ÿWPCe( -OÊ+nC[K’ÌËnWÌ‹]ÇäYõc0#û'~]1L\ÍX“Eï«)t«Àû5æýL‰²ÅÏ%pR¥¶WRóÓ 0j-p*@ľ§ìÙðå"EŸùŸQDlÑÑ5Éè§£›· ^MH˜ `¡“^ ¨ôÅùDZ–Æ èsÎ Dˆ‹/a›?^Ñëwc-"ªO§ ¿_F}áÔJw£´Ç èÃ5i;ÛjGkèáÝ<ݱUb‚|´Çuç ”ËØ?ã,_°¼„y1Ý%Zã“`œ¬mÈÐ “EÚLˆ T*†ƒžê –JOãìýªX;`FªYO“¼Ú^ñTyüÚ¨vT[Ò¼ßãé¢"âÇq 2j{Þ‚sÙ#xà&„c­¾ãZ¢Ò ÏfZUÝ&Máò¥w‚‰Š¡BÜÚ‡ŽÉµc¶"~á½÷;ŒGA ¸}ˆšñ)6¼|ñØwBÃÉYMÃ;[ûê‘áx½®‘=¨î튜8P@OªùX¡ &—âTÇIÔ©6=oƒà dßÏï8ŸÂ;%gÙ€Iûöm!r@ÄWÒÆ»»züËýAÔuÒâ©ë¾7(<ûI«Éñ‘ÐB73îK ¿s ñR’Þš4Fi)# >UNI %— 0(w@Å4( 0l0 0Dœzà“Z ÁíR®Æ Û)æ#U:%)I%U:r&r&r&r&r&r&r&r&r&r& AQ¬& Bý& 0D' 0D^' 0D¢'¢' D/æ'æ' B( D32(˜HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLlÎ(ÈhH  Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡ t u v w x£yz{Ó€‡Šn~<$Œü3|xŠ((3üÝ$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó pÝ ƒ üÝ$Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝThe€record€is€somewhat€confusing€regarding€the€date€on€which€the€events€giving€rise€toÐ ° ÐLipscombððs€complaint€occurred.€€Items€filed€in€the€cause€by€Lipscomb€state€that€these€eventsÏtook€place€on€September€24,€1996.€€Other€items€in€the€record,€however,€suggest€that€theyÏoccurred€on€September€24,€1995.€€When€questioned€about€this€inconsistency€during€oralÏargument,€counsel€for€Lipscomb€explained€that€an€error€had€occurred€when€drafting€items€filedÏby€Lipscomb€and€conceded€that€the€actual€date€of€the€incident€was€September€24,€1995. ‰Ý ƒ üÝ$Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝTennesseeððs€uninsured€motorist€statute€generally€does€not€permit€a€plaintiff€to€maintainÐ ° Ðan€action€directly€against€the€plaintiffððs€insurance€provider.€€òòò òSee€Glover€v.€Tennessee€FarmersÐ œì ÐMut.€Ins.€Co.ó óóó,€468€S.W.2d€727,€730€(Tenn.€1971).€€ò òòòBut€see€Brewer€v.€Richardsonóóó ó,€893€S.W.2dÐ ˆØ Ð935,€938€(Tenn.€1995)(allowing€such€an€action€when€process€issued€to€the€uninsured€motoristÏwas€returned€unserved).€€Rather,€the€plaintiff€must€institute€a€suit€against€the€uninsured€motoristÏand€serve€the€insurance€company€with€notice€of€the€action.€€ò òòòSee€óóó óTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€56„7„1206(a)Ð L œ Ð(1994).€€If€the€identity€of€the€uninsured€motorist€is€unknown,€the€statute€allows€the€plaintiff€toÐ 8 ˆ „ Ðsimply€name€ð ðJohn€Doeðð€as€a€defendant.€€ò òòòSee€óóó óTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€56„7„1206(b)€(1994).€€AnÐ ° Ðinsurance€provider€that€has€been€served€with€process€may,€in€its€discretion,€file€pleadings€andÏotherwise€participate€in€the€proceedings€in€an€attempt€to€defend€the€uninsured€motorist.€€ò òòòSeeÐ ˆØ ÐHarvey€v.€Birchfieldóóó ó,€535€S.W.2d€334,€336„37€(Tenn.€1976);€ò òòòWitter€v.€Nesbitóóó ó,€878€S.W.2d€116,Ð tÄ Ð119€(Tenn.€App.€1993);€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€56„7„1206(a)€(1994). ·Ý ƒ üÝ$Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝCounsel€for€Lipscomb€essentially€conceded€this€point€in€comments€made€to€the€trialÐ ° Ðjudge€regarding€why€Logan,€Chaney,€and€Dyson€were€not€named€as€defendants€in€the€originalÏcomplaint.