ÿWPC )p"þØg韮jšdÚàäY0èÛ/àÓØˆb6öWuj¬ÅÉ$¯0;­E²œÒx)…lþL, !3&ˆã×BÖ(Ìh¹@Fã5õãÿÐ'¸:®Þo™ÞÓOØøò6·tq$mÐÌÁ…S#œÍµ–÷µOò€¦ùªbm´ÈWô\ÐÙ$a&ÞÄC„ÔÅ ò| =OHØ‹Ûÿe%Zãä&·ùõÅvø”r 1”-øÜŽRO•swÚ°†R’$매cs·¥MVJ#XX°m£‘§¼ÏäoÈ7½ ÜgFàɈ [•ç´áG¦ýÜ=ZsŠÛ¹ô“³¶Ahk8Ÿ‰`ZSÙüš Î]ÌÕ+tû>W´ûAÏDW‘™‹ªÚ¹õ»L°£UN8†x¤OYÑó$—Ÿ^k»Â†Š¶CÜ1ã¡σ‰Ïõ/öá-àiÆHذài@EaRóÉ(tWÃZ˜žN/Û¶}pgú»$UgöˆY´ÈavÈÛ†%çd'Æu4?ŠwJLX1x ÷¨úñbZh3sMjAixææÀʼSò¶ æ8g¤w¬øûúÿô†#4TYoßLÕopū؟OWÐI¿VÕMs²Vüîg¶AB¶b#Á\ % UN# 0ˆq UNù 0 cG 1‡ª z1 Ò« 1u} 1‡ò 72y ^ « Æ· Æ}ÆCÆ ­ÏN| 0D~wÂEÆ4ÈÜë mííííííííííííííííííííb 0ë     B÷÷ 0¤ D3¸ D-ë 0K AScƶ 0¤| 0D  A«d˜HP LaserJet 4050 Series PCL 5eÈÈ,,,,ÈÈ0»(ÖÃ9 Z‹6Times New Roman Regular(`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman Regular(;3£$´´Ô2#ÔÚ  Ú0Ú  Ú.Ô3  Ôà0  à(EhCEKQW]cioAutoList2I.I.I.I.I.I.I.I. ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt3#37=CIQYag­­1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)(5hCEKQW]cioAutoList1I.I.I.I.I.I.I.I. i)fxP+s Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5 £Ý ƒR)1$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôáò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ô€€Section€36„5„101(e)(1)€of€the€Tennessee€Code€provides:Ð ° ÐÓ °ÓÓ °ÓIn€making€its€determination€concerning€the€amount€of€support€of€any€minor€childÐ tÄ Ðor€children€of€the€parties,€the€court€shall€apply€as€a€rebuttable€presumption€the€childÐ 8ˆ Ðsupport€guidelines€as€provided€in€this€subsection.€€If€the€court€finds€that€evidenceÐ üL Ðis€sufficient€to€rebut€this€presumption,€the€court€shall€make€a€written€finding€that€theÐ À Ðapplication€of€the€child€support€guidelines€would€be€unjust€or€inappropriate€in€thatÐ „Ô Ðparticular€case,€in€order€to€provide€for€the€best€interest€of€the€child(ren)€or€theÐ H ˜ Ðequity€between€the€parties.€€Findings€that€the€application€of€the€guidelines€would€beÐ  \ Ðunjust€or€inappropriate€shall€state€the€amount€of€support€that€would€have€beenÐ Ð  Ðordered€under€the€child€support€guidelines€and€a€justification€for€the€variance€fromÐ ” ä  Ðthe€guidelines.(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóój5+~12$Õ£3|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ- ù-(|G2)1$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€[å»»dXXdì8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôáò»»Ô d(|3Él$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€[å»»dXXdì8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV'ÿÿdxd)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3Él$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€[å»»dXXdì8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€[å»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÔ€¼[å»»»ÔÑ8€ 9XXdì»»d8ÑÑ  Ñà@ü ü ìàÔ‡îWt[åÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@kk$ìàAT€NASHVILLEÔ#†¼[å»îîWt #ԈРÖ& ÐÓ  ÓJULY€9,€2001€SessionÐ üL ÐÔ‡X 9X»¼[åÔÌò òÔ#†¼[å»XX 9ñ#ÔWENDY€KINGòòóó€v.