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? ìàNo.€136576„3€€€€€€Hon.€Sharon€Bell,€ChancellorˆÐ H ˜ ÐÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àÔ_ÔFILEDÔ_Ô€JULY€24,€2000Ð h  Ðà@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<` A߈Ð X  ÐÌà@ ìàNo.€E1999„02317„COA„R3„CV€„€Decided€ˆÐ W  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<æ` AßÐ ç7 Ðó óÌÌPlaintiff€sued€to€reform€or€void€release€of€deed€restrictions€on€property€owned€by€defendant.€€TheÐ Ö& ÐTrial€Court€ruled€plaintiff€failed€to€establish€a€basis€for€relief€by€clear€and€convincing€evidence.€€WeÐ Æ Ðaffirm.Ð ¶ ÐÌÌÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Chancery€Court€Affirmed.ó óÐ vÆ ÐÌòòHerschel€Pickens€Franks,óó€J.,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€whichòò€Houston€M.€Goddard,Ð V¦ ÐP.J.,óó€andòò€Charles€D.€Susano,€Jr.€J.óó,€joined.Ð F– ÐÌÌG.€Wendell€Thomas€Jr.,€Knoxville,€for€Plaintiff„Appellant,€Knoxville€Community€DevelopmentÐ !f ÐCorporation.Ð "V  ÐÌJames€S.€Tipton,€Jr.,€and€Thomas€S.€Scott,€Jr.,€Knoxville,€for€Defendant„Appellee,€Ô_ÔWoodfamÔ_ÔÐ æ#6" ÐInvestments,€L.P..Ð Ö$& # ÐÌÌà@55'ìàò òOPINIONó óˆÐ ¦'ö"& ÐÌòòóóà0  àà0` (#(#àÐ ` (#` (# Ðà  àà ` àKnoxville€community€Development€Corporation€(formerly€known€as€KnoxvilleÐ v*Æ%) ÐHousing€Authority,€and€referred€to€herein€as€ð ðÔ_ÔKCDCÔ_Ôðð)€filed€this€action€to€reform€or€void€a€releaseÐ f+¶&* Ðof€deed€restrictions€on€property€transferred€by€KCDC€to€Woodfamððs€predecessor.€€The€ComplaintÐ V,¦'+ Ðalleges€the€language€of€the€release€relating€to€the€Woodfam€tract€was€ð ðthe€result€of€a€mutual€mistakeÐ F-–(,ý  Ðbetween€Regency€(Woodfamððs€predecessor)€and€[KCDC].ðð€€Ð ° ÐÌà  àà ` àAt€trial,€KCDC€offered€€proof€and€rested€its€case€and€on€motion€pursuant€to€T.R.C.P.Ð à Ð41.01(2),€the€Chancellor€dismissed€KCDCððs€cause€of€action€with€prejudice,€and€held€that€KCDCÐ €Ð Ðð ðhas€not€shown€by€clear€and€convincing€evidence,€that€the€release€was€obtained€without€[KCDC]Ð pÀ Ðboard€approvalðð€and€that€KCDC€also€failed€to€show,€by€clear€and€convincing€evidence,€that€thereÐ ` ° Ðwas€any€proof€justifying€reformation€of€the€release€by€mutual€or€unilateral€mistake.Ð P   ÐÌà  àà ` àWhen€a€motion€to€dismiss€is€made€under€T.R.C.P.€41.02(2),€at€the€conclusion€of€theÐ 0 € Ðplaintiffððs€proof,€the€trial€court€must€weigh€the€evidence€as€it€would€at€the€conclusion€of€all€the€proofÐ  p  Ðand€determine€whether€ð ðthe€plaintiffððs€case€has€.€.€.€been€made€out€by€a€preponderance€of€theÐ `  ÐÔ_Ôevidence.ððÔ_Ô€€òòCity€of€Columbia€v.€Ô_ÔC.F.W.Ô_Ô€Construction€Co.óó,€557€S.W.2d€734,€740€(Tenn.€1977).€€OurÐ P  Ðreview€is€òòde€novoóó€upon€the€record€of€the€Trial€Court,€and€no€presumption€attaches€to€the€TrialÐ ð@  ÐCourtððs€conclusions€of€law.