ÿWPCs  þ‚Æ,vý›óÃÇÉ‚wÜê!3ñ“%ÂåÜon»,}y•¢XàR¡¤É»a¡Ù~Õ3ç-ݰœ¹®O}ÂêŒo"kwú•ÜÍvÑXª^T9A »&UŒ Z´´Ã{pÉcUc)/ÞTѤ#9‚2 ÿö X¦’†˜R‚Ãs'©ßZÛ4¶þ€;A {D [¿=™WG6¸ìZ!¬w´¥ûšùÅÅ6‡)˜ž\í£Ì¹öލ ÜÕ«à‘²Ô‚1†æÑ(‘}pÖ‹€V¥]SG®øÞ§µK€µe8qGúwÞð†Q áÝbY¡ÆN§Â n¤$O¯u&ŒÒù«ž6.z+TË7,ú¿ùÑ5+‘j-Ì ƒy0ÃO§9»Hú:À8Uß“éI¨ð5W+A¶ó+„.y\&p/ëx¤ãø¥ŸNi½>Íî£&}4µ øtÖÉ‹ž©& f 5¿Q±Æg±:ú­D…Áz5¥qίŸ†?°ÚËÃ3õÖäR{ÓGóp)ãƒ,ùÁ}¼+yÝ—Ú0o"3½s1Òi!Æ”ÄË…»uÓñMSôÂ3„;}Ö½Ó屜¤Á¸IA¸rZ¤­õO.ì'ÊÁ”NÜŽVÈ@PÄ.yéøcÕS ²*# LU>W %• 0(›4Ã׿æU Nî:< 0lv 0DâU:&L``b¬w@´´´´´´´´´´´´´´ Bô AQ Æb 0D( 0Dl 0D° ° D/ô ô B# D3@ ˜HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLlÎ<èÀ( 9Z &Courier RegularX($¡¡ê‚_# x°°3|xù öÝ ƒ"¯"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€ XÚXXXÔÔ€ !X XÚÔÓ  Óò òÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€ XÚX !ÔÐ  ÐÌJuly€10,€1998ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔdAhÔó ó(ÖÃ9 Z ‹6Times New Roman Regular 0Ñ#€ m Xÿÿd#ÑÑ € Ñ((3üÝ$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial RegularC:\OFFICE\WPWIN\TEMPLATE\STANDARD.WPT- ù- çeèéêëìíPîDïÓ€ù d!"#$&Cþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó(('÷ÿ dxdüÿP Pd'ÿÿdxdÝ ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýñçñ›ñçññçññæñ›ñæññçñÒ€°ÒÒ„°ÒÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÓ*°,X‚Xìp’X°œX*ÓÑ  ÑÔ€ X}XXXÔÑ7€›óXXdÈXXdð7ÑÔ€ ¼×F¼X X}ÔÑ€ .–Ñœñùññùññùññïñœñïñßr€ )<,(j 8` `€€@Eô±` 8ttxP,°ð  rßñùññïññïñCONNIE›€LEWIS€THOMASSON€à ¼ à)Ð ° Ð(PAGE),à ¼ à)Ð À Ðà Ø àà ¼ à)ÌÓ9°,X‚XìDÈ‘X°,X‚Xìp’X9Óà Ø àPlaintiff/Appellee,à ¼ à)à  àAppeal€No.Ð à0 Ðñùññùñà Ø àà ¼ à)à  à01„A„01„9706„CV„00273Ð ð@ Ðv.à Ø àà ¼ à)Ð  P Ðà Ø àà ¼ à)à  àCoffee€CircuitÐ  ` ÐñùññùñJOSEPH€RICHARD€THOMASSON,à ¼ à)à  àNo.€22,238Ð  p Ðñùñœßt€ )>.*jx^S` `€€@ERƒ ` 8ttxPŠ0 ð S tß›ñùñà Ø àà ¼ à)Ìà Ø àDefendant/Appellant.à ¼ à)Ð @  Ðà Ø àà ¼ à)ÌÌÌÔ€ »WE»¼ ¼×FÔÓ  ÓCOURT€OF€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÐ €Ð  ÐÌÌAPPEAL€FROM€THE€CIRCUIT€COURT€FOR€COFFEE€COUNTYÌÌAT€MANCHESTER,€TENNESSEEÌÌÌTHE€HONORABLE€GERALD€L.€EWELL,€SR.,€JUDGEÌÓ9°,X‚Xì“X°,X‚XìDÈ‘X9ÓÌÓ  ÓÌÔ€ ¼×F¼» »WEÔW.€DAVID€KELLEYÐ 0€ ÐHaynes,€Hull,€Rieder,€&€Ewell,€P.A.Ì214€North€Atlantic€StreetÌTullahoma,€Tennessee€€37388ÌÌRANDALL€W.€MORRISONÌ115€West€Lincoln€StreetÌP.€O.€Box€467ÌTullahoma,€Tennessee€€37388Ìà Ø àATTORNEYS€FOR€PLAINTIFF/APPELLEEÌÌÌROGER€J.€BEANÌMARK€W.€BELLÌHenry,€McCord,€Bean€&Ì€€Miller,€P.L.L.C.Ì300€North€Jackson€StreetÌP.€O.€Box€538ÌTullahoma,€Tennessee€€37388à ¼ àÐ P1 ,* Ðà Ø àATTORNEYS€FOR€DEFENDANT/APPELLANTÌÌÌÌÓ  ÓREVERSED€AND€REMANDEDÌÌÌñïñÑ .–ÑÑ7€ } XXdìXXdÈ7ÑÑ€ÑÑ  ÑÑ .–ÑÑ#€ m Xÿÿd#ÑÑ € ÑÑ  ÑñïñÌÓ  Óà @ àà @ì àWILLIAM€B.€CAIN,€JUDGEÐ à:063 ÐÑ .–ÑÑ7€ } XXdìXXdÈ7ÑÑ€ÑÑ  ÑñïñÑ .–ÑÑ7€ s XXdìXXdÈ7ÑÑ€ÑÑ  ÑñïñÌÓÓÓ  ÓòòÔ‡ °º)°¼ ¼×FÔOPINIONóóÐ À ÐÓ  ÓÔ#† ¼×F¼° °º)˜ #ÔÓ€ÓÓ9°,X°4ì“X°,X‚Xì“X9Óà  àAppellant€Joseph€Richard€ñæññâñœñâññæñThomassonñæññâñ›ñâññæñ,€Jr.€appeals€a€judgment€of€the€trialÐ d ´ Ðcourt€holding€him€to€be€in€criminal€contempt€for€refusal€to€comply€with€courtÏordered€visitation€relative€to€his€two€minor€sons€and€his€former€wife,€appelleeÏConnie€Lewis€ñæññâñœñâññæñThomassonñæññâñ›ñâññæñ.