ÿWPC Bd Øú *N• öÈ®Pì \÷ÌÃÅÛvæžEÅ-p„Ú5ù¸µš U7И¸x9C/;:¹çµª‰hÚtQé.©/®ü\á¡sÓ ñ]ù½t UšEºýr$É4k(K¡·ï˜¿ Qøžh,é“,äþ÷#ìŠpmYÏ@’~'k²„´Æ´\LºéGƒ?ïqöÙꪓIþ¼Š£Dt³±órˆ® Ÿøji_Gø3图f1Ì|2çQ¯¡N$¦VäÛñ ÏÛul§í&¬µA^èµ<“£æÜ­\(qBUüÔÏuµ/'>R‹¢FóÇ#L-’¹©*TÀõäÑIÍýø¬r¡FZ¸–kÛ?›º4“[¢•Û.)F7¶Š¡°‡y§§ówŽ©ë'6E—5K¼–u;\8Õfð}ß,òQõ%jöNzPˆ¿”Øj,f2 ËÑ1Ù\ƒÚJ©3˜ØÄ>ù7áNo“1LÍϧ€Ä3ø|FNê+ñhÑzK (ÖPö+áo²>ùlõVju»ž ô=~yµÈZ´âÆ øÚózJ ø*švpvD6_DXŒ^nÛK”’û?%Æm‰¬žÝñ&¨® ¬"ÉN"Ѭým[mƒ¼³Êñ}véfȆb %\^ b 0ˆnUNöwD4H\ zkÒå· m¹ #ÁÐ U N‘ Æß Æ¥ Æk Æ11N÷÷÷Eùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùbûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûûû 0ë Bîî 0¤  D3¯ D-â 0K ASZÆ­ 0¤s 0D A«[ » vn)â (`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman RegularUUb)  3|x ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ˜HP LaserJet 8000 Series PSØÚØÚÚØØÚ0(ÆúI Z‹6Times New Roman RegularLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5- ù-(|G2HR$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€<»»d d 8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôk ò»»Ô d(|3…ã$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€<»»d d 8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV'ÿÿdxd)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3…ã$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€<»»d d 8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€<»»d dÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÔ€ ¼g»» »ÔÑ8€q¬XXdê»»d 8ÑÑ  Ñà@ü ü ìàÔ‡ îVî» ¼gÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@WW$ìàAT€KNOXVILLEÔ#† ¼g»î îV #ԈРÖ& ÐÓ  ÓOCTOBER€6,€2000€SessionÐ üL ÐÔ‡ XF X» ¼gÔÌò òÔ#† ¼g»X XF ô#ÔÔ_ÔRENTENBACHÔ_Ô€CONSTRUCTORS,€INCORPORATEDòòóó€v.€ELI€BENÐ úJ ÐBOWEN,€òòet€alóó.Ô‡ XF X» ¼gÔó óÐ  ^ ÐÌà@@½½ìàò òDirect€Appeal€from€the€Chancery€Court€for€Jefferson€CountyÐ  ^ Ðà@@øøìàNo.€97„039€€€€€€Ô_ÔT.E.Ô_Ô€Ô_ÔForgetyÔ_Ô,€Jr.,€ChancellorÐ ú J ÐÌFILED€NOVEMBER€13,€2000Ð Ò"  Ðà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<½` AßÐ ¾  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€E2000„1213„Ô_ÔCOAÔ_Ô„R3„CVÐ ¹  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<` AßÐ ‘á  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓThis€appeal€from€the€Jefferson€County€Chancery€Court€concerns€whether€the€Chancery€Court€erredÐ ŒÜ Ðin€determining€that€Appellant,€Ô_ÔRentenbachÔ_Ô€Constructors,€Incorporated€is€obligated€to€indemnifyÐ xÈ ÐAppellees,€Mathews€Corporation€and€Ball€Corporation€under€the€terms€of€a€construction€contractÐ d´ Ðentered€into€between€Ô_ÔRentenbachÔ_Ô€and€Ball.€€We€reverse€the€decision€of€the€Chancery€Court€€in€this€Ð P  Ðrespect€and€remand€for€further€proceedings,€if€any,€consistent€with€this€opinion.€€We€adjudge€costsÐ <Œ Ðof€the€appeal€against€the€Appellees,€Ball€Corporation€and€Mathews€Ô_ÔCorporation.Ô_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÐ (x ÐÓ8ÓÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Chancery€Court€Reversed€in€Part;Ð P ÐCause€Remandedó óÐ ì< ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#† ¼g»à XF ¸#ÔÔ‡ XF X. ¼gÔHouston€M.€Ô_ÔGoddardÔ_Ô,€Ô_ÔP.J.