.€P. /Ý ƒRSs$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô° ò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔThe€implied€warranties€of€merchantability€and€fitness€shall€not€be€applicable€to€a€contract€for€the€sale,Ð ° Ðprocurement,€processing,€distribution€or€use€of€human€tissues€(such€as€corneas,€bones,€or€organs),€whole€blood,€plasma,Ð tÄ Ðblood€products,€or€blood€derivatives.€€Such€human€tissues,€whole€blood,€plasma,€blood€products,€or€blood€derivativesÐ 8ˆ Ðshall€not€be€considered€commodities€subject€to€sale€or€barter,€and€the€transplanting,€injection,€transfusion€or€other€transferÐ üL Ðof€such€substances€into€the€human€body€shall€be€considered€a€medical€service.Ð À ÐÌTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€47„2„316(5)€(1996). - ù-(|G2Ss$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€DD»»d d 8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô3øò»»Ô d(|3ù$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€DD»»d d 8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV'ÿÿdxd)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3ù$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€DD»»d d 8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€@Ì»»d dÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÔ€¼¹@»»»ÔÑ8€. XXdê»»d 8ÑÑ  Ñà@ü ü ìàÔ‡î¨ñ¹@ÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@õõ%ìàAT€JACKSONÔ#†¼¹@»îî¨ñ #ԈРÖ& ÐÓ  ÓAssigned€On€Brief€July€11,€2001Ð üL ÐÔ‡XêìX»¼¹@ÔÌò òÔ#†¼¹@»XXêìú#ÔMICHAEL€JONES,€òòet€al.óó€v.€METHODIST€HEALTHCARE,€òòet€alóó.Ô‡XêìX»¼¹@Ôó óÐ úJ ÐÌà@@½½ìàò òDirect€Appeal€from€the€Circuit€Court€for€Shelby€CountyÐ ú J Ðà@@øøìàNo.€CT„000015„00€€€€€€Kay€S.€Robilio,€JudgeÐ æ 6 ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<©` AßÐ ªú  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€W2001„00261„Ô_ÔCOAÔ_Ô„R3„CV€„€Filed€October€8,€2001Ð ¥õ  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<|` AßÐ }Í  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓPlaintiffs,€husband€and€wife,€sued€Defendants€alleging€that€Husband€was€negligently€supplied€withÐ xÈ  Ðuntested€or€contaminated€blood€and€blood€products€during€his€hospitalization€in€1986.€€DefendantsÐ d´ Ðare€the€Hospital€and€suppliers€of€blood€and€blood€products.€€Husband€learned€for€the€first€time€onÐ P  ÐMay€7,€1999,€that€he€had€contacted€HIV€and€suffered€from€Acquired€Immune€Deficiency€SyndromeÐ <Œ Ð(AIDS).€€The€trial€court€dismissed€the€complaint€on€the€basis€that€it€was€barred€by€the€ten€year€statuteÐ (x Ðof€repose€set€forth€in€Tenn.€Code.€Ann.€ðð€29„28„103.€€We€affirm.Ð d ÐÌÔ#†¼¹@»XXêì#ÔÔ‡XêìX»¼¹@ÔÓ©Óò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Circuit€Court€Affirmed;€andÐ ì< ÐRemandedó óÐ Ø( ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼¹@»àXêì‚#ÔÔ‡XêìX.¼¹@ÔDavid€R.€Farmer,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòW.€Frank€Crawford,€P.J.,€W.S.,óóÐ ° Ðand€òòHolly€K.€Lillard,€J.óó,€joined.Ð œì ÐÌJason€G.