€€T.R.A.P.€Rule€13(d).€€òòUnion€Carbide€Corp.€v.€Huddlestonóó,€854€S.W.2dÐ à0  Ð87,€91€(Tenn.€1993).Ð Ð  ÐÌà  àà ` àIn€February€of€1971,€KCDC€agreed€to€sell€to€Knoxville€Housing€Partnership€certainÐ ° Ðland€parcels€in€the€area€of€Knoxville€known€as€Mountain€View€Urban€Renewal€Project.€€At€the€time,Ð  ð ÐParcel€21€(the€property€at€issue€in€this€case)€contained€approximately€20€acres.€€The€Contract€referredÐ à Ðto€ð ðPhase€Iðð€and€ð ðPhase€IIðð€of€Parcel€21,€and€provided€for€different€rights€and€obligations€withÐ €Ð Ðrespect€to€each€phase.€€The€Contract€required€that€the€development€of€Phase€I€occur€within€certainÐ pÀ Ðdefinite€time€periods,€but€provided€that€development€of€Phase€II€would€occur€ð ðas€soon€after€DeedÐ `° Ðas€is€practicable.ððÐ P  ÐÌà  àà ` àIn€February€of€1973,€KCDC€deeded€Parcel€21€to€Knoxville€Housing€Partnership.€€TheÐ 0€ ÐDeed€contained€several€restrictions,€including€a€restriction€that€ð ðthe€grantee,€its€successors€andÐ  p Ðassigns,€shall€never€dispose€of€the€unimproved€property€for€profit.ðð€€Ð ` ÐÌà  àà ` àIn€June€1976,€Knoxville€Housing€Partnership€conveyed€Phase€I€of€Parcel€21€toÐ ð@ ÐRegency€Properties,€Ltd.,€(ð ðRegencyðð),€an€entity€whose€members€included€Pat€Wood€and€hisÐ à0 Ðbrothers.€€Regency€constructed€a€development€on€Phase€I€which€is€now€occupied€by€Sun€Trust€Bank.€Ð Ð  ÐIn€1977,€after€this€development€by€Regency,€KCDC€filed€a€release€that€released€Phase€I€from€theÐ À! ÐDeed€restrictions.Ð °"  ÐÌà  àà ` àBy€deeds€in€1976€and€1980,€Pat€Wood€acquired€Knoxville€Housing€Partnershipððs€titleÐ $à" Ðto€Phase€II€of€Parcel€21,€consisting€of€about€15€acres.€€In€a€condemnation€action,€the€State€ofÐ €%Ð # ÐTennessee€took,€by€eminent€domain,€approximately€5€acres€of€Phase€II,€leaving€Wood€without€aboutÐ p&À!$ Ðten€aces€of€undeveloped€property.Ð `'°"% ÐÌà  àà ` àOn€December€10,€1984,€KCDCððs€Executive€Director,€Gregory€Kern,€and€Pat€WoodÐ @)$' Ðsigned€an€ð ðAffidavitðð.€€The€Affidavit€recited€that€ð ðall€terms€and€conditions€of€that€certain€AgreementÐ 0*€%( Ðdated€February€16,€1973,€executed€by€the€Knoxville€Housing€Partnership€and€the€Knoxville€HousingÐ  +p&) ÐAuthority€.€.€.€have€been€fully€satisfied€and€the€Agreement€is€therefore€of€no€further€force€and€effect.ðð€Ð ,`'* ÐThe€Agreement€referred€to,€set€forth€Knoxville€Housing€Partnershipððs€duty€to€provide€KCDC€withÐ ° Ðconstruction€plans€and€dates€of€the€anticipated€commencement€and€completion€of€all€construction.€Ð  ð ÐWhen€the€Affidavit€was€signed,€KCDC€knew€that€Phase€II€of€Parcel€21€remained€undeveloped,€andÐ à Ðthat€no€ð ðdates€of€anticipated€constructionðð€and€no€ð ðconstruction€plansðð€had€ever€been€provided€asÐ €Ð Ðspecifically€required€by€the€February€16,€1973€Agreement.