ÿWPC; …# VU:a %› 0@¡w@á4! 5 D 0„L 0DÐ 0J 0T^ 0^² 0h 0rx 0|ê 0†f 0ì 1u| 0dñ BUU6rB)¨DCÑ AMU*a0‹ D3»ßî8Í 0@v~EvÓà AO–Æå 0D« D/ï B˜HP LaserJet 4Si/4SiMX PS 600dpiPSCRIPTÀÌÀääÀÀÌ0 <Ô6X9`+"Courier 10cpiX(ù$¡¡Ó  ÓÓ  Ó ÍDÎÏDÐ +ÑÒDÓÔÕDÖÓ€©U!V3|xá(4(3DX$¤¤Ý ƒù!ÝÓ  ÓÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ d< Œ 9p`(Courier New% Line 7 d%%%%7Border 1dd€-&Cþÿ << Gÿÿ< Œ 9p`(Arial &Ý ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€$ÔÓ  ÓÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ€(ÔÔ€(ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€(XÔÌÌò òOctober€21,€1996ÌÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€(ôÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó'ÿÿdxd ÕÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€$ÔÓ  ÓÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝòòA€trial€court€can€convert€a€Rule€12.02(6)€motion€to€dismiss€into€a€Rule€56Ïmotion€for€summary€judgment€by€considering€material€outside€the€pleadings.€€òòKnierim›€v.ÏœLeatherwood›óó,€542€S.W.2d€806,€808€(Tenn.€1976).€€A€trial€court€can,€however,€ð ðprevent€aÏconversion€from€taking€place€by€declining€to€consider€extraneous€matters.ðð€€òòPacific€E.ÏCorp.€v.€Gulf€Life€Holding€Co.óó,€902€S.W.2d€946,€952€(Tenn.€App.€1995).€€There€is€noÏindication€from€the€record€in€the€instant€case€that€the€trial€court€consideredÏmaterial€outside€the€pleadings.óóÌ .Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€$ÔÓ  ÓÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $Ýà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝòòIn€any€event€we€would€question€the€propriety€of€disclosing€to€Dr.€Smith€theÏprovisions€of€Mrs.€Smith's€will€without€her€consent.óóÌ("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  ÒPtPtHPð€ÿÜÿìô”(üHPð€P € €'Styl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  BA Op Geneva ÒÒ  BA Op Geneva Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€$ÔÓ  ÓÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÑ ¸ ÑÑ Ü ÑÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ7€·`XXdÈdÈ7ÑÙ€€ÙßL€')&;+'h|` Å `€€Lß›à@ àIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALSÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌœELLIOTT€B.›€SMITH,€JR.,€œM.D.,›€€€€)à àGREENE€CIRCUITÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)à àC.A.€NO.€03A01„9605„CV„00168Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€Plaintiff„Appellant€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ìvs.€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)à àHON.€JOHN€K.€WILSONÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)à àJUDGEÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)ÌJERRY€L.€GOODSON,€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)à àAFFIRMED€AND€REMANDEDÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€Defendant„Appellee€€€€)ÌÌÌÌÌRICHARD€J.€BRAUN,€Richard€J.€Braun€and€Associates,€Nashville,€for€Appel…lant.ÌÌÌDAVID€E.€SMITH€and€W.€TYLER€œCHASTAIN›,€œHodges›,€Doughty€&€Carson,€œPLLC›,ÏKnoxville€for€Appellee.ÌÌÌÌÌÌÓÓà@ àòòO€P€I€N€I€O€NóóÌÌà€ àMcMurray,€J.ÌÌà àWe€are€called€upon€in€this€appeal€to€determine€whether€the€œtrialÏcourt€erred€in€dismissing€the€plaintiff's€complaint.