€Whitworth,€Covington,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellants,€Michael€Jones€and€wife,€CharliÐ tÄ ÐJones.Ð `° ÐÌThomas€R.€Prewitt,€Jr.€and€Karen€B.€Hall,€for€the€appellee,€Methodist€Healthcare.Ð 8!ˆ  ÐÌDavid€M.€Cook,€Karen€S.€Koplon,€for€the€appellee,€Mid„South€Regional€Blood€Center€a/k/aÐ #`" ÐLifeblood.Ð ü#L# ÐÌTim€Edwards€and€R.€Douglas€Hanson,€for€the€appellee,€Florida€Blood€Services,€Inc.€d/b/a€SouthwestÐ Ô%$!% ÐFlorida€Blood€Bank.€Ð À&"& ÐÓ?ÓÌò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼¹@»XXêìn#ÔÔ‡XêìX»¼¹@ÔÐ ˜(è#( ÐÌÔ#†¼¹@»XXêì¨ #ÔÓ  ÓÔ€XêìX»¼¹@Ôà  àMichael€Jones€and€wife,€Charli€Jones€sued€Methodist€Healthcare€(MHC),€Mid„SouthÐ p*À%* ÐRegional€Blood€Center€a/k/a€Lifeblood€(MRBC)€and€Florida€Blood€Services,€Inc.€d/b/a€SouthwestÐ \+¬&+ ÐFlorida€Blood€Bank€(FBS)€alleging€in€their€complaint,€as€amended,€that€the€Defendants€negligentlyÐ H,˜', Ðsupplied€and/or€allowed€to€be€supplied€untested€or€contaminated€blood€during€Mr.€JonesððÐ 4-„(-ý Ðhospitalization€in€MHCððs€facility€in€1986.€€It€is€alleged€that€Mr.€Jones€was€involved€in€an€automobileÐ ° Ðaccident€on€November€11,€1986€and€was€hospitalized€as€a€result€of€injuries€sustained.€€While€in€theÐ œì Ðhospital,€he€was€started€on€blood€products€prior€to€and€during€surgery.€€The€blood€products€wereÐ ˆØ Ðsupplied€to€MHC€by€Defendants€MRBC€and€FBS.€€The€blood€and€blood€products€were€eitherÐ tÄ Ðuntested€or€negligently€tested€and€contained€the€causative€agent€for€AIDS.€€On€or€about€May€7,€1999,Ð `° ÐMr.€Jones€learned€for€the€first€time€from€his€doctors€that€testing€showed€that€he€had€contacted€HIVÐ L œ Ðand€was€suffering€from€AIDS.€€It€is€further€alleged€that€the€Defendants€knew€or€should€have€knownÐ 8 ˆ Ðthat€a€person€receiving€a€transfusion€of€blood€or€blood€products€in€1986€was€at€risk€and€DefendantsÐ $ t Ðhad€a€continuing€duty€to€notify€Plaintiffs.€€Plaintiffs€also€aver€that€the€doctrines€of€ò òòòres€ipsa€loquiturÐ  ` Ðóóó óand€ò òòòrespondeat€superioróóó ó€are€applicable€and€that€the€Defendants€violated€the€statutory€duty€createdÐ ü L  Ðby€the€enactment€of€section€68„32„102€of€the€Tennessee€Code.׃×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€Ð è 8  ÐÌà  àMRBC€and€FBS€filed€motions€to€dismiss€and€MHC€filed€a€motion€for€summary€judgmentÐ À  Ðcontending€that€the€Plaintiffsðð€cause€of€action€was€barred€by€the€statute€of€repose€set€forth€in€sectionÐ ¬ü  Ð29„28„103(a).׃À ×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€The€ten€year€period€set€forth€in€this€statute€is€a€statute€of€repose.€€òòò òSee€Wyatt€v.€A„BestÐ ˜è  ÐProd.€Co.óóó ó,€924€S.W.2d€98,€102„03€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1995)òòò ò€perm.€app.€deniedóóó ó€May€28,€1996.Ð „Ô  ÐÌà  àThe€trial€court€granted€MHCððs€motion€for€summary€judgment€and€MRBCððs€motion€toÐ \¬ Ðâ âdismiss,€finding€in€each€instance€that€the€statute€of€repose€applicable€to€this€action€is€that€of€aÐ H˜ Ðproducts€liability€action€and€that€the€Plaintiffsðð€action€is€time€barred.