Ð pÀ ÐÌà  àà ` àOn€August€1,€1986,€Pat€Wood€deeded€the€ten€undeveloped€acres€remaining€in€PhaseÐ P   ÐII€to€Woodfam,€whose€partners€included€Mr.€Wood€and€members€of€his€family.€€Ð @  ÐÌà  àà ` àIn€1991,€Wood€learned€that€his€brothers,€who€then€owned€Regency,€were€refinancingÐ  p  Ðthe€five€acre€Regency€property.€€Although€KCDC€had€filed€a€release€from€the€conveyance€restrictionÐ `  Ðin€1977€for€those€five€acres,€the€prospective€lenderððs€title€insurance€company€required€anotherÐ P  Ðrelease.€€After€learning€that€a€new€release€on€Parcel€I€was€required,€Pat€Wood€contacted€RegencyððsÐ ð@  Ðattorney€and€asked€him€to€include€in€the€Release€Phase€II€of€Parcel€21,€including€the€Woodfam€Tract.Ð à0  ÐÌà  àà ` àThe€Release€was€signed€by€William€W.€Baxter,€Chairman€of€KCDCððs€Board€ofÐ À ÐCommissioners,€on€December€31,€1991,€and€recorded€that€day€in€the€Office€of€the€Register€of€DeedsÐ ° Ðfor€Knox€County.€€Baxter€testified€that€he€had€no€memory€of€signing€the€Release,€but€did€recognizeÐ  ð Ðhis€signature€as€authentic.€€He€stated€that€it€was€his€ð ðfirm€opinion€and€beliefðð€that€he€would€not€haveÐ à Ðsigned€the€Release€had€it€not€been€under€the€authority€of€either€senior€staff€or€counsel€for€KCDC€orÐ €Ð Ðthe€recommendation€from€them€to€sign.€€Baxter€had€been€a€practicing€attorney€as€well€as€aÐ pÀ Ðbusinessman,€and€testified€that€when€he€signed€the€Release,€he€knew€what€a€release€was,€whatÐ `° Ðrestrictions,€covenants€and€conditions€in€deeds€were,€and€knew€that€his€signing€a€release€of€deedÐ P  Ðrestrictions€was€a€ð ðsignificant€thing€to€do.ðð€€Baxterððs€signature€on€the€Release€was€notarized€by€Mr.Ð @ ÐShanks.Ð 0€ ÐÌà  àà ` àThere€is€a€presumption€that€a€writing€expresses€the€intention€and€understanding€ofÐ ` Ðthe€parties.€€òòDavidson€v.€Greeróó,€35€Tenn.€384€(Tenn.€1855).€€òòKyle€v.€Kyleóó,€74€S.W.2d€1065€(Tenn.Ð P ÐCt.€App.€1934).€€However,€written€contracts€and€instruments€may€be€reformed€upon€a€showing€ofÐ ð@ Ða€mutual€mistake€or€fraud.€€òòPierce€v.€Flynnóó,€656€S.W.2d€42,€46€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1983).€€To€be€subjectÐ à0 Ðto€correction,€the€mistake€in€the€instrument€must€have€been€mutual€or€there€must€have€been€a€mistakeÐ Ð  Ðof€one€party€influenced€by€the€fraud€of€the€other.€€òòId.óó€€In€order€to€reform€an€instrument€based€uponÐ À! Ðmutual€mistake,€evidence€must€be€clear€,€cogent€and€convincing.€€òòRentenbach€Engineering€Co.€v.Ð °"  ÐGeneral€Realty€Lt.,óó€707€S.W.2d€524,€527€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1985).Ð  #ð! ÐÌà  àà ` àKCDC€argues€that€the€execution,€delivery€and€recording€of€the€part€of€the€ReleaseÐ €%Ð # Ðthat€applies€to€the€Woodfam€Property€was€the€result€of€a€mutual€mistake,€and€that€the€true€intentionÐ p&À!$ Ðof€Mr.