ÿWPCã jyº×'¬ÔÞ¸y&ë܃®{X»ýl¬ò#y©<ë«sÀ${áó/X:ÑXê^Ä r Fâ'Ž"“Ç2ú×'óDf™ìšvÙÔŸ.örõvì`ŽÉÑ ‡~Ê%{ÔÃ-ék Q%gøMŒ8j®«Ø …EÑ2ˆÉû<\ÙÑwÑÎ:TѬº›â¸l¡Ép½¦Q[õ­˜·X':¡ÙUÞ0Ïø64=WŠœè.“ïjÁÙøú;*UœlW1Àe蜶ÄQ3[ý ZÙ}xzHQ… ©®O܇Ìpd÷oÞ52-=LÆ™fD´hA2 ÷DPHO®›/‘̳XZ>δ´šÁ§[ÂàNj9ï63"رgu+´øîž‰µ(51G{Â{¶KßCêæ¹›U‚ëb<Ý΀‹?³rW™eÿ€‚ÖŸ DõjC1˜«p}F;èKYCaÏ7¹ËïÑü·œdáÍ:×{ð|ˆšägVïµsXif–ˆ¡[$>ÿÖâAT¶qJ¥óµålÈq¾³£büàt¬ò ”nÿb(‹ÂÖy%ks£8VƒÐ×M];ãZ‚ÃéwÝX¨þýuêÙ¡y¸YH³ž~+øš€ï`# @UNK %™ 0(Ÿw@Ç4  * ¢2 0PÔ @L$ omp bÝ:åU:################ AQ]Æ® 0Dtt 0D¸¸ D/ü B+ BH D3eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee 0D˜˜˜˜˜˜˜˜˜ AÜ D?] BGœ˜HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLhÎ(ÖÃ9 Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡ IÀUÓDDÓ€!ìu[%3|x! ˜Ý ƒ /Q+ÝÔ d ÔÝ  Ýßq€] ;+'h 0  ` Á{ â gæ€E°°x@8[ x‰°°x@8qß((3/Q$««Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÔ d Ô C:\OFFICE\WPWIN\GRAPHICS\DRAFT.WPGÿWPC°°—D%&1—D%&1'Ø'3XXXX,,51ÿÿÿ.+3ÿ– `! ¦Ù'¦Ù'þi(²­(S)õc)°«)"G*"G*Óñ)Óñ)|œ)|œ)|œ)-). )–¨(k(×<(yÚ'›ô&[ú%Þ{%U %<I%&|”&¶'½‹'Üj'æ\'3'3'T‰'T‰'¦Ù'1ÿÿÿ3ÿÿÿN `"0(0(¡ª''r&è%äÌ%‚+&\O&=“&9Ê&6'b{'¶Ò'<](Ìx(0(0(13ÿê `#T#+T#+T#+'H+'H+'H+t+t+ÜO+ÜO+ÜO+»-++†×*\*U`*\ *\ *B$*B$**<*I*n*n*¸*¸*eÊ)eÊ)eÊ)±)œ™)¹„)öQ)5)4)gæ( ¨(:(:(R‘(R‘(R‘(§ã(§ã(ê)ê)ê)­¼)™á)•*“=*º“*èÃ*û×*ó*I+I+ÿ `$ñ c,ñ c,â h,Ý i,Ð u,Á ^,± H,¥ ;, $,s ,^ ,I ,0 , D, D,ƒ Ç,ƒ Ç,H -H -H -1 -û$-Ç-…û,-¹,ÐY,lñ+6 +ò++þ*5ò*5ò*?ý*?ý*Te+€¶+Ð ,/k,•,Åa,áF,Ñ,…¸+5O++ãÛ*[*|ú)±Ç)÷ƒ)„¸) J*p ¬*§ +Ç x+ k+; ~+ˆ Î+¯ ÷+Ç ,ñ c,ñ c,1ÿÿÿ3ÿÿÿN `%e É+e É+ˆ ¨+‘ ˆ+„ \+t #+M â* ²*Ê[*r?*Cl*œ*)í*œ†+××+àæ+ &, &,13ÿJ `&Û 50Û 50º 0ž ð/ Þ/U •// F/! ü. ˜. G.\ .\ .v õ-v õ-B Â-1 °-ôw-ôw- e- e- e- N- N- N-k ¢-k ¢-k ¢-š Ò-š Ò- k- k- k-\ -Ž â, [, [,R µ,R µ,¨ -¨ -¨ - -â ¯-} .} .( e.( e.( e.v ¸.v ¸.v ¸.ã $/ã $/ã $/Ë 5/Ë 5/¹ L/¹ L/¹ L/h ó.P ×. ˆ.É ’.± ž.“ ».` í.k 8/± €/Ì œ/è ­/ Ã/ Ã/( Ù/( Ù/ ç/ ç/ ç/ý 0ó 0Û 50Û 50ÿ `'·/·/»/û »/è Ã/Æ ‡/² k/’ J/t +/O /1 / õ.õ ù.Ñ /¹ ,/‹ U/j u/j u/Ê 0Ê 0 a0> †0« î0« î0 1 1z 1z 1z 1 ®0ð …0£ 50q h0` }0, À0 c0ò F0¶ ë/æ Ë/ö ¿/ ¡/ç s/Ô c/™ +/™ +/± /± /Ç /Ç /Ç /þ ;/ O/< |/< |/Ý à.Ý à.P m.P m.P m.Ž ..õ W.{ â.» #/á U/·/·/- ù- 0Ñ#€Xÿÿd#ÑÑ € Ñ úÝ ƒ"¯"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€X')XXXÔÔ€8#XX')ÔÓ  Óò òÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€X')X8#ÔÐ  ÐÌNovember€16,€1998ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔdAhÔó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular!"T$&Cþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó(('÷ÿ dxd düÿP Pd'''''ÿÿdxd(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝT^yúÿ  <<= 8ÀÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ____3 TripledxdCTriple 1+| d d dÝ ƒ!ÝÝ  ݛҀ°ÒÒ„°ÒÔ€¼Œ*¼XXÔÓ'€Ð†XDè“X°œX'ÓÑTR[¤ AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑññÖ€ ÿÿÖññÑ  ÑÑ€&5Ñœñ!ññ!ññ!ñññœññßr€ )<,(j 8` `€€@Eô±` 8ttxP,°ð  rßñ!ñññññHEIDI›€MARLIES€SOMMERVILLEà D à)Ð ° Ð(CALUGER)€andà ˆ àà à àà D à)Ð À ÐGERICKE€SOMMERVILLE,à D à)Ð Ð  Ðà Ø àà 0 àà ˆ àà à àà D à)Ìà Ø àPlaintiffs/Appellants,à D à)à è àà @ àAppeal€No.Ð ð@ Ðà Ø àà 0 àà ˆ àà à àà D à)à è àà @ à01„A„01„9710„CV„00559Ð  P Ðñ!ññ!ñv.à Ø àà 0 àà ˆ àà à àà D à)Ð  ` Ðñ!ñœßt€ )>.*jxÓû` `€€@EÇ ` 8ttxPÿS ð È tß›ñ!