ÿWPC– UfHÍá†zܱ åó à¤ß°o|§Kö=ôr æâ˜Ï±ËÕyék¸ïyånÚ–;Ö.®1žÝþð„¡ŠÐn­m©÷Û·(Oœ”¤u$Ï Ã; v™¿Ç†ñ›¥•”¢œÛÏØAf´JN‚hw”ð]¬œµâèŠÁÑUÀs†Ìá³DCVNõ”QùZÿY@ä9mÉäÞ­ÊÄšì‹óäÜk ÕÕþàÂkq¢$°ß˨–;;-íåqß#mØ­J"ăHô¿*c¹qƒòFwÏlÊ¡®)„ï{xïˆÙN·; f‚U´jÓ©´^_ S+n~×f¹ÅÝ@¾Uò@ŠžÝ`Úw‘*8·8éŽiÅÂÉúö-ñ™©·Øt+Ͳ„E®ÃãL'ˆ óÜ4J6­þ«“Í‘ó‹ Ob™Ú¼QUjÄ’­•IW‚+)‡¸Ã!¤cè°/R»’Â8QMµÌjg‚e«ªG`²El‚Üe@šþÁKèy¾3Ä*±ÉjêZá÷mI]Ðdôq8•ÐSlJîþ¡W9¦Ddïœ æ#šÿì^ût¯XŠ[3]1–ÊÈ;[€`7Ä¢«ß±z1¯6T72t]kkã®B'û—/Ô¥sJá¥ZÎb %\U@b 0ˆ¢UN*^ xw„4ˆ zœÒ è ÷ mù 0D ÆT Æ Æà Ʀ Nl Nn #Áp Ð1EU:UF=ƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒƒb‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹‹ 0ë““““ B~~ 0¤› D3? D-r 0KŸŸ ASêÆ= 0¤ 0D§ A«ë»(ÈhH  Z(Times New Roman (`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman RegularK ¸(L ë~Š(˜Cbk2èwí ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt3|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5˜HP LaserJet 4Si,ü,,,,,ü0 ÆÝ ƒRÞ¨$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÔ€Xá‹X»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ô€Ô‡Xá‹XXXá‹ÔThe€Court€of€Appeals€does€not€have€the€authority€to€grant€an€Ô_ÔadditurÔ_Ô€under€Ô_ÔT.C.A.Ô_Ô€Ô#†Xá‹XXXá‹#ÔÔ‡X†XXXá‹ÔððÔ#†Xá‹XXX†S#ÔÔ‡Xá‹XXXá‹Ô€20„10„Ð ° Ð101€(1994).€€ò òòòSee€Poole€v.€Kroger€Co.ó óóó,€604€S.W.2d€52,€54€(Tenn.€1980);€ò òòòÔ_ÔWilkersonÔ_Ô€v.€Ô_ÔAltizerÔ_Ô,€ó óóó845Ð ®þ ÐS.W.2d€744,€749€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1992).,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular<:ÀÕ 9Z ‹.Courier New Regular - ù-(|G2Þ¨$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€æL»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€Xá‹X»»Ô d(|39$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€æL»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV'ÿÿdxd)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|39$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€æL»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€æL»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ€¼æL»»»ÔÑ8€á‹XXdð»»d8Ñà@¦ ¦ ìàIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@§§$ìàAT€NASHVILLEˆÐ È ÐÔ‡Xá‹X»¼æLÔÌò òÔ#†¼æL»XXá‹b#ÔÓ  ÓBRUCE€L.€KINNARDòòóó€v.€LARRY€W.€TAYLOR,€òòet€alóó.Ô‡Xá‹X»¼æLÔó óÐ Ð  ÐÓ¨ÓÌà@  ìàò òA€Direct€Appeal€from€the€Circuit€Court€for€Wilson€CountyˆÐ Ø ( Ðà@) ) ìàNo.€8023€€€€€€The€Honorable€Clara€Byrd,€JudgeˆÐ È  ÐÌÌà@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<— ` A߈Ð ˜ è  ÐÌà@· · ìàNo.€M1999„00512„COA„R3„CV€„€Decided€May€25,€2000ˆÐ —ç  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<v` AßÐ wÇ  Ðó óÌÔ‡Xá‹XXXá‹Ôà  àThis€is€a€personal€injury€case,€and€the€jury€returned€a€verdict€for€plaintiff.