€Baxter€was€to€release€only€the€Regency€Property€from€the€covenants€and€restrictions.Ð `'°"% ÐÌà  àà ` àA€ð ðmutual€mistakeðð€is€necessarily€one€where€both€parties€were€in€error€regardingÐ @)$' Ðsome€material€fact.€€However,€KCDC€alleges€nothing€in€its€complaints€regarding€a€mistake€on€theÐ 0*€%( Ðpart€of€Woodfam.€€Not€only€did€KCDC€fail€to€set€forth€their€claim€of€mutual€mistake€in€theirÐ  +p&) Ðcomplaint,€they€also€failed€to€produce€any€proof€that€Woodfam€or€its€agents€entered€into€the€contractÐ ,`'* Ðbased€upon€such€mistake.€€KCDC€attempts€to€base€its€arguments€on€the€fact€that€WoodÐ ° Ðacknowledged€that€the€Woodfam€tract€could€not€be€disposed€of€for€profit€while€undeveloped,€andÐ  ð Ðadmitted€that€the€Woodfam€Tract€had€not€been€developed.€€This€is€not€evidence€that€Wood€wasÐ à Ðmistaken€about€the€Release€or€intended€anything€other€than€what€was€written€on€the€face€of€theÐ €Ð ÐRelease.€€However,€it€does€provide€Wood€with€a€motive€for€seeking€the€release€from€KCDC.Ð pÀ ÐÌà  àà ` àWoodððs€testimony€that€Woodfam€intended€for€the€Release€to€apply€to€all€of€KCDCððsÐ P   Ðrights€in€Parcel€21€is€uncontradicted.Ð @  ÐÌà  àà ` àAlternatively,€KCDC€argues€that€the€Release€should€be€reformed€because€of€aÐ  p  Ðunilateral€mistake,€citing€76€C.J.S.€Reformation€of€Instruments€ðð28(c)€to€say€that€ð ðeven€a€unilateralÐ `  Ðmistake€is€grounds€for€reformation€of€an€instrument€when€the€person€who€profits€from€theÐ P  Ðunreformed€instrument€has€given€no€consideration€for€what€it€received.ðð€€KCDC€did€not€allegeÐ ð@  Ðunilateral€mistake€in€their€Complaint€or€in€any€of€their€subsequent€amended€complaints,€but€did€raiseÐ à0  Ðthe€issue€before€the€Trial€Judge.€€The€Court€ruled,€however,€that€because€there€was€an€avowedÐ Ð  Ðstatement€of€consideration,€there€could€be€no€relief€for€unilateral€mistake.Ð À ÐÌà  àà ` àÔ_ÔKCDCÔ_Ôððs€witness,€Tiller,€senior€vice„president€and€director€of€redevelopment,€testifiedÐ  ð Ðthat€the€meaning€of€the€Release€is€clear€on€its€face,€plainly€stating€that€it€releases€all€of€KCDCððsÐ à Ðrights€in€all€of€Parcel€21.€€While€KCDC€alleges€that€Baxter€believed€that€the€Release€only€appliedÐ €Ð Ðto€the€Regency€property€and€that€he€did€not€intend€to€release€the€Woodfam€Property€from€theÐ pÀ Ðrestrictions€and€covenants,€KCDC€failed€to€offer€proof€of€such€beliefs€and€intentions.€€Instead,Ð `° ÐBaxter€testified€he€had€no€recollection€of€any€of€the€events€surrounding€the€Release.€€When€askedÐ P  Ðif€he€thought€it€would€make€a€difference€to€him€in€his€review€whether€the€Release€applied€to€theÐ @ Ðwhole€tract€or€just€that€being€released,€he€said€he€had€no€idea€and€did€not€remember€this€being€anÐ 0€ Ðissue€at€the€time.€€Ð  p ÐÌà  àà ` àNone€of€the€parties€involved€had€any€recollection€of€the€events€surrounding€theÐ P Ðexecution€of€the€Release.