ÿWPC[ ¢u›ósw®˜ýa‡™„tšyw¬˜qïˆ ¹òf˜Ñ^ì§ßc=çrƒÏÿ²°’>]–ôæªÓAÓ¦Ê|ºÏå!kݶÔðƒ‡ã’X€ìÙy\þh BÀÇŠÁþ.ÙÆ‚8I“Îtl%<1ºf”ÙoÃ#3†“šúL/cÁF|à{Ø× ¼ W|‰rÙHB‘±µ -MÂùÐÄ0c)IP¾?î7ÙqTëÂk#keÀÇ ¾ d?r­d±›É½\麲zT±Óxr(6nÏÛÜ›}ÿŠ \ò4H”ÚÄ@šL¼jA‡Ð£ŽìÎÈ·ÆÒ*Ú×#AÄlÖßÍOV'‘‘O• £¦€¦~VYv6½º¢¥òbö„ÆðÎj ûû š+ÉèWV÷=…Úò${¬ýgÀ™o0]?·}îÓB) jQªÇç û—Ô-©´÷‡ÓÊóÍ„¦_ !f5á0’ÛzÛß$ˆë!ùó¶: ©œ"úá-™m±¢o‡L³!AËEd¿B}JÜ>^Í ?$í‹)ì$G&²b S7¦CËuM6A¯Øk=–¢)ñä r4ú?å–ˆ}¥èµ¸2¥c!NrñÛÕ³Ç\q#âЕ:œ(Ïb#É\ %% ^ + 0ˆ7 UN¿ w 4 z% ÒŸ q € m‚ O™ ÆèÆ®ÆtÆ: 0DNDFFENNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNbPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP 0ëXXXX BCC 0¤` D3 D-7 0Kdd AS¯Æ 0¤È 0Dl A«°˜\\IB01S01\CLERK1NASÈÈ,,,,ÈÈ0» ™/Ï (`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman Regularqdj/B011C8 ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt3|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ EÝ ƒR`0$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôìò»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ô€€Tennessee€Rule€of€Appellate€Procedure€13(b)€provides:€Ð ° Ðà8  àConsideration€of€Issues€Not€Presented€for€Review.€€ð!ð€€Review€generally€will€extend€only€to€thoseÐ tÄ Ðissues€presented€for€review.€€The€appellate€court€shall€also€consider€whether€the€trial€and€appellateÐ 8ˆ Ðcourt€have€jurisdiction€over€the€subject€matter,€whether€or€not€presented€for€review,€and€may€in€itsÐ üL Ðdiscretion€consider€other€issues€in€order,€among€other€reasons:€€(1)€to€prevent€needless€litigation,€(2)Ð À Ðto€prevent€injury€to€the€interests€of€the€public,€and€(3)€to€prevent€prejudice€to€the€judicial€process.ЄÔÐ Ð  ÐLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó - ù-(|G2`0$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€O-»»dXXdì8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôìò»»Ô d(|3ÉR$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€O-»»dXXdì8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV'ÿÿdxd)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3ÉR$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€O-»»dXXdì8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€O-»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÔ€¼O-»»»ÔÑ8€ÝXXdì»»d8ÑÑ  Ñà@ü ü ìàÔ‡î_8O-ÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@kk$ìàAT€NASHVILLEÔ#†¼O-»îî_8#ԈРÖ& ÐÓ  Ó€Assigned€on€Briefs€November€7,€2003Ð üL ÐÔ‡XÝX»¼O-ÔÌò òÔ#†¼O-»XXÝ#ÔSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,€òòet€al.óó€v.€Ô_ÔSHANNAÔ_Ô€HALL,€òòet€alóó.Ô‡XÝX»¼O-Ôó óÐ úJ ÐÌà@@½½ìàò ò€Appeal€from€the€Juvenile€Court€for€Dickson€CountyÐ ú J Ðà@@øøìàNo.€03„03„026„CC€€€€€€A.