ñà Ø àà 0 àà ˆ àà à àà D à)à è àà @ àSumner€CircuitÐ  p ÐJERRY€WILLIAM€SOMMERVILLE,à D à)à è àà @ àNo.€11917„CÐ 0 € Ðà Ø àà 0 àà ˆ àà à àà D à)Ìà Ø àDefendant/Appellee.à D à)à è àÐ P   ÐÌÌÌÓ  ÓÓ€ÓCOURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌAPPEAL€FROM€THE€CIRCUIT€COURT€OF€SUMNER€COUNTY,ÌAT€GALLATIN,€TENNESSEEÌÌTHE€HONORABLE€THOMAS€GOODALL,€JUDGEÌÌÓ€ÓÓ  ÓRANDLE€W.€HILL,€JR.Ì329€Union€StreetÌP.€O.€Box€19632ÌNashville,€Tennessee€€37219„0632Ìà Ø àATTORNEY€FOR€PLAINTIFFS/APPELLANTSÌÌÌÌBRUCE€N.€OLDHAMÌSUE€HYNDS€DUNNINGÌOldham€&€DunningÌ109€Public€SquareÌGallatin,€Tennessee€€37066Ìà Ø àATTORNEYS€FOR€DEFENDANT/APPELLEEÌÌÌÌÌÌÓ  ÓAFFIRMED€AS€MODIFIED,ÌAND€REMANDEDÌÌÓ  ÓÌÌÌÌññÑ&5ÑÑ7€æ<XXdìXXdì7ÑÑ€ ÑÑ  ÑÑ&5ÑÑ#€Xÿÿd#ÑÑ € ÑÑ  ÑññÌœññÐ h;¸67 Ðññ›ññÑ&5ÑÑ7€Ö~XXdìXXdì7ÑÑ€ ÑÑ  ÑññWILLIAM€B.€CAIN,€JUDGEÐ h;¸67w ÐÑ&5ÑÑ7€æ<XXdìXXdì7ÑÑ€ ÑÑ  ÑññÑ&5ÑÑ7€Ö~XXdìXXdì7ÑÑ€ ÑÑ  ÑññÓ  ÓÔ€„+–„¼¼Œ*ÔòòO€P€I€N€I€O€NóóÐ ° ÐÓ  ÓÌÓ€Óà Ø àÔ€¼Œ*¼„„+–ÔThis€appeal€presents€another€chapter€in€continuing€domestic€litigation€notÐ pÀ Ðlikely€to€end€with€this€appeal.ÌÌà Ø àJerry€Sommerville€("Mr.€Sommerville"€or€"Appellee")€and€HeidiÏSommerville€(now€Caluger)€("Ms.€Caluger"€or€"Appellant")€are€the€parents€of€twoÏdaughters,€Gericke€Sommerville€and€Kara€Sommerville.€€The€parties€entered€intoÏa€Marital€Dissolution€Agreement€on€February€12,€1994€which€was€incorporatedÏinto€a€Final€Decree€of€Divorce€entered€March€14,€1994.€€The€decree€provided€thatÏthe€Mother€would€have€custody€of€the€parties'€youngest€daughter€Kara€withÏvisitation€set€for€the€Father.€€The€older€child,€Gericke,€was€already€emancipatedÏat€the€time€of€the€divorce€and€attending€college.€€Jerry€Sommerville€was€to€payÏ$886.00€per€month€child€support€for€the€minor€child€Kara.ÌÌà Ø àIncluded€in€the€Marital€Dissolution€Agreement€was€a€provision€relative€toÏpost„secondary€education€for€both€of€the€daughters.ÌÌà Ø àThis€provision€stated:ÌÓ€Óà8 Ø àà 0 à15.€€Both€parties€acknowledge€and€agree€that€each€shall€beÏresponsible€for€payment€of€one„half€of€the€post„secondary€educationÏor€college€tuition€and€related€expenses€equivalent€to€an€in„schoolÏtuition,€so€long€as€the€child€shall€maintain€a€"C"€or€better€grade€pointÏaverage€or€its€equivalent€and€be€taking€at€least€one€half€of€a€full„time€Ïcredit€load,€making€the€normally€scheduled€progress€for€receivingÏtheir€baccalau[a]reate€degree,€diploma€or€certificate€of€completion€ofÏthe€program€and€so€long€as€the€child€has€not€married.€€Wife'sÏcontributions€to€the€post„secondary€education€may€be€"in„kind"€byÏproviding€shelter,€food€and€clothing€to€the€child€or€children.€€If€eitherÏchild€fails€to€maintain€the€foregoing€conditions€during€majority,€thenÏpayment€shall€cease.€€Should€the€child€cease€attending€school€orÏcollege€for€two€consecutive€semesters,€or€one€calendar€year,€with€theÏexception€of€a€medically€necessitated€absence,€neither€parent€shall€beÏliable€for€further€payments€for€college€expenses.€€Husband's€obli„¼gations€as€to€both€children's€post€secondary€education€shall€notÏexceed€a€maximum€of€$6,000.00€per€year,€(or€$500.00€per€month)Ïbeginning€March€1,€1994.