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X/&24Technical Document Style.. 23  Ԁ.   CRight ParRight-Aligned Paragraph NumbersI.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)3|x<6X9`(*Courier 12pt10cpiXXx6X@JQX@( T$   dڃ"$(G.2Y$ FT!   XX     0  MARVINBERKELESLIEMcWILLIAMS($   0   VANNLASLEYPINCHAKVALONEKuykendall Hoyt("$    GGGG'dxd DDeUӀ2 0Indent123  2" 0Indent20 23  2, 0Indent30 0 23  26 0Indent40 0 0 23  2@ 0Indent50 0 0 0 23  2J 0Indent60 0 0 0 0 23  2T 0Indent70 0 0 0 0 0 23  2^ 0Indent80 0 0 0 0 0 0 23  VWXYZ[\] ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P 8Mac DefaultMac Default ` X<  9p`(Courier New% Line 7 dgggg7Border 1ddMhC << G<  9p`(Arial  F!  #d#f  jj   YYY FILEDjX October29,1997CecilCrowson,Jr.jAppellateCourtClerk PtPtHH(FG(HH(d'`Styl{WP}01  HH  2$HH  Geneva  <Px443!#4$*$$*$ KK  Geneva  Geneva .,6 Geneva   ion-F Geneva  ion-F Geneva MC<< CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$   1  ' dxdP Pd F! . f  ݛ  7*XXdd7\RA'\ `    , 5  g u` ќRikhA1-j|`  `@R ̛@ INTHECOURTOFAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE@ EASTERNSECTIONMELISSAGAILKUYKENDALL@ @ ) KNOXCOUNTY WILLIAMS@ ) 03A019705CV00167@ ) PlaintiffAppellee   @ )@ )@ ) v.   @ ) HON. BILLSWANN,̀@ ) JUDGE@ ) STEVENTHOMASKUYKENDALL,SR. @ )@ ) DefendantAppellant@ ) AFFIRMEDANDREMANDEDDAVIDL.VALONEandSAMUELW.BROWNOFKNOXVILLEFORAPPELLANTCHARLESH.CHILDandALEXISM.SMITHOFKNOXVILLEFORAPPELLEE     OPINION         Goddard,P.J.  StevenThomasKuykendall,Sr.,appealsadecreeoftheCircuitCourtforKnoxCountywhichinvalidatedanantenuptialagreementbetweenhimandhisthenwife,MelissaGailKuykendall,grantedheradivorceanddividedthepropertyoftheparties.  Mr.Kuykendallraisestwoissuesonappeal,asfollows:        I. TheTrialCourterredinrefusingtoenforcetheAntenuptialAgreementbetweenthepartiesinthiscause. II. TheTrialCourterredinawardingattorney'sfeestothePlaintiff/Appellee,suchattorney'sfeesbeingunnecessaryhadtheTrialCourtenforcedtheAntenuptialAgreementbetweentheparties.         Beforeaddressingthefacts,wefirstobservethatantenuptialagreementsarefavoredbythepublicpolicyofthisState.Hoytv.Hoyt,213Tenn.117,372S.W.2d300(1963).WealsonotethatsuchagreementsarespecificallyapprovedbyT.C.A.363501:        363501.Enforcementofantenuptialagreements. Notwithstandinganyotherprovisionoflawtothecontrary,exceptasprovidedin363502,anyantenuptialorprenuptialagreemententeredintobyspousesconcerningpropertyownedbyeitherspousebeforethemarriagewhichisthesubjectofsuchagreementshallbebindinguponanycourthavingjurisdictionoversuchspousesand/orsuchagreementifsuchagreementisdetermined,inthediscretionofsuchcourt,tohavebeenenteredintobysuchspousesfreely,knowledgeablyandingoodfaithandwithoutexertionofduressorundueinfluenceuponeitherspouse.Thetermsofsuchagreementshallbeenforceablebyallremediesavailableforenforcementofcontractterms.         Theterm"knowledgeably"asusedintheStatutehasbeenconstruedtomeanafullandfairdisclosureoftheextentoftheestateofoneseekingtoenforcetheagreementpriortoitsexecution.Wilsonv.Moore,929S.W.2d367(Tenn.App.1996);Williamsv.Williams,868S.W.2d616(Tenn.App.1992).  