€Andrew€Jackson,€JudgeÐ æ 6 ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<©` AßÐ ªú  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€M2003„01328„COA„R9„JV€„€Filed€December€16,€2003ó óÔ#†¼O-»XXÝ´#ÔÔ‡XÝX»¼O-Ôò ò€Ð ¥õ  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<|` AßÐ }Í  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓAppellants€challenge€the€refusal€of€the€trial€judge€to€recuse€himself€in€a€contempt€proceeding.€€TheÐ xÈ  Ðcase€is€before€this€Court€on€a€Tennessee€Rule€of€Appellate€Procedure€rule€9€application,€and€uponÐ d´ Ðconsideration,€we€find€no€basis€for€the€contempt€citation€and€remand€the€case€to€the€trial€court€withÐ P  Ðinstructions€to€dismiss€the€contempt€citation.Ð <Œ ÐÓÓÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€9€Interlocutory€Appeal;€Judgment€of€the€Juvenile€Ð d ÐAffirmed€and€Remanded€ó óÐ P ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼O-»àXÝs#ÔÔ‡XÝX.¼O-ÔWilliam€B.€Cain,óó€J.,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€PòòATRICIAóó€J.€CòòOTTRELLóó,òòóó€and€òòóóFòòRANKóóÐ Ø( ÐG.€CòòLEMENTóó,€JòòRóó.,€JJ.,€joined.Ð Ä ÐÌSteve€D.€Gibson,€Lebanon,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellants,€Ô_ÔShannaÔ_Ô€Hall€and€Christopher€Hall.Ð œì ÐÌJohn€Reese€Ô_ÔHolleyÔ_Ô,€Dickson,€Tennessee,€Guardian€Ad€Litem,Ô#†¼O-»XXÝŠ#ÔÔ‡XÝX»¼O-Ô€Pro€Se.Ð tÄ ÐÌCraig€Ô_ÔHargrowÔ_Ô,€Clarksville,€Tennessee;€Douglas€Earl€Ô_ÔDimondÔ_Ô,€Nashville,€Tennessee,€for€theÐ L œ Ðappellees,€State€of€Tennessee,€Department€of€Childrenððs€Services.Ð 8!ˆ  ÐÌÓ[Óò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼O-»XXÝ‹ #ÔÔ‡XÝX»¼O-ÔÐ #`" ÐÌòòóóÔ#†¼O-»XXÝ #ÔÓ  ÓÔ€XÝX»¼O-Ôà  àAppellants,€Christopher€and€Ô_ÔShannaÔ_Ô€Hall,€are€the€parents€of€Ô_ÔK.H.Ô_Ô,€age€1,€and€Ô_ÔShannaÔ_Ô€Hall€isÐ è$8 $ Ðthe€mother€of€M.P.,€age€3.€€These€four€persons€resided€together€at€1401€Highway€96,€Burns,Ð Ô%$!% ÐTennessee€€37029.€€Ð À&"& ÐÌà  àOn€March€20,€2003,€DCS€received€a€referral€stating€that€the€child,€Ô_ÔK.H.Ô_Ô,€had€been€taken€toÐ ˜(è#( Ða€hospital€for€a€weight€gain€check€and€that€swelling€had€been€discovered€in€her€lower€left€extremity.€Ð „)Ô$) ЀDCS€advised€her€parents€to€take€the€child€to€Vanderbilt€Hospital€for€treatment€of€a€possible€legÐ p*À%* Ðfracture.€€When€the€parents€did€not€go€immediately€to€Vanderbilt,€representatives€of€DCS€went€toÐ \+¬&+ Ðthe€home€of€the€parties€on€the€afternoon€of€March€20,€2003,€spoke€to€the€mother€and€saw€the€childððsÐ H,˜', Ðleg.€€The€mother€signed€a€safety€plan€providing€that€she€and€her€husband€would€take€the€child€toÐ 4-„(-ýV ÐÔ_ÔVanderbilt€for€x„rays.€€Upon€checking€with€Vanderbilt€Hospital€at€6:15€p.m.€that€same€afternoon,Ð ° ÐDCS€representative€Shonda€Heflin€found€that€the€child€had€not€arrived.€€Thereupon,€Kim€Moore€ofÐ œì ÐDCS€contacted€the€mother€instructing€her€that,€if€the€child€was€not€at€the€emergency€room€within€theÐ ˆØ Ðhour,€DCS€would€take€custody€of€the€child.