€€In€the€event€that€the€Wife€shall€re„marryÏHusband's€aggregate€obligation€to€provide€for€the€post„secondaryÏeducation€of€the€two€children€of€this€marriage€shall€be€$10,000.00Ïper€year€(or€$834.00€per€month).Ð Ø ü!Ø ü! ÐÌÓ€ÓÐ è985: ÐThe€parties€acknowledged€that€the€$886.00€per€month€child€support€for€Kara€wasÏset€in€accordance€with€Tennessee€Department€of€Human€Services'€Child€SupportÏGuidelines.ÌÌà Ø àSuch€tranquility€as€may€have€been€produced€by€the€Marital€DissolutionÏAgreement€was€short€lived€and€on€September€9,€1994,€Mr.€Somerville€filed€aÏpetition€to€terminate€his€alimony€obligations€pursuant€to€Tennessee€CodeÏAnnotated€section€36„5„101(a)(3).€€By€order€of€November€28,€1994,€the€trial€courtÏterminated€his€alimony€obligation€and€Ms.€Caluger€promptly€appealed€with€theÏjudgment€of€the€trial€court€being€affirmed€in€òòò òSommerville€v.€Sommervilleó óóó,€No.Ð X Ð01„A„01„9502„CV„00070,€1995€WL€498743€(Tenn.€App.€1995),€and€the€caseÏbeing€remanded€to€the€trial€court.€€Pursuant€to€this€remand€on€March€8,€1996,€theÏtrial€court€granted€judgment€for€attorney€fees€against€Ms.€Caluger€in€the€amountÏof€$4,248.38.ÌÌà Ø àWhile€the€alimony€question€was€pending€on€appeal,€the€parties€could€notÏagree€on€the€meaning€of€section€15€of€the€Marital€Dissolution€Agreement,€and€inÏApril,€1995€Mr.€Sommerville€filed€a€petition€asking€the€trial€court€for€declaratoryÏjudgment€as€to€these€obligations.€€This€portion€of€the€problems€between€the€partiesÏwas€resolved€by€an€Agreed€Order€entered€May€14,€1996,€amending€the€MaritalÏDissolution€Agreement€so€that€paragraph€15€thereof,€as€amended,€provides:ÌÓ€Óà8 Ø à3.à 0 àThat€Paragraph€15€of€the€final€Decree€of€Divorce€shall€beÐ +&{!* Ðamended€as€follows:€€15.€€Both€parties€acknowledge€and€agree€thatÏeach€shall€be€responsible€for€payment€of€one„half€of€the€post„¼secondary€education€or€college€tuition€and€related€expensesÏequivalent€to€an€in„school€tuition,€so€long€as€the€child€shall€maintainÏa€"C"€or€better€grade€point€average€or€its€equivalent€and€be€taking€atÏleast€one€half€of€a€full„time€credit€load,€making€the€normallyÏscheduled€progress€for€receiving€their€baccalaureate€degree,€diplomaÏor€certificate€of€completion€of€the€program€and€so€long€as€the€childÏhas€not€married.€€Wife's€contributions€to€the€post„secondary€educa„¼tion€may€be€"in„kind"€by€providing€shelter,€food€and€clothing€to€theÏchild€or€children.€€If€either€child€fails€to€maintain€the€foregoingÏconditions€during€majority,€then€payment€shall€cease.€€Should€theÏchild€cease€attending€school€or€college€for€two€consecutiveÏsemesters,€or€one€calendar€year,€with€the€exception€of€a€medicallyÏnecessitated€absence,€neither€parent€shall€be€liable€for€furtherÏpayments€for€college€expenses.€€Husband's€obligations€as€to€bothÏchildren's€post€secondary€education€shall€not€exceed€a€maximum€ofÏ$6,000.00€per€year,€(or€$500.00€per€month)€beginning€March€1,Ð K9›4< Ð1994.€€In€the€event€that€the€Wife€shall€remarry€Husband's€aggregateÏobligation€to€provide€for€the€post„secondary€education€of€the€twoÏchildren€of€this€marriage€shall€be€$10,000.00€per€year€(or€$834.00Ïper€month).Ð Ø ü!