€TIMOTHY€KINGòòóóÔ‡X 9X»¼[åÔó óÐ úJ ÐÌà@@½½ìàò òDirect€Appeal€from€the€Circuit€Court€for€Warren€CountyÐ ú J Ðà@@øøìàNo.€9805;€The€Honorable€Charles€Ô_ÔHastonÔ_Ô,€JudgeÐ æ 6 ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<©` AßÐ ªú  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€M2000„00424„Ô_ÔCOAÔ_Ô„R3„CV€„€Filed€September€11,€Ô_Ô2001Ô_ÔÐ ¥õ  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<|` AßÐ }Í  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓÔ‡X 9XXX 9ÔThis€appeal€arises€from€a€divorce€and€custody€dispute.€€The€trial€court€awarded€custody€of€theÐ xÈ  Ðpartiesðð€four€minor€children€to€the€father,€and€the€court€awarded€the€mother€liberal€visitation.€€TheÐ d´ Ðmother€appeals€the€decision€of€the€court€below.€€For€the€following€reasons,€we€affirm€in€part,€reverseÐ P  Ðin€part,€and€remand€to€the€trial€court€for€further€proceedings€consistent€with€this€opinion.Ð <Œ ÐÔ#†X 9XXX 9Ö#ÔÔ#†¼[å»XX 9]#ÔÔ‡X 9X»¼[åÔÌÓÊÓÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3;€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Circuit€Court€Affirmed€in€Part,Ð P ÐReversed€in€Part€and€Remandedó óÐ ì< ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼[å»àX 9#ÔÔ‡X 9X.¼[åÔAlan€E.€Highers,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòDavid€R.€Farmer,€J.,óó€and€òòHollyÐ Ä ÐKirby€Lillard,€J.óó,€joined.Ð ° ÐÌRobert€W.€Newman,€John€P.€Ô_ÔPartinÔ_Ô,€Ô_ÔMcMinnvilleÔ_Ô,€TN,€for€AppellantÐ ˆØ ÐÌKeith€S.€Smart,€Ô_ÔMcMinnvilleÔ_Ô,€TN,€for€AppelleeÐ `° ÐÓðÓÌò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼[å»XX 9#ÔÔ‡X 9X»¼[åÔÐ 8!ˆ  ÐòòóóÔ#†¼[å»XX 9+ #ÔÔ‡X 9X»¼[åÔÓ  Óò òÔ‡X 9XXX 9Ôà@ìì*ìàˆÌà@ÿÿìàFacts€and€Procedural€HistoryòòˆÐ #`" ÐÌó óóóà  àThe€parties€in€this€case€are€Wendy€King€(Mother),€and€Timothy€King€(Father).€€The€partiesÐ è$8 $ Ðwere€married€on€July€21,€1987,€and€they€separated€in€June€of€1998.€€There€were€four€minor€childrenÐ Ô%$!% Ðborn€of€the€marriage.€Ð À&"& ÐÌà  àDuring€the€numerous€divorce€and€custody€hearings,€the€trial€court€heard€evidence€that€wasÐ ˜(è#( Ðdamaging€to€both€parties.€€For€example,€the€court€heard€testimony€about€Motherððs€obsessive€use€ofÐ „)Ô$) Ðthe€internet.€€€Mother€corresponded€regularly€with€several€internet€pen€pals€and€internet€lovers,€andÐ p*À%* Ðonce€she€described€herself€as€a€ð ðporn€starðð€to€one€of€her€internet€acquaintances.€Sometimes,€menÐ \+¬&+ ÐMother€met€over€the€internet€would€travel€to€her€home€for€extended€visits.€€Also,€Mother€traveledÐ H,˜', Ðto€various€states€to€meet€men€she€had€met€over€the€internet,€and€she€admitted€to€having€sexualÐ 4-„(-ý Ðrelations€with€two€men€she€had€met€over€the€internet.€€While€Mother€was€away€visiting€with€herÐ ° Ðinternet€lovers,€Father€would€stay€home€and€take€care€of€the€children.