ThepartiesweremarriedonNovember22,1987,butbeganlivingtogethersomefourmonthspriorthereto,eventhoughMs.Kuykendallatthattimewasstillmarriedtoherformerhusband,BillyWilliamRoberts,whomshedivorcedbydecreeenteredOctober23,1987.TheantenuptialagreementwasdraftedbyMr.Kuykendall'sattorneyandpresentedtoMs.Kuykendallintheattorney'soffice.Shewasgiventheopportunityofconsultingalawyer,butchosenottodosoandsigneditabout15minutesafteritwaspresented.AtthattimeMs.KuykendallwaspregnantwithMr.Kuykendall'schild.  Theantenuptialagreement,whichwassignedonNovember16,1987,sixdaysbeforethepartiesweremarried,providesaspertinenttothisappeal:        ThefollowingsetsforththebackgroundofthisAgreement: (A)AmarriageisabouttobesolemnizedbetweenSTEVENTHOMASKUYKENDALLandMELISSABRADSHAW,bothbeingoflegalage. (B)MelissaBradshawacknowledgesthatshehasbeenfullyadvised,tohersatisfaction,ofherlegalrightsandobligations,andStevenThomasKuykendallacknowledgesthathehasbeenfullyadvisedofhislegalrightsandobligations.Eachacknowledgesthattheyhavefullyconsideredtheirrespectivepecuniaryconditionsandsituations,theirmutualrightsandobligationsandtheeffectandconsequencesofallprovisionsofthisAgreement.̀  (C) Eachpartyownsproperty,real,personal,andmixed,inherandhisownname,andhasfullyinformedtheotheroftherespectivefinancialconditionofeach. .... 1. Thecontemplatedmarriageofthepartiesshallnot,inanymannerwhatsoever,alter,change,oraffecttheircurrentlegalrightsinrespecttotheirrespectivereal,personalandotherpropertywhatsoever,norshalltheeventofmarriagehaveanyeffectofanytype,natureordescriptionuponthelegalrightsoftheirrespectiveheirs,executors,administratorsorassigns.Eachofthepartiesherebydisclaimsallrightsofdescent,distribution,dower,curtesyandotherrightsinandtothepropertyandtheestateoftheother,exceptashereinprovided. 2. Eachofthepartiesshallhave,keepandmaintainthesoleownership,controlandenjoymentof,andshallhavetheexclusiverighttodispose,duringhisorherlifeorbylastwillandtestamentorothertestamentarydisposition,anyandallproperty,real,personalormixed,thatheorshenowownsorispossessedof,orhereaftermayacquireorreceive,ashisorherabsoluteproperty,withoutinterferencebyorfromtheother,inthesamemannerasifthemarriagehadnottakenplace. .... 6. If,andintheeventthatthepartiesshallbemarriedascontemplatedbythisAgreement,andthereafterbedivorced,orliveapart(exceptastheresultofillnessorimpairment),eachofthepartiesdoesherebycovenantandagree,irrespectiveoffault,towaive,relinquishandreleasetheotherof,from,andonaccountofallrights,claimsanddemandsofeverytype,natureordescription,including(withoutlimitation),alimony,supportandmaintenanceinrespecttotheother,exceptasfollows: (A) FirstPartyandSecondPartyagreethatallhouseholdgoodsandfurnishingsshallbeequallydivided. (B) FirstPartyshallpaytotheSecondPartythesumofOnethousand($1,000.00)DollarsandshallfurnishSecondPartywithoneofthefamilyautomobiles. (C) FirstPartyagreesthatifanychildrenarebornofthemarriageandthemarriageisterminated,FirstPartyshallpayaschildsupportthesumofOneHundredFifty($150.00)Dollarspermonth. (D) Thateachpartyshallberesponsibleforhisorherindividualdebts. 