€€He€explained€as€follows:ÌÌà0  àSo,€I€donððt€want€to€mislead€the€court€by€saying€ð ðI€didnððt€know€those€three€[guysðð]€names.€ÏWe€didnððt€know€those€three€[guysðð]€names.ðð€€Ð (#(# Ðà8  àà ` àWe€knew€from€the€outset€before€this€lawsuit€was€filed,€that€those€threeÏguys€were€in€the€car€apparently.€€I€honestly€donððt€know.€€My€client€doesnððt€knowÏwho€pulled€the€trigger. HÝ ƒ üÝ$Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú5Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝThe€notice€provisions€of€Tennessee€Rule€15.03€and€Federal€Rule€15(c)€are€substantiallyÐ ° Ðsimilar.€€Federal€Rule€15(c)€provides€as€follows:ÌÌà8  àAn€amendment€of€a€pleading€relates€back€to€the€date€of€the€original€pleading€when€Ð Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àà ` à(1)€relation€back€is€permitted€by€the€law€that€provides€the€statute€ofÏlimitations€applicable€to€the€action,€orÐ Ð Ð  Ðà8  àà ` à(2)€the€claim€or€defense€asserted€in€the€amended€pleading€arose€out€of€theÏconduct,€transaction,€or€occurrence€set€forth€or€attempted€to€be€set€forth€in€theÏoriginal€pleading,€orÐ Ð Ð  Ðà8  àà ` à(3)€the€amendment€changes€the€party€or€the€naming€of€the€party€againstÏwhom€a€claim€is€asserted€if€the€foregoing€provision€(2)€is€satisfied€and,€within€theÏperiod€provided€by€Rule€4(m)€for€service€of€the€summons€and€complaint,€theÏparty€to€be€brought€in€by€amendment€(A)€has€received€such€notice€of€theÏinstitution€of€the€action€that€the€party€will€not€be€prejudiced€in€maintaining€aÏdefense€on€the€merits,€and€(B)€knew€or€should€have€known€that,€but€for€a€mistakeÏconcerning€the€identity€of€the€proper€party,€the€action€would€have€been€broughtÏagainst€the€party.Ð Ð Ð  ÐÌF.R.C.P.€15(c). Ý ƒ üÝ$Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú6Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝThis€provision€states€as€follows:Ð ° ÐÌà8  à(a)€The€following€actions€shall€be€commenced€within€one€(1)€year€after€the€causeÏof€action€accrued:Ð Ð Ð  Ðà8  àà ` à(1)€Actions€for€libel,€òòò òfor€injuries€to€the€personóóó ó,€false€imprisonment,Ð pÀ Ðmalicious€prosecution,€breach€of€marriage€promise;Ð Ð Ð  ÐÌTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€28„3„104€(a)(1)€(Supp.€1998)(emphasis€added).ƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5  Ý ƒ üÝ$Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝDuring€the€recorded€telephone€conversation,€Lipscomb€answered€the€questions€of€theÐ ° ÐAmerisure€employee€as€follows:ÌÌà0  àà ° àà8(#(#àQ.à8` Ð Ð àOkay.€€You€donððt€have€a€copy€of€that€report€on€that€incident?ЀÐ` x` x Ðà8  àA.à8` Ð Ð àAh,€no,€I€donððt€have€a€copy€of€the€actual€police€report,€no.