€€It€is€undisputed€that€Baxter€signed€the€Release€and€that€Shanks€notarizedÐ ð@ Ðthe€signature,€and€that€it€was€duly€recorded.€€It€is€clearòòóó€on€the€face€of€the€Release€that€it€applied€toÐ à0 Ðall€the€property€in€Parcel€21.Ð Ð  ÐÌà  àà ` àKCDC€argues€that€the€ultimate€decision€to€release€property€from€a€developmentÐ °"  Ðrestriction€must€be€made€by€KCDCððs€Board€of€Commissioners.€€They€submit€that€in€order€to€obtainÐ  #ð! Ða€release,€the€owner€of€the€property€must€demonstrate€that€the€property€has€been€developed€inÐ $à" Ðaccordance€with€an€approved€plan,€and€the€Board€then€requires€a€review€of€the€property€to€be€Ð €%Ð # Ðreleased,€and€the€only€person€on€KCDCððs€staff€who€could€perform€such€review€was€Dan€Tiller.Ð p&À!$ ÐÌà  àà ` àKCDC€relies€on€the€testimony€of€Tiller€and€Mr.€Ô_ÔDeBruhlÔ_Ô,€executive€director€to€showÐ P( #& Ðthat€the€Board€has€to€review€such€releases,€and€that€such€a€review€was€not€performed€of€the€ReleaseÐ @)$' Ðin€question.€€Tiller€testified€that€he€did€not€remember€ever€reviewing€the€Release€or€recommendingÐ 0*€%( Ðitððs€execution,€and€that€he€could€not€have€done€so€and€subsequently€forgotten€about€it.€€TillerÐ  +p&) Ðtestified€that€the€Release€was€not€considered€by€the€Board€at€its€December€1991€meeting,€and€thatÐ ,`'* Ðhe€never€ð ðreceived€any€reportðð€of€any€Board€action€regarding€the€Release.Ð ° ÐÌà  àà ` àDespite€KCDCððs€insistence€that€the€Release€was€not€authorized€because€Tiller€neverÐ à Ðreviewed€it,€there€are€conflicting€statements€in€the€testimony€of€both€Tiller€and€DeBruhl€as€to€theÐ €Ð Ðprocedure€for€getting€a€release€authorized€and€signed.€€Both€men€testified€that€while€it€was€KCDCððsÐ pÀ Ðgeneral€practice€for€the€Board€to€seek€review€and€approval€before€authorizing€releases,€they€admittedÐ ` ° Ðthat€there€was€no€formal€rule€regarding€the€procedure,€and€in€fact,€the€Board€did€have€the€power€toÐ P   Ðauthorize€such€releases€without,€or€even€contrary€to,€staff€review€and€recommendation.€€Tiller€furtherÐ @  Ðadmitted€that€the€Board€ð ðhas€the€power€to€delegate€the€execution€of€such€releases€to€one€or€more€ofÐ 0 € Ðits€members€„€to€a€chairman,€to€its€staff,€or€to€counsel.ðð€€DeBruhl€similarly€testified€that€the€BoardÐ  p  Ðcould€delegate€ð ðthe€review€procedure€and€the€release€function€to€one€or€more€of€its€own€Board€orÐ `  Ðto€one€or€more€of€the€staff€or€to€counsel.€.€.€.ðð€€Baxter€testified€that€while€he€did€not€remember€theÐ P  ÐRelease,€he€believed€that€he€would€not€have€signed€the€Release€without€property€authorization.€€InÐ ð@  Ðsigning€the€Release,€Baxter€had€to€swear€that€he€had€the€authority€to€sign€it€ð ðfor€the€purposes€thereinÐ à0  Ðcontainedðð.€€He€testified€that€he€was€certain€he€would€not€have€so€sworn€without€authority.