Ô_Ôóó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòCharles€D.€Susano,Ð Ä ÐJr.,óóand€òòD.€Michael€Ô_ÔSwineyÔ_Ô,€JJ.,óó€joined.Ð ° ÐÌReggie€D.€Keaton,€Knoxville,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellant,€Ô_ÔRentenbachÔ_Ô€Constructor,€Incorporated.Ð ˆØ ÐÌJohanna€J.€Ô_ÔMcGlothlinÔ_Ô,€Knoxville,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellee,€Ball€Corporation.€Ð `!°  ÐÌJohn€W.€Wheeler,€Knoxville,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellee,€Mathews€Corporation.Ð 8#ˆ" ÐÓ ÓÌò òOPINIONó óÔ#† ¼g»X XF H #ÔÔ‡ XF X» ¼gÔÐ %` $ ÐÌòòóóÔ#† ¼g»X XF A #ÔÓ  ÓÔ€ XF X» ¼gÔà  àThis€is€an€appeal€from€a€declaratory€judgment€of€the€Chancery€Court€of€Jefferson€County.Ð è&8"& ÐPlaintiff/Appellant,€Ô_ÔRentenbachÔ_Ô€Constructors,€Incorporated€contests€the€Chancellor's€ruling€thatÐ Ô'$#' ÐÔ_ÔRentenbachÔ_Ô€is€contractually€obligated€to€indemnify€Defendants/Appellees€Mathews€Corporation€andÐ À($( ÐBall€Corporation€for€defense€of€personal€injury€lawsuits€filed€against€them€and€to€indemnifyÐ ¬)ü$) ÐMathews€for€any€judgment€rendered€against€Mathews€in€those€lawsuits.Ð ˜*è%* Ðâ âÐ „+Ô&+ý ÐÔ_Ô€€€€€Rentenbach,€as€general€contractor,€entered€into€a€contract€to€construct€a€warehouse€for€Ball.Ð ° ÐUnder€a€separate€agreement€between€Ball€and€Mathews,€Mathews€consented€to€provide€constructionÐ œì Ðmanagement€services€in€the€warehouse€construction€project.Ð ˆØ Ðâ âÌ€€€€€€€At€Section€14.1€of€the€contract€between€Ball€and€Rentenbach€the€following€indemnityÐ `° Ðprovision€is€set€forth:Ð L œ ÐÌÒ€°ÒÒ€°Ò14.1€Except€only€such€injury€or€damage€as€shall€have€been€occasioned€by€soleÐ $ t Ðgross€negligence€of€the€Owner,€the€Contractor€shall€be€responsible€for€andÐ  ` Ðindemnify€and€save€and€hold€harmless€the€Owner,€its€agents,€ConstructionÐ ü L  ÐManager,€and€employees,€from€and€against€any€and€all€claims,€liens,€causes€ofÐ è 8  Ðaction,€damage,€losses,€expenses€(including€attorneys'€fees),€and€liability€forÐ Ô$  Ðinjury,€sickness,€disease€or€death€to€any€person€or€persons,€whether€of€notÐ À  Ðemployed€by€or€agent€of€the€Owner,€Contractor,€sub„contractor€or€any€third€party,Ð ¬ü  Ðor€for€damage€to€or€destruction€of€any€property,€tangible€or€otherwise,€includingÐ ˜è  Ðthe€loss€of€use€resulting€therefrom,€or€for€payments€and€expenses€of€any€expensesÐ „Ô  Ðof€any€nature€caused€or€alleged€to€have€been€caused€by€the€Owner,€Contractor,€orÐ pÀ Ðsubcontractors,€their€agents€or€employees,€in€connection€with€Work€to€beÐ \¬ Ðperformed€herein€or€incidental€to€extension€of€Work€to€be€performed€herein€by€theÐ H˜ ÐContractor,€its€agents€or€employees,€or€any€of€its€sub„contractors,€their€agents€orÐ 4„ Ðemployees,€and€without€regard€to€whether€any€ladders,€scaffolds,€or€otherÐ  p Ðequipment€or€property€belonging€€to€the€Owner€are€used€in€connection€with€suchÐ  \ ÐWork.€€In€any€and€all€claims€against€the€Owner€or€any€of€its€agents€or€employeesÐ øH Ðby€any€employee€of€the€Contractor,€any€sub„contractor,€anyone€directly€orÐ ä4 Ðindirectly€employed€by€any€of€them€or€anyone€for€whose€acts€any€of€them€may€beÐ Ð  Ðliable,€the€indemnification€obligation€of€this€paragraph€shall€not€be€limited€in€anyÐ ¼  Ðway€by€any€limitation€on€the€amount€or€type€of€damages,€compensation€or€benefitsÐ ¨ø Ðpayable€by€or€for€the€Contractor€or€any€sub„contractor€under€workmenððsÐ ”ä Ðcompensation€acts,€disability€benefit€acts€or€other€employee€benefit€acts.