€€The€family€arrived€at€the€hospital€about€7:30€p.m.€andÐ tÄ Ðx„rays€showed€a€fracture€of€the€childððs€leg€as€well€as€several€past€fractures.€€The€doctor€refused€toÐ `° Ðrelease€the€child€to€the€parents,€and€DCS€went€to€the€hospital€and€spoke€again€to€the€parents€seekingÐ L œ Ða€place€for€the€children€to€go€for€the€evening.€€The€parents€agreed€to€let€the€children€go€to€theÐ 8 ˆ Ðpaternal€grandmother.€€Ð $ t ÐÌà  àWhen€attempts€were€made€to€contact€the€children€at€the€grandparentsðð€home€on€March€21,Ð ü L  Ð2003,€no€one€was€home.€€Again,€on€March€24,€2003,€DCS€representatives€made€attempts€to€locateÐ è 8  Ðthe€family€and€were€unsuccessful.€€When€paternal€grandparents€were€finally€located,€they€reportedÐ Ô$  Ðthat€Chris€Hall€had€taken€the€children€to€the€home€of€the€maternal€grandparents.€€The€maternalÐ À  Ðgrandparents€were€located€in€Lebanon.€€DCS€and€law€enforcement€officers€arrived€later€on€theÐ ¬ü  Ðevening€of€March€24€at€the€home€of€the€maternal€grandparents€to€take€custody€of€the€children,€butÐ ˜è  Ðthe€parents,€with€their€attorney€present,€refused€to€allow€the€children€to€leave€with€DCS€andÐ „Ô  Ðinstructed€DCS€and€law€enforcement€officials€to€leave€the€property.€€DCS€and€law€enforcementÐ pÀ Ðcomplied€with€this€instruction,€left€the€property€without€the€children€and,€on€March€25,€2003,€filedÐ \¬ Ða€Petition€for€Temporary€Custody€and€Emergency€Removal€in€the€Juvenile€Court€at€Dickson€County€Ð H˜ ÐThe€Juvenile€Court€of€Dickson€County,€on€that€same€date,€issued€a€Protective€Custody€Order€recitingÐ 4„ Ðthe€above€facts,€ordering€the€two€children€to€be€taken€into€protective€custody€by€the€Department€ofÐ  p ÐChildrenððs€Services,€and€setting€a€preliminary€hearing€at€1:00€p.m.€March€26,€2003.Ð  \ ÐÌà  àThe€preliminary€hearing€was€held€on€March€26€and€27,€2003,€and€an€Interim€Order€wasÐ ä4 Ðthereafter€entered,€finding€in€pertinent€part:Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  à[T]hat€there€is€probable€cause€to€believe€that€the€children€are€dependent€andÐ ¨ø Ðneglected€due€to€the€severe€physical€abuse€by€the€mother€against€the€child,€[K.H.],Ð ”ä Ðas€well€as€the€fatherððs€exposure€of€the€child€to€such€risk€and€further,€the€Court€findsÐ €Ð Ðthat€there€are€reasonable€grounds€to€believe€that€the€sibling,€[M.P.],€is€at€serious€riskÐ l¼ Ðof€abuse€by€the€parents€due€to€the€injuries€to€[K];€that€removal€was€the€least€drasticÐ X ¨ Ðalternative€available;€that€this€is€an€appropriate€case€for€the€issuance€of€anÐ D!” Ðinterlocutory€order€placing€said€children€in€the€temporary€care€and€custody€of€theÐ 0"€  ÐState€of€Tennessee,€Department€of€Childrenððs€Service,€pending€the€final€hearing€orÐ #l! Ðother€order€of€the€Court;€that€it€is€contrary€to€the€childrenððs€welfare€to€remain€in€theÐ $X" Ðcare,€custody,€or€control€of€the€parents;€.