ÌÌà  àBecause€of€failure€to€comply€with€the€safeguards€of€Rule€42(b)€of€theÏTennessee€Rules€of€Criminal€Procedure,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€must€beÏreversed.ÌÌà  àThe€parties,€formerly€husband€and€wife,€are€the€parents€of€JosephÏRichard€ñæññâñœñâññæñThomassonñæññâñ›ñâññæñ,€now€seventeen€years€of€age,€and€Mark€Lewis€ñæññâñœñâññæñThomassonñæññâñ›ñâññæñ,Ïnow€fifteen€years€of€age.ÌÌà  àThe€parties€were€divorced€December€21,€1988€under€a€court€approvedÏMarital€Dissolution€Agreement€whereby€custody€of€the€minor€children€was€vestedÏin€the€appellee€with€respect€to€the€school€year,€with€two€weekends€per€monthÏvisitation€of€the€children€with€appellant.€€This€arrangement€was€reversed€in€theÏsummer€months€with€appellant€having€physical€custody€of€the€minor€children€andÏappellee€having€visitation€every€other€weekend.€€The€exchange€of€the€children€wasÏto€take€place€in€ñæññâñœñâññæñWaverlyñæññâñ›ñâññæñ,€Tennessee,€which€is€approximately€halfway€between€theÏhome€of€the€appellee€in€ñæññâñœñâññæñCordovañæññâñ›ñâññæñ,€Tennessee,€and€the€home€of€the€appellant€inÏñæññâñœñâññæñTullahomañæññâñ›ñâññæñ,€Tennessee.ÌÌà  àIn€March€of€1992,€the€court€entered€an€order€granting€custody€of€the€twoÏminor€children€to€the€appellant,€Mrs.€Page,€with€appellee,€Dr.€ñæññâñœñâññæñThomassonñæññâñ›ñâññæñ€havingÏthe€children€during€the€summer.€€The€court€then€returned€custody€to€Mrs.€Page€onÏJanuary€1,€1993.€€ÌÌà  àFor€the€summer€of€1995€the€children€came€to€stay€with€their€father€forÏsummer€visitation€and€Mrs.€Page€agreed€to€allow€the€children€to€remain€with€Dr.ÏñæññâñœñâññæñThomassonñæññâñ›ñâññæñ€when€school€started€in€the€fall€of€1995.€€Dr.€ñæññâñœñâññæñThomassonñæññâñ›ñâññæñ€refused€to€fileÐ 49„4? Ða€petition€for€change€of€custody,€so€Mrs.€Page€ultimately€filed€a€petition€advisingÏthe€court€of€the€custody€arrangement€in€November€of€1995.€€One€of€the€purposesÏof€filing€this€petition€was€to€set€up€specific€visitation€privileges€for€Mrs.€Page.ÌÌà  àIn€July€of€1996€this€petition€came€on€for€hearing€and€resulted€in€anÏagreed€order€entered€July€17,€1996,€containing€in€relevant€part,€the€followingÏprovisions:€€à ¼ àÐ @  ÐÓ€ÓÓE"° ,X°4Œ ™ ì X°,X°4ì“XEÓà8  àà \ à1.à i àCustody€of€the€minor€children,€JOSEPHÐ Ø(  ÐRICHARD€ñæññâñœñâññæñTHOMASSONñæññâñ›ñâññæñ€AND€MARK€LEWISÏTHOMASSON,€shall€be€vested€jointly€in€the€parties,€with€theÏprimary€physical€custody€being€vested€in€the€Respondent,ÏJOSEPH€RICHARD€THOMASSON,€JR.Ð  Ð  Ð  Ðà8  àà \ à2.à i àDuring€the€vacation€of€the€children€from€schoolÐ (x Ðin€the€summer,€the€children€shall€reside€with€the€Petitioner,Ïbeginning€the€first€Sunday€evening€after€school€is€out.€€TheÏRespondent€shall€have€visitation€the€weekend€of€Father's€DayÏin€June€and€the€first€two€(2)€weeks€in€July.€€JOSEPH€will€beÏreturned€to€the€Respondent€in€time€for€band€camp€and€MARKÏwill€be€returned€the€€Sunday€prior€to€the€commencement€ofÏPetitioner's€in„service.