€€Curiously,€theÏplaintiff€insists€that€the€trial€court€dismissed€the€complaint€under€theÏprovisions€of€Rule€12,€Tennessee€Rules€of€Civil€Procedure,€while€theÏappellee€insists€that€the€complaint€was€dismissed€on€motion€for€summaryÏjudgment.€€We€are€unable€to€ascertain€from€the€record€which€motion€theÏcourt€sustained,€therefore,€we€have€examined€both.€€We€affirm€the€trialÏcourt.€ÌÌà àThe€plaintiff,€Eliott›€B.€Smith,€Jr.,€M.D.,€and€his€wife,€Veda€AnnÏSmith,€hired€the€defendant,€Jerry€L.€Goodson,€for€estate€planning€servicesÏin€May€1992.€€The€defendant,€a€licensed€attorney€practicing€in€Greenville,ÏTennessee,€was€the€brother€of€Mrs.€Smith.€€Mr.€Goodson€drafted€wills€forÏboth€Dr.€and€Mrs.€Smith,€and€they€were€executed€on€June€10,€1992.€€BothÏDr.€and€Mrs.€Smith€went€to€Mr.€œGoodson's›€office€to€sign€their€wills.€€Dr.ÏSmith€read€his€will,€signed€it,€paid€Mr.€Goodson€and€left.€€Dr.€Smith€didÏnot€read€his€wife's€will.€€Mrs.€Smith€executed€her€will€shortly€after€Dr.ÍSmith€left.€€Dr.€Smith€alleges€that€he€was€under€the€impression€that€heÏand€his€wife€had€signed€reciprocal€wills.€€However,€œhe€later›€œlearned›€thatÏher€will€was€not€reciprocal,€but€in€fact€devised€her€estate€to€her€nieces,Ïthree€of€whom€are€the€minor€children€of€the€defendant,€Mr.€Goodson.€ÏApproximately€one€month€after€the€wills€were€signed,€Dr.€Smith€asked€Mr.ÏGoodson€to€draft€a€warranty€deed€transferring€ownership€of€his€residenceÏto€Mrs.€Smith€in€an€effort€to€equalize€their€respective€estates€so€as€toÏminimize€estate€tax€liability.€€Mr.€Goodson€drafted€the€deed,€but€did€notÏinform€Dr.€Smith€that€Mrs.€Smith's€will€did€not€leave€the€bulk€of€herÏestate€to€him,€and€hence€was€not€reciprocal.ÌÌà àMrs.€Smith€died€on€September€12,€1993.€€Shortly€after€her€death,€Dr.ÏSmith€learned€that€her€will€left€the€bulk€of€her€estate,€including€theÏhome€that€he€had€transferred€to€her€and€a€Jaguar€he€had€recently€purchasedÏfor€her,€to€her€nieces,€including€Mr.€Goodson's€children.ÌÌà àDr.€Smith€filed€suit€in€the€Chancery€Court€for€Greene€County€onÏSeptember€12,€1994,€alleging€negligence,€breach€of€contract€and€breach€ofÏfiduciary€duty.€€The€defendant€answered€averring€that€he€prepared€a€willÏfor€Dr.€Smith€according€to€his€instructions,€but€denied€any€knowledge€ofÍan€agreement€between€Dr.€Smith€and€his€wife€pertaining€to€the€contents€ofÏtheir€respective€wills.€€Defendant€further€answered€that€he€specificallyÏdrafted€Mrs.€Smith's€will€according€to€her€directions.€€Defendant€alsoÏfiled€a€motion€to€dismiss€for€failure€to€state€a€claim€for€which€reliefÏcould€be€granted.€The€Chancery€Court€found€that€the€gravamen€of€theÏcomplaint€was€for€legal€malpractice€and€transferred€the€case€to€theÏœcircuit›€œcourt›€for€Greene€County.€€After€the€case€was€transferred,€defen…dant€filed€a€motion€for€summary€judgment.ÌÌà àœWe€will€first€address€the€issue€relating€to€the€Rule€12€motion.›€œAsÏnoted,€plaintiff›€and€defendant€disagree€over€the€ultimate€disposition€ofÏthis€case€by€the€œcircuit›€œcourt.€€The€circuit€court€heard€argument€on€bothÏmotions.€€The€court's€order€reflects€that€it€was€heard€on€both€motions,Ïbut€is€captioned€as€an€order€sustaining€a€motion€to€dismiss.€€AffidavitsÏfrom€both€parties€are€included€in€the€record,€as€well€as€the€deposition€ofÏthe€plaintiff.€€Plaintiff€maintains,€however,€that€the€order€was€oneÏsustaining€a€motion€to€dismiss.