ÿWPC …# VUHa %© 0¿¯n w@v 4¶ Ê 0Ù 0DÜ 0J 0Tj 0^¾ 0h 0r„ 0|ö 0†r 0ø 1uˆ 0dýU6aB)—DCÀ AMU*P”zˆv~– D3vÓG 0@ BZ AOwÆÆ 0DŒ D/Ð Bÿ˜HP LaserJet 4HPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLdÒ<à09Z 0Courier (W1) RegularX(—;d$¡¡Ô€X|XXXÔÓ  ÓÓ  ÓÑ  ÑÑTRY(3Ø' LetterY(3Ø' Letter3Ø' Letter3Ø' LetterTÑ 234E56D789:D;Ó€f|œ$urier 3|xF(³(3z³$¤¤Ý ƒ;d!ÝÔ€X XXXÔÓ  ÓÓ  ÓÑ  ÑÑTRY3Ø' Letter3Ø' 3Ø' Letterÿ3Ø'TÑÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(Courier New% Line 7 d####7Border 1dd€-$Cþÿ << Gÿÿ< Œ 9p`(Arial ŠÝ ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€"ÔÓ  ÓÓ  ÓÑ  ÑÑ\R3Ø'\ÑÝ  ÝÔ€&ÔÔ€&ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€&XÔÌÌò òJuly€31,€1998ÌÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€&ôÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó ~Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€"ÔÓ  ÓÓ  ÓÑ  ÑÑ\R3Ø'\ÑÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝòòFor€convenience,€the€parties€will€be€referred€to€as€they€appearedÏbelow,€i.e.,€plaintiff€and€defendant.€€óóÌPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'h....'ÿÿdxdStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÒ  h HD: Geneva Ò("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò d€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€"ÔÓ  ÓÓ  ÓÑ  ÑÑ\R3Ø'\ÑÝ  ÝÑ  ÑÑ ¸ ÑÑ  ÑÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ7€ XXdÈdÈ7ÑÑ  ÑÙ€€ÙßR€%'$A1-j|` Å `€€@ÿRß›Þ ÞÌ€€€à@ àIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALSÌà@ àAT€KNOXVILLEÌÌÌÌœÌÌ›ÌÌPIGEON€FORGE€DRUGS,€€€€€€€€€€€€€)à àSEVIER€CIRCUITÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)€€C.€A.€NO.€03A01„9802„CV„00048Ì€€€€€€€€€€Plaintiff„Appellee€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ìœ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì›€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ìvs.€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)à àHON.€RICHARD€R.€VANCEÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)à àJUDGEÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€œ)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)›ÌPAULETTE€MAPLES,€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)à àAFFIRMED€AND€REMANDEDÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€Defendant„Appellant€€€)ÌÌÌÌÌÌREBECCA€C.€œMcCOY›,€Sevierville,€for€Appellant.ÌÌÌGARY€œKIMBLE›,€Pro€Se,€Pigeon€Forge€Drugs.ÌÌœÇÓÓ›à@ àòòO€P€I€N€I€O€NóóÌÌà€ àMcMurray,€J.ÌÌà àThis€case€originated€in€the€Trial€Justice€Court€for€SevierÏCounty€as€a€suit€on€an€open€account.× ƒ( ××  ×€€Judgment€was€entered€inÏfavor€of€the€plaintiff€and€against€the€defendant.€€The€defendantÏappealed€to€the€Circuit€Court.€€After€a€trial€de€novo,€judgmentÏwas€again€entered€in€favor€of€the€plaintiff€and€against€the€defen…dant.€€From€this€judgment,€the€defendant€appeals.€€We€affirm€theÏjudgment€of€the€trial€court.ÌÌà àThe€defendant€presents€the€following€issues€for€our€review:ÌÌÓÓà8 àà0 àà à1.à àWhether€the€trial€court€erred€in€holding€the€appelƒlant€responsible€for€the€debt€of€another€withoutÏappellant's€written€consent,€thus€violating€theÏstatute€of€frauds.ÌÌà8 àà0 àà à2.à àWhether€the€court€erred€by€failing€to€give€creditÏfor€payments€which€had€not€been€credited€to€theÏaccount.