€.€.€.Ðô$D #Ð Ð  ÐÌThe€Order,€thereafter,€provided€that€the€children€will€be€placed€in€the€temporary€custody€of€theÐ Ì&"% ÐDepartment€of€Childrenððs€Services.€€The€Order€also€provided:€€ð ð5.€€That€the€Court€shall€hold€aÐ ¸'#& Ðcontempt€hearing€on€April€16,€2003€in€order€to€determine€if€the€parents€violated€the€Courtððs€orderÐ ¤(ô#' Ðto€remove€the€children€when€the€Department€first€attempted€to€take€the€children€into€custody.ðð€€ThisÐ )à$( ÐInterim€Order€was€entered€April€2,€2003.Ð |*Ì%) ÐÐ h+¸&* Ðà  àOn€April€9,€2003,€Christopher€and€Shanna€Hall€filed€a€Motion€requesting€the€trial€judge€toÐ ° Ðrecuse€himself€from€hearing€the€contempt€citation€asserting€in€part:Ð œì ÐÌà8  àà ` à3.€€Here,€the€Tennessee€Department€of€Childrenððs€Services€ð ðPetition€forÐ tÄ ÐTemporary€Custody€and€Emergency€Removal,ðð€filed€March€25,€2003,€states€inÐ `° Ðpertinent€part€regarding€events€alleged€to€have€occurred€the€previous€evening€ofÐ L œ ÐMarch€24,€2003:€€ð ðWhen€DCS€and€law€enforcement€arrived€later€that€evening€to€takeÐ 8 ˆ Ðcustody€of€the€children,€the€parentsðð€attorney€was€present€and€refused€to€allow€theÐ $ t Ðchildren€to€leave€with€DCS€and€told€DCS€and€law€enforcement€to€leave€the€home€andÐ  ` Ðproperty.€€The€parents€are€noncompliant€with€DCS€as€well€as€the€maternal€andÐ ü L  Ðpaternal€grandparents.ðð€€(Section€I,€p.€3).€Ðè 8 Ð Ð  Ðà8  àà ` à4.€€On€March€26,€2003,€at€the€courtððs€initial€hearing€following€the€removal€ofÐ Ô$  Ðthe€children,€Judge€Andrew€Jackson€stated€and€testified€from€the€bench€in€rebuttalÐ À  Ðto€defense€testimony€that€the€DCS€workers€in€question€did€not€produce€a€writtenÐ ¬ü  Ðcourt€order€when€they€first€appeared€to€take€custody€of€the€children.€€Namely,€JudgeÐ ˜è  ÐJackson€recounted€the€oral€communications€that€had€occurred€back€and€forth€betweenÐ „Ô  Ðhimself€and€the€social€workers€and€testified€that€he€had€given€them€oral€authorizationÐ pÀ Ðto€remove€the€children€and€orally€ordered€them€to€appear€at€the€home€as€his€agents.Ð\¬Ð Ð  ÐÌà  àThe€Motion€to€Recuse€was€heard€on€May€7,€2003€resulting€in€the€entry€of€an€Order€on€MayÐ 4„ Ð16,€2003€providing:Ð  p ÐÌà8  àà ` àThis€cause€came€on€to€be€heard€on€May€7,€2003,€on€the€Defendantsðð€ð ðMotionÐ øH Ðto€Recuse.ðð€€Present€were€the€Defendant€parents€Christopher€Hall€and€Shanna€HallÐ ä4 Ðand€their€attorney€Steve€D.€Gibson,€as€well€as€attorney€Craig€Hargrove€representingÐ Ð  Ðthe€Tennessee€Department€of€Childrenððs€Services.€€Based€on€the€pleadings,€theÐ ¼  Ðarguments€of€counsel,€and€the€entire€record€in€this€cause,€the€court€finds€that€theÐ ¨ø ÐDefendant€parentsðð€ð ðMotion€to€Recuseðð€is€not€well„taken€and€should€therefore€beÐ ”ä Ðdenied.