€€Giving€the€plaintiff€the€benefit€of€hisÏposition€on€this›€issue€coupled€with€the€failure€of€the€record€to€demon…strate€that€the€trial€court€relied€on€the€affidavits€and€deposition€in€theÍrecord,€we€œwill€first›€consider€the€motion€as€one€to€dismiss.œ× ƒ+ ××  ×›€€€A€motionÏto€dismiss€for€failure€to€state€a€claim€upon€which€relief€can€be€grantedÏtests€the€sufficiency€of€the€challenged€pleading.€€It€admits€as€true€allÏrelevant€and€material€allegations€of€fact,€but€asserts€that€such€facts€doÏnot€constitute€a€viable€cause€of€action.€€òòœHumphries›€v.€West€End€Terrace,ÏIncóó.,€795€S.W.2d€128,€130€(Tenn.€App.€1990);€òòsee€alsoóó€T.R.C.P.€12.02(6).€ÏA€court€when€considering€a€motion€to€dismiss€"should€construe€the€com…plaint€liberally€in€favor€of€the€plaintiff€taking€all€of€the€allegationsÏof€fact€therein€as€true."€€òòHumphriesóó€at€130.ÌÌà àœAccepting›€all€of€the€plaintiff's€allegations€as€true,€we€are€of€theÏopinion€that€the€complaint€does€not€state€a€cause€of€action€for€legalÏmalpractice.€€In€a€malpractice€action€against€an€attorney,€the€plaintiffÏhas€the€burden€of€proving:ÌÌà8 àà0 àà à1.à àThe€employment€of€the€attorney;Ìà8 àà0 àà à2.à àneglect€by€the€attorney€of€a€reasonable€duty;€andÌà8 àà0 àà à3.à àdamages€resulting€from€the€neglect.ÌÓÓòòJamison€v.€Normanóó,€771€S.W.2d€408€(Tenn.€1989);€òòSammons€v.€Rotroff,óó€653ÏS.W.2d€740€(Tenn.€App.€1983).ÌÌÓ ` ܇XçÈ“X ÓÓÓÌà àPlaintiff's€complaint€does€allege€employment€of€the€defendantÏattorney€for€the€purposes€of€estate€planning€for€Dr.€Smith€and€his€wife.€ÏHowever,€plaintiff€fails€to€allege€the€second€element€ð"ð€neglect€of€aÏreasonable€duty.ÌÌà àPlaintiff€contends€that€the€defendant€neglected€his€duty€in€that€heÏviolated€his€fiduciary€duty€by€failing€to€inform€him€of€his€conflicts€ofÏinterest,€and€continuing€to€represent€the€plaintiff€despite€having€thoseÏconflicts€of€interests.€€Plaintiff€correctly€points€out€that€an€attorneyÏmay€not€represent€conflicting€interests€or€undertake€to€carry€out€incon…sistent€duties€to€his€clients.€€òòSeeóó€òòAmerican€National€Bank€v.€Bradfordóó,Ï188€S.W.2d€971€(Tenn.€1945);€òòSteinberg€v.€Mortonóó,€25€Bankr.€162€(Bankr.ÏE.D.€Tenn.€1982).€€Plaintiff€alleged€in€his€complaint€that€the€defendantÏhad€three€conflicts€of€interest€in€the€course€of€representing€both€theÏplaintiff€and€his€wife.€€Plaintiff€alleged€that€defendant's€conflictsÏwere:ÌœÌà0 àÌà8 àà0 àà à1.à àÓÓDefendant's›€children€were€substantial€beneficiaries€ofÏthe€will€drafted€by€defendant€for€Veda€Ann;ÌœÌà8 àà0 àà à2.à àDefendant›€had€knowledge€that€Veda€Ann€had€not€honored€herÏagreement€described€in€paragraph€8€of€this€Complaint€andÏknew€that€Veda€Annððs€will€did€not€devise€to€plaintiff€theÏresidential€real€estate;€andÌÌœà8 àà0 àà à3.à àDefendant›€knew€that€Veda€Ann€was€considering€obtaining€aÏdivorce€from€plaintiff.ÌÌÓ ` ܇X2È“X ÓÓÓÌà àAs€to€the€first€and€second€alleged€conflicts,€if€the€defendant'sÏactions€in€drafting€a€will€for€a€client€leaving€the€bulk€of€the€estate€toÏhis€children€is€a€conflict€of€interest,€it€is€a€conflict€in€relation€toÏhis€representation€of€the€testatrix,€Mrs.€Smith,€rather€than€the€plain…tiff.€€According€to€œplaintiff's›€complaint,€he€hired€defendant€pursuant€toÏan€oral€contract€to€provide€legal€services€to€plaintiff€òòandóó€to€œplaintiff's›Ïwife.