Ð œì ÐÌà  àThere€was€also€testimony€that€was€very€damaging€to€Father.€€For€instance,€Father€fired€aÐ tÄ Ðpistol€in€the€home€to€imitate€the€act€of€suicide.€€Additionally,€Father€made€a€video€of€himselfÐ `° Ðmasturbating€while€his€infant€child€was€present€in€another€room€in€the€home.€€€While€Father€alsoÐ L œ Ðadmits€to€engaging€in€unscrupulous€behavior€on€the€internet,€he€denies€having€extramarital€affairsÐ 8 ˆ Ðwith€any€of€his€internet€acquaintances.€Ð $ t ÐÌà  àOn€December€15,€1998,€the€trial€court€granted€temporary€legal€custody€of€the€partiesðð€fourÐ ü L  Ðminor€children€to€the€Department€of€Childrenððs€Services€with€temporary€physical€custody€to€remainÐ è 8  Ðwith€Mother.€€On€June€8,€1999,€the€parties€were€granted€a€divorce€on€the€grounds€of€inappropriateÐ Ô$  Ðmarital€conduct.€€€On€November€24,€1999,€the€court€ordered€that€physical€custody€of€the€children€beÐ À  Ðremoved€from€Mother€and€be€placed€with€the€paternal€grandparents,€Cecil€and€Evelyn€King.€€Finally,Ð ¬ü  Ðon€January€28,€2000,€the€trial€court€awarded€physical€and€legal€custody€to€Father,€and€the€courtÐ ˜è  Ðgranted€liberal€visitation€to€Mother.€€€The€court€also€ordered€Mother€to€pay€$30.00€per€week€in€childÐ „Ô  Ðsupport.€Ð pÀ ÐÌà  àMother€appeals€the€decision€of€the€trial€court,€and€presents€the€following€issues€for€ourÐ H˜ Ðreview:Ð 4„ ÐÌÓ€ (5h83 ÓÝ"‚3£"ÝÝ  ÝÝ‚3£‘ÝÔ25hÔÚ  ÚIÚ  Ú.Ô3  Ôà0  àÝ  ÝWhether€the€trial€court€erred€in€considering€evidence€previously€excluded€as€inadmissibleÐ  \ Ðhearsay.݃3£‘¾ÝŒÐøH(#(# ÐŒÝ  ÝÝ"‚3£"ÝÝ  ÝÝ‚3£ÐÝÔ25hÔÚ  ÚIIÚ  Ú.Ô3  Ôà0  àÝ  ÝWhether€the€weight€of€the€evidence€preponderates€against€the€decision€of€the€trial€court.݃3£ÐýÝŒÐä4(#(# ÐŒÝ  ÝÌAdditionally,€Father€presents€the€following€two€issues€for€our€review:Ð ¼  ÐÌØ! !ØÓ€ (Eh88 ÓÝ"‚3£"ÝÝ  ÝÝ‚3£òÝÔ2EhÔÚ  ÚIÚ  Ú.Ô3  Ôà0  àÝ  ÝWhether€this€court€should€uphold€the€trial€courtððs€ruling€since€Mother€failed€to€provide€a€fullÐ ”ä Ðtranscript€or€statement€of€the€evidence.݃3£ò݌ЀÐ(#(# ÐŒÝ  ÝÝ"‚3£"ÝÝ  ÝÝ‚3£ZÝÔ2EhÔÚ  ÚIIÚ  Ú.Ô3  Ôà0  àÝ  ÝWhether€the€trial€court€erred€in€awarding€child€support€which€deviated€more€than€ten€percentÐ l¼ Ðfrom€the€Guideline€amounts€without€a€written€statement€of€the€reasons€for€such€deviation.€Ð X ¨ Ð݃3£Z‡ÝŒÐ (#(# ÐŒÝ  ÝÌò òòòÓ  ÓóóStandard€of€ReviewòòÐ #l! ÐÌó óóóÓ  Óà  àOur€review€of€the€trial€court's€custody€decision€is€governed€by€Rule€13(d)€of€the€TennesseeÐ ô$D # ÐRules€of€Appellate€Procedure.€€See€òòÔ_ÔRuyleÔ_Ô€v.€Ô_ÔRuyleÔ_Ôóó,€928€S.W.2d€439,€441€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1996);Ð à%0!$ ÐòòKoch€v.€Kochóó,€874€S.W.2d€571,€575€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1993).€€Rule€13(d)€requires€this€court,€inÐ Ì&"% Ðconducting€a€òòde€novoóó€review€of€the€record,€to€presume€that€the€trial€court's€factual€findings€areÐ ¸'#& Ðcorrect,€unless€the€evidence€in€the€record€preponderates€otherwise.