׃×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€The€Plaintiffs€have€appealedÐ ° Ðcontending€that€the€trial€court€was€in€error€in€dismissing€their€complaint.€€Ð œì Ðâ âÌà  àAs€stated€in€òòò òAnthony€v.€Tidwellóóó ó,€560€S.W.2d€908,€909€(Tenn.€1977),€Ð tÄ ÐÌà8  à[a]€complaint€is€subject€to€dismissal€under€rule€12.02(6)€for€failure€to€state€a€claimÐ L œ Ðif€an€affirmative€defense€clearly€and€unequivocally€appears€on€the€face€of€theÐ 8 ˆ Ðcomplaint.€€It€is€not€necessary€for€the€defendant€to€submit€evidence€in€support€of€hisÐ $ t Ðmotion€when€the€facts€on€which€he€relies€to€defeat€plaintiffððs€claim€are€admitted€byÐ  ` Ðthe€plaintiff€in€his€complaint.Ðü L Ð Ð  ÐÌThe€essential€facts€as€they€relate€to€the€application€of€the€statute€of€repose€are€set€forth€in€theÐ Ô$  Ðcomplaint€wherein€it€is€alleged€that€Mr.€Jonesðð€hospitalization€and€transfusion€occurred€inÐ À  ÐNovember,€1986,€he€first€learned€of€his€illness€in€May,€1999,€and€the€complaint€was€filed€FebruaryÐ ¬ü  Ð4,€2000.€€Statutory€construction€is€a€question€of€law€which€we€review€òòò òde€novoóóó ó€with€no€presumptionÐ ˜è  Ðof€correctness.€€It€is€our€role€in€construing€statutes€to€ascertain€and€give€effect€to€legislative€intent,Ð „Ô  Ðwhich€is€to€be€ascertained€whenever€possible€from€the€natural€and€ordinary€meaning€of€the€languageÐ pÀ Ðused,€without€forced€or€subtle€construction€that€would€limit€or€extend€the€meaning€of€the€language.€Ð \¬ Ðòòò òSee€Myint€v.€Allstate€Ins.€Co.óóó ó,€970€S.W.2d€920,€924€(Tenn.€1998).€€Ð H˜ ÐÌà  àòòò òó óóóThe€trial€court€relied€upon€òòò òSpence€v.€Miles€Laboratories,€Inc.óóó ó,€37€F.3d€1185€(6th€Cir.€1994),Ð  p Ðwhich€òòò òóóó óinvolved€a€suit€filed€by€a€plaintiff€who€suffered€from€hemophilia.€€It€was€alleged€that€heÐ  \ Ðcontracted€AIDS€from€a€blood€clotting€factor€concentrate€manufactured€by€the€defendant.€€PlaintiffÐ øH Ðalso€received€fresh€frozen€plasma.€€The€federal€circuit€court€affirmed€the€decision€of€the€UnitedÐ ä4 ÐStates€District€Court€for€the€Eastern€District€of€Tennessee€which€granted€the€defendant€summaryÐ Ð  Ðjudgment€and€held€that€the€plaintiffððs€complaint€related€to€a€product€and€the€ten€year€statute€of€reposeÐ ¼  Ðapplicable€to€product€liability€actions€barred€this€action.€€As€the€court€stated€in€òòò òSpenceóóó ó:Ð ¨ø ÐÌà8  àà ` àIn€short,€we€believe,€as€did€the€district€court,€that€even€if€the€statute€doesÐ €Ð Ðapply,€plaintiffððs€claim€is€nonetheless€time„barred.€€Because€ðð€68„32„102€does€notÐ l¼ Ðreference€a€statute€of€limitations€or€repose,€we€look€to€the€ð ðgravamenðð€of€the€action,Ð X ¨ Ðrather€than€any€designation€as€either€contract€or€tort,€in€determining€what€limitationsÐ D!” Ðperiod€is€controlling.€€òòò òSee€Pera€v.€Kroger€Co.óóó ó,€674€S.W.2d€715,€719€(Tenn.€1984);Ð 0"€  Ðòòò òElectric€Power€Bd.óóó ó,€879€F.2d€at€1375.€€As€noted€by€the€district€court,€ð ð[w]hetherÐ #l! Ðformulated€as€a€ððstrict€liabilityðð€claim€for€damages€resulting€from€untested€bloodÐ $X" Ðproducts€under€ðð€68„32„102,€or€as€a€negligence€claim,€the€plaintiffððs€claimsÐ ô$D # Ðmanifestly€relate€to€a€product.