Ø ü! Ðà8 Ø àà 0 àEither€the€child€attending€college€or€the€Wife€shall€provide€toÏHusband€documentation€at€the€beginning€of€each€semester/quarter€ofÏthe€child's€attendance,€courses€enrolled€and€costs€of€tuition€andÏrelated€expenses€within€thirty€days€of€the€beginning€of€theÏsemester/quarter.€€At€the€close€of€each€semester/quarter,€either€theÏchild€or€the€Wife€shall€submit€a€copy€of€the€report€of€coursesÏcompleted€and€grades€achieved€within€thirty€days€from€the€last€dayÏof€the€semester/quarter.€€Husband€shall€have€thirty€days€after€receiptÏof€the€course€report€to€reimburse€his€portion€as€described€above.€ÏReimbursement€may€be€made€to€the€institution€so€long€as€the€childÏwill€attend€such€institution€for€the€next€semester/quarter,€or€to€theÏchild,€if€the€child€has€provided€the€Husband€with€proof€that€she€hasÏalready€paid€the€institution€for€the€semester/quarter€previous€and€hasÏcompleted€the€course€of€study€at€that€institution.€€Failure€to€presentÏthe€required€information€within€sixty€days€of€date€due€shallÏconstitute€a€waiver€of€claim€for€payment.Ð Ø ü!Ø ü! ÐÌÓ€ÓÌà Ø àOn€September€30,€1996,€Ms.€Caluger€filed€a€petition€to€œincreaseñ ñmodify›Ïñ ññ ñ€ñ ñchildÏsupport€ññby€increasing€same€ññbecause€of€changed€circumstances€and€the€failure€of€Mr.€Sommerville€toÏexercise€visitation.€€In€the€following€month€Ms.€Caluger,€along€with€the€parties'Ïadult€child,€Gericke€Sommerville,€filed€a€petition€relative€to€the€amendedÏparagraph€15€of€the€Marital€Dissolution€Agreement€and€college€expenses.€€TheÏcase€was€heard€by€the€trial€judge€on€July€2,€1997,€and€on€September€2,€1997€theÏtrial€court€entered€its€findings€of€fact€and€conclusions€of€law€and€an€order€inÏconformity€therewith.€€Ms.€Caluger€and€Gericke€Sommerville€appealed.ÌÌI.à Ø àTHE€CHILD€SUPPORT€ISSUEÐ ð*@&) Ðà Ø àThe€issue€of€child€support€deals€only€with€the€daughter€Kara,€who€reachedÏ18€years€of€age€on€February€27,€1997€and€graduated€from€high€school€on€May€23,Ï1997.€€Any€increase€of€child€support€is€thus€limited€to€the€period€between€theÏfiling€of€the€petition€to€modify€on€September€30,€1996€and€the€graduation€of€KaraÏfrom€high€school€on€May€23,€1997.ÌÌññÌÌññà Ø àThe€trial€court€held:ÌÓ€Óà8 Ø àà 0 à3.à ˆ àAlthough€SOMMERVILLE'S€present€"draw"€is€moreÐ °739 Ðthan€his€prior€income,€his€Employment€Contract€requires€that€he€payÏback€to€his€employer€all€draws€in€excess€of€actual€commissions.€€ByÐ Ð9 5; Ðaffidavit€of€his€employer€(Exhibit€#9),€SOMMERVILLE€actuallyÏearned€$65,298.99€($5,441.58€per€month)€in€1996.€€He€has€earnedÏ$38,487.52€through€the€30th€of€June,€1997€for€the€year€1997,€whichÏcomputes€to€$5,747.92€per€month.€€His€present€income€is€less€thanÏthe€income€upon€which€the€original€support€obligation€was€based.€ÏSOMMERVILLE€has€not€asked€for€a€reduction€in€child€support€andÏthis€difference€in€income€would€not€be€sufficient€to€constitute€aÏ"substantial€variance"€in€any€case.Ð Ø ü!Ø ü! Ðà8 Ø àà 0 à4.à ˆ à€€No€increase€in€child€support€is€warranted€based€solelyÐ 0 € Ðupon€the€income€of€SOMMERVILLE.Ð Ø ü!Ø ü! Ðà8 Ø àà 0 à5.à ˆ àSubsequent€to€the€entry€of€the€Final€Decree€of€Divorce,Ð P   ÐSOMMERVILLE€did€not€exercise€all€of€the€visitation€which€hadÏbeen€provided€for€him€in€the€Decree,€which€was€one€weekend€aÏmonth,€six€weeks€in€the€summer€and€certain€holiday€times.