€€Plaintiff€appealsÐ vÆ  Ðasserting€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€failing€to€grant€a€new€trial€because€of€the€alleged€inadequacyÐ f¶  Ðof€the€verdict.Ð V¦ ÐÔ#†Xá‹XXXá‹ #ÔÔ#†¼æL»XXá‹ë#ÔÔ‡Xá‹X»¼æLÔÌÌò òTenn.R.App.P.€3,€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Circuit€Court€is€Affirmedó óÐ &v ÐÌòòCrawford,€P.J.,€W.S.Ô#†¼æL»àXá‹#ÔÔ‡Xá‹X.¼æLÔ,óó€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòHighers,€J.,óó€and€òòFarmer,€J.óó,Ð V Ðjoined.Ð öF ÐÌDicken€E.€Kidwell,€Murfreesboro,€For€AppellantÐ Ö& ÐÌWilliam€G.€McCaskill,€Jr.,€Nashville,€For€AppelleesÐ ¶ ÐÌà@55'ìàò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼æL»XXá‹U#ÔÔ‡Xá‹X»¼æLԈР–æ ÐÌòòóóÔ#†¼æL»XXá‹Ï#ÔÔ‡Xá‹X»¼æLÔÌÔ‡Xá‹XXXá‹ÔÓÓÓÓà  àPlaintiff/appellant,€Bruce€L.€Kinnard,€appeals€the€judgment€on€the€jury€verdict€that€awardedÐ f!¶  Ðhim€$5,200.00€in€damages.à  àÐ V"¦! ÐÌà  àThe€facts€related€to€the€accident€are€not€in€dispute.€€On€March€10,€1990,€Kinnard€andÐ 6$†# Ðdefendant,€Larry€Taylor,€were€driving€north€on€Highway€71€in€Mt.€Juliet,€Tennessee.€€KinnardÐ &%v $ Ðstopped€in€the€left€turn€lane€while€waiting€for€traffic€to€proceed.€Taylor€struck€the€rear€of€KinnardððsÐ &f!% Ðautomobile€causing€it€to€collide€with€the€vehicle€in€front€of€Kinnard.€Kinnardððs€automobile€sustainedÐ 'V"& Ðdamage€to€the€bumper,€bumper€brackets,€gas€tank,€and€minimal€damage€to€the€front€of€the€vehicle.Ð ö'F#' ÐÌà  àAt€the€scene€of€the€accident,€Kinnard€denied€injury.€€Following€the€accident,€Kinnard€ranÐ Ö)&%) Ðerrands€and€then€proceeded€home.€€Later€that€evening,€Kinnard€began€experiencing€pain€and€wentÐ Æ*&* Ðto€the€emergency€room€at€Southern€Hills€Hospital.€€After€x„rays€were€taken,€Kinnard€was€treatedÐ ¶+'+ Ðwith€a€cervical€collar€and€anti„inflammatory€drugs.Ð ¦,ö', ÐÐ –-æ(-ý Ðà  àOn€March€8,€1991,€Kinnard€filed€a€complaint€seeking€damages€for€injuries€sustained€in€theÐ ° Ðaccident.€€After€a€trial€on€the€merits,€the€jury€returned€a€verdict€finding€for€Kinnard€and€awarded€himÐ  ð Ðdamages€totaling€$5,200.00€for€past€medical€expenses.€€Kinnard€filed€a€motion€for€a€new€trial€onÐ à ÐMay€12,€1999€or€alternatively€for€additur.€€In€denying€the€motion,€the€trial€court€found€no€groundsÐ €Ð Ðto€set€aside€the€juryððs€verdict€and€order€a€new€trial.€€The€court€found€the€juryððs€verdict€within€theÐ pÀ Ðrange€of€reasonableness€and€refused€to€grant€an€additur.€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ð ` ° ÐÌà  àPlaintiff€appeals€and€present€six€issues€for€review.€€However,€we€perceive€the€sole€issue€toÐ @  Ðbe€whether€the€trial€court€erred€in€failing€to€grant€a€new€trial€due€to€the€alleged€inadequacy€of€the€juryÐ 0 € Ðverdict.