Ð  Ð  Ð  Ðà8  àà \ àà i àDuring€the€school€year,€the€Petitioner€shall€haveÏvisitation€with€the€minor€children€every€other€weekendÏbeginning€the€second€weekend€after€Mark's€return€to€theÏRespondent€before€the€start€of€school.€€Visitation€will€com„¼mence€on€Friday€afternoon€at€7:30€p.m.€until€5:00€p.m.€onÏSunday€(6:00€p.m.€if€the€children€do€not€attend€school€theÏfollowing€Monday).€€All€exchanges€will€continue€to€be€madeÏin€Waverly,€both€during€the€school€year€and€during€theÏsummer€as€the€parties€have€previously€done.€€AllowancesÏshall€be€made€for€football€games€at€which€Joseph€plays€in€theÏband€either€by€commencing€visitation€for€both€children€atÏ10:00€a.m.€on€Saturday€morning€or€by€bringing€Joseph€toÏWaverly€on€Sunday€at€the€time€of€the€exchange€when€mark€isÏreturned€so€that€Joseph€may€also€visit€with€the€Petitioner€atÏthat€time.Ð  Ð  Ð  Ðà8  àà \ à3.à i àThe€Petitioner€shall€have€visitation€from€the€timeÐ ˜-è(* Ðthe€children€are€out€of€school€for€Christmas€vacation€untilÏ6:00€p.m.€on€Christmas€Day.€€The€[c]hildren€shall€then€beÏwith€the€Respondent€until€they€return€to€school.Ð  Ð  Ð  Ðà8  àà \ à4.à i àThe€major€holidays€of€Easter€and€ThanksgivingÐ Ø1(-. Ðshall€continue€to€be€alternated.€€The€Petitioner€shall€have€theÏchildren€for€visitation€on€Mother's€Day€weekend.€€The€holidayÏschedule€will€take€precedence€over€the€every€other€weekendÏvisitation€schedule.€€If€a€holiday€weekend€deprives€eitherÏparty€of€a€regularly€scheduled€weekend,€then€that€person€shallÏhave€visitation€with€the€children€the€following€weekend€andÏevery€other€weekend€thereafter.ÐH9˜45 Ð  Ð  ЇÓ€ÓÌà  àOn€December€31,€1996,€appellee€filed€her€petition€seeking€to€hold€theÏappellant€in€contempt€for€refusing€to€honor€the€visitation€schedule€set€out€in€theÏagreed€order€entered€July€17,€1996.ÌÌà  àAppellant€answered€the€petition€for€contempt€by€denying€the€allegationsÏthereof€and€on€June€5,€1997€filed€a€counter„petition€seeking€modification€of€theÏprevious€visitation€schedule.€€In€this€counter„petition€appellant€alleged:ÌÓ€Óà8  àà \ à1.à i àCounter„Petitioner€adopts€the€history€of€this€causeÐ pÀ  Ðas€outlined€and€described€in€the€Petition€as€filed€herein.Ð  Ð  Ð  Ðà8  àà \ à2.à i àYour€Counter„Petitioner€would€show€that€sinceÐ à Ðthe€entering€of€the€previous€orders€of€this€Court€there€has€beenÏa€significant€and€substantial€change€of€circumstance€in€that€theÏparties'€minor€sons€to€wit:€€Joseph€Richard€Thomasson€16Ïyears€of€age€and€Mark€Lewis€Thomasson€14€years€of€age€haveÏestablished€themselves€in€the€"Tullahoma€area,"€[sic]€haveÏacquired€numerous€friends€and€social€relationships,€areÏcurrently€involved€in€school€activities€and€otherwise€and€thatÏit€is€not€their€desire,€nor€is€it€in€their€manifest€best€interest,€toÏbe€required€to€spend€almost€all€of€their€school€vacation€timeÏduring€the€summer€months€in€Memphis,€Tennessee€with€theirÏmother,€Counter„Respondent€herein.