€€The€court€further€finds€that€its€oral€command€for€DCS€social€workers€toÐ €Ð Ðremove€the€subject€children€on€March€24,€2003,€was€authorized€pursuant€to€T.C.A.Ð l¼ Ð37„1„113(3)€and€37„1„114(a)(2).€€The€court€further€finds€that€its€order€was€effectiveÐ X ¨ Ðwhen€rendered€on€March€24,€2003,€prior€to€its€entry€as€part€of€a€formal€writing€onÐ D!” ÐMarch€25,€2003.€€The€court€further€finds€that€Judge€Andrew€Jackson€is€notÐ 0"€  Ðdisqualified,€nor€should€he€have€to€recuse€himself,€from€hearing€Defendant€parentsððÐ #l! Ðresponse€that€they€show€cause€why€they€should€not€be€held€in€contempt€for€failing€toÐ $X" Ðobey€the€courtððs€orders€and€agents€by€refusing€to€turn€the€subject€children€over€toÐ ô$D # ÐDCS€on€March€24,€2003.Ðà%0!$Ð Ð  ÐÌà  àA€second€order€of€the€court€was€also€issued€on€May€16,€2003€and€provided:Ð ¸'#& ÐÌà8  àà ` àThis€cause€came€on€to€be€heard€on€May€7,2003,€on€the€Defendant€parentsððÐ )à$( Ðoral€ð ðMotion€for€Permission€to€file€Interlocutory€Appealðð€which€followedÐ |*Ì%) Ðimmediately€upon€the€courtððs€denial€of€the€Defendant€parentsðð€ð ðMotion€to€Recuse.ðð€Ð h+¸&* ÐPresent€were€the€Defendant€parents€Christopher€Hall€and€Shanna€Hall€and€theirÐ ° Ðattorney€Steve€D.€Gibson,€as€well€as€attorney€Craig€Hargrove€representing€theÐ œì ÐTennessee€Department€of€Childrenððs€Services.€€Based€on€the€pleadings,€theÐ ˆØ Ðarguments€of€counsel,€and€the€entire€record€in€this€cause,€the€court€finds€that€theÐ tÄ ÐDefendant€parentsðð€ð ðMotion€for€Permission€to€file€Interlocutory€Appealðð€is€well„Ð `° Ðtaken€and€should€be€granted.€€The€court€further€finds€that€proceedings€should€beÐ L œ Ðended€for€the€day€and€that€the€Defendant€parents€should€not€again€be€required€toÐ 8 ˆ Ðappear€and€show€cause€whey€they€should€not€be€held€in€contempt€(for€disobeying€theÐ $ t Ðcourtððs€oral€orders€and€designated€agents€by€failing€to€turn€their€children€over€to€DCSÐ  ` Ðsocial€workers€on€March€24,€2003)€until€the€Court€of€Appeals€has€had€opportunityÐ ü L  Ðto€rule€on€their€interlocutory€appeal€from€this€courtððs€denial€of€their€ð ðMotion€toÐ è 8  ÐRecuseðð€Judge€Andrew€Jackson€from€presiding€over€said€contempt€hearing.€€TheÐ Ô$  Ðcourt€further€finds€that€proceeding€with€the€contempt€hearing€before€Judge€AndrewÐ À  ÐJackson€would€be€an€ð ðirreparableðð€decision€vitiating€appeal€of€the€defendant€parentsððÐ ¬ü  Ðð ðMotion€to€Recuse,ðð€and€that€the€situation€thus€justifies€an€interlocutory€appealÐ ˜è  Ð(Tenn.R.App.P.,€Rule€9(a)(1)).€€The€court€further€finds€that€there€is€need€for€aÐ „Ô  Ðð ðuniform€body€of€lawðð€reconciling€any€ð ðinconsistent€orders€of€other€courtsðð€in€regardÐ pÀ Ðto€the€oral€orders€of€judges€within€a€Juvenile€court€setting,€thus€justifying€anÐ \¬ Ðinterlocutory€appeal€(Tenn.R.App.P.,€Rule€9(a)(3)).