€€€€€€€€€€€Ð €Ð Ðà Ø àà 0 àÌÒ°€ÒÒ°€ÒÌ€€€€€An€additional€indemnity€provision€at€Section€3.18.1€of€the€General€Conditions€of€the€contractÐ D!” Ðstates:Ð 0"€  ÐÌÒ€°ÒÒ€°Ò3.18.1€To€the€fullest€extent€permitted€by€law,€the€Contractor€shall€indemnify€andÐ $X" Ðhold€harmless€the€Owner€&€Construction€Manager,€Construction€ManagerððsÐ ô$D # Ðconsultants,€and€agents€and€employees€of€any€of€them€from€and€against€claims,Ð à%0!$ Ðdamages,€losses€and€expenses,€including€but€not€limited€to€attorneys'€fees,€arisingÐ Ì&"% Ðout€of€or€resulting€from€performance€of€the€Work,€provided€that€such€claim,Ð ¸'#& Ðdamage,€loss€or€expense€is€attributable€to€bodily€injury,€sickness,€disease€or€death,Ð ¤(ô#' Ðor€to€injury€to€or€destruction€of€tangible€property€(other€than€the€Work€itself)Ð )à$( Ðincluding€loss€of€use€resulting€therefrom€,€but€only€to€the€extent€caused€in€wholeÐ |*Ì%) Ðor€in€part€by€the€negligent€acts€or€omissions€of€the€Contractor,€a€Subcontractor,Ð h+¸&* Ðanyone€directly€or€indirectly€employed€by€them€or€anyone€for€whose€acts€they€mayÐ ° Ðbe€liable,€regardless€of€whether€or€not€such€claim,€damage,€loss€or€expense€isÐ œì Ðcaused€in€part€by€a€party€indemnified€hereunder.€€Such€obligation€shall€not€beÐ ˆØ Ðconstrued€to€negate,€abridge€or€reduce€other€rights€or€obligations€of€indemnityÐ tÄ Ðwhich€would€€otherwise€exist€as€to€a€party€or€persons€described€in€this€ParagraphÐ `° Ð3.18.Ð L œ ÐÌÌÒ°€ÒÒ°€Ò€€€€€In€the€course€of€construction,€on€January€20,€1996€the€warehouse€collapsed,€injuring€sevenÐ  ` Ðemployees€of€one€of€Rentenbach's€subcontractors.€€These€employees€then€filed€personal€injuryÐ ü L  Ðlawsuits€in€the€Jefferson€County€Circuit€Court€against€Rentenbach,€Ball,€Mathews€and€others.€€BallÐ è 8  Ðwas,€thereafter,€voluntarily€dismissed€from€the€Circuit€Court€lawsuits.Ð Ô$  ÐÌ€€€€€On€April€11,€1997€Rentenbach€filed€a€complaint€for€declaratory€judgment€in€the€Chancery€CourtÐ ¬ü  Ðfor€Jefferson€County.€€In€it's€complaint€Rentenbach€sought€a€judgment€declaring€the€indemnityÐ ˜è  Ðprovision€at€Section€14.1€of€the€contract€€to€be€void€and€unenforceable€under€T.C.A.€62„6„123€andÐ „Ô  Ðrelieving€Rentenbach€of€any€legal€dutyòòóó€to€indemnify€Ball€and€Mathews€for€losses€sustained€by€themÐ pÀ Ðas€a€consequence€of€the€Circuit€Court€lawsuits.Ð \¬ ÐÌ€€€€€By€judgment€entered€October€11,€1999€the€Chancellor€decreed€that,€to€the€extent€of€the€contractÐ 4„ Ðinsurance€limits,€the€indemnity€provision€at€Section€14.1€of€the€contract€was€not€void€under€T.C.A.Ð  p Ð62„6„123,€that€Rentenbach€owed€Mathews€indemnification€for€defense€of€the€Circuit€Court€actionsÐ  \ Ðand€that€Rentenbach€owed€Mathews€indemnification€for€any€judgment€rendered€within€the€purviewÐ øH Ðof€section€14.1.€€The€Chancellor€further€decreed€that€3.18.1€of€the€General€Conditions€of€the€contractÐ ä4 Ðwas€in€conflict€with€Section€14.1€and€was,€therefore,€invalid.