Ð  Ð  Ð  Ðà8  àà \ àœñîññíñà i àñíññîñYour›€Counter„Petitioner€would€show€that€he€in€no€wayÏwishes€nor€desires€to€interfere€with€the€visitation€as€previouslyÏordered€by€this€court€and€does€not€discourage€visitationÏbetween€the€parties'€minor€sons€and€Counter„Respondent.€€InÏfact,€your€Counter„Petitioner€would€show€that€he€encouragesÏthe€parties'€minor€sons€to€visit€with€the€Counter„RespondentÏbut€it€is€not€their€desire€to€spend€almost€all€of€their€summerÏvacation€with€Counter„Respondent€in€Memphis,€Tennessee.Ð  Ð  Ð  Ðà8  àà \ à3.à i àYour€Counter„Petitioner€would€show€that€theÐ Ð( $& Ðparties'€minor€sons€have€attempted,€over€the€past€severalÏmonths,€to€contact€Counter„Respondent€and€express€theirÏdesire€to€Counter„Respondent€of€matters€concerning€visitationÏhowever,€on€more€occasions€than€most,€Counter„RespondentÏrefuses€to€accept€their€telephone€calls,€facsimiles€or€e„mails.€ÏIn€fact,€your€Counter„Petitioner€would€show€that€the€Counter„¼Respondent€has€had€very€little€contact€with€the€parties'€minorÏsons€over€the€past€several€months.Ð  Ð  Ð  Ðà8  àà \ à4.à i àYour€Counter„Petitioner€would€show€that€itÐ `2°-/ Ðwould€be€in€the€interest€of€justice€and€in€the€manifest€bestÏinterest€of€the€parties'€minor€sons€(and€the€parties'€minor€sonsÏar[e]€both€desirous)€and€Counter„Petitioner€so€moves€thisÏHonorable€Court€to€allow€said€minor€sons€of€the€parties€toÏtestify€in€the€Court's€chambers,€or€otherwise,€to€express€theirÏdesires€to€the€Court€with€absolutely€no€intention€to€offendÏeither€Counter„Petitioner€or€Counter„Respondent€byÐ Ð9 56 Ðexpressing€their€desires€toward€visitation€with€Counter„¼Respondent.Ð  Ð  Ð  ÐÌÌÓ€Óà  àBoth€the€petition€and€the€counter„petition€came€on€for€hearing€before€theÏtrial€court€and€resulted€in€an€opinion€and€decree€of€June€20,€1997€whereby€the€trialÏcourt€held€appellant€to€be€in€civil€contempt€of€court,€ordered€him€confined€to€theÏCoffee€County€Jail€for€a€period€of€ten€days,€and€to€pay€a€$50.00€fine€with€all€butÏ48€hours€of€the€ten€day€sentence€being€suspended,€and€the€appellant€ordered€to€jailÏfor€a€period€of€48€hours,€commencing€June€27,€1997.€€Appellant€was€also€orderedÏto€pay€attorney's€fees€to€counsel€for€the€appellee.ÌÌà  àReviewing€the€record€leading€up€to€the€civil€contempt€finding€of€JuneÏ20,€1997,€it€is€not€difficult€to€understand€why€the€learned€trial€judge€took€a€dimÏview€of€the€conduct€of€the€appellant€during€the€eleven€months€that€elapsedÏbetween€the€agreed€order€of€July€17,€1996€and€the€hearing€in€June€1997,€whichÏresulted€in€the€finding€of€civil€contempt.ÌÌà  àThe€assertion€by€the€appellant€in€his€counter„petition€of€June€5,€1997Ïthat:€€"Your€counter„petitioner€would€show€that€he€in€no€way€wishes€nor€desiresÏto€interfere€with€the€visitation€as€previously€ordered€by€this€court€and€does€notÏdiscourage€visitation€between€the€parties'€minor€sons€and€counter„respondent,"€isÏan€affront€to€the€court€and€completely€without€support€in€the€record.