ÌÌÓÓÌà àThe€defendant€maintained€an€open€charge€account€with€theÏplaintiff€for€several€years.€€Her€children€and/or€stepchildren,Ïfrom€time€to€time,€charged€prescriptions€to€the€defendant's€ac…count.€€The€defendant€notified€the€plaintiff€not€to€allow€herÏchildren€to€make€any€further€charges€against€her€account.€€ChargesÏwere€made€after€the€notification.€€The€plaintiff€presented€testi…mony€wherein€it€was€stated€that,€after€notification,€no€chargesÏwere€made€to€the€œdefendant's›€account€except€upon€her€expressÏauthorization,€generally€obtained€by€phone.€€The€defendant€deniesÏthat€she€authorized€all€the€charges€on€her€account.ÌÌà àWe€will€first€look€to€the€issue€of€the€statute€of€frauds.€ÏT.C.A.€ðð€29„2„101(a)(2)€provides€as€follows:ÌÌÓÓà8 à(a)€€No€action€shall€be€brought:€ÌÌà8 à(2)€To€charge€the€defendant€upon€any€special€promise€toÏanswer€for€the€debt,€default,€or€miscarriage€of€anotherÏperson;€...€unless€the€promise€or€agreement,€upon€whichÍsuch€action€shall€be€brought,€or€some€memorandum€or€noteÏthereof,€shall€be€in€writing,€and€signed€by€the€party€toÏbe€charged€therewith,€or€some€other€person€lawfullyÏauthorized€by€such€party.€ÌÌÓÓÌà àThe€appellant€asserts€that€a€judgment€requiring€her€to€payÏfor€charges€on€her€account€by€persons€other€than€œherself,›€withoutÏwritten€œauthorization,›€constitutes€a€violation€of€the€above€quotedÏstatute.€€In€support€of€this€proposition,€she€relies€uponÏòòYarbrough€v.€Viaróó,€282€S.W.2d€367€(Tenn.€App.€1954).€€InÏòòYarbroughóó,€the€defendant€Viar€went€to€a€œbusiness›€establishment€andÏinduced€the€business€to€extend€credit€to€Thompson€by€agreeing€toÏ"stand€good"€for€the€Thompson€account.€€The€agreement€was€notÏreduced€to€writing.€€Subsequently,€the€business€brought€suitÏagainst€Viar€on€the€agreement€to€"stand€good"€for€the€ThompsonÏaccount.€€The€Court€stated:ÌÌÓÓà8 àà àIt€is€the€opinion€of€this€Court€that€the€Statute€ofÏFrauds€is€applicable€in€this€case€and€that,€whether€orÏnot€the€oral€promise€by€Viar€was€made€as€contended€forÏby€the€plaintiff,€Yarbrough,€in€any€event,€since€same€isÏwithin€the€Statute€of€Frauds,€defendant€Viar€can€not€beÍÔ&  Ôheld.ÌÌ282€S.W.2d€367,€369.ÌÔ'  ÔÌÓÓÌà àWe€think,€however,€that€the€appellant's€reliance€uponÏòòYarbroughóó€is€misplaced.€€In€òòYarbroughóó,€the€credit€was€extended€toÏThompson.€€Viar€was€a€guarantor€under€an€oral€agreement.€€In€thisÏcase,€the€credit€was€extended€to€the€defendant€not€to€the€childrenÏor€stepchildren€of€the€defendant.€€In€òòWatson€v.€Wellsóó,€103€S.W.2dÏ30€(Tenn.€App.€1936),€the€appellant€asserted€that€the€court€erredÏin€refusing€to€œgive€a€special€charge€to€the€jury€that›€"[œi]n›€orderÏto€charge€one€person€with€the€account€of€another,€it€must€appearÏin€writing€or€memoranda€signed€by€the€party€sought€to€be€chargedÏthat€he€has€agreed€to€pay€same.€...€."€€This€court€held€that€theÏtrial€judge€correctly€refused€the€charge€and€quoting€from€òòœHazen›€v.ÏœBearden›óó,€4€œSneed›€48€and€òòJohnson€v.€Laneóó,€164€Tenn€234,€47€S.W.2dÏ554,€stated:ÌÌÓÓà8 àà à...€Where€goods€were€delivered€to€one,€but€creditÏwas€extended€to€the€promisor,€it€need€not€be€in€writingÏand€the€promisor€is€liable.ÌÌÓÓ103€S.W.2d€30,€32.ÌÌà àWe€note€that€in€this€case,€to€reach€the€merits€of€the€defen…dants€issue,€it€is€necessary€to€weigh€the€evidence.