Ð Ð  ÐÌ€€€€€The€following€issues,€which€we€restate,€are€presented€for€appeal:Ð ¨ø ÐÌ€€€€€I.€Whether€the€indemnity€provision€at€Section€14.1€of€the€contract€is€void€and€unenforceableÐ €Ð Ðunder€T.C.A.€62„6„123.Ð l¼ ÐÌ€€€€€II.€Whether€the€indemnity€provision€at€Section€14.1€of€the€contract,€though€void€andÐ D!” Ðunenforceable€under€T.C.A.€62„6„123,€is€validated€by€insurance€requirements€under€the€contract.Ð 0"€  ÐÌ€€€€€III.€Whether€the€indemnity€provision€at€Section€3.18.1€of€the€General€Conditions€of€the€contractÐ $X" Ðis€valid€and€enforceable€even€though€Section€14.1€is€void€and€unenforceable.Ð ô$D # ÐÌ€€€€€As€mandated€by€Rule€13(d)€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€Appellate€Procedure,€our€standard€ofÐ Ì&"% Ðreview€in€this€non„jury€case€is€de€novo€upon€the€Trial€Court€record€with€a€presumption€of€correctnessÐ ¸'#& Ðas€to€findings€of€fact€by€the€Trial€Court.€€There€is€no€such€presumption€as€to€findings€of€law.€Ð ¤(ô#' ÐòòCampbell€v.€Florida€Steel€Corporation,óó€919€S.W.2d€26,€€(Tenn.€1996).€€The€case€sub€judice€involvesÐ )à$( Ðquestions€of€contract€interpretation€which€are€questions€of€law.Ð |*Ì%) ÐÐ h+¸&* Ѐ€€€€Tennessee's€anti„indemnification€statute€which€applies€to€construction€contracts€is€set€forth€atÐ ° ÐT.C.A.€62„6„123€and€states:Ð œì ÐÌÒ€°ÒÒ€°ÒA€covenant,€promise,€agreement€or€understanding€in€or€in€connection€with€orÐ tÄ Ðcollateral€to€a€contract€or€agreement€relative€to€the€construction,€alteration,€repairÐ `° Ðor€maintenance€of€a€building,€structure,€appurtenance€and€appliance,€includingÐ L œ Ðmoving,€demolition€and€excavating€connected€therewith,€purporting€to€indemnifyÐ 8 ˆ Ðor€hold€harmless€the€promisee€against€liability€for€damages€arising€out€of€bodilyÐ $ t Ðinjury€to€persons€or€damage€to€property€caused€by€or€resulting€from€the€soleÐ  ` Ðnegligence€of€the€promisee,€the€promisee's€agents€or€employees,€€or€indemnitee,€Ð ü L  Ðis€against€public€policy€and€is€void€and€unenforceable.Ð è 8  ÐÌÒ°€ÒÒ°€Ò€€€€€We€construe€the€indemnity€provision€at€Section€14.1€under€the€doctrine€òòinclusio€unius€est€exclusioÐ À  Ðalteriusóó.€€Section€14.1€indemnifies€Ball,€promisee€and€'Owner'€under€the€contract,€for€losses€'exceptÐ ¬ü  Ðonly€such€injury€or€damage€as€shall€have€been€occasioned€by€sole€gross€negligence€of€the€Owner'.€Ð ˜è  ÐThe€specific€designation€of€€'sole€gross€negligence'€as€the€only€exception€to€indemnification€of€theÐ „Ô  Ðpromisee€Ball€leads€us€to€the€necessary€conclusion€that€sole€simple€negligence€is€not€so€excepted€andÐ pÀ Ðthat€Section€14.1,€therefore,€€expresses€a€clear€intent€to€indemnify€for€loss€occasioned€by€Ball's€soleÐ \¬ Ðsimple€negligence.€€An€indemnity€provision€in€a€construction€contract€which€purports€to€indemnifyÐ H˜ Ða€promisee€for€the€sole€negligence€of€the€promissee€is€void€and€unenforceable€under€T.C.A.€62„6„Ð 4„ Ð123.€€òòPosey€v.€Union€Carbide€Corp.,óó€507€F.Supp.€39€(M.D.€Tenn.€1980).€€Accordingly€,€we€find€theÐ  p Ðindemnity€provision€at€Section€14.1€to€be€void€and€unenforceable.