ÌÌà  àFar€more€revealing€is€the€letter€written€by€the€appellant€to€the€appelleeÏon€October€4,€1996,€over€two€months€after€the€entry€of€the€agreed€order.€€In€thisÏletter€appellant€attempts€to€obtain€through€condescension€what€he€should€haveÏobtained€through€judicial€process.€€Says€the€appellant:ÌÓ€Óà8  à.€.€.€.€We€have€tried€to€work€this€out€and€you€continue€to€beÏdifficult.€€This€can€not€continue€in€this€manner.€€The€boysÏneed€to€be€able€to€have€a€real€life.€€They€have€sent€you€theirÏschedules€and€you€persist€in€saying€that€their€plans€areÏunimportant.€€Mark€is€part€€of€the€band€program.€€You€haveÏalways€known€that€he€was€in€the€band.€€Why€is€it€so€difficultÏfor€you€to€accept€that€he€is€doing€this?...€€Both€boys€wouldÏlike€a€better€visitation€situation.€€Every€other€weekend€is€notÏgoing€to€work€for€them.€€They€have€never€agreed€with€that.€ÏI€realize€that€you€and€I€agreed€to€that€€schedule€but€they€did€Ð Ð9 5> Ðnot€€and€they€do€not€want€to€be€forced€to€cancel€all€of€theirÐ Ð9 5> Ðactivities€just€to€satisfy€our€agreement.Ð  Ð  Ð  Ðà8  àà \ àThey€both€have€serious€conflicts€with€every€otherÏweekend.€€They€say€it€is€too€far€to€go€that€often.€€They€wouldÏmuch€prefer€being€able€to€have€the€freedom€to€be€able€to€callÏyou€up€and€plan€visits€to€suit€all€of€your€needs.€€You€have€theÏschool€schedule€and€they€would€like€to€be€able€to€tell€about€allÏof€the€other€things€they€are€doing.€€You€could€all€then€sitÏdown€a[n]d€plan€visits€that€would€be€pleasant€for€all€and€theyÏwould€not€feel€"forced"€to€visit€you.Ð  Ð  Ð  Ðà8  àà \ àFlexibility€should€be€applied€to€visits....€€Let's€face€it,Ïthe€boys€are€no€longer€children.€€They€live€a€different€life€thanÏthey€did€two€or€three€years€ago.€€The€same€rules€do€not€applyÏto€teenagers€as€they€did€with€10€and€12€year€olds.€€It€wouldÏstand€to€reason€that€the€visitation€rules€would€also€have€toÏchange....€€Can€you€really€say€that€it€is€in€their€best€interest€toÏhave€to€give€all€this€up?€€Don't€you€want€the€best€for€yourÏboys?€€Of€course€you€do....Ð  Ð  Ð  Ðà8  àà \ àI€do€realize€that€we€signed€an€agreement€for€these€everyÏother€weekend€visits.€€Would€you€be€willing€to€change€thatÏagreement€so€that€the€boys€will€feel€like€they€can€have€a€life?€ÏThey€would€prefer€an€agreement€that€did€not€specify€certainÏweekends.€€How€would€you€feel€about€that?€€If€the€agreementÏmerely€stated€"liberal€visitation".€€The€summer€is€also€goingÏto€be€an€issue.€€That€will€need€to€be€changed€also.€€Joseph€hasÏalready€expressed€his€intent€to€work€this€summer.€€I€know€youÏare€aware€of€this€as€well.€€He€will€not€be€able€to€live€with€youÏthe€summer€months€as€stated€in€the€agreement.€€He€wants€toÏvisit€as€he€can€arrange€it.€€Mark€of€course€will€not€be€workingÏbut€he€too€has€expressed€concerns€about€being€away€allÏsummer.€€He€is€older€now€and€does€not€want€to€miss€all€of€hisÏfriends.€€This€is€another€area€in€which€you€can€not€simplyÏreverse€what€we€did€in€the€past.€€I€realize€that€the€boys€didÏcome€and€stay€here€all€summer.