ðð€€[òòò òSpence€v.€Miles€Labs.,€Inc.óóó ó.,€810€F.Supp.€912,€959Ð à%0!$ Ð(E.D.€Tenn.€1992).]€€A€product€liability€action€under€Tennessee€law€is€broadlyÐ Ì&"% Ðdefined€to€includeи'#&Ð Ð  Їà8  àà8` Ð Ð àall€actions€brought€for€or€on€account€of€personal€injury,€death€orÐ ° Ðproperty€damage€caused€by€or€resulting€from€the€manufacture,Ð œì Ðconstruction,€design,€formula,€preparation,€assembly,€testing,€service,Ð ˆØ Ðwarning,€instruction,€marketing,€packaging€or€labeling€of€any€product.€Ð tÄ ÐIt€shall€include,€but€not€be€limited€to,€all€actions€based€upon€theÐ `° Ðfollowing€theories:€strict€liability€in€tort;€negligence;€breach€ofÐ L œ Ðwarranty,€express€or€implied;€breach€of€or€failure€to€discharge€a€dutyÐ 8 ˆ Ðto€warn€or€instruct,€whether€negligent,€or€innocent;€misrepresentation,Ð $ t Ðconcealment,€or€nondisclosure,€whether€negligent,€or€innocent;€orÐ  ` Ðunder€any€other€substantive€legal€theory€in€tort€or€contractÐ ü L  Ðwhatsoever.Ðè 8 ` x` x ÐÌà8  àTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€29„28„102(6).ÐÀ Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` à.€.€.€.Иè Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àNotwithstanding,€plaintiff€argues€that€the€one„year€statute€of€limitations€forÐ pÀ Ðinjures€to€the€person€should€apply.€€òòò òSeeóóó ó€ðð€28„3„104€(1993).€€If€plaintiff€is€correct,€theÐ \¬ Ðsuit€would€have€been€timely€because€it€was€filed€within€one€year€after€SpenceÐ H˜ Ðdiscovered,€or€in€the€exercise€of€reasonable€care,€should€have€discovered,€that€he€hadÐ 4„ ÐAIDS.€€Plaintiffððs€argument€that€the€personal€injury€limitations€period,€rather€than€theÐ  p Ðproducts€liability€statute€of€repose,€should€apply€is€premised€upon€a€third€statute,Ð  \ ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€47„2„316(5),€which€reads:ÐøHÐ Ð  ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àà ¸ àThe€implied€warranties€of€merchantability€and€fitness€shall€notÐ Ð  Ðbe€applicable€to€a€contract€for€the€sale,€procurement,€processing,Ð ¼  Ðdistribution€or€use€of€human€tissues€(such€as€corneas,€bones,€orÐ ¨ø Ðorgans),€whole€blood,€plasma,€blood€products,€or€blood€derivatives.€Ð ”ä ÐSuch€human€tissues,€whole€blood,€plasma,€blood€products,€or€bloodÐ €Ð Ðderivatives€shall€not€be€considered€commodities€subject€to€sale€orÐ l¼ Ðbarter,€and€the€transplanting,€injection,€transfusion€or€other€transferÐ X ¨ Ðof€such€substances€into€the€human€body€shall€be€considered€a€medicalÐ D!” Ðservice.Ð0"€ ` x` x ÐÌà8  àPlaintiff€argues€that€because€the€statute€bars€strict€liability€claims€for€the€sale€of€bloodÐ $X" Ðproducts,€the€statute€of€repose€for€product€liability€actions€should€not€be€applied€toÐ ô$D # Ðthe€sale€of€blood€products.€€In€other€words,€plaintiff€contends€that€because€ðð€47„2„Ð à%0!$ Ð316(5)€treats€a€cause€of€action€based€upon€a€blood€product€differently€from€otherÐ Ì&"% Ðproducts€cases,€then€it€should€not€be€held€to€the€limitations€period€imposed€onÐ ¸'#& Ðproduct€liability€claims.