Ð Ð  ÐÌà  àà ` àKCDC€also€relies€on€general€theories€of€law€regarding€municipal€corporations€inÐ ° Ðsupport€of€its€claim€that€it€should€not€be€bound€by€Baxterððs€action,€citing€to€McQuillen€MunicipalÐ  ð ÐCorporations€at€ðð29.15,€which€states€that€members€of€a€council€or€board€of€a€public€corporationÐ à Ðcannot€separately€and€individually€enter€into€a€contract€which€will€bind€the€municipality.€€It€alsoÐ €Ð Ðpoints€out€that€because€it€is€a€municipal€agency,€the€extent€to€which€it€is€bound€by€the€agents€orÐ pÀ Ðemployees€is€more€strictly€scrutinized€than€the€actions€of€agents€of€employees€of€privateÐ `° Ðcorporations,€and€as€a€result,€courts€are€reluctant€to€find€that€an€officer€of€an€entity€has€an€ð ðimpliedÐ P  Ðpowerðð€on€behalf€of€that€entity.€òòMcDonald€v.€Scott€Countyóó,€87€S.W.2d€1019,€1021€(Tenn.€1935).Ð @ Ѐ€Ð 0€ Ðà  àà ` àHowever,€the€authorities€cited€by€KCDC€suggest€that€Baxterððs€execution€of€theÐ  p ÐRelease€would€be€valid,€even€if€not€properly€authorized,€based€upon€the€fact€that€it€was€a€matter€ofÐ ` Ðcommon€knowledge€that€under€KCDCððs€by„laws,€the€Board€chairman€had€the€authority€to€executeÐ P Ðreleases.€€Ð ð@ ÐÌà0  àà0` (#(#àà ¸ àExcept€where€power€to€make€a€particular€contract€is€especially€given€to€someÐ Ð  Ðofficer€or€agent,€or€there€appears€to€be€a€clear€course€of€dealing€with€the€worldÐ À! Ðimplying€authority€in€an€officer€or€agent,€a€corporate€contract€can€be€made€only€by,Ð °"  Ðor€with€the€authority€of€the€Board€of€Directors.Р#ð!` (#` (# ÐÌ19€C.J.S.€Corporations€ðð615.Ð €%Ð # ÐÌà  àà ` àÔ_ÔKCDCÔ_Ô€has€failed€to€show,€by€clear€and€convincing€evidence€as€the€Trial€Court€found,Ð `'°"% Ðthat€Baxter€did€not€have€actual€authority€to€sign€the€Release.€€KCDC€bases€its€claim€on€the€fact€thatÐ P( #& Ðthere€is€no€concrete€evidence€that€Baxter€had€the€authority€to€sign€the€Release.€€However,€KCDC€hadÐ @)$' Ðthe€burden,€and€the€absence€of€proof€of€authority€does€not€amount€to€clear€and€convincing€proof€ofÐ 0*€%( Ðlack€of€authority.€€Moreover,€KCDCððs€evidence€suggests€a€Release€may€be€authorized,€even€whereÐ  +p&) ÐTiller€did€not€review€it.Ð ,`'* Їà  àà ` àFinally,€KCDC€argues€that€as€a€matter€of€law€such€release€was€proscribed€byÐ ° ÐTennessee€Code€Annotated€ðð13„20„204(b)€and€ðð13„20„409.€€Those€sections€provide€in€pertinent€part:Ð  ð ÐÌà0  àà0` (#(#àò ò13„20„204.€Land€Used€in€Accordance€with€Redevelopment€Plan.ó ó€.€.€.€(b)(1)€ToÐ €Ð Ðassure€that€land€acquired€in€a€redevelopment€project€is€used€in€accordance€with€theÐ pÀ Ðredevelopment€plan,€an€authority,€upon€sale€or€lease€of€such€land,€shall€obligate€theÐ ` ° Ðpurchasers€or€lessees€to:ÐP  ` (#` (# ÐÌà0  àà0` (#(#àà ¸ à(A)€Use€the€land€for€the€purpose€designated€in€the€redevelopment€plan:Ð0 €` (#` (# ÐÌà0  àà0` (#(#àà ¸ à(B)€Begin€the€building€of€their€improvements€within€a€period€of€time€whichÐ `  Ðthe€authority€fixes€as€reasonable.