€€They€were€younger€and€didÏnot€have€activities€as€they€do€now.€€Please€realize€that€this€hasÏnothing€to€do€with€you€or€me€as€their€parents.€€They€love€usÏequally€but€we€are€no€longer€the€center€of€their€lives.€€This€isÏa€normal€part€of€growing€up.€€We€would€be€very€foolish€toÏattempt€to€force€them€away€from€their€friends€and€toÏconcentrate€on€us.€€This€is€the€time€for€us€to€take€a€back€seatÏand€watch€and€be€proud.Ð  Ð  Ð  Ðà  à.€.€.€.Ìà8  àà \ àÐ  Ð  Ð  ÐñéñÓ€Óñéñà  àThe€foregoing€is€but€a€part€of€the€evidence€heard€by€the€trial€court€whichÏled€to€the€June€20,€1997€judgment€of€the€court€finding€Dr.€Thomasson€to€be€inÏwillful€civil€contempt€of€the€agreed€order€of€the€court€entered€on€July€17,€1996.€ÏAs€said€by€the€trial€court:ÌÌñêñÓ€Óñêñà8  àà \ àIt€can€be€gleaned€from€this€record€by€implication€on€theÐ H9˜44 Ðone€hand€and€on€the€other€hand€by€statement€of€the€oldest€sonÏthat€their€father€allowed€these€children€to€enroll€in€programsÏthat€he€knew€would€interfere€and€in€effect€prevent€theÏimplementation€of€his€agreement€with€his€former€wife€andÏwith€the€Court.€€Mrs.€Page€has€accurately€stated€"I€have€hadÏto€take€what€I€have€been€given€and€tried€to€make€it€go,"€and€asÏthanks€for€her€efforts€in€trying€to€accommodate€theseÏwonderful€young€men€she€is€in€effect€cast€by€defendantÏThomasson€as€the€"bad€guy"€from€the€very,€very€first€weekendÏvisitation€which€she€did€not€get.€€Defendant€Thomasson€callsÏMrs.€Page's€efforts€to€be€agreeable€"on„going€negotiations"Ïbetween€her€and€the€children€„€the€Court€does€not€think€so.€ÏShe€had€to€take€what€she€could€get,€and€as€stated€by€one€orÏmaybe€both€of€the€boys€there€were€times€when€"we€just€couldÏnot€go."€€They€were€both€wrong€„€they€could€have€gone€andÏshould€have€gone,€and€the€only€impediment€to€them€going€wasÏtheir€father's€failure€and€refusal€to€insist€that€they€do€go€toÏvisit€their€mother.Ð  Ð  Ð  ÐÌÌœñéñÓ€Óñéñ›ñëñÓ€Óñëñà  àUp€to€this€point,€the€record€in€this€case€amply€supports€the€action€of€theÏtrial€court€in€finding€the€appellant€to€be€in€civil€contempt.ÌÌà  àThe€problem€starts€with€the€sentence€imposed€by€the€court.€€TheÏjudgment€provides:ÌœñêñÓ€Óñêñ›ñìñÓ€Óñìñà8  àAccordingly€the€court€finds€that€defendant€Thomasson€is€inÏwillful€civil€contempt€of€the€agreed€order€entered€July€17,Ï1996€in€that€he€has€failed,€neglected€and€willfully€refused€toÏcomply€therewith€when€he€had€the€ability€to€do€so,€and€theÏcourt€holds€and€finds€òòbeyond€a€reasonable€doubtóó€thatÐ (&x!" Ðdefendant€Thomasson€is€in€contempt€of€the€agreed€order€ofÏJuly€17,€1996,€and€orders€that€he€be€incarcerated€in€the€CoffeeÏCounty€Jail€for€a€period€of€ten€(10)€days€and€that€appellantÏpay€a€fine€of€fifty€dollars€($50.00)€together€with€the€costs€ofÏthis€proceeding.€€All€but€forty„eight€(48)€hours€of€thisÏcontempt€sentence€will€be€suspended€and€the€defendantÏThomasson€is€ordered€to€report€to€the€sheriff€of€CoffeeÏCounty€to€begin€serving€the€aforesaid€forty„eight€(48)€hoursÏconsecutively€at€6:00€p.m.