Ф(ô#'Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àPlaintiffððs€argument€has€only€a€superficial€appeal.€€First€of€all,€merely€becauseÐ |*Ì%) Ða€legislature€decides€to€preclude€sales„based€liability€claims,€i.e.€implied€warranty€andÐ h+¸&* Ðstrict€liability,€for€blood€and€its€derivatives€because€fault€does€not€enter€the€equation,Ð ° Ðit€does€not€necessarily€follow€that€the€legislature€intends€that€blood€and€bloodÐ œì Ðproducts€be€considered€as€something€other€than€commodities€or€products€for€ò òòòallÐ ˆØ Ðóóó ópurposes.€.€.€.€€Furthermore,€the€fact€that€the€Tennessee€legislature€included€only€theÐ tÄ Ðð ðtransplanting,€injection,€transfusion€or€other€transfer€of€such€substances,ðð€in€theÐ `° Ðdefinition€of€a€ð ðmedical€service,ðð€while€deliberately€excluding€ð ðsale,€procurement,Ð L œ Ðprocessing,€distribution€or€use,ðð€reflects€an€intent€to€bar€only€strict€liability€andÐ 8 ˆ Ðwarranty„based€claims€but€to€otherwise€consider€blood€and€its€derivatives€a€productÐ $ t Ðand€not€a€service€for€liability€purposes.€€In€sum,€we€think€that€the€district€courtÐ  ` Ðcorrectly€concluded€that€plaintiffððs€negligence„based€cause€of€action€is€governed€byÐ ü L  Ðthe€products€liability€statute€of€repose,€rather€than€the€one„year€limitations€period€forÐ è 8  Ðpersonal€injuries.€€Thus,€both€plaintiffððs€statutory€claim€and€negligence€claim€areÐ Ô$  Ðtime„barred€by€ðð€29„28„103(a).ÐÀ Ð Ð  ÐÌòòò òSpenceóóó ó,€37€F.3d€at€1189„1191€(emphasis€in€original)€(footnotes€omitted).Ð ˜è  ÐÌà  àNot€surprisingly,€Plaintiffs€disagree€with€the€holding€of€òòò òSpenceóóó ó€and€encourage€this€court€notÐ pÀ Ðto€adopt€the€rationale€of€that€decision.€€They€argue€that€the€Defendants€had€a€statutory€duty€underÐ \¬ Ðsection€68„32„102€to€test€for€the€potential€presence€of€the€causative€agent€for€AIDS€and€thatÐ H˜ Ðsubsection€(c)€of€that€statute€provides€that€any€person€who€contracts€AIDS€from€contaminated€bloodÐ 4„ Ðor€blood€products€shall€have€a€cause€of€action€for€damages€against€the€supplier€of€untested€blood.€Ð  p ÐThey€contend€that€this€action€should€not€be€barred€by€the€statute€of€repose€because,€due€to€the€longÐ  \ Ðlatency€period€of€the€HIV€virus,€to€hold€otherwise€would€suggest€that€the€legislature€created€a€rightÐ øH Ðwithout€a€remedy.€€A€statute€of€limitations€governs€the€time€within€which€suit€may€be€brought€onceÐ ä4 Ða€cause€of€action€accrued.€€A€statute€of€repose€limits€the€time€within€which€an€action€may€be€brought,Ð Ð  Ðð ðbut€it€is€entirely€unrelated€to€the€accrual€of€a€cause€of€action€and€can,€in€fact,€bar€a€cause€of€actionÐ ¼  Ðbefore€it€has€accrued.ðð€€òòò òSee€Cronin€v.€Howeóóó ó,€906€S.W.2d€910,€913€(Tenn.€1995)€(citing€òòò òWatts€v.Ð ¨ø ÐPutnam€Countyóóó ó,€525€S.W.2d€488,€491€(Tenn.€1975);€òòò òCheswold€Volunteer€Fire€Co.€v.€LambertsonÐ ”ä ÐConstr.€Co.óóó ó,€489€A.2d€413,€421€(Del.€1984).€€Statutes€of€repose€are€substantive€and€extinguish€bothÐ €Ð Ðthe€right€and€the€remedy€while€statutes€of€limitations€are€procedural,€extinguishing€only€the€remedy.