׃×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ׀Р p  ÐÌà  àKinnard€contends€that€the€juryððs€award€is€insufficient,€because€the€verdict€ð ðbarely€coversÐ P  Ðinitial€medical€expenses,€provides€nothing€for€lost€wages€and/or€pain€and€suffering,€and€isÐ ð@  Ðconsequently€below€the€lower€level€of€reasonableness.ððÐ à0  ÐÌà  àIn€ò òòòMiller€v.€Williamsó óóó,€970€S.W.2d€497€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1998),€this€Court,€in€an€opinionÐ À Ðauthored€by€Judge€Susano,€succinctly€stated€the€principles€we€must€observe€in€deciding€the€issueÐ ° Ðbefore€the€Court€in€this€case.€€The€Court€stated:Ð  ð ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àò òòòó óóóÔ#†Xá‹XXXá‹N#ÔÔ‡XMÖ XXXá‹Ôà ¸ àÔ#†Xá‹X XXMÖu#ÔÔ‡Xá‹XXXá‹ÔIn€this€case,€we€must€decide€if€the€record€contains€ð ðmaterialÐ €Ð Ðevidence€to€support€the€[juryððs]€verdict.ðð€€Rule€13(d),€T.R.A.P.;Ð pÀ Ðòòò òCoffey€v.€Fayette€Tubular€Productsóóó ó,€929€S.W.2d€326,€331€n.2€(Tenn.Ð `° Ð1996);€òòò òPoole€v.€Kroger€Co.óóó ó,€604€S.W.2d€52,€54€(Tenn.€1980);€ò òòòPettusÐ P  Ðv.€Hurstóóó ó,€882€S.W.2d€783,€788€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1993);€ò òòòBenson€v.Ð @ ÐTennessee€Valley€Elec.€Coop.óóó ó,€868€S.W.2d€630,€640€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.Ð 0€ Ð1993).€€Because€Miller€asserts€that€the€juryððs€award€is€insufficient,Ð  p Ðour€focus€is€on€the€ð ðlower€limitðð€of€the€ð ðrange€of€reasonableness.ðð€Ð ` Ðò òòòFoster€v.€Amcon€Intððl,€Incó óóó.,€621€S.W.2d€142,€146€(Tenn.€1981).€€InÐ P Ðthe€ò òòòFosteróóó ó€case,€the€Supreme€Court€stated€thatÐð@` x` x ÐÌà  àà8 ` àà8¸ ` x` xà[a]€reasoned€examination€of€the€credible€proof€ofÐ Ð  Ðdamages€leads€to€a€determination€of€the€figure€beyondÐ À! Ðwhich€excessiveness€or€inadequacy€lies€and€beyondÐ °"  Ðwhich€there€is€no€evidence,€upon€any€reasonable€viewÐ  #ð! Ðof€the€case,€to€support€the€verdict.Ð$à"¸ ¸  ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àòòò òId.óóó ó€€In€reviewing€the€adequacy€of€the€juryððs€award,€we€note€thatÐp&À!$` x` x ÐÐ `'°"% Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð àà8¸ ` x` xà[the€determination€of]€the€amount€of€compensation€inÐ ° Ða€personal€injury€case€is€primarily€for€the€jury,€andÐ  ð Ðthat€next€to€the€jury,€the€most€competent€person€toÐ à Ðpass€on€the€matter€is€the€trial€judge€who€presided€atÐ €Ð Ðthe€trial€and€heard€the€evidence.ÐpÀ¸ ¸  ÐÌò òòòà8  àà8` Ð Ð àId.óóó ó€at€143„44;€ò òòòCoffeyóóó ó,€929€S.W.2d€at€331€n.2.€€ÐP  ` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àà ¸ àThe€effect€of€a€trial€courtððs€approval€of€the€amount€of€a€juryÐ 0 € Ðaward€is€clear:Ð p ` x` x ÐÌà  àà8 ` àà8¸ ` x` xà...