€Friday€June€27,€1997.€€(emphasisÏadded)Ð  Ð  Ð  ÐÌÌÓ€Óà  àIf€this€is€indeed€a€finding€of€civil€contempt€it€contains€no€provisionÏwhereby€the€appellant€may€purge€his€contempt€by€compliance€with€the€order.ÌÌà  àIf€the€order€finding€the€defendant€in€contempt€".€.€.€beyond€a€reasonableÐ À845 Ðdoubt€.€.€."€is€intended€to€be€criminal€contempt€then€the€safeguards€of€the€Tenn.€R.Ïof€Cr.€P.€42(b)€must€have€been€accorded€to€the€appellant.Ìà  à€€Ìà  àThis€court€has€held€in€a€similar€context:ÌÓ€Óà8  àà \ à[2]à i àThe€contempt€of€which€the€appellant€was€accusedÐ  ` Ðis€clearly€criminal€contempt.€€Criminal€contempts€are€punitiveÏin€nature€and€the€purpose€of€criminal€contempt€proceedings€isÏto€vindicate€the€authority€of€the€law€and€the€court€as€an€organÏof€society.€€òòShiflet€v.€Stateóó,€217€Tenn.€690,€400€S.W.2d€542Ð P   Ð(1966).€€A€civil€contempt€is€one€where€a€person€refuses€toÏobey€a€court€order€and€punishment€is€inflicted€to€compelÏobedience;€when€the€party€has€obeyed€he€or€she€will€beÏdischarged.€€In€effect€the€contemner€"carries€the€keys€to€theÏjail€in€his€or€her€own€pocket."€€òòShillitani€v.€United€Statesóó,€384Ð  ð ÐU.S.€364,€86€S.Ct.€1531,€16€L.Ed.2d€622€(1966).€Ð  Ð  Ð  ÐÌò òòòCrabtree€v.€Crabtreeó óóó,€716€S.W.2d€923,€925€(Tenn.€App.€1986).Ð Ð  ÐÌÓ€Óà  àÌà  àFollowing€the€entry€of€the€June€20,€1997€order,€appellant€filed€his€noticeÏof€appeal.ÌÌà  àOn€June€26,€1997,€without€further€hearing,€the€trial€court€filed€itsÏSupplemental€Opinion€as€follows:ÌÓ€Óà8  àà \ àBy€explanation€of€the€Opinion€and€Decree€enteredÏherein€on€June€20,€1997,€the€Court€files€this€SupplementalÏOpinion€to€clarify€the€holding€contained€in€the€originalÏdocument:€Ð  Ð  Ð  Ðà8  àà \ àWhile€there€is€a€finding€that€the€defendant€ThomassonÏis€in€a€willful€civil€contempt€of€the€Agreed€Order€of€JulyÏ1996,€in€that€he€has€failed,€neglected€and€willfully€refused€toÏcomply€therewith€when€he€had€the€ability€to€do€so,€òòit€isÐ ò*B&) Ðdeemed€pertinent€to€point€out€at€this€point€that€holding€theÏdefendant€in€civil€contempt€to€require€him€to€comply€withÏsomething€which€was€time€related,€concerning€which€the€timeÏhas€already€past,€is€not€appropriateóó.€€However,€in€addition€theÐ 2/‚*- ÐCourt€holds€the€defendant€in€criminal€contempt€by€saidÏOpinion€and€Decree€pursuant€to€Rule€42(b)€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.Ïfor€the€"willful€disobedience€or€resistance€of€any€officer€of€theÏsaid€courts,€party,€juror,€witness,€or€any€other€person,€to€anyÏlawful€writ,€process,€order,€rule,€decree,€or€command€of€saidÏcourts,"€(sic)€T.C.A.€29„2„102(3).€€Criminal€Contempt€"isÏintended€to€preserve€the€power€and€vindicate€the€dignity€andÏauthority€of€the€court,€and€the€court€as€an€organ€of€society."€Ð ²735 ÐòòBlack€v.€Blount,€Supreme€Court€No.€02„S01„9604„CV„00044Ð Â846 Ð(Tenn.€1996).óó€(emphasis€added)ÐÒ9"57 Ð  Ð  ЇÓ€Óà  àÌà  àThe€June€20,€1997€order€unconditionally€incarcerating€the€appellantÏimposes€a€punishment€not€available€in€a€civil€contempt€proceeding.