7. IfanytermorprovisionofthisAgreementortheapplicationthereoftoanypersonorcircumstancesshall,toanyextent,beinvalidorunenforceable,theremainderofthisAgreement,ortheapplicationofsuchtermsorprovisionstocircumstancesotherthanthoseastowhichitisheldinvalidorunenforceable,shallnotbeaffected,andeachothertermandprovisionshallbevalidandenforcedtotheextentpermittedbylaw,butonlytotheextentthatthesamecontinuetoreflectfairlytheintentandunderstandingofthepartiesasexpressedbythisAgreementtakenasawhole.         ThesoleattackontheantenuptialagreementbyMr.KuykendallisthefollowingstatementbytheCourtrelativetothefactthatMs.Kuykendallwaspregnantatthetimetheagreementwassigned:       Thatcircumstance,haditbeendisclosedintheantenuptialagreement,wouldmakethisantenuptialagreementwatertight,butit'snothere.Itdoesnotsay,MelissaispregnantwithSteven'schild,andneverthelessentersintothisagreement. Inthesedaysofgenderneutralityitisperhapsinappropriatetosuggestthatapersoncarryingachildoutofwedlockisunderduress,Idon'tknow,buthaditbeendisclosedintheantenuptialagreementitwouldhavebeenupheld,butitisnotdisclosed.DoesthisrisetotheabilityofthisCourttosaythatthewifecannothaveenteredintothisagreementfreely,no,butitisafactorwhichmakesitextraordinarilydifficultforthisCourttoupholdtheantenuptialagreement.         WeagreewithMr.KuykendallthatthefacttheantenuptialagreementdidnotrecitethatMs.Kuykendallwaspregnantisaninsufficientgroundforsettingitasidewhenthisfactwasknowntobothparties.  TheTrialCourt,however,madecertainotherfindingsoffactwhichleadsustoquestionwhethertheagreementomittingthefactofpregnancywasthesolereasonfortheTrialCourt'saction:        TheCourtfindsthatthehusbanddidnotfullydisclosehisfinancialaffairstothewife.Hedidnotmakegreateffortstosay,thisiseverythingIown.IhaveanaccountatHomeFederal,IhaveanaccountatFirstTennessee,Ihaveanaccounthere,Ihaveanaccountthere,thesearethebalancesandyou'renottohaveanypartofthem,right.Shesays,right,I'mnot.Didnotmakesuchadisclosure.Now,theCourtalsofinds,however,thathedidanswersuchquestionsassheputtohimduringthisperiodoftime,thisthreeweekperiodoftime.Touchinguponfulldisclosure,thehusbanddidnotbendoverbackwardstosaythisiseverythingIhaveandPerkinson[Perkinsonv.Perkinson,802S.W.2d600(Tenn.1990)],doesnotmakethatrequirement.Itmustbefully,fullyknowledgeable.         TheforegoingfindingoffactrelativetoMr.Kuykendall'sreluctancetodisclosehisfinancialconditionissupportedbyhisowntestimony:        Q Onthatoccasiondidyouhavebankaccounts? A Correct. Q Didyouwritethosebankaccountsdownonasheetofpaper? A Yes. Q Youdid? A Yes. Q Didyoushowandtellherthebalanceofthoseaccounts? A No. Q Didyoutellhertheitemsofpropertiesthatyouhadorthevaluesofanyoftheassetsyouhad? A Yes. Q Didyouwritethatdownonasheetofpaper? A No,wediscussedit. Q Wheredidyoudiscussit? A Ibelieveitwasdiscussedduringtheconversationoftheagreement,Ithinkinthelivingroomofmyhome. Q Whenwasthatinrelationtowritingthisdown,ortheexecutionofthedocument? A When? Q Yes,sir,wasitadaybefore,aweekbefore? A