€the€trial€judgeððs€approval€of€the€amount€of€theÐ P  Ðjuryððs€verdict€invokes€the€material€evidence€rule,€justÐ ð@  Ðas€it€does€with€respect€to€all€other€factual€issues€uponÐ à0  Ðwhich€appellate€review€is€sought....ÐÐ ¸ ¸  ÐÌà@ŽŽ%ìà*€€€€*€€€€*ˆÐ ° ÐÌà  àà8 ` àà8¸ ` x` xàð ð[a]ll€of€the€evidence€in€the€record€that€tends€toÐ à Ðsupport€the€amount€of€the€verdict€should€be€given€fullÐ €Ð Ðfaith€and€credit€upon€appellate€review.ððÐpÀ¸ ¸  ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àò òòòPooleóóó ó,€604€S.W.2d€at€54€(citing€òòò òEllis€v.€White€Freightliner€Corp.ó óóó,Ð P  Ð603€S.W.2d€125€(Tenn.€1980)).€€Thus,€our€analysis€is€limited€to€aÐ @ Ðdetermination€of€whether€the€record€reflects€material€evidenceÐ 0€ Ðdemonstrating€that€the€juryððs€award€is€ð ðat€or€above€the€lower€limit€ofÐ  p Ðthe€range€of€reasonableness,€giving€full€faith€and€credit€to€all€of€theÐ ` Ðevidence€that€tends€to€support€that€amount.ðð€€òòò òPoole,€ó óóó604€S.W.2d€atÐ P Ð54.€€We€are€required€to€take€the€strongest€legitimate€view€of€all€theÐ ð@ Ðevidence,€including€all€reasonable€inferences€therefrom,€to€sustain€theÐ à0 Ðverdict;€to€assume€the€truth€of€all€the€evidence€that€supports€it;€and€toÐ Ð  Ðdiscard€all€evidence€to€the€contrary.€€ò òòòIdóóó ó.€€In€this€analysis,€we€do€notÐ À! Ðweigh€the€evidence,€nor€do€we€determine€the€credibility€of€theÐ °"  Ðwitnesses.€€ò òòòId.óóó óР#ð!` x` x Ðò òòòÌId.ó óóó€at€498„499.Ð €%Ð # ÐÌà  àKinnard€testified€that€he€was€47€years€old€at€the€time€of€trial.€€He€attended€Belmont€CollegeÐ `'°"% Ðfor€one€year,€but€left€to€attend€State€Area€Vocational€School€where€he€trained€to€become€a€tool€andÐ P( #& Ðdie€maker.€€Kinnard€worked€in€this€profession€from€1973€until€1981.€€€à  àÐ @)$' ÐÌà  àKinnard€was€involved€in€an€automobile€accident€in€1973,€which€resulted€in€intermittent€backÐ  +p&) Ðpain€for€a€couple€of€years.€€He€filed€a€lawsuit,€but€it€was€never€settled.€€In€1978,€a€vehicle€sideswipedÐ ,`'* ÐKinnardððs€vehicle.€€As€a€result,€Kinnard€suffered€knee€problems.€€Kinnard€sued€the€driver€of€theÐ ° Ðvehicle€and€the€law€suit€settled€for€approximately€$2,000.€In€1981,€Kinnard€was€a€passenger€in€aÐ  ð Ðvehicle€which€was€involved€in€an€accident.€€His€primary€complaint€was€with€his€vision.€€KinnardÐ à Ðsued€the€driver,€the€Metropolitan€Government€and€a€construction€company€working€at€the€scene€ofÐ €Ð Ðthe€accident.€€He€settled€with€the€driver€for€approximately€$3,500.00€and€the€construction€companyÐ pÀ Ðfor€approximately€$5,000.00.€€Kinnard€testified€that€because€of€the€injuries€sustained€in€the€1981Ð ` ° Ðaccident€he€missed€six€weeks€of€work€and€eventually€quit€his€job€in€the€tool€and€die€business.Ð P   ÐÌà  à€€From€1982€€to€1990,€Kinnard€operated€a€record€business.