€€I€wouldÐ pÀ Ðlike€to.€€I€guess€I€need€to€get€one.€€I€do€have€a€little€information€onÏthose€guys,€if€you€would€like€their,€I€think€I€have€their€names.€But,ÏI€mean€there€[sic]€all€in€jail.Ð ` x` x Ðà8  àQ.à8` Ð Ð àWell,€the€more€you€can€give€us,€the€quicker€we€can€get€theÐ 0 € ÐMemphis€Police€to€find€the€report€on€that.Ð ` x` x Ðà8  àA.à8` Ð Ð àAll€right.€€Let€me€see€here.€€I€know€they€sent€me€something€on€itÐ `  Ðwith€docket€numbers€and€stuff.€€Anthono›€œChaney›,€œCorey›€œDyson›€.€.€.€Ð ` x` x Ðà8  àQ.à8` Ð Ð àD€I€S€O€N?Ðð@ ` x` x Ðà8  àA.à8` Ð Ð àD€Y€S€O€N.Ðà0 ` x` x Ðà8  àQ.à8` Ð Ð àThatððs€Corey,€C€O€R€E€Y?ÐÐ ` x` x Ðà8  àA.à8` Ð Ð àAh€ha,€and€James€Logan.ÐÀ` x` x Ðà8  àQ.à8` Ð Ð àOkay.а` x` x Ðà8  àA.à8` Ð Ð àAnd€their€arrest€number€is€95276061.Рð` x` x Ðà8  àQ.à8` Ð Ð àOkay.Ðà` x` x Ðà8  àA.à8` Ð Ð àLet€me€see€if€I€have€anything€else.€€I€donððt€think€I€have€anythingÐ €Ð Ðelse€on€them.Ð ` x` x Ðà8  àQ.à8` Ð Ð àOkay.Ð`°` x` x Ðà8  àA.à8` Ð Ð àIt€gave€their€addresses€in€the€newspaper€.€.€.€ÐP ` x` x Ðà8  àQ.à8` Ð Ð àOh,€really.Ð@` x` x Ðà8  àA.à8` Ð Ð àWould€you€like€that?Ð0€` x` x Ðà8  àQ.à8` Ð Ð àYeah.Ð p` x` x Ðà8  àA.à8` Ð Ð àI€mean€their€[sic]€not€there€though.€€They€are€in€jail.€€I€can€give€it€toÐ ` Ðyou.Ð ` x` x Ðà8  àQ.à0` Ð Ð àOkay.€€Could€you€just€get€a€photocopy€of€that€article€for€me?Ðð@` Ð ` Ð  Ðà8  àA.à8` Ð Ð àYeah,€I€could€do€that. Ý ƒ!¯"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€X”9XXXÔÔ€ËRXX”9ÔÓ  ÓÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€X”9XËRÔÐ  ÐÌò òDecember€21,€1998Ð šš ÐÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€ôÄìôXX”9ÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular Ý ƒ!¯"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€X”9XXXÔÔ€ËRXX”9ÔÓ  ÓÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€X”9XËRÔÐ  ÐÌò òDecember€16,€1998Ð šš ÐÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€ôÄìôXX”9ÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular!"#%Cþÿ<< Cÿÿ d(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó'''÷ÿ dxdüÿP Pd 'ÿÿdxdÝ ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýñ{ñ›ñ{ñÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÓ'°,X°À”X°œX'Óò òñ‡ññ{ñßr€(<,(j 8` `€€@Eȱ` ttx$°ð Õrßñ{ññ‡ññŠññ‡ñßr€(<,(j 8` `€€@Eȱ` ttx$°ð Õrßñ‡ññŠññŠññŠññŠññ{ñ›ñ{ññŠññŠññŠññŠñ›ñŠññŠñ›ñŠñà@O O ìàIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEE,€ˆÌà@kk%ìàAT€JACKSONó óˆÐ œì ÐÌà@. . ìà_______________________________________________________ˆÌÌà À à)Ìò òCASSANDRA€LYNN€LIPSCOMBó ó,à À à)à  àShelby€County€Circuit€CourtÐ 8 ˆ Ðà À à)à  àNo.€81763€&€85203€T.D.Ð ( x Ѐ€€€€Plaintiff/Appellant.à À à)Ð  d ÐñŠññŠñà À à)ÌVS.à À à)à  àC.A.€No.€02A01„9711„CV„00293Ð ì <  ÐñŠñœßt€(>.*jxú1` `€€@EÛ ` ttx$Øð  tß›ñŠñà À à)Ìò òJOHN€DOEó ó,à À à)Ð Ä  Ðà À à)Ì€€€€€Defendant/Appellee.