€€Plaintiff's€brief€filed€with€this€Court€states€that€the€defendantÏprepared€Mrs.€Smith's€will€contrary€to€the€instructions€of€plaintiff.€€AÏcareful€reading€of€the€complaint€reveals€otherwise,€however.€€The€com…plaint€states€that€the€defendant€was€to€draft€a€will€for€plaintiff,€and€aÏseparate€will€for€œplaintiff's›€wife.€€It€does€not€state€that€the€defendantÏwas€instructed€to€draft€Mrs.€Smith's€will€according€to€œplaintiff's›€in…structions.€€In€any€event,€however,€an€attorney€represents€the€person€forÏwhom€the€work€is€to€be€performed,€not€the€person€who€actually€pays€for€theÏlegal€services.€€€òòSee,€e.g.,óó€òòPetition€of€Youngbloodóó,€895€S.W.2d€322€(Tenn.Ï1995).€€Thus,€defendant€could€not€have€drafted€a€will€for€Mrs.€SmithÏcontrary€to€her€instructions,€even€if€Dr.€Smith€had€requested€defendant€toÏdo€so,€which€we€again€emphasize€was€not€alleged€in€the€complaint.ÌÌà àPlaintiff€claims€in€his€brief€that€defendant€violated€his€fiduciaryÏduty€by€carrying€out€the€wishes€of€Mrs.€Smith.€€Plaintiff€claims€thatÏdefendant€did€this€out€of€loyalty€to€his€sister,€and€his€own€financialÏinterest€in€obtaining€property€for€his€minor€children.€€We€find€thisÏargument,€which€is€not€supported€by€the€complaint€as€discussed€above,€toÏbe€inconsistent€with€œplaintiffððs›€acknowledgment€that€defendant€was€hiredÏto€provide€estate€planning€services€to€Mrs.€Smith.€€Plaintiff€apparentlyÏfails€to€recognize€that€Mrs.€Smith€was€a€client€of€defendant,€and€theÏlegal€services€that€are€the€subject€of€this€suit€were€performed€òòforóó€Mrs.ÏSmith.€€defendant€performed€two€services€for€plaintiff,€namely€draftingÏhis€will€and€a€warranty€deed.€€Yet€no€allegations€are€made€that€either€ofÏthose€two€functions€was€done€incorrectly.€€Rather,€plaintiff€is€attemptingÏto€sue€over€work€done€for€Mrs.€Smith.€€Since€Dr.€Smith€hired€the€defendantÍto€serve€as€Mrs.€Smith'€attorney€for€purposes€of€drafting€her€will,€weÏfind€no€merit€in€his€claim€of€conflict€of€interest€as€to€the€dispositionÏof€Mrs.€Smith's€estate€to€the€œdefendant's›€children.ÌÌà àThe€second€alleged€conflict€of€interest€that€plaintiff€raises€isÏthat€defendant€had€knowledge€that€Veda€Ann€Smith€had€not€honored€herÏagreement€to€leave€her€estate€to€her€husband.€€Dr.€Smith€states€in€hisÏcomplaint€that€he€and€his€wife€had€entered€into€an€agreement€whereby€eachÏwould€leave€the€other€his€or€her€respective€estate.€€However,€Dr.€SmithÏnowhere€in€his€complaint€alleges€that€he€hired€the€defendant€to€draftÏreciprocal€wills.€€Plaintiff€does€not€state€in€his€complaint€that€he€everÏinformed€defendant€that€he€and€his€wife€wished€him€to€draft€reciprocalÏwills.€€Plaintiff€does€state€in€paragraph€9€of€the€complaint€that€theÏdefendant€had€knowledge€of€the€contents€of€Mrs.€Smith's€will,€and€did€notÏadvise€him€that€it€deviated€from€the€agreement€reached€between€Dr.€andÏMrs.€Smith.× ƒ, ××  ×€€We€think€it€important€to€note€that€the€alleged€agreement,Ïwhich€we€must€assume€as€true€for€purposes€of€a€Rule€12.02(6)€motion,€wasÏbetween€the€plaintiff€and€his€wife,€not€between€the€plaintiff€and€theÍdefendant.€€Plaintiff€does€not€state€in€his€complaint€what€instructionsÏwere€given€to€defendant€for€drafting€the€two€wills,€and€we€can€not€inferÏfrom€the€complaint€that€defendant€was€instructed€to€draft€reciprocalÏwills.