€€òòSeeóó€òòTenn.€R.€App.€P.óó€13(d).€€InÐ ¤(ô#' Ðapplying€this€standard€of€review,€we€are€mindful€that€"[Ô_Ôt]rialÔ_Ô€courts€are€vested€with€wide€discretionÐ )à$( Ðin€matters€of€child€custody"€and€that€"the€appellate€courts€will€not€interfere€except€upon€a€showingÐ |*Ì%) Ðof€erroneous€exercise€of€that€discretion."€€òòKochóó,€874€S.W.2d€at€575.€Because€"[Ô_Ôc]ustodyÔ_Ô€andÐ h+¸&* Ðvisitation€determinations€often€hinge€on€subtle€factors,€including€the€parents'€demeanor€andÐ ° Ðcredibility"€during€the€proceedings,€appellate€courts€"are€reluctant€to€second-guess€a€trial€court'sÐ œì Ðdecisions."€€òòÔ_ÔGaskillÔ_Ô€v.€Ô_ÔGaskillÔ_Ôóó,€936€S.W.2d€626,€631€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1996).€€The€courts'€paramountÐ ˆØ Ðconcern€in€a€custody€case€is€the€welfare€and€best€interest€of€the€parties'€minor€children.€€òòSee€Ô_ÔRuyleÔ_Ôóó,Ð tÄ Ð928€S.W.2d€at€441;€òòKochóó,€874€S.W.2d€at€575.€€This€determination€necessarily€turns€on€the€particularÐ `° Ðfacts€of€each€case.€€à ¸ àÐ L œ ÐÌò òòòÓ  ÓóóLaw€and€AnalysisòòÐ $ t ÐÌó óóóÓ  Óà  àFirst,€we€will€address€the€custody€issue.€€We€note€that€Father€urges€us€to€uphold€the€trialÐ ü L  Ðcourtððs€ruling€because€Mother€has€failed€to€provide€the€full€transcript€or€statement€of€the€evidenceÐ è 8  Ðas€required€by€Rule€24(a)€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€Appellate€Procedure.€€Specifically,€MotherÐ Ô$  Ðfailed€to€include€a€transcript€of€the€May€11,€1999,€trial€at€which€the€divorce€was€granted.€€FatherÐ À  Ðargues€that€evidence€of€Motherððs€lack€of€parental€fitness€was€introduced€at€this€hearing.€€Therefore,Ð ¬ü  ÐFather€argues€that€we€should€uphold€the€trial€courtððs€ruling€since€we€do€not€have€this€portion€of€theÐ ˜è  Ðtranscript.€€Notwithstanding€this€fact,€we€do€have€a€substantial€record,€and€we€can€properly€determineÐ „Ô  Ðthe€case€based€upon€the€record€before€us.€€Father€could€have€designated€other€parts€of€the€record€ifÐ pÀ Ðhe€wished€to€do€so.€€See€Rule€24(a),€Tennessee€Rules€of€Appellate€Procedure.Ð \¬ ÐÌà  àWe€now€turn€to€Motherððs€assertion€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€considering€evidenceÐ 4„ Ðpreviously€excluded€as€Ô_ÔinadmissibleÔ_Ô€hearsay.€€This€argument€arises€from€four€anonymous€letters€thatÐ  p Ðwere€sent€to€the€Department€of€Childrenððs€Services.€€The€four€letters€contained€serious€allegationsÐ  \ Ðagainst€Mother.€€Specifically,€one€of€the€letters€alleged€that€Mother€had€made€death€threats€towardÐ øH Ðherself€and€the€children.€€The€four€anonymous€letters€then€became€the€basis€for€a€ð ðclient€assessmentððÐ ä4 Ðconducted€by€a€mental€health€center€of€one€of€the€minor€children.€€The€assessment€was€veryÐ Ð  Ðdamaging€to€Mother.€€Dr.€Joseph€D.