€ÏHowever,€the€minor€child,€KARA€SOMMERVILLE,€testified€thatÏshe€did€not€always€want€to€go€for€visitation€as€a€result€of€herÏanimosity€toward€her€father€as€a€result€of€the€divorce€action€andÏCALUGER€testified€that€she€had€canceled€a€plane€trip€for€KARA€toÏsee€SOMMERVILLE€in€Ohio€due€to€a€family€emergency€for€whichÏSOMMERVILLE€had€sent€a€non„refundable€ticket.€€The€FinalÏDecree€provided€that€if€"òòeither€the€child€or€the€Husband€are€notÐ ð@ Ðavailable€for€visitation€for€at€least€one€weekend€per€month,€make„upÏtime€shall€be€scheduled€during€the€child's€Christmas,€Spring€BreakÏor€summer€school€breaks.óó"€€However,€no€make€up€time€was€madeÐ  p Ðavailable€to€SOMMERVILLE.Ð Ø ü!Ø ü! Ðà8 Ø àà 0 à6.à ˆ àCALUGER€produced€an€exhibit€at€trial€setting€forth€herÐ @ Ðposition€as€to€entitlement€to€increased€support€as€a€result€of€lack€ofÏvisitation,€but€testified€that€she€did€not€actually€incur€significantÏcosts€as€a€result€of€the€lack€of€visitation.Ð Ø ü!Ø ü! Ðà8 Ø àà 0 à7.à ˆ àThere€being€no€summer€visitation€between€the€monthsÐ €#Ð Ðof€October,€1996€and€May,€1997,€CALUGER€is€entitled€to€the€sumÏof€$100.00€per€month€for€the€missed€visitation,€resulting€in€aÏjudgment€against€SOMMERVILLE€for€the€sum€of€$800.00.€€Ð Ø ü!Ø ü! ÐÌÓ€Óà Ø àÌà Ø àReview€in€this€case€under€Rule€13(d)€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€AppellateÏProcedure€is€òòde€novoóó,€accompanied€by€a€presumption€of€correctness€as€to€the€trialÐ ,P'& Ðcourt's€findings€of€fact€unless€the€evidence€preponderates€to€the€contrary.€Ïò òòòLancaster€v.€Lancaster,ó óóó€671€S.W.2d€501,€502€(Tenn.€App.€1984).€€As€to€theÐ 0/€** Ðfindings€of€fact€upon€which€the€trial€court€set€a€$100.00€per€month€increase€inÏchild€support€for€the€eight€month€period€because€of€missed€visitation,€the€evidenceÏdoes€not€preponderate€against€the€trial€court€findings.ÌÌà Ø àWe€think€the€trial€court€erred,€however,€in€considering€the€"draw€deficit"Ïunder€the€"Jerry€Sommerville€Employment€Contract"€as€having€the€effect€ofÐ Ã846 Ðreducing€what€otherwise€would€be€gross€income.€€He€receives€a€monthly€draw€ofÏ$7,000.00€per€month,€all€of€which€is€reported€as€taxable€income,€with€noÏdeduction€for€draw€deficit.€€Pursuant€to€the€child€support€guidelines,€child€supportÏbased€on€$7,000.00€per€month€should€be€$1,029.00€as€opposed€to€the€$886.00€perÏmonth€paid€under€the€original€judgment.€€Tenn.€Comp.€R.€&€Reg.€r.€1240„2„4„¼.02(3)€(1994).€€This€amounts€to€an€increase€of€$143.00€per€month€for€a€period€ofÏeight€months€totaling€$1,144.00.€€When€coupled€with€the€$800.00€increase,€causedÏby€missed€visitation,€the€total€judgment€for€child€support€should€be€$1,944.00.ÌÌà Ø àAppellant€Caluger€contends€that€the€trial€court€erred€by€not€considering€theÏFather's€income€from€his€previous€employer,€the€Stolle€Corporation.€€JerryÏSomerville€testified€that€his€employment€at€the€Stolle€Corporation€ended€inÏFebruary,€1996.€€The€Mother€did€not€file€her€petition€until€September€30,€1996,Ïand€by€her€own€testimony€she€is€seeking€a€retroactive€increase€in€child€support€forÏthe€months€of€October,€1996€through€May,€1997.