€.€.ÐP ` (#` (# ÐÌà0  àà0` (#(#àà ¸ à(C)€Comply€with€such€other€conditions€as€are€necessary€to€carry€out€theÐ à0  Ðpurposes€of€this€chapter.ÐÐ ` (#` (# ÐÌà0  àà0` (#(#à(2)€Any€such€obligations€by€the€purchaser€shall€be€covenants€and€conditions€runningÐ ° Ðwith€the€land€where€the€authority€so€stipulates.Рð` (#` (# ÐÌà0  àà0` (#(#àò ò13„20„409€Duties.ó ó€€The€Authority€and€its€commissioners€shall€be€under€a€statutoryÐ €Ð Ðduty€to€comply€or€to€cause€compliance€strictly€with€all€provisions€of€this€chapter,€andÐ pÀ Ðthe€laws€of€the€state€and€in€addition€thereto€with€each€and€every€term,€provision€andÐ `° Ðcovenant€in€any€contract€of€the€authority€on€its€part€to€be€kept€or€performed.ÐP ` (#` (# ÐÌà  àà ` àThe€language€of€the€statutes€does€not€prohibit€the€release€of€undeveloped€propertyÐ 0€ Ðunder€all€circumstances.€€The€statutes€provide€that€the€property€should€be€used€in€accordance€withÐ  p Ða€ð ðredevelopment€planðð€set€up€by€a€government€authority€for€the€development€of€a€certain€area.€Ð ` ÐThere€is€nothing€that€requires€development€of€every€parcel€or€that€prohibits€KCDC€from€determiningÐ P Ðhow€much€development€of€a€parcel€should€be€required.€€KCDC€deeded€Parcel€21€to€WoodfamððsÐ ð@ Ðpredecessors,€and€required€development€of€Phase€I€to€occur€within€a€definite€time€period.€€It€onlyÐ à0 Ðrequired€that€development€of€Phase€II€be€accomplished€as€soon€as€ð ðpracticableðð.€€KCDC€never€actedÐ Ð  Ðfor€over€26€years€since€the€contract€date€to€declare€a€default€for€non„development€of€Phase€II.€Ð À! ÐMoreover,€Tiller€testified€at€trial€that€KCDC€had€the€power€to€decide€that€in€certain€circumstances,Ð °"  Ðdevelopment€of€a€certain€portion€of€property€within€an€urban€renewal€project€would€not€be€required,Ð  #ð! Ðand€to€omit€the€development€restrictions€altogether,€for€the€overall€benefit€of€the€project.Ð $à" ÐÌà  àà ` àWhile€ðð13„20„204€states€that€the€restrictions€are€to€ð ðrun€with€the€landðð,€T.C.A.€ðð13„Ð p&À!$ Ð20„104€permits€Ô_ÔKCDCÔ_Ô€to€release€deed€restrictions.׃ ×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€Ð `'°"% Їà0  àà0` (#(#àò òó óÐ ` (#` (# ÐÌà  àà ` àWe€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€Trial€Court€that€KCDC€did€not€meet€the€burden€ofÐ à Ðshowing€a€lack€of€authority€to€release€the€deed€restrictions€by€clear€and€convincing€evidence.Ð €Ð ÐÌà  àà ` àThe€cost€of€the€cause€is€assessed€to€the€appellant,€and€the€cause€remanded.Ð ` ° ÐÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à_____________________________Ð  p  Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àòòHerschel€Pickens€Franks,€JudgeóóÐ `  Ð