€€As€we€stated€earlier,€plaintiff€has€conceded€in€his€brief€that€œthe›Ïœcircuit›€œcourt›€disposed€of€this€matter€by€a€motion€to€dismiss.€€The€stan…dard€of€review€for€a€motion€to€dismiss€prevents€us€from€examining€theÏaffidavits€of€the€plaintiff,€absent€an€indication€from€the€Trial€JudgeÏthat€he€relied€upon€them€in€making€his€determination.€€There€is€œno›€indica…tion€in€the€œrecord›€that€the€Trial€Judge€relied€on€any€other€information.€ÏœTherefore,€on€addressing€the€motion€to€dismess,›€we€are€limited€œan€examina…tion€of€the€pleadings.›€€The€complaint€does€not€allege€that€the€plaintiffÏinstructed€the€defendant€to€draft€reciprocal€wills.€€We€conclude€that€noÏduty€was€owed€to€inform€the€plaintiff€of€the€contents€of€his€wife's€will.€ÏA€trial€court€must€not,€and€this€Court€will€not€read€allegations€into€aÏcomplaint€that€are€not€there.ÌÌà àAs€to€the€final€alleged€conflict€of€interest,€plaintiff€claims€thatÏthe€defendant€was€required€€to€withdraw€as€counsel€because€he€knew€thatÏMrs.€Smith€was€considering€divorcing€her€husband.€€Plaintiff€cites€noÏcases€that€would€support€this€as€being€a€conflict€of€interest€under€theÍcircumstances€of€this€case,€nor€has€our€research€revealed€any.€€We€findÏthis€allegation€to€be€without€merit.ÌÌà àFor€the€reasons€set€forth€above,€we€find€that€the€complaint€of€theÏplaintiff€fails€to€state€a€cause€of€action€against€the€defendant,€and,Ïtherefore,€hold€that€the€circuit€court€of€Greene€County€was€correct€inÏdismissing€the€claim.ÌÌà àNotwithstanding€our€decision€to€treat€the€case€at€the€urging€of€theÏplaintiff,€as€having€been€disposed€of€pursuant€to€the€provisions€of€RuleÏ12,€T.R.C.P.,€from€an€abundance€of€caution,€we€œwill€also›€address€theÏmotion€for€summary€judgment.ÌÌà àThe€standards€governing€an€appellate€court's€review€of€a€trialÏcourt's€action€on€a€motion€for€summary€judgment€are€well€settled.€SinceÏour€inquiry€involves€purely€a€question€of€law,€no€presumption€of€correct…ness€attaches€to€the€trial€court's€judgment,€and€our€task€is€confined€toÏreviewing€the€record€to€determine€whether€the€requirements€of€T.R.C.P.€56Ïhave€been€met.€òòœCowden›€v.€œSovran›€Bank/Central€Southóó,€816€S.W.2d€741,€744Ï(Tenn.€1991).€T.R.C.P.€56.03€provides€that€summary€judgment€is€onlyÍappropriate€where:€(1)€there€is€no€genuine€issue€with€regard€to€theÏmaterial€facts€relevant€to€the€claim€or€defense€contained€in€the€motion,ÏòòByrd€v.€Hallóó,€847€S.W.2d€208,€210€(Tenn.€1993);€and€(2)€the€moving€partyÏis€entitled€to€a€judgment€as€matter€of€law€on€the€undisputed€facts.ÏòòAnderson€v.€Standard€Register€Coóó.,€857€S.W.2d€555,€559€(Tenn.€œ1993).€›€TheÏmoving€party€has€the€burden€of€proving€that€its€motion€satisfies€theseÏrequirements.€òòœDownen›€v.€Allstate€Ins.€Coóó.,€811€S.W.2d€523,€524€(Tenn.Ï1991).€€òòCarvell€v.€Bottomsóó,€900€S.W.2d€23€(Tenn.€1995).ÌÌà àIn€an€amended€answer€the€defendant€was€allowed€to€plead€the€statuteÏof€limitations€contained€in€T.C.A.€ðð€28„3„104€as€an€affirmative€defense.€ÏThe€defendant's€motion€for€summary€judgment€was€based€upon€the€running€ofÏthe€statute€of€limitations.€€In€support€of€his€motion€for€summary€judg…ment,€the€defendant€filed€his€affidavit€which,€among€other€things€stated:ÌÌÓÓà8 àà àThat€at€a€deposition€at€which€I€was€present,€the€plain…tiff,€Elliott€B.