ÐH˜Ð Ð  ÐÌChristopher€and€Shanna€Hall€then€filed€their€Application€for€Interlocutory€Appeal€by€PermissionÐ  p Ðfrom€the€Trial€Court€in€this€Court€on€May€30,€2003,€which€application€was€granted€by€this€Court€byÐ  \ ÐOrder€of€June€13,€2003.Ð øH ÐÌà  àOn€September€8,€2003,€counsel€for€the€Department€of€Childrenððs€Services€advised€the€courtÐ Ð  Ðthat€the€state€took€no€position€on€the€pending€appeal€and€would€file€no€brief.Ð ¼  ÐÌà  àWhile€the€application€for€interlocutory€appeal€is€limited€to€the€refusal€of€the€trial€court€toÐ ”ä Ðrecuse€itself€in€the€contempt€proceeding,€the€record€before€the€Court€provides€a€more€compellingÐ €Ð Ðreason€for€disposing€of€the€contempt€citation€itself.׃ ×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€No€valid€order€of€the€trial€court€had€beenÐ l¼ Ðrendered€on€March€24,€2003€when€the€events€involved€in€the€contempt€citation€occurred.€€Indeed,Ð X ¨ Ðno€proceeding€of€any€kind€was€pending€on€March€24,€2003.€€It€was€not€until€after€the€eventsÐ D!” Ðoccurring€on€the€evening€of€March€24,€2003€that€the€initial€petition€was€filed€and€the€ProtectiveÐ 0"€  ÐCustody€Order€of€March€25,€2003€was€issued€in€this€case.€€The€trial€court,€at€the€conclusion€of€theÐ #l! ÐMay€7,€2003€hearing€on€the€Motion€to€Recuse,€stated:Ð $X" ÐÐ ô$D # Ðà8  àà ` àTHE€COURT:€€37„1„113€provides€that€a€child€may€be€taken€into€custody,Ð ° Ðpursuant€to€the€order€of€the€Court,€or€of€Human€Services€or€duly€authorized€officerÐ œì Ðof€the€Court,€if€there€are€reasonable€grounds€to€believe€that€the€conditions€specifiedÐ ˆØ Ðin€37€1€114A2€exists.€€37€1€114€A2€says€if€neglected€or€abused€child€in€either€case€theÐ tÄ Ðchild€protection€shall€be€carried€to€a€child€shelter€subjective€to€immediate€threat,€aÐ `° Ðchildððs€health€or€safety€to€the€extent€to€the€delay€for€a€hearing€would€be€likely€resolveÐ L œ Ðto€fear€or€severe€irreparable€harm.€Ð8 ˆÐ Ð  Ðà8  àà ` àThe€orders€of€the€Court€are€effective€when€rendered€not€entered.€€This€is€aÐ $ t Ðcase€where€the€allegations€was€the€child€was€neglected€and€the€Court€entered€theÐ  ` Ðorder€as€a€verbal€order€of€the€Court.€€Under€what€your€argument€is€sir,€any€timeÐ ü L  Ðanybody€disobeys€an€order€of€the€Court€there€is€a€matter€of€disrespect€to€the€Court.€Ð è 8  ÐHow€can€one€refuse€to€obey€a€court€order€and€then€say€that€is€not€some€type€ofÐ Ô$  Ðdisrespect€or€lack€of€it?€€There€is€a€whole€lot€of€difference€in€the€case€in€hand€and€theÐ À  Ðcase€in€bar.€€Particularly€involving€the€neglect€of€children€and€the€Courtððs€inherentÐ ¬ü  Ðauthority€to€remove€children€form€the€neglected€situations.