€Ô_ÔLeBarberaÔ_Ô€also€reviewed€the€anonymous€letters€in€preparationÐ ¼  Ðof€his€custody€evaluation€that€he€prepared€for€the€court.€€This€report€was€also€unfavorable€to€Mother.€Ð ¨ø ÐMotherððs€counsel€objected€to€the€mental€health€centerððs€report€and€the€report€by€Dr.€Ô_ÔLeBarberaÔ_Ô€basedÐ ”ä Ðupon€the€hearsay€contained€in€the€anonymous€letters.€€The€trial€judge€sustained€the€objection€andÐ €Ð Ðstated€that€he€would€ð ðdisregardðð€both€reports.€€In€the€trial€judgeððs€final€custody€order,€he€stated€theÐ l¼ Ðfollowing:€ð ð[Ô_Ôt]hereÔ_Ô€have€been€several€hearings,€numerous€exhibits,€documents,€and€written€expertÐ X ¨ Ðopinions€offered€over€the€past€months€and€the€Court€has€considered€all€of€them.ðð€€From€thisÐ D!” Ðstatement€by€the€trial€judge,€Mother€argues€that€the€hearsay€reports€that€were€previously€excludedÐ 0"€  Ðby€the€judge€were€relied€upon€by€the€judge€in€his€ultimate€decision€as€to€custody.€€We€disagree.€€TheÐ #l! Ðrecord€clearly€reflects€that€the€trial€judge€disallowed€the€reports€at€issue.€€In€ruling€on€MotherððsÐ $X" Ðobjection€to€the€reports,€the€trial€judge€stated€ð ð[I]ððll€disregard€it.ðð€€We€do€not€accept€MotherððsÐ ô$D # Ðinvitation€to€read€into€the€judgeððs€blanket€statement€that€he€considered€all€the€evidence,€when€theÐ à%0!$ Ðjudge€clearly€disallowed€the€reports€that€were€based€upon€the€anonymous€letters.€€Therefore,€thisÐ Ì&"% Ðissue€is€without€merit.Ð ¸'#& ÐÌà  àNext,€Mother€argues€that€the€weight€of€the€evidence€preponderates€against€the€decision€ofÐ )à$( Ðâ âthe€trial€court.€€We€note€that€in€making€its€custody€decision,€the€trial€court€is€required€to€engage€inÐ |*Ì%) Ða€ð ðcomparative€fitnessðð€analysis.€€òòSee€Ô_ÔGaskillÔ_Ôóó,€936€S.W.2d€at€630.€€This€factually€driven€inquiryÐ ° Ðrequires€the€court€to€carefully€weigh,€òòinter€aliaóó,€the€following€considerations:Ð œì Ðâ âÌÓ °ÓÓ °Ó(1)€The€love,€affection€and€emotional€ties€existing€between€theÐ tÄ Ðparents€and€child;Ð `° Ð(2)€The€disposition€of€the€parents€to€provide€the€child€with€food,Ð L œ Ðclothing,€medical€care,€education€and€other€necessary€care€and€theÐ 8 ˆ Ðdegree€to€which€a€parent€has€been€the€primary€Ô_ÔcaregiverÔ_Ô;Ð $ t Ð(3)€The€importance€of€continuity€in€a€childððs€life€and€the€length€ofÐ  ` Ðtime€the€child€has€lived€in€a€stable,€satisfactory€environment.€.€.€.;Ð ü L  Ð(4)€The€stability€of€the€family€unit€of€the€parents;Ð è 8  Ð(5)€The€mental€and€physical€health€of€the€parents;Ð Ô$  Ð(6)€The€home,€school€and€community€record€of€the€child;Ð À  Ð(7)€The€reasonable€preference€of€the€child€if€twelve€(12)€years€of€ageÐ ¬ü  Ðor€older.€.€.€.Ð ˜è  Ð(8)€Evidence€of€physical€or€emotional€abuse€to€the€child,€to€the€otherÐ „Ô  Ðparent€or€to€any€other€person;€.€.€.€.