ItwasatleasttwoI'dsayatleastaweekinadvance,aweekortwoweeks,threeweeksinadvance.Inbetweenthatthreeweektimeperiod. Q Doyouhaveheretodayanythingthatsummarizesthatinformationthatyougaveher? A No,Idon'tIcan'tIdon'thaveanythinglikethat. Q Well,doyouhaveanythingwrittendownthatyougaveher? A Thisrighthere. Q Well,that'stheantenuptialagreement. A That'scorrect. Q Didyougiveheranythingelseinwritingaboutyourassets? A TheonlywayIcananswerthatisthatshehadbeentoallthepropertiesallthepropertiesI'veownedshehadbeenin,onandtobeforethesigningofthisdocument.SheknewverywellwhatIhad.ImeansheknewallthepropertiesthatIhaveshehadknowledgeof. Q Myquestionwas,didyougiveheranythinginwritingaboutanyoftheseproperties? A No. Q Didyougiveheranyinformationaboutmortgages,debtbalances,youroverallfinancial? A Thatwasnotpartofthisnuptialagreement. Q Didyoudisclosetoherwhatyourincomewas? A Ican'tanswerthatquestion. Q Youdon'trecall? A Idon'trecall. Q Didyouatthattimehaveretirementbenefits? A Correct. Q Didyougiveheranybrochures,documents,handbooksregardingthat? A NotthatIrecall. Q Didyouauthorizetoherthereleasesothatshecouldgoandgetthatinformation? A Weweren'tmarried,shehadnorighttothatinformation. Q Didyouauthorizetherelease? A No,becausewedoneanuptialagreement,shehasnorighttothoseoptions. .... Q Yourattitudeisthatshewasnotentitledtothatinformation;isthatcorrect? A Thatistrue. Q Andthereforeyouweren'tobligatedtodiscloseheranyinformationaboutyourassets. A thatwasmypersonal,mypersonal,mypersonalassets. Q Andyousawtoitthatyoudidn'tgivethatinformationtoher. A Itwasn'tithadnothingtodowithher.         WhiletherecorddoesdisclosethatatthetimeofthemarriageMs.KuykendallwasapprisedoftwoparcelsofrealpropertyownedbyMr.Kuykendall(oneofwhichwassoldandanotherpurchasedduringthecourseoftheirmarriage),thereisnoshowingthatshewasfullyapprisedoftheamountofhispension,thevalueoftheproperty,indebtednessowed,bankaccounts,andsuch.  ItistruethatMs.Kuykendallwasnotconcernedatthetimeshesignedtheagreementthattheirchildwouldbedestitute,believingthatMr.Kuykendallwouldsupportit,butwasconcernedthatthechildbelegitimate,andthatshewouldnotbeturnedoutofMr.Kuykendall'shousewithoutbeingabletoemploytherightsaccordedawife.  InlightoftheforegoingtestimonyandfindingsoffactbytheTrialCourt,weconcludethattheevidencedoesnotpreponderateagainsthisfindingoffactthatfulldisclosurewasnotmade,northatMs.Kuykendallwassubjecttoduresssufficienttovoidtheagreement.  AlthoughnospecificissueisraisedbyMs.Kuykendall,whichwesuggestisthebetterpractice,shedoesmakeanargumentinherbriefthattheTrialCourtshouldhavebeenmoregenerousinhisawardofpropertytoher.Ourreviewoftherecordpersuadesusthat,althoughtheawardwasnotequalitwas,underthefactsofthiscase,equitableand,consequently,willnotbedisturbed.  FortheforegoingreasonsthejudgmentoftheTrialCourtisaffirmedandthecauseremandedforsuchfurtherproceedings,ifany,asmaybenecessaryandcollectionofcostsbelow.CostsofappealareadjudgedagainstMr.Kuykendallandhissurety.      _______________________________      HoustonM.Goddard,P.J.CONCUR:________________________________HerschelP.Franks,J.________________________________CliffordE.Sanders,Sp.J.