€Smith,€Jr.,€testified€that€in€August€orÏSeptember€of€1992,€he€had€discussed€the€terms€of€Veda€AnnÏSmith's€will€with€her.€€That€she€had€told€him€that€she€hadÏmade€a€will€leaving€everything€to€her€nieces€and€that€he€hadÏtold€her€that€she€needed€to€change€the€will.€€At€that€time,Ïnor€at€any€time€subsequent€to€that,€did€œEliott›€B.€Smith,€Jr.,Ïdiscuss€with€me€the€original€will€of€June€10,€1992,€or€whetherÏVeda€Ann€Smith€had€made€a€new€will€with€a€different€provision,Ïnor€did€we€have€any€discussions€about€her€will.ÌÌÓÓÌà àIn€response€to€the€defendant's€motion€for€summary€judgment,€theÏplaintiff,€Elliott€B.€Smith,€Jr.,€filed€his€affidavit.€€In€the€affidavit,Ïthe€plaintiff€deposed,€among€other€things,€as€follows:ÌÌÓÓà8 àà àIn€or€about€July,€1992,€I€asked€Veda€Ann€about€her€will,Ïand€she€told€me€that€the€will€had€been€completed.€€She€told€meÏthat€she€had€left€her€estate€to€her€nieces,€Goodson's€daugh…ters.€€I€told€Veda€Ann€that€this€was€not€what€we€had€discussedÏand€that€she€needed€to€change€her€will.€€She€agreed.€€Approxi…mately€one€week€later,€I€asked€her€about€the€will€again,€andÏVeda€Ann€told€me€that€she€had€changed€the€will€so€that€herÏestate€(except€for€the€jewelry)€would€go€to€me.€€I€believedÏthis€statement€because€Goodson€had€not€advised€me€that€VedaÏAnn€had€failed€to€honor€our€agreement€and€because€I€believedÏthat€Goodson€had€a€duty€to€advise€me€in€the€event€Veda€Ann€didÏnot€honor€the€agreement.ÌÌÓÓÌà àIn€addition€to€the€affidavit,€in€his€deposition€the€plaintiff€wasÏasked€the€following€questions€and€responded€with€the€following€answers:ÌÌÓÓà8 àà0 àà àQ.à àYou€don't€know€if€you€saw€her€will€at€any€time?ÌÌà8 àà0 àà àA.à àOh,€I€never€saw€œVita's€[sic]›€will.ÌÌà8 àà0 àà àQ.à àDid€you€ever€ask€her€to€see€it?ÌÌà8 àà0 àà àA.à àI€asked€her€about€it€at€one€time.ÌÌà8 àà0 àà àQ.à àWhen€was€that?ÌÌà8 àà0 àà àA.à àI€don't€remember,€Maybe€August€or€September.ÌÌà8 àà0 àà àQ.à àThat€would€be€1993?ÌÌà8 àà0 àà àA.à àTwo.ÌÌà8 àà0 àà àQ.à àTwo.€€Oh,€okay.€What€was€the€reason€for€your€asking€herÏabout€the€will?ÌÌà8 àà0 àà àA.à àI€asked€her€if€she€got€the€will€completed.€€She€said€yes.€ÏAnd€I€asked€her€what€did€she€put€in€the€will,€and€sheÏsaid€that€she€left€everything€to€her€nieces.€€And€I€said,Ïœ"Vita,€[sic]›€honey,€that's€not€what€we€discussed."€€IÏsaid,€"you€need€to€change€the€will."€€Two€weeks€later€IÏasked€her€again€and€she€said€she€changed€it.€€I€neverÏasker€her€about€it€again.ÌÌà8 àà0 àà àQ.à àDid€you€ever€talk€to€Mr.€Goodson€about€the€fact€that€sheÏtold€you€she'd€left€everything€to€her€nieces?ÌÌà8 àà0 àà àA.à àNo,€œhuh›„uh.€€She€told€me€she€had€changed€it.ÌÌÓÓÌà àIt€seems€abundantly€clear€that€the€plaintiff€had€knowledge€of€theÏprovisions€of€his€wife's€will€no€later€than€August€or€September,€1992.€ÏThis€action€was€instituted€in€the€Chancery€Court€on€September€12,€1994,Ïobviously€outside€the€one„year€statute€of€limitations€provided€for€inÏT.C.A.€ðð€28„3„104.€€Thus,€we€must€look€to€the€rules€of€law€relating€to€theÏtime€the€statute€of€limitations€begins€to€run.ÌÌà àIn€òòCarvell€v.€Bottomsóó,€supra,€the€Supreme€Court€clarified€the€rulesÏrelating€to€the€running€of€the€statute€of€limitations€in€legal€malpracticeÏactions.