€€Therefore,€any€income€thatÏAppellee€received€from€the€Stolle€Corporation€is€immaterial€to€the€child€supportÏissue.ÌÌII.à Ø àTHE€AGREED€ORDERà D à€Ð `!°$ Ðà Ø àIn€the€Marital€Dissolution€Agreement,€Appellee€undertook€voluntaryÏobligations€relative€to€the€post„secondary€education€of€his€daughters.€€This€is€notÏan€obligation€that€can€be€imposed€by€law€for€"it€is€well€settled€that€a€parent€has€noÏlegal€duty€to€support€a€child€who€has€attained€majority."€€ò òòòHawkins€v.€Hawkinsó óóó,Ð À'#, Ð797€S.W.2d€897,€898€(Tenn.€App.€1990).€€Any€obligation€to€support€after€a€childÏhas€attained€majority€or€has€been€otherwise€emancipated€is€a€voluntary€contractualÏobligation€beyond€the€legal€duty€of€the€parent.€€ò òòòPenland€v.€Penlandó óóó,€521€S.W.2dÐ ‹,Û'2 Ð222,€224„25€(Tenn.€1975).ÌÌà Ø àThis€voluntary€obligation€assumed€in€the€parties'€Marital€DissolutionÏAgreement€dated€February€12,€1994€became€a€problem,€and€the€parties€submittedÏto€the€court€an€Agreed€Order€of€Modification€in€May€of€1996.€€This€modificationÏrequired€Appellant€Caluger€and€the€parties'€daughters€to€submit€documentationÏrelative€to€college€expenses.€€This€agreed€order€was€signed€by€Ms.€Caluger€and€byÏher€attorney€when€entered€May€14,€1996.€€This€agreed€order€was€contractual€inÐ N9ž4B Ðnature€and€does€not€merge€into€the€final€decree€in€the€same€manner€as€doÏprovisions€governing€child€support€for€minor€children.€€ò òòòBlackburn€v.€Blackburnó óóó,Ð H˜ Ð526€S.W.2d€463,€465„66€(Tenn.€1975);€ò òòòPenlandó óóó,€521€S.W.2d€at€224„25.Ð ã3 ÐÌà Ø àAppellants€filed€a€petition€to€modify€the€agreed€order€of€May€14,€1996Ïalleging€that€its€documentation€provisions€were€burdensome€and€unnecessary,€asÏwell€as€demeaning€and€invasive€of€the€children's€privacy.€€Appellants€further€filedÏa€Rule€60.02€motion€for€the€court€to€set€aside€the€agreed€order.€€The€trial€courtÏfound€correctly€that€the€agreed€order€was€contractual€in€nature€and€valid€and€thatÏthe€agreed€order€was€effective€as€a€contractual€modification€of€the€parties'€priorÏagreement.€€As€such€the€trial€court€held€the€agreed€order€was€not€void€and€deniedÏAppellants'€Rule€60.02€motion.€€We€agree€with€the€trial€court€action,€both€as€to€theÏpetition€to€modify€the€agreed€order€and€as€to€the€Rule€60.02€motion.ÌÌà Ø àIn€its€findings€of€fact€and€conclusions€of€law,€the€trial€court€found€that€theÏagreed€order's€requirement€that€Appellants€document€the€expenses€in€order€toÏobtain€reimbursement€from€the€Father€is€not€unreasonable.€€We€agree.€€The€courtÏfurther€held,€in€accordance€with€the€testimony€of€both€Ms.€Caluger€and€theÏdaughter€Gericke,€that€Appellants€have€not€complied€with€the€agreed€order€for€theÏfall€semester€of€1996€and€the€spring€semester€of€1997.€€After€carefully€ññandÏtediouslyÏññexaminingÏthe€submissions€of€the€parties€and€the€evidence,€much€of€which€involved€theÏcredibility€of€Appellants,€the€trial€court€concluded€that€Appellants€were€entitledÏto€a€judgment€for€Gericke's€college€expenses€in€the€amount€of€$597.70.