€Ð l¼ Ðòòò òSee€Wyatt€v.€A.€Best€Co.óóó ó,€910€S.W.2d€851€(Tenn.€1995).€€Ð X ¨ ÐÌà  àPlaintiffs€further€contend€that,€with€the€passage€of€section€47„2„316(5)׃×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€of€the€TennesseeÐ 0"€  ÐCode,€our€legislature€has€plainly€expressed€that€whole€blood,€plasma,€blood€products,€bloodÐ #l! Ðderivatives€and€other€human€tissues€described€therein€should€not€be€treated€as€products.€€Therefore,Ð $X" Ðthe€statute€of€repose€applicable€to€product€liability€actions€should€not€apply.€€As€we€have€heretoforeÐ ô$D # Ðnoted,€the€òòò òSpenceóóó ó€court€addressed€this€same€argument€and€reasoned€that€just€because€the€legislatureÐ ° Ðdecides€to€preclude€sales€based€liability€claims€such€as€implied€warranty€and€strict€liability€for€bloodÐ œì Ðand€its€derivatives€because€fault€does€not€enter€the€equation,€does€not€necessarily€mean€that€theÐ ˆØ Ðlegislature€intended€that€blood€and€blood€products€be€considered€as€something€other€thanÐ tÄ Ðcommodities€or€products€for€all€purposes.€€Ð `° ÐÌà  àWe€further€note€that€the€legislature€specifically€provided€in€the€statute€of€repose€at€sectionÐ 8 ˆ Ð29„28„103(b)€that€the€limitations€set€forth€in€subsection€(a)€ð ðshall€not€apply€to€any€action€resultingÐ $ t Ðfrom€exposure€to€asbestos€or€to€the€human€implantation€of€silicone€gel€breast€implants.ðð€€It€is€furtherÐ  ` Ðprovided€at€subsection€(c)(1)€that€the€statute€of€repose€against€the€manufacturer€or€seller€for€injuryÐ ü L  Ðcaused€by€a€silicone€gel€breast€implant€ð ðmust€be€brought€within€a€period€not€to€exceed€twenty„fiveÐ è 8  Ð(25)€years€from€the€date€the€product€was€implanted;€provided€that€such€action€must€be€brought€withinÐ Ô$  Ðfour€(4)€years€from€the€date€that€the€plaintiff€knew€or€should€have€known€of€the€injury.ðð€€Therefore,Ð À  Ðthe€legislature€chose€not€to€exclude€an€action€such€as€the€present€one€from€the€application€of€theÐ ¬ü  Ðstatute€of€repose.Ð ˜è  ÐÌà  àOnly€the€hardest€of€hearts€could€not€feel€deeply€for€the€Plaintiffs,€Michael€Jones€and€CharliÐ pÀ ÐJones.€€However,€we€are€not€permitted€to€allow€sympathy€to€enter€into€our€decisions€on€matters€ofÐ \¬ Ðlaw.€€We€conclude€that€the€blood€and€blood€products€transfused€into€Mr.€Jones€in€1986€were€in€factÐ H˜ Ðproducts€within€the€meaning€of€the€statute€of€repose€applicable€to€claims€for€product€liability.€€AsÐ 4„ Ðthe€court€noted€in€òòò òSpenceóóó ó,€section€68„32„102€does€not€reference€a€statute€of€limitations€or€repose.€Ð  p ÐÌà  àThis€Court€has€previously€held€that€the€ten€year€statute€of€repose€was€not€in€conflict€withÐ øH ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€28„3„104(b).€€In€òòò òWyatt€v.€A„Best€Products€Companyó óóó,€924€S.W.2d€98€(Tenn.€Ct.Ð ä4 ÐApp.€1995),€the€Court€said€as€follows:Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` àWyatt€argues€that€a€construction€such€as€the€one€we€have€applied€in€this€caseÐ ¨ø Ðwould€create€a€conflict€with€T.C.A.