à À à)Ð  ð  Ðà À à)Ìò òandà À àó ó)Ð xÈ Ðà À à)Ìò òCASSANDRA€LYNN€LIPSCOMBó ó,à À à)Ð T¤ Ðà À à)Ì€€€€€Plaintiff/Appellant.à À à)Ð 0€ Ðà À à)ÌVS.à À à)Ð X Ðà À à)Ìò òCOREY€DYSON,€JAMES€LOGAN,ó óà À à)Ð à0 Ðò òAnd€ANTONIO€CHANEYó ó,à À à)Ð Ð  Ðà À à)Ì€€€€€Defendants.à À à)Ð ¬ü Ð______________________________________________________________________________ÌÌFrom€the€Circuit€Court€of€Shelby€County€at€Memphis.Ìò òHonorable€DððArmy€Bailey,€Judge€ó óÐ \!¬ ÐÌÌÌò òA.€Wilson€Wagesó ó,€Millington,€TennesseeÐ  %\ # ÐAttorney€for€Plaintiff/Appellant.ÌÌÌò òFred€P.€Wilsonó ó,€STEWART,€WILKINSON€AND€WILSON€LAW€FIRM,€Memphis,€TennesseeÐ À($' ÐAttorney€for€Defendant/Appellee.ÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:ÌÌò òAFFIRMED€AND€REMANDEDó óÐ 8/ˆ*. ÐÌÌà À àò òFARMER,€J.ó óÐ ü1L-1 ÐÌò òHIGHERS,€J.ó ó:€(Concurs)Ð Ô3$/3 Ðò òLILLARD,€J.ó ó:€œ(Concurs)Ð Ä404 ÐÌÌÌÌÌÌÐ <;Œ6; ÐñtññsñÓ3°,X°` À”X°,X°À”X3ÓñsññtññuññtñÓ6°,X°`  À”X°,X°À”X6ÓñtññuññvññuñÓ6°,X°` ¸ À”X°,X°À”X6ÓñuññvññwññvñÓ6°,X°` ‚XÀ”X°,X°À”X6ÓñvññwññwñÓ0°,X°` ˜X°,X°À”X0ÓñwññxñÓ  ÓñxññyñÓÓñyññzñà ` àPlaintiff€Cassandra€Lynn€Lipscomb€appeals€the€trial€courtððs€denial€of€her€motion€forÏleave€to€amend€as€well€as€the€trial€courtððs€dismissal€of€all€of€her€claims.€€For€the€reasons€set€forthÏbelow,€we€affirm€the€ruling€of€the€trial€court.ÌÌà@ÃÃìàòòò òFactual€and€Procedural€Historyó óóóˆÐ  ` ÐÌà ` àWhile€driving€her€automobile€on€the€evening€of€September€24,€1995,׃ ×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€Lipscomb€wasÐ ¸  Ðchased€and€repeatedly€struck€from€behind€by€another€vehicle.€€The€pursuing€vehicle€then€pulled€upÏbeside€Lipscombððs€vehicle€and€one€of€its€occupants€pointed€a€gun€at€Lipscomb.€€The€gunman€thenÏshot€Lipscomb,€breaking€the€window€of€her€vehicle.€€On€October€7,€1995,€an€article€describing€thisÏincident€and€accompanied€by€a€photograph€of€Lipscomb€appeared€in€a€local€newspaper.€€The€articleÏlisted€the€names€and€addresses€of€three€men€who€had€been€arrested€and€charged€in€connection€withÏthe€attack.€€Lipscomb€reported€the€existence€of€this€article€to€Amerisure€Companies€(Amerisure),€herÏautomobile€insurance€carrier,€on€November€10,€1995€and€faxed€a€copy€of€the€article€to€AmerisureÏon€November€13,€1995.ÌÌà ` àOn€September€24,€1996,€Lipscomb€filed€a€complaint€seeking€damages€for€injuriesÏsustained€in€connection€with€the€incident€of€September€24,€1995.€€The€complaint€did€not€name€asÏa€defendant€any€of€the€three€men€listed€in€the€newspaper€article€that€Lipscomb€had€faxed€toÏAmerisure.€€Rather,€the€complaint€was€filed€using€the€ð ðJohn€Doeðð€procedure€of€section€56„7„1206(b)Ïof€the€òòò òTennessee€Code€Annotatedóóó ó,€which€allows€a€plaintiff€to€seek€relief€from€his€or€her€insuranceÐ ˆ)Ø$( Ðprovider€even€though€the€identity€of€the€uninsured€motorist€who€caused€the€plaintiffððs€injuries€isÏunknown.