€His€highest€income€earned€duringÐ 0 € Ðthis€time€was€in€1986,€when€he€netted€$4,000.00.€He€testified€that€he€is€no€longer€able€to€operate€theÐ  p  Ðrecord€business€because€of€the€injuries€sustained€in€the€1990€automobile€accident.€Ð `  ÐÌà  àRegarding€the€1990€accident,€Kinnard€testified€that€he€began€experiencing€pain€the€night€ofÐ ð@  Ðthe€accident€and€visited€the€emergency€room.€€A€few€days€later,€Kinnard€contacted€his€cousin,€aÐ à0  Ðlawyer,€for€a€recommendation€of€an€orthopedic€doctor.€On€his€cousinððs€recommendation,€KinnardÐ Ð  Ðvisited€Dr.€Dewey€Thomas.Ð À ÐÌà  à€Kinnard€did€not€seek€medical€treatment€from€the€end€of€1991€until€August€1994.€€DuringÐ  ð Ðthis€time,€Kinnard€took€herbs€and€hot€showers,€and€exercised€to€treat€the€pain.€€In€1994,€KinnardÐ à Ðvisited€Dr.€Melvin€Law,€who€treated€Kinnard€with€pain€medications€until€1996€when€Law€performedÐ €Ð Ðsurgery.€€€Kinnard€testified€that€he€needed€the€surgery€to€prevent€the€pain€from€getting€worse,€butÐ pÀ Ðstated€that€he€is€still€in€pain.€€Ð `° ÐÌà  àThe€plaintiff€also€introduced€the€testimony€of€several€doctors€via€video€taped€depositions.Ð @ ÐDr.€Dewey€Thomas,€an€orthopedic€surgeon€in€Nashville,€testified€that€Kinnard€first€visited€his€officeÐ 0€ Ðon€March€19,€1990€and€related€that€he€had€been€in€an€automobile€accident€two€days€before.€€KinnardÐ  p Ðstated€that€following€the€accident€he€had€been€taken€to€Southern€Hills€Hospital€Emergency€Room.€Ð ` ÐX„rays€were€made€of€his€neck,€his€primary€complaint.€€A€physical€examination€revealed€that€he€hadÐ P Ðmoderate€muscle€spasms€in€the€neck€area€with€some€restriction€of€motion.€€There€was€no€evidenceÐ ð@ Ðof€any€gross€nerve€deficit€in€either€upper€extremity.€€Although€there€was€some€loss€of€motion€in€theÐ à0 Ðlower€back,€there€was€no€evidence€of€any€nerve€involvement€in€either€of€the€upper€or€lowerÐ Ð  Ðextremities.€€He€was€advised€to€take€anti„inflammatory€medications€and€muscle€relaxants.€€BecauseÐ À! Ðof€the€continuing€complaints€of€pain,€an€MRI€was€ordered€of€the€lumbar€spine€in€July€of€1990,€andÐ °"  Ðthere€was€a€left€paracentral€L5„S1€disc€herniation€revealed.€€In€February,€1991,€an€MRI€wasÐ  #ð! Ðperformed€of€the€upper€extremity€and€revealed€a€right„sided€disc€herniation€between€the€fourth€and€Ð $à" Ðfifth€cervical€vertebrae.€€Dr.€Thomas€opined€that€these€disc€herniations€could€be€related€to€the€March,Ð €%Ð # Ð1990€accident,€because€he€did€not€have€any€symptoms€of€such€problems€prior€to€that€accident.€Ð p&À!$ ÐBecause€of€his€continuous,€multiple€complaints,€Dr.€Thomas€referred€Kinnard€to€neurosurgeons,€Dr.Ð `'°"% ÐEdward€Howell€and€Dr.