€€The€testimonyÏof€the€plaintiff€was€that€each€charge€was€authorized€by€the€defen…dant.€€On€the€other€hand,€the€defendant€denies€that€such€is€theÏcase.€€The€trial€court€obviously€accredited€the€testimony€of€theÏplaintiff€and€found€that€the€preponderance€of€the€evidence€favoredÏthe€plaintiff€and€that€the€plaintiff€had€carried€the€burden€ofÏproof.€€The€trial€court's€findings€come€to€us€with€a€presumptionÏof€correctness€unless€the€evidence€preponderates€otherwise.€Ï"Where€the€issue€for€decision€depends€upon€the€determination€ofÏcredibility€of€witnesses,€the€trial€court€is€the€best€judge€ofÏcredibility,€and€its€findings€will€be€given€great€weight."€ÏòòGotwald€v.€Gotwaldóó,€768€S.W.2d€689,697€(Tenn.€App.€1988).€"On€anÏissue€which€hinges€on€witness€credibility,€[the€trial€court]€willÏnot€be€reversed€unless,€other€than€the€oral€testimony€of€theÏwitnesses,€there€is€found€in€the€record€clear,€concrete€and€con…vincing€evidence€to€the€contrary."€òòTennessee€Valley€Kaolin€v.ÏPerryóó,€526€S.W.2d€488,€490€(Tenn.€App.€1974).€€We€defer€to€theÏtrial€court's€determination€of€credibility€and€find€that€theÍevidence€clearly€does€not€preponderate€against€the€trial€court'sÏjudgment.€€Thus€we€find€no€merit€in€the€defendant's€first€issue.ÌÌà àAs€to€the€second€issue,€the€evidence€on€the€question€to€beÏdecided€likewise€depends€upon€the€determination€of€credibility€ofÏwitnesses.€€œThe›€evidence€does€not€preponderate€against€the€judg…ment€of€the€trial€court€on€this€issue.ÌÌà àWe€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€in€all€respects.€ÏCosts€are€taxed€to€the€appellant€and€this€case€is€remanded€to€theÏtrial€court.ÌÌÓÓÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€________________________________Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Don€T.€McMurray,€JudgeÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌHouston€M.€Goddard,€Presiding€JudgeÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌCharles€D.€Susano,€Jr.,€JudgeÌÌÇÑ  ÑÑ7€ì`XXdðXXdð7Ñ€€€à@ àIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALSÌà@ àAT€KNOXVILLEÌÌÌÌÌPIGEON€FORGE€DRUGS,€€€€€€€€€€€€€)à àSEVIER€CIRCUITÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)€€C.€A.€NO.€03A01„9802„CV„00048Ì€€€€€€€€€€Plaintiff„Appellee€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ìvs.€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)à àHON.€RICHARD€R.€VANCEÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)à àJUDGEÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)ÌPAULETTE€MAPLES,€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)à àAFFIRMED€AND€REMANDEDÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€Defendant„Appellant€€€)ÌÌÌà@ àò òòòJUDGMENTóóó óÌÌÌÓÓà àThis€appeal€came€on€to€be€heard€upon€the€record€from€theÏCircuit€Court€of€Sevier€County,€briefs€and€arguments€made€onÏbehalf€of€the€respective€parties.€€Upon€consideration€thereof,Ïthis€Court€is€of€the€opinion€that€there€was€no€reversible€error€inÏthe€trial€court.Ìà àWe€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€in€all€respects.€ÏCosts€are€taxed€to€the€appellant€and€this€case€is€remanded€to€theÏtrial€œcourt.›ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€PER€CURIAMÌœ›