€€TheÏevidence€does€not€preponderate€against€the€findings€of€the€trial€judge,€particularlyÏon€credibility€issues€where€the€trial€judge€is€in€the€best€position€to€makeÏjudgments.€€òòò òTenn.„Tex€Properties€v.€Brownell„Electro,€Inc.ó óóó,€778€S.W.2d€423Ð Ž,Þ'2 Ð(Tenn.€1989);€ò òòòWhitaker€v.€Whitakeró óóó,€957€S.W.2d€834€(Tenn.€App.€1997).€€WeÐ ).y)4 Ðtherefore€uphold€the€trial€court€award€of€$597.70€to€Appellants.ÌÌà Ø àAppellants€ask€the€court€to€resolve€certain€issues€which€might€impact€futureÏdealings€of€the€parties€under€the€contract€to€pay€for€the€children's€collegeÏeducation.€€Appellants€contend€that€Appellee€did€not€adhere€to€the€contractÏbecause€he€reimbursed€the€college€as€opposed€to€the€daughter.€€Indeed,€AppelleeÏconceded€that€he€sent€all€reimbursements€to€Gericke's€college€without€regard€toÐ T9¤4B Ðwhether€she€had€personally€paid€for€the€expenses.€€Appellants€contend€thatÏAppellee€was€in€the€wrong€pointing€to€the€following€language€of€the€AgreedÏOrder:€€ÌÓ€Óà8 Ø àReimbursement€may€be€made€to€the€institution€so€long€as€the€childÏwill€attend€such€institution€for€the€next€semester/quarter,€or€to€theÏchild,€if€the€child€has€provided€[Appellee]€with€proof€that€she€hasÏalready€paid€the€institution€for€the€semester/quarter€previous€and€hasÏcompleted€the€course€of€study€at€that€institution.€€Ð Ø ü!Ø ü! ÐÌÓ€ÓIt€is€significant€that€the€Agreement€uses€the€word€"may."€€Our€supreme€court€hasÏcompared€the€word€"shall"€to€the€word€"may"€stating€that€the€latter€"is€permissive,Ïand€operates€to€confer€a€discretion."€€ò òòòHoldredge€v.€City€of€Clevelandó óóó,€218€Tenn.Ð X Ð239,€402€S.W.2d€709,€713€(Tenn.€1966).€€We€find€that€in€light€of€this€language,Ïthe€Father€had€the€right€under€the€contract€to€reimburse€the€college€and€not€theÏchild€so€long€as€the€child€would€be€attending€the€institution€for€the€next€semester.€ÏIf€the€child€is€in€her€last€semester€at€a€college€such€that€Appellee's€reimbursementÏcan€not€be€used€by€her€as€a€credit€against€charges€by€that€school€in€the€future,€then,Ïupon€presentation€of€proof€that€she€has€already€paid€the€institution,€AppelleeÏshould€make€a€direct€payment€to€the€child.ÌÌIII.à Ø àATTORNEYS€FEESÐ c!³" Ðà Ø àThe€trial€court€awarded€attorney€fees€for€Jerry€Sommerville€in€the€amountÏof€$1,500.00.€€It€is€clear€that€the€trial€court€based€its€award€of€attorney€fees€onÏAppellants'€failure€to€present€documentation€of€Gericke's€college€expenses€asÏrequired€by€the€May,€1996€Agreed€Order.€€This€award€represents€a€portion€of€theÏfee€reflected€in€a€post„trial€attorney€fee€affidavit€which€Appellants€had€neither€theÏopportunity€to€contest€nor€the€opportunity€to€cross„examine.€€The€award€ofÏattorney€fees€is€not€justified€by€the€proof€in€the€record.€€ò òòòConners€v.€Connersó óóó,€594Ð ‹,Û'0 ÐS.W.2d€672€(Tenn.€1980).€€The€$1,500.00€attorneys€fee€awarded€to€Appellee€isÏdisallowed.€Ì€€ÌIV.à Ø àRESTRAINING€ORDERÐ î2>.8 Ðà Ø àThe€infinite€patience€and€restraint€of€the€learned€trial€judge€in€this€case€isÏcertainly€commendable.€€This€father€undertook€a€voluntary€obligation€to€assist€hisÏdaughters€in€post„secondary€education.€€The€attitude€of€the€daughters,€mirroringÏas€it€does,€the€attitude€of€their€mother,€is€callous€and€unfortunate.