€Manual€Weiss,€and€he€was€later€referred€to€Vanderbilt€Pain€Clinic,€whereÐ P( #& Ðhe€was€treated€by€Dr.€Winston€Parris.€€Dr.€Parris€testified€that€he€saw€Kinnard€on€June€13,€1991,€andÐ @)$' Ðhe€was€complaining€of€chronic€pain€in€the€cervical€area,€right€shoulder€area,€and€low€back.€€The€lowÐ 0*€%( Ðback€pain€radiated€to€the€right€and€left€lower€extremity.€€Kinnardððs€physical€examination€wasÐ  +p&) Ðessentially€normal€with€exception€of€some€tender€spots€in€the€neck€and€low€back.€€Parris€treatedÐ ,`'* ÐKinnardððs€pain€with€nerve€block€injections€in€June€and€November,€1991.€€He€testified€that€KinnardÐ ° Ðrefused€to€accept€his€recommendation€that€he€have€epidural€steroid€injections€to€treat€the€pain.€€HisÐ  ð Ðlast€visit€to€the€pain€clinic€was€on€December€9,€1991.Ð à ÐÌà  àDr.€Melvin€Law,€an€orthopaedist,€testified€that€he€first€saw€Kinnard€in€October€of€1994,Ð pÀ Ðalmost€four€and€one„half€years€after€the€accident.€€He€testified€that€his€examination€revealed€thatÐ ` ° ÐKinnard€had€a€herniated€disc€with€nerve€compression,€spinal€cord€compression€at€the€C4„5€level€ofÐ P   Ðhis€neck€and€that€he€treated€Kinnard€with€pain€medications€for€two€years,€during€which€time€KinnardÐ @  Ðhad€multiple€complaints.€€In€1996,€Law€performed€surgery€of€the€cervical€area,€removing€discs€andÐ 0 € Ðbone€spurs€and€fusing€the€spine.€€Dr.€Law€opined€that€Kinnard's€neck€problems€were€related€to€theÐ  p  ÐMarch€1990€accident.€€He€further€opined€that€Kinnard€would€have€fifteen€percent€total€disabilityÐ `  Ðimpairment€in€his€neck.€€The€medical€expenses€incurred€for€the€second€course€of€treatment€fromÐ P  Ð1994€to€1996€were€approximately€$55,000.00.Ð ð@  ÐÌà  àDefendant€introduced€the€testimony€of€Dr.€Robert€Weiss,€a€neurosurgeon,€to€whom€Dr.Ð Ð  ÐThomas€referred€Kinnard.€€Dr.€Weiss€testified€that€he€first€treated€Kinnard€in€February€of€1991€forÐ À ÐKinnardððs€complaint€of€ð ðtotal€body€pain.ðð€€During€this€visit,€Dr.€Weiss€performed€a€physicalÐ ° Ðexamination€and€found€no€evidence€of€a€neurologic€injury.€€He€also€reviewed€Kinnardððs€previousÐ  ð Ðimaging€studies,€including€a€cervical,€thoracic,€and€lumbar€MRI.€€Dr.€Weiss€found€a€small€disc€bulgeÐ à Ðat€the€bottom€level€at€L5„S1,€which€he€thought€common€for€someone€Kinnardððs€age.€€He€also€notedÐ €Ð Ðsome€narrowing€of€the€neck€at€the€C5„6€level,€which€he€characterized€as€arthritis.€€He€did€not€relateÐ pÀ Ðthese€findings€to€the€March€1990€accident.€€Other€than€these€findings,€Weiss€testified€that€theÐ `° Ðimaging€studies€were€normal€with€no€objective€abnormalities€present.€Weiss€stated€that€he€did€notÐ P  Ðsee€anything€on€the€imaging€studies€which€he€could€ascribe€to€the€1990€automobile€accident.