€€ò òòòSee€óóó óTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€56„7„1206(b)€(1994).׃ ×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€On€December€5,€1996,€Amerisure€filedÐ 8-ˆ(, Ða€motion€to€dismiss€Lipscombððs€ð ðJohn€Doeðð€complaint.€€On€December€23,€1996,€Lipscomb€filed€aÏmotion€seeking€leave€to€amend€her€complaint€to€add€James€Logan,€Antonio€Chaney,€and€CoryÏDyson,€the€three€men€named€in€the€newspaper€article,€as€defendants.€€Thereafter€on€February€13,Ï1997,€she€filed€a€separate€complaint€against€Logan,€Chaney,€and€Dyson.€€By€consent,€the€two€actionsÏwere€consolidated.€€Amerisure€then€filed€a€motion€to€dismiss€Lipscombððs€claims€against€Logan,ÏChaney,€and€Dyson.€€The€trial€court€heard€all€pending€motions€and€on€October€31,€1997€entered€anÏorder€denying€Lipscombððs€motion€to€amend€and€granting€Amerisureððs€motion€to€dismiss€LipscombððsÏð ðJohn€Doeðð€complaint.€€On€that€same€day,€the€trial€court€also€entered€an€order€dismissingÏLipscombððs€complaint€against€Logan,€Chaney,€and€Dyson.€€This€appeal€followed.ÌÌà ` àThe€issues€raised€on€appeal€are€(1)€whether€the€trial€court€erred€in€denyingÏLipscombððs€motion€to€amend€her€ð ðJohn€Doeðð€complaint€and€(2)€whether€the€trial€court€erred€inÏgranting€Amerisureððs€motions€to€dismiss€both€Lipscombððs€ð ðJohn€Doeðð€complaint€and€her€separateÏcomplaint€against€Logan,€Chaney,€and€Dyson.€€Because€these€are€questions€of€law,€our€review€of€theÏtrial€courtððs€ruling€is€ò òòòde€novoóóó ó€with€no€presumption€of€correctness.€€ò òòòSee€Owens€v.€Truckstops€ofÐ ð@ ÐAmericaóóó ó,€915€S.W.2d€420,€424€(Tenn.€1996);€€òòò òRidings€v.€Ralph€M.€Parsons€Co.óóó ó,€914€S.W.2d€79,Ð Ð  Ð80€(Tenn.€1996);€T.R.A.P.€13(d).€€ÌÌà@''ìàò òòòLipscombððs€Motion€to€AmendˆÐ p&À!$ ÐÌà ` àó óóóLipscomb€first€contends€that€the€trial€court€should€have€allowed€her€to€amend€herÐ 0*€%( Ðð ðJohn€Doeðð€complaint€and€name€additional€defendants€under€section€20„1„119€of€the€òòò òTennesseeÐ ,`'* ÐCode€Annotatedóó€ó ówhich€provides€in€pertinent€part€as€follows:Ð ð-@), ÐÌÓÓà8 ` àà ¸ à(a)€€In€civil€actions€where€comparative€fault€is€or€becomes€anÏissue,€if€a€defendant€named€in€an€original€complaint€initiating€a€suitÏfiled€within€the€applicable€statute€of€limitations,€or€named€in€anÏamended€complaint€filed€within€the€applicable€statute€of€limitations,Ð €4Ð/3 Ðalleges€in€an€answer€or€amended€answer€to€the€original€or€amendedÏcomplaint€that€a€person€not€a€party€to€the€suit€caused€or€contributedÏto€the€injury€or€damage€for€which€the€plaintiff€seeks€recovery,€and€ifÏthe€plaintiffððs€cause€or€causes€of€action€against€such€person€would€beÏbarred€by€any€applicable€statute€of€limitations€but€for€the€operation€ofÏthis€section,€the€plaintiff€may,€within€ninety€(90)€days€of€the€filing€ofÏthe€first€answer€or€first€amended€answer€alleging€such€personððs€fault,Ïeither:Ð ` x` x Ðà8 ` àà ¸ à(1)€Amend€the€complaint€to€add€such€person€as€a€defendantÏpursuant€to€Rule€15€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€Civil€Procedure€andÏcause€process€to€be€issued€for€that€person;€orÐ ` x` x Ðà8 ` àà ¸ à(2)€Institute€a€separate€action€against€that€person€by€filing€aÏsummons€and€complaint.