€€Ð˜è Ð Ð  ÐÌà  àThe€trial€court€construes€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€37„1„113€to€provide€that€an€oralÐ pÀ Ðorder€of€the€court,€in€which€no€proceeding€is€then€pending,€can€form€the€basis€for€holding€parties€inÐ \¬ Ða€subsequently€filed€proceeding€to€be€in€contempt€of€court.€€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€37„1„Ð H˜ Ð113€is€not€susceptible€to€such€a€construction.€€It€provides€in€its€entirety:Ð 4„ ÐÌà8  àò ò37„1„113€Taking€into€custody€„€Groundsó ó.€„€(a)€€A€child€may€be€taken€into€custody:Ð \Ð Ð  Ðà8  àà ` à(1)€€Pursuant€to€an€order€of€the€court€under€this€part;ÐüLÐ Ð  Ðà8  àà ` à(2)€€Pursuant€to€the€laws€of€arrest;Ðè8Ð Ð  Ðà8  àà ` à(3)€€By€a€law€enforcement€officer,€social€worker€of€the€department€of€humanÐ Ô$ Ðservices,€or€duly€authorized€officer€of€the€court,€if€there€are€reasonable€grounds€toÐ À Ðbelieve€that€the€conditions€specified€in€ðð€37„1„114(a)(2)€exist;€orЬüÐ Ð  Ðà8  àà ` à(4)€€By€a€law€enforcement€officer€or€duly€authorized€officer€of€the€court€ifÐ ˜è Ðthere€are€reasonable€grounds€to€believe€that€the€child€has€run€away€from€the€childððsÐ „Ô Ðparents,€guardian€or€other€custodian.ÐpÀÐ Ð  Ðà8  àà ` à(b)€€The€taking€of€a€child€into€custody€is€not€an€arrest,€except€for€the€purposeÐ \ ¬ Ðof€determining€its€validity€under€the€Constitution€of€Tennessee€or€the€ConstitutionÐ H!˜ Ðof€the€United€States.€€Ð4"„ Ð Ð  ÐÌà  àOnly€subsection€(1)€of€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€37„1„113€contemplates€a€courtÐ  $\" Ðorder.€€Subsection€(2),€(3)€and€(4)€do€not€contemplate€a€court€order€but€rather€actions€by€lawÐ ø$H # Ðenforcement€officials€and€DCS€personnel€independent€of€a€court€order,€which€is,€in€fact,€whatÐ ä%4!$ Ðoccurred€in€this€case.€€The€Halls€had€no€means€of€even€being€aware€of€the€oral€communicationsÐ Ð& "% Ðbetween€the€trial€judge€and€representatives€of€the€Department€of€Childrenððs€Services€that€hadÐ ¼' #& Ðoccurred€March€24,€2003,€before€any€court€action€was€ever€pending.€€Such€oral€pronouncings€of€theÐ ¨(ø#' Ðtrial€judge€are€ineffective€for€any€purpose.Ð ”)ä$( Ðâ âÐ €*Ð%) Ðà8  àà ` àð ðHowever€formal€and€full€those€proceedings€may€have€been,€not€havingÐ ° Ðâ âreached€the€minutes€of€the€court,€they€do€not€constitute€any€valid€action€upon€its€part.€Ð œì ÐCourts€of€record€and€legislative€bodiesð!ðand€quarterly€courts€partake€somewhat€of€theÐ ˆØ Ðnature€of€both,€and€in€this€particular€matter€that€of€Robertson€county€was€acting€inÐ tÄ Ðits€legislative€capacityð!ðspeak€only€through€their€records.€€The€law€requires€recordsÐ `° Ðto€be€made€of€their€proceedings,€and€that€they€be€signed.€€That€a€judgment€or€decreeÐ L œ Ðwas€pronounced,€or€an€order€made€or€a€motion€carried,€if€it€be€not€spread€upon€theÐ 8 ˆ Ðminutes€of€the€court€required€to€be€kept€for€that€purpose,€avails€nothing,€and€is€as€ifÐ $ t Ðno€such€proceeding€was€ever€had.