€€In€òòCarvellóó,€the€court€citing€òòAmeri‚ccount€Club,€Inc.€v.€Hillóó,€617ÏS.W.2d€876€(Tenn.€1981)€and€òòChambers€v.€œDillow›óó,€713€S.W.2d€896€(Tenn.Ï1986)€stated€that€the€"legal€malpractice€discovery€rule"€is€composed€ofÏtwo€distinct€elements:€€(1)€€the€plaintiff€must€suffer,€pursuant€to€theÏòòAmericcountóó€dicta,€an€"irremedial€injury"€as€a€result€of€the€defendant'sÏnegligence;€and€(2)€the€plaintiff€must€have€known€or€in€the€exercise€ofÏreasonable€diligence€should€have€known€that€this€injury€was€caused€byÏdefendant's€negligence.ÌÌà àThe€Court€in€òòCarvellóó€stated€its€disapproval€of€the€term€"irremedial"Ïbecause€of€the€confusion€brought€about€by€the€unfortunate€use€of€that€termÏin€òòAmericcountóó.€€The€court€restated€the€rule€to€substitute€"legallyÏcognizable€injury"€or€"actual€injury"€for€"irremedial."ÌÌà àApplying€the€òòAmericcountóó€rule€as€modified€by€òòCarvellóó,€it€is€incom…prehensible€that€the€plaintiff€was€not€on€notice€of€the€acts€of€theÏdefendant,€about€which€he€complains,€more€than€one€year€before€the€insti…tution€of€this€action.€€If€there€was€a€cause€of€action,€which€we€do€notÍconcede,€the€plaintiff€knew€of€the€perceived€wrongdoing€of€the€defendantÏno€later€than€September€1992.€€At€that€time€he€knew€or€in€the€exercise€ofÏreasonable€diligence€should€have€known€that€he€had€suffered€a€"legallyÏcognizable€injury"€due€to€the€defendant's€negligence.€€ÌÌà àOn€the€issue€of€the€statute€of€limitations,€we€find€that€there€is€noÏgenuine€issue€of€a€material€fact€and€that€the€defendant€is€entitled€to€aÏjudgment€as€a€matter€of€law.ÌÌà àWe€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.€€Costs€are€taxed€to€theÏappellant€and€this€case€is€remanded€to€the€trial€court€for€the€collectionÏthereof.ÌÓÓÌà€ à______________________________Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Don€T.€McMurray,€J.ÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌHouston€M.€Goddard,€Presiding€JudgeÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌHerschel€P.€Franks,€J.ÌÌœÇÑ  ÑÑ7€å°XXdÈXXdÈ7Ñà@ àIN€THE€COURT€OF€APPEALSÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌELLIOTT€B.€SMITH,€JR.,€M.D.,€€€€)à àGREENE€CIRCUITÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)à àC.A.€NO.€03A01„9605„CV„00168Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€Plaintiff„Appellant€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ìvs.€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)à àHON.€JOHN€K.€WILSONÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)à àJUDGEÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)ÌJERRY€L.€GOODSON,€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)à àAFFIRMED€AND€REMANDEDÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€)Ì€€€€€€€€€€Defendant„Appellee€€€€)ÌÌÌ€Ìà@ àò òòòORDERóóó óÌÌÌÓÓà àThis€appeal€came€on€to€be€heard€upon€the€record€from€the€CircuitÏCourt€of€Greene€County,€briefs€and€argument€of€counsel.€€Upon€consider…ation€thereof,€this€Court€is€of€the€opinion€that€there€was€no€reversibleÏerror€in€the€trial€court.Ìà àWe€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.€€Costs€are€taxed€to€theÏappellant€and€this€case€is€remanded€to€the€trial€court€for€the€collectionÏthereof.ÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€PER€CURIAM›