€ðð€28„3„104(b),€which€states,ДäÐ Ð  ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àFor€the€purpose€of€this€section,€in€products€liability€cases:Ðl¼` x` x Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð à(1)€The€cause€of€action€for€injury€to€the€person€shall€accrue€on€theÐ X ¨ Ðdate€of€the€personal€injury,€not€the€date€of€the€negligence€or€the€saleÐ D!” Ðof€a€product;Ð0"€ ` x` x Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð à(2)€No€person€shall€be€deprived€of€the€right€to€maintain€a€cause€ofÐ #l! Ðaction€until€one€(1)€year€from€the€date€of€the€injury;€andÐ$X"` x` x Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð à(3)€Under€no€circumstances€shall€the€cause€of€action€be€barred€beforeÐ ô$D # Ðthe€person€sustains€an€injury.Ðà%0!$` x` x ÐÌà8  àA€cursory€comparison€of€the€language€quoted€above€with€that€of€T.C.A.€ðð€29„28„Ð ¸'#& Ð103(a)€(ð ðò òòònotwithstanding€any€exceptions€to€these€provisions€óóó ó[which€would€includeÐ ¤(ô#' Ððð€28„3„104(b)]€.€.€.€òòò òin€any€eventóóó ó,€the€action€must€be€brought€within€ten€(10)€years€.Ð )à$( Ð.€.ðð€(emphasis€added))€provides€the€answer€to€that€contention€ð!ð€there€is€no€conflictÐ |*Ì%) Ðbetween€the€two€statutes.Ðh+¸&*Ð Ð  Їò òòòIdóóó ó.€at€104.Ð ° ÐÌà  àPlaintiffs€further€contend€that€this€is€an€action€for€personal€injury€and€is€thus€governed€byÐ ˆØ ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€28„3„104.€€This€statute€provides€a€one€year€statute€of€limitations€for€injuries€toÐ tÄ Ðthe€person.€€They€are€correct€in€that€the€statute€of€limitations€on€a€tort€action€commences€when€theÐ `° Ðplaintiff€discovers,€or€in€the€exercise€of€reasonable€diligence€should€have€discovered,€that€anÐ L œ Ðactionable€injury€has€occurred.€€òòò òSee€Wyatt€v.€A„Best€Co.óóó ó,€910€S.W.2d€851€(Tenn.€1995);€òòò òMcCroskeyÐ 8 ˆ Ðv.€Bryant€Air€Conditioning€Co.óóó ó,€524€S.W.2d€487€(Tenn.€1975).€€Having€determined€that€the€trialÐ $ t Ðcourt€was€correct€in€its€ruling€that€the€Plaintiffsðð€action€was€barred€by€the€ten€year€statute€of€repose,Ð  ` Ðwe€reject€this€argument.€€Ð ü L  ÐÌà  àPlaintiffs€further€rely€upon€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€29„26„116,€the€one€year€statute€of€limitationsÐ Ô$  Ðin€malpractice€actions.€€Section€(a)(2)€of€that€statute€provides:€ð ðin€the€event€the€alleged€injury€is€notÐ À  Ðdiscovered€within€such€one€(1)€year€period,€the€period€of€limitation€shall€be€one€(1)€year€from€theÐ ¬ü  Ðdate€of€such€discovery.ðð€€Having€determined€that€this€is€not€an€action€in€malpractice,€we€reject€thisÐ ˜è  Ðargument.€€Furthermore,€section€29„26„116(a)(3)€provides€for€a€three€year€statute€of€repose.€€Ð „Ô  ÐÌà  àThe€judgments€of€the€trial€court€are€affirmed€and€the€costs€of€this€appeal€are€taxed€to€theÐ \¬ ÐAppellants,€Ô_ÔMichaelÔ_Ô€Jones€and€Charli€Jones,€and€their€surety.Ð H˜ ÐÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________€Ð øH Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àDAVID€R.€FARMER,€JUDGE