€HeÐ @ Ðfurther€stated€that€he€would€not€have€placed€any€physical€restrictions€on€Kinnard€in€1991.Ð 0€ ÐÌà  àWeiss€testified€that€he€reviewed€Kinnardððs€medical€records€from€1991€through€1997.€€WeissÐ ` Ðcontinues€to€feel€that€based€on€Kinnardððs€complaints€and€symptoms,€he€would€not€have€performedÐ P Ðthe€surgery€in€1996.€Ð ð@ ÐÌà  àThe€record€indicates€that€Mr.€Kinnard€presented€a€rather€detailed€chronology€of€his€pain€andÐ Ð  Ðdiscomfort€which€was€so€elaborate€as€to€evoke€comment€from€Dr.€Weiss.€€His€multiple€and€persistentÐ À! Ðstatements€of€pain,€coupled€with€the€minimal€physical€findings,€could€have€led€the€jury€to€believeÐ °"  Ðthat€he€was€grossly€exaggerating€his€condition.€€The€jury€was€also€aware€that€he€had€previousÐ  #ð! Ðexperience€with€presenting€claims€for€personal€injuries€and€had€actually€collected€money€from€theseÐ $à" Ðclaims.Ð €%Ð # ÐÌà  àInsofar€as€there€was€a€conflict€in€the€opinions€of€the€physicians,€the€jury€undoubtedly€decidedÐ `'°"% Ðthat€Dr.€Weissððs€opinion€was€more€consistent€with€what€they€found€from€their€observation€of€theÐ P( #& Ðplaintiff.€€The€jury€had€the€opportunity€to€observe€the€witnesses€as€they€testified,€both€in€person€orÐ @)$' Ðby€videotape.€€The€weight,€faith,€and€credit€to€be€given€to€any€witnessððs€testimony€lies€in€the€firstÐ 0*€%( Ðinstance€with€the€trier€of€€fact,€and€the€credibility€accorded€will€be€given€great€weight€by€theÐ  +p&) Ðappellate€court.€€ò òòòTown€of€Alamo€v.€Forcum„James€Co.ó óóó,€205€Tenn.€478,€327€S.W.2d€47€(1959);€andÐ ,`'* Ðò òòòSisk€v.€Valley€Forge€Ins.€Co.ó óóó,€640€S.W.2d€844€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1982).Ð ° ÐÌà  àThe€jury€apparently€wanted€to€award€Mr.€Kinnard€the€expense€he€incurred€in€his€initialÐ à Ðtreatment€but,€because€of€the€factual€dispute,€did€not€feel€that€there€was€any€expense€of€theÐ €Ð Ðsubsequent€treatment€related€to€the€accident.€€Bearing€in€mind€the€extreme€importance€of€credibilityÐ pÀ Ðas€assessed€by€the€jury,€the€jury€could€have€reasonably€concluded€that€Mr.€Kinnard€was€not€injuredÐ ` ° Ðin€the€manner€and€to€the€extent€as€he€claimed,€that€perhaps€there€was€some€exaggeration€on€Mr.Ð P   ÐKinnardððs€part€concerning€his€multiple€complaints€of€pain.Ð @  ÐÌà  àFrom€our€review€of€the€record,€there€appears€to€be€material€evidence€to€sustain€the€juryððsÐ  p  Ðverdict.€€Accordingly,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed,€and€this€case€is€remanded€to€theÐ `  Ðtrial€court€for€such€further€proceedings€as€may€be€necessary.€€Costs€of€the€appeal€are€assessed€againstÐ P  Ðthe€appellant,€Bruce€L.€Kinnard.Ô#†Xá‹XXXá‹Ã#ÔÔ#†¼æL»XXá‹.#ÔÔ‡Xá‹X»¼æLÔÐ ð@  ÐÔ#†¼æL»XXá‹3N#ÔÓÓÔ€Xá‹X»¼æLÔ