€€The€action€of€a€court€or€legislative€body€is€notÐ  ` Ðcomplete€or€effective€for€any€purpose€until€the€record€evidencing€it€has€been€madeÐ ü L  Ðand€duly€authenticated.€€The€records€of€courts€and€legislative€bodies€are€the€soleÐ è 8  Ðwitnesses€of€their€proceedings,€and€they€can€only€be€proven€by€duly€certified€copiesÐ Ô$  Ðof€such€records.€€Parol€evidence€cannot€be€heard€for€this€purpose.€€These€are€wellÐ À  Ðestablished€rules,€and€every€principle€of€public€policy€imperatively€forbids€anyÐ ¬ü  Ðdeparture€from€them.€€òòBrooks€v.€Claiborne€Countyóó,€8€Baxt.,€46;€òòFraker€v.€Brazeltonóó,Ð ˜è  Ð12€Lea,€280,€281.ððÐ„Ô Ð Ð  ÐÌòòWilkinson€v.€Shale€Brick€Corp.óó,€299€S.W.€1056,€1057€(Tenn.1927)(quoting€òòState€v.€Trueóó,€95€S.W.Ð \¬ Ð1028,€1032€(Tenn.1906)).Ð H˜ ÐÌà  àThis€Court€has€held€that€ð ða€judgment€orally€pronounced€cannot€be€appealed€from,€and€is€notÐ  p Ðbinding€on€the€parties€for€any€purpose.ðð€€òòHickle€v.€Irickóó,€300€S.W.2d€54,€57€(Tenn.Ct.App.1956);€òòseeÐ  \ Ðalso€Hines€v.€Thompsonóó,€148€S.W.2d€376€(Tenn.Ct.App.1940);òò€Sparkle€Laundry€and€Cleaners,€Inc.Ð øH Ðv.€Keltonóó,€595€S.W.2d€88,€93€(Tenn.Ct.App.1979);òòóó€òòEnvtl.€Abatement€v.€Astrum€R.E.óó,€27€S.W.3d€530Ð ä4 Ð(Tenn.Ct.App.2000).Ð Ð  ÐÌà  àWhile€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€37„1„113,€in€the€absence€of€a€court€order,€leavesÐ ¨ø Ðto€the€discretion€of€law€enforcement€officers,€DCS€representatives,€and€duly€authorized€officers€ofÐ ”ä Ðthe€court€the€decision€to€make€an€emergency€preliminary€judgment€that€a€child€should€be€taken€intoÐ €Ð Ðimmediate€custody,€section€37„1„114(b)€also€limits€to€24€hours€the€time€for€detention€prior€to€aÐ l¼ Ðdetention€hearing.Ð X ¨ ÐÌà  àAppellants€cannot€be€held€to€be€in€contempt€of€DCS€representatives,€authorized€officers€ofÐ 0"€  Ðthe€court€or€law€enforcement€officers€for€their€conduct€on€the€evening€of€March€24,€2003.€€WhateverÐ #l! Ðeffect€their€conduct€on€the€evening€of€March€24,€2003€may€have€on€the€ultimate€disposition€to€beÐ $X" Ðmade€by€the€trial€court,€it€cannot€form€the€basis€for€a€contempt€citation€or€a€contempt€holding€when,Ð ô$D # Ðat€that€time,€no€action€was€pending€before€the€court€and€no€court€order€had€been€entered.Ð à%0!$ ÐÌà  àThe€case€is€remanded€to€the€trial€court€with€instructions€to€dismiss€the€contempt€citation€andÐ ¸'#& Ðproceed€with€the€orderly€disposition€of€the€issues€raised€by€the€Petition€of€DCS€filed€March€25,€2003.Ð ¤(ô#' ÐÌà  àCosts€of€this€cause€are€assessed€to€the€State€of€Tennessee.€Ð |*Ì%) ÐÐ h+¸&* Ðà  àÌÌ€€Ð ˆØ ЀÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________€Ð L œ Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àWILLIAM€B.€CAIN,€JUDGE