Ð pÀ Ð(9)€The€character€and€behavior€of€any€other€person€who€resides€in€orÐ \¬ Ðfrequents€the€home€of€a€parent€and€such€personððs€interactions€with€theÐ H˜ Ðchild;€and€Ð 4„ Ð(10)€Each€parentððs€past€and€potential€or€future€performance€ofÐ  p Ðparenting€responsibilities,€including€the€willingness€and€ability€ofÐ  \ Ðeach€of€the€parents€to€facilitate€and€encourage€a€close€and€continuingÐ øH Ðparent„child€relationship€between€the€child€and€the€other€parent,Ð ä4 Ðconsistent€with€the€best€interest€of€the€child.€€Ð Ð  ÐÌÓ °ÓÓ °ÓòòTenn.€Code€Ann.€óóðð€36„6„106€(Supp€2000).€€The€trial€court€heard€testimony€from€many€parties€toÐ ¨ø Ðdetermine€what€custody€arrangement€would€be€in€the€childrenððs€best€interests.€€In€deciding€thatÐ ”ä Ðplacing€custody€with€Father€was€in€the€childrenððs€best€interest,€the€trial€judge€stated€the€following:Ð €Ð ÐÌÓ °ÓÓ °ÓÓ ` X°œXÓà ¸ àThough€the€mother€still€maintains€a€relationship€with€a€manÐ X ¨ Ðshe€met€through€the€Internet€under€curious€circumstances,€she€insistsÐ D!” Ðthe€arrangement€is€permanent.€€However,€there€remains€great€doubtÐ 0"€  Ðthat€her€situation€is€resolved€sufficiently€to€establish€the€kind€of€homeÐ #l! Ðand€environment€these€children€so€desperately€need€.€.€.€In€all,€theÐ $X" Ðmotherððs€future€is€unsettled€and€unresolved,€whereas€the€fatherððs€„Ð ô$D # Ðand€hence€the€Childrenððs€„€appear€more€determined€and€secure.Ð à%0!$ ÐÌà ¸ àThe€father,€with€all€his€shortcomings,€has€nonethelessÐ ¸'#& Ðcooperated€with€the€Court€through€the€DCS.€€He€has€maintainedÐ ¤(ô#' Ðgainful€and€steady€employment,€is€presently€living€in€a€home€near€theÐ )à$( Ðpaternal€grandparents€where€the€children€have€close€and€substantialÐ |*Ì%) Ðcare.€€Their€educational€needs€are€being€fully€met€in€their€school€and,Ð h+¸&* Ðgenerally,€the€father€has€in€most€respects€made€an€earnest€and€goodÐ ° Ðfaith€effort€to€gain€control€of€his€life€with€the€views€of€becoming€anÐ œì Ðinvolved€and€nurturing€father.Ð ˆØ ÐÌÓ °ÓÓ °ÓWe€once€again€note€that€since€ð ð[Ô_Ôc]ustodyÔ_Ô€and€visitation€determinations€often€hinge€on€subtle€factors,Ð `° Ðincluding€the€parentsðð€demeanor€and€credibilityðð€during€the€proceedings,€appellate€courts€ð ðareÐ L œ Ðreluctant€to€second€guess€a€trial€courtððs€decisions.ðð€€òòÔ_ÔGaskillÔ_Ôóó,€936€S.W.2d€at€631.€€In€the€instant€case,Ð 8 ˆ Ðwe€agree€with€the€trial€courtððs€award€of€custody€to€Father.€€While€the€record€does€contain€damagingÐ $ t Ðevidence€about€both€parties,€we€agree€with€the€trial€court€that€Father€has€made€the€best€effort€to€gainÐ  ` Ðcontrol€of€his€life€and€put€his€children€first.€€It€is€also€evident€from€the€courtððs€ruling€that€the€trialÐ ü L  Ðjudge€was€concerned€with€continuity€in€the€childrenððs€lives.€€Stability€and€continuity€are€of€theÐ è 8  Ðutmost€importance€in€custody€cases.€€òòSee€id.óó€at€630.€€Although€continuity€does€not€trump€all€otherÐ Ô$  Ðfactors,€òòsee€id.óó€at€630,€ð ðit€remains€an€important€consideration.ðð€€òòGrover€v.€Groveróó,€No.