Ð  \ ÐÌ€€€€€We€are€not€persuaded€by€Mathews'€argument€that,€even€if€Section€14.1€is€void€and€unenforceableÐ ä4 Ðas€to€Ball,€it€is€enforceable€as€to€Mathews.€€As€decreed€in€the€Chancellor's€judgment,€Mathews€is€aÐ Ð  Ðthird€party€beneficiary€of€the€contract€between€Ball€and€Rentenbach.€€As€a€third€party€beneficiary,Ð ¼  ÐMathews€rights€under€Section€14.1€do€not€exceed€the€rights€of€Ball.€€A€third€party€beneficiary's€rightsÐ ¨ø Ðunder€a€contract€are€derived€from€and€measured€by€the€underlying€contract€between€the€originalÐ ”ä Ðpromisor€and€promisee.€òòMichael€J.€Linehan€v.€Allstate€Insurance€Company,óó€1994€WL€164113€(Tenn.Ð €Ð ÐCt.€App.).€€Section€14.1€is€void€and€unenforceable€as€between€Ball€and€Rentenbach;€therefore,€it€isÐ l¼ Ðalso€void€and€unenforceable€as€to€Mathews.Ð X ¨ ÐÌ€€€€€Ball€requests€that€we€rewrite€Section€14.1€to€make€it€valid€and€enforceable€under€T.C.A.€62„6„123Ð 0"€  Ðby€striking€the€word€€'gross'.€€This€we€decline€to€do.€Ball€drafted€Section€14.1€and€had€theÐ #l! Ðopportunity€to€draft€it€in€compliance€with€the€statute.€€A€contract€must€be€enforced€as€written€evenÐ $X" Ðthough€it€€contains€terms€which€might€be€found€to€be€harsh€and€unjust.€òòFrank€Rudy€Heirs€AssociatesÐ ô$D # Ðv.€Sholodge,€Inc.óó€967€S.W.2d€810€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.1987).Ð à%0!$ ÐÌ€€€€€Alternatively,€Ball€suggests€that€we€create€a€judicial€exception€to€the€effect€that€T.C.A.€62„2„123Ð ¸'#& Ðwill€not€void€an€indemnity€provision€where€there€are€no€allegations€of€sole€negligence€against€theÐ ¤(ô#' Ðparty€seeking€indemnification€and€where€that€party€has€been€voluntarily€dismissed€from€the€lawsuitÐ )à$( Ðfor€which€it€seeks€defense€cost€indemnification.€€Case€law€in€Tennessee€provides€that€it€is€improperÐ |*Ì%) Ðfor€the€courts€to€alter€or€amend€a€statute.€òòGleaves€V.€Checker€Cab€Transit€Corproation,Inc.óó,15€S.W.Ð h+¸&* Ð3d€799.€€If€there€are€to€be€any€exceptions€to€T.C.A.€62„6„123€those€exceptions€will€have€to€be€createdÐ ° Ðby€the€legislature,€not€by€the€courts.Ð œì ÐÌ€€€€€Our€review€of€the€Trial€Court€record€in€this€case€persuades€us€that€the€Chancellor€found€anÐ tÄ Ðoverriding€intent€to€indemnify€Ball€and€Mathews€by€reason€of€the€fact€that€the€contract€requiresÐ `° ÐRentenbach€to€carry€liability€insurance€endorsed€to€cover€any€indemnity€agreements€in€the€contract.€Ð L œ ÐThe€Chancellor€determined€that€T.C.A.€62„6„123€was€not€intended€to€invalidate€an€agreement€toÐ 8 ˆ Ðobtain€insurance€to€€indemnify€and€concluded€that,€to€the€extent€of€the€insurance€limits€set€forth€inÐ $ t Ðthe€contract,€the€indemnity€provision€at€Section€14.1€is€valid€and€enforceable.€€In€essence,€theÐ  ` ÐChancellor€found€that€the€insurance€requirements€of€the€contract€validate€what€would€have,Ð ü L  Ðotherwise,€been€a€void€and€unenforceable€provision.€€We€respectfully€disagree.Ð è 8  ÐÌ€€€€€The€insurance€coverage€which€Rentenbach€is€required€to€maintain€under€the€contract€does€notÐ À  Ðextend€beyond€Rentenbach's€own€liability.€€Since€the€indemnity€provision€at€Section€14.1€is€primarilyÐ ¬ü  Ðvoid€and€unenforceable€under€T.C.A.