€€If€the€plaintiff€elects€to€proceed€under€thisÏsection€by€filing€a€separate€action,€the€complaint€so€filed€shall€not€beÏconsidered€an€ð ðoriginal€complaint€initiating€the€suitðð€or€ð ðan€amendedÏcomplaintðð€for€purposes€of€this€subsection.Ð ` x` x Ðà8 ` àà ¸ à(b)€A€cause€of€action€brought€within€ninety€(90)€days€pursuantÏto€subsection€(a)€shall€not€be€barred€by€any€statute€of€limitations.€ÏThis€section€shall€not€extend€any€applicable€statute€of€repose,€norÏshall€this€section€permit€the€plaintiff€to€maintain€an€action€against€aÏperson€when€such€an€action€is€barred€by€an€applicable€statute€ofÏrepose.Ð ` x` x ÐÌÌÌÓ ÓTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€20„1„119€(a),€(b)€(1994).€€Section€20„1„119€was€enacted€in€response€to€theÏadoption€of€comparative€fault€in€Tennessee.€€ò òòòSee€Browder€v.€Morrisóóó ó,€975€S.W.2d€308,€310€(Tenn.Ð P Ð1998).ò ò€€ó óThe€concern€of€the€legislators€was€that€a€defendant€might€allege€in€his€or€her€answer€that€aÐ à0 Ðpreviously€unknown€party€was€wholly€or€partly€responsible€for€the€plaintiffððs€injuries.€€If€such€anÏallegation€was€made€after€the€running€of€the€statute€of€limitations,€the€plaintiff€would€be€unable€toÏrecover€from€the€newly€named€party.€€òòò òSee€Whittlesey€v.€Coleó óóó,€142€F.3d€340,€345€(6th€Cir.€1998).ò ò€Ð €%Ð # Ðó óSection€20„1„119€allows€a€plaintiff€in€this€situation€to€amend€his€or€her€complaint€and€add€as€aÐ `'°"% Ðdefendant€the€party€alleged€by€the€original€defendant€to€have€caused€or€contributed€to€the€plaintiffððsÏinjury,€even€if€the€statute€of€limitations€applicable€to€the€plaintiffððs€cause€of€action€against€the€newlyÏadded€defendant€has€expired.€€ò òòòSee€Owensóóó ó,€915€S.W.2d€at€427.ò òÐ -P(+ ÐÌà ` àó óThe€facts€of€ò òòòOwens€v.€Truckstops€of€Americaóóó ó,€915€S.W.2d€420€(Tenn.€1996),Ð À0,/ Ðillustrate€the€type€of€situation€to€which€section€20„1„119€was€intended€to€apply.€€In€ò òòòOwensóóó ó,€aÐ  2ð-1 Ðrestaurant€patron€sustained€personal€injuries€when€the€stool€on€which€he€was€sitting€broke,€causingÏhim€to€fall€to€the€floor.€€òòò òSee€id.€ó óóóat€423.€€The€patron€filed€a€complaint€against€the€restaurant,€allegingÐ `6°15 Ðnegligent€maintenance€of€the€stool€and€failure€to€warn€of€the€stoolððs€dangerous€condition.€€ò òòòSee€id.€Ð @837 Ðó óóóIn€its€amended€answer,€the€restaurant€alleged€that€the€acts€of€the€company€that€designed€andÐ  :p59 Ðmanufactured€the€stool€and€the€company€from€whom€it€purchased€the€stool€caused€or€contributedÐ