€01A01„9804„Ð À  ÐCH„00197,€1999€WL€257653,€at€*5€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€Apr.€30,€1999).€€Due€to€the€foregoing,€we€affirmÐ ¬ü  Ðthe€decision€of€the€trial€court€to€grant€custody€of€the€minor€children€to€Father.€€Ð ˜è  ÐÌà  àNow,€we€turn€to€Fatherððs€child€support€issue.€€Father€argues€that€the€trial€court€erred€inÐ pÀ Ðawarding€child€support€which€deviated€more€than€ten€percent€from€the€child€support€guidelineððsÐ \¬ Ðamount€without€a€written€statement€of€the€reasons€for€such€deviation.€€In€the€final€order,€the€trialÐ H˜ Ðcourt€ordered€that€ð ð[Ô_Ôt]heÔ_Ô€mother€will€pay€child€support€in€the€amount€of€$30.00€per€week.€.€.€.ðð€€It€isÐ 4„ Ðapparent€from€the€record€that€Mother€is€employed€as€a€school€teacher€earning€approximatelyÐ  p Ð$26,000.00€per€year.€€With€four€children,€the€amount€of€$30.00€per€week€in€child€support€as€orderedÐ  \ Ðby€the€trial€judge€is€clearly€a€downward€deviation€from€the€presumptive€guideline€amount€of€46%Ð øH Ðof€the€Ô_ÔobligorÔ_Ôððs€income.€€òòSeeóó€òòTenn.€Comp.€R.€&€Ô_ÔRegsÔ_Ô.€óóTit.€10,€Ch.€1240„2„4„.03(5).€€StatutoryÐ ä4 Ðauthority€provides€for€a€Ô_ÔrebuttableÔ_Ô€presumption€that€the€percentage€amount€of€child€support€providedÐ Ð  Ðin€the€guidelines€is€the€correct€amount.€€However,€ð ð[the€guidelines]€are€subject€to€deviation€upwardÐ ¼  Ðor€downward€when€the€assumptions€on€which€they€are€based€do€not€pertain€to€a€particular€situation.ðð€Ð ¨ø ÐòòNash€v.€Ô_ÔMulleÔ_Ôóó,€846€S.W.2d€803,€805€(Tenn.€1993).€€In€order€to€justify€a€deviation€from€this€amount,Ð ”ä Ðhowever,€the€trial€court€must€make€written€findings€outlining€the€reasons€for€the€deviation.€€TheseÐ €Ð Ðreasons€must€show€that€the€deviation€is€either€in€the€best€interest€of€the€children;€that€the€childÐ l¼ Ðsupport€guidelines€would€be€unjust€or€inappropriate;€or€needed€to€maintain€equity€between€theÐ X ¨ Ðparties.€€òòSeeóó€òòTenn.€Code€Ann.€óóðð€36„5„101(e)(1)€(Supp.€2000).׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€We€are€unable€to€locate€any€writtenÐ D!” Ðfindings€in€the€record€articulating€the€reasons€that€the€trial€judge€chose€to€deviate€downward€fromÐ 0"€  Ðthe€child€support€guidelines.€€As€a€result,€we€reverse€and€remand€this€issue€to€the€trial€court€forÐ ° Ðfurther€proceedings€consistent€with€this€opinion.Ð œì Ðò òòòÓ  ÓÌóóConclusionòòÐ tÄ ÐÌó óóóÓ  Óà  àFor€the€aforementioned€reasons,€we€affirm€in€part,€reverse€in€part,€and€remand€this€case€toÐ L œ Ðthe€trial€court€for€further€proceedings€consistent€with€this€opinion.€€Costs€on€appeal€are€taxed€toÐ 8 ˆ ÐMother,€for€which€execution€may€issue€if€necessary.Ð $ t Ðò òòòóóó óÌÌÔ#†X 9XXX 9¶ #ÔÔ#†¼[å»XX 9ˆ #ÔÔ€X 9X»¼[åÔÌÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________€Ð ˜è  Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àALAN€E.€HIGHERS,€JUDGE