€62„6„123,€Rentenbach€is€not€liable€for€indemnification€and€theÐ ˜è  Ðinsurance€does€not€come€into€play.€€We€find€that€Rentenbach'€duty€to€carry€liability€insurance€has€noÐ „Ô  Ðbearing€on€the€validity€and€enforceability€of€€Section€14.1.Ð pÀ ÐÌ€€€€€Finally,€Mathews€and€Ball€contend€that,€even€if€the€indemnity€provision€at€Section€14.1€is€voidÐ H˜ Ðand€unenforceable,€Rentenbach€still€has€an€obligation€to€indemnify€them€under€Section€3.18.1€of€theÐ 4„ ÐGeneral€Conditions€of€the€contract.Ð  p ÐÌ€€€€€The€indemnity€provision€at€Section€14.1€is€contained€within€the€signed€agreement€between€BallÐ øH Ðand€Rentenbach.€€Section€3.18.1€is€part€of€the€General€Conditions€contained€within€theÐ ä4 ÐSpecifications€for€the€construction€project.€€Pursuant€to€Section€1.1.1€of€the€General€Conditions,€theÐ Ð  ÐContract€Document€which€makes€up€the€construction€contract€in€this€case€includes€the€SpecificationsÐ ¼  Ðand€the€agreement€signed€by€Ball€and€Rentenbach.€€The€following€statement€is€set€forth€on€a€pageÐ ¨ø Ðof€the€Specifications:Ð ”ä ÐÌÒ€°ÒÒ€°ÒThe€form€of€agreement€between€contractor€and€Owner€shall€take€precedence€overÐ l¼ Ðany€other€terms€and€conditions€of€these€specifications.Ð X ¨ ÐÌÒ°€ÒÒ°€Ò€€€€€As€stated,€the€indemnity€provision€at€Section€14.1€provides€that€Ball€will€be€indemnified€for€Ball'sÐ 0"€  Ðsole€negligence.€€The€indemnity€provision€at€Section€3.18.1€provides€that€Ball€not€be€indemnifiedÐ #l! Ðfor€Ball's€sole€negligence€,€but€will€only€be€indemnified€to€the€extent€that€the€loss€secured€against€isÐ $X" Ðcaused€'€in€whole€or€in€part€by€negligent€acts€or€omissions€of€the€Contractor,€a€Subcontractor,€[or]Ð ô$D # Ðanyone€directly€or€indirectly€employed€by€them€or€anyone€for€whose€acts€they€may€be€liable...'Ð à%0!$ ÐÌ€€€€€Ball€cannot€be€allowed€indemnification€for€it's€sole€negligence€and,€at€the€same€time€be€deniedÐ ¸'#& Ðindemnification€for€it's€sole€negligence.€€Accordingly,€we€agree€with€the€Chancellor's€holding€thatÐ ¤(ô#' ÐSection€3.18.1€is€in€conflict€with€Section€14.1€and€Section€3.18.1€is,€therefore,€invalidated,€SectionÐ )à$( Ð14.1€taking€precedence€under€the€contract.Ð |*Ì%) ÐÐ h+¸&* Ѐ€€€€For€the€foregoing€reasons,€€we€reverse€the€judgment€of€the€Chancellor€with€respect€to€the€validityÐ ° Ðand€enforceability€of€€the€indemnity€provision€at€Section€14.1€of€the€contract€between€Ball€andÐ œì ÐRentenbach.€€We€further€reverse€the€Chancellor's€judgment€with€respect€to€Rentenbach's€obligationÐ ˆØ Ðto€indemnify€Mathews€and€Ball€for€their€defense€of€the€Circuit€Court€lawsuits€filed€against€them€andÐ tÄ Ðwith€respect€to€Rentenbach's€obligation€to€indemnify€Mathews€for€any€judgment€rendered€in€thoseÐ `° Ðlawsuits.€€We€remand€for€such€further€proceedings,€if€any,€as€may€be€necessary€consistent€with€thisÐ L œ Ðopinion€and€collection€of€costs€below.€€We€adjudge€costs€of€appeal€against€Appellees,€MathewsÐ 8 ˆ ÐCorporation€and€Ball€Corporation.Ð $ t ÐÌÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€_________________________________________€Ð Ô$  Ѐ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€HOUSTON€M.€GODDARD,€PRESIDING€JUDGE