€€Witness€theÐ N9ž4@ Ðtestimony€of€Gericke:Ìà8 Ø àòòBY€MS.€DUNNINGóó:ÐH˜Ø ü!Ø ü! ÐÓ€Óà8 Ø àà 0 àQ.à ˆ àDid€you€or€did€you€not€tell€me€at€your€deposition€thatÐ à0 Ðyou€had€not€applied€for€any€more€scholarships€because€you€had€beenÏturned€down€twice€in€the€past€and€you€didn't€want€the€rejectionÏagain.€€And€I€quote,€"And€besides,€it€would€only€give€my€dad€anÏexcuse€to€pay€less€if€I€got€a€scholarship"?€€Did€you€say€that€to€me€atÏyour€deposition?Ð Ø ü!Ø ü! Ðà8 Ø àà 0 àA.à ˆ àI€also€seem€to€remember€retracting€it,€saying,€no,€andÐ @  Ðthen€changing€my€statement.Ð Ø ü!Ø ü! Ðà8 Ø àà 0 àQ.à ˆ àYou€retracted€it?Ð`° Ø ü!Ø ü! Ðà8 Ø àà 0 àA.à ˆ àI€seem€to€remember€changing€my€answer.ÐpÀ Ø ü!Ø ü! Ðà8 Ø àà 0 àQ.à ˆ àBut€did€you€make€the€statement€to€me,€that€you€didn'tÐ €Ð  Ðapply€for€scholarships€because€it€would€just€give€your€dad€an€excuseÏto€pay€less?Ð Ø ü!Ø ü! Ðà8 Ø àà 0 àA.à ˆ àI€had€said€that€statement.€€I€believe€that€my€father,Ð ° Ðthrough€all€of€this€we've€gone€through,€is€trying€to€avoid€paying€myÏstudent€tuition€„„Ð Ø ü!Ø ü! ÐÌÌÓ€Óà Ø àThe€trial€court€òòsua€sponte€óóissued€a€restraining€order€restraining€AppellantÐ P ÐCaluger€from€interfering€with€the€visitation€privileges€of€the€Father€with€theÏdaughter€Kara.€€At€the€time€of€this€final€order€on€September€3,€1997,€Kara€hadÏattained€her€majority€and€being€thus€emancipated€was€not€the€subject€of€visitationÏrights.€€The€restraining€order€will€be€dissolved.ÌÌV.à Ø àCONCLUSIONÐ $à" Ðà Ø à1.à 0 àAppellant€Heidi€Caluger€is€awarded€judgment€against€Appellee€forÐ (&x!$ Ðretroactive€child€support€in€the€amount€of€$1,944.00.Ìà Ø à2.à 0 àThe€record€indicates€a€previous€judgment€in€favor€of€JerryÐ X)¨$( ÐSommerville€against€Heidi€Caluger€in€the€amount€of€$4,248.38€under€date€ofÏMarch€8,€1996.€€The€record€further€shows€that€partial€payment€on€thisÏindebtedness€was€made€on€June€16,€1997€with€a€balance€due€as€of€July€2,€1997,Ïincluding€post„judgment€interest€of€$555.29.€€We€agree€therefore€with€the€findingsÏof€fact€of€the€trial€court€in€this€respect€and€the€$555.29€judgment€therefore€will€beÏoffset€against€the€$1,944.00€judgment€for€retroactive€child€support.€€Ìà Ø à3.à 0 àThe€award€by€the€trial€court€of€$597.70€in€judgment€to€AppellantsÐ €4Ð/6 Ðrelative€to€college€expenses€for€Gericke€is€affirmed.Ìà Ø à4.€à 0 àThe€attorney€fees€of€$1,500.00€awarded€to€Jerry€Sommerville€isÐ °73: Ðdisallowed.Ð H9˜4< Ðà Ø à5.à 0 àThe€restraining€order€issued€relative€to€visitation€with€Kara€isÐ ° Ðdissolved.ÌÌà Ø àSubject€to€the€modifications€heretofore€set€forth,€the€trial€court€judgmentÏis€affirmed€and€the€case€is€remanded€to€the€trial€court€for€such€further€proceedingsÏas€may€be€necessary.€€In€its€discretion,€the€court€taxes€all€costs€of€appeal€againstÏAppellants.ÌÌÌÌÓ€Óà Ø àà 0 àà ˆ àà à àà D à_______________________________Ìà Ø àà 0 àà ˆ àà à àà D àññÔ€XÖ~X¼¼,bÔññWILLIAM€B.€CAIN,€JUDGEÐ ° ÐÌÌññÌññCONCUR:ÌÌÌ___________________________________ññ_______ññÌññÔ€XÖ~X¼¼,bÔññBEN€H.€CANTRELL,€PRESIDING€JUDGE,M.S.à è àÐ ` ÐÌÌ_________________________________________ññ_ññÌWILLIAM€C.€KOCH,€JR.,€JUDGEÌÌ