ÌÌà  àIn€the€leading€case€of€ò òòòState€ex€rel.€Anderson€v.€Daugherty,€óóó ó137€Tenn.Ð  ` Ð125,€191€S.W.€974€(Tenn.€1917),€it€is€said€as€to€civil€contempt€proceedings:ÌÓ€Óà8  àTo€this€class€of€contempt€belong€such€an€act€as€the€refusal€toÏpay€alimony,€as€ordered€.€.€.€.€€If€imprisonment€be€ordered€it€isÏremedial€and€coercive€in€character,€having€a€relation€to€theÏcompelling€of€the€doing€of€something€by€the€contemnor€whichÏwhen€done€will€work€his€discharge.€€As€has€been€said,€in€suchÏcase€the€one€imprisoned€"carries€the€keys€to€his€prison€in€hisÏown€pocket€.€.€.€."òò€In€Re€Nevittóó,€117€Fed.€451,€54€C.C.A.€622.€Ð£ó Ð  Ð  ÐÌÓ€Óà  àÌà  àIf€the€trial€court€at€bar€intended€the€contempt€finding€to€be€civil€theÏunconditional€sentence€of€incarceration€must€be€vacated.ÌÌà  àThis€flaw€in€the€June€20,€1997€order€is€implicitly€recognized€by€theÏSupplemental€Opinion€entered€June€26,€1997€specifically€finding€that€civilÏcontempt€".€.€.€is€not€appropriate."€€In€the€Supplemental€Opinion€the€trial€courtÏrelying€on€ò òòòBlack€v.€Blountó óóó,€938€S.W.2d€394€(Tenn.€1996)€converts€the€finding€ofÐ ë!;" Ðcivil€contempt€into€a€finding€of€criminal€contempt.ÌÌà  àAs€to€criminal€contempt€the€Supreme€Court€of€Tennessee€has€held:ÌÓ€Óà8  à.€.€.€[T]here€are€two€species€of€contempt,€direct€and€indirect,Ïwhich€differ,€among€other€ways€in€the€minimal€procedure€thatÏwill€satisfy€the€requirements€of€due€process€in€the€case€ofÏeach.€€Direct€contempt€is€based€upon€acts€committed€in€theÏpresence€of€the€court,€and€may€be€punished€summarily.€ÏIndirect€contempt€is€based€upon€acts€not€committed€in€theÏpresence€of€the€court,€and€may€be€punished€only€after€theÏoffender€has€been€given€notice,€and€the€opportunity€toÏrespond€to€the€charges€at€a€hearing.Ð  Ð  Ð  ÐÌò òòòState€v.€Madduxó óóó,€571€S.W.2d€819,€821€(Tenn.€1978).Ð î2>.4 ÐÌÓ€Óà  àÌà  àTennessee€Rule€of€Criminal€Procedure€42(a)€deals€with€direct€contemptÏand€Rule€42(b)€deals€with€indirect€contempt.€€Since€the€contempt€of€the€appellantÏat€bar€did€not€occur€in€the€presence€of€the€court€the€proceedings€to€impose€indirectÐ Ø9(5< Ðcriminal€contempt€must€comply€with€Rule€42(b)€which€provides€as€follows:ÌÓ€Óà8  àà \ à(b)€€Disposition€upon€Notice€and€Hearing.€„„€A€criminalÏcontempt€except€as€provided€in€subdivision€(a)€of€this€ruleÏshall€be€prosecuted€on€notice.€€The€notice€shall€state€the€timeÏand€place€of€hearing,€allowing€a€reasonable€time€for€theÏpreparation€of€the€defense,€and€shall€state€the€essential€factsÏconstituting€the€criminal€contempt€charged€and€describe€it€asÏsuch.€€The€notice€shall€be€given€orally€by€the€judge€in€openÏcourt€in€the€presence€of€the€defendant€or,€on€application€of€theÏdistrict€attorney€general€or€of€an€attorney€appointed€by€theÏcourt€for€that€purpose,€by€an€order€to€show€cause€or€an€orderÏof€arrest.€€The€defendant€is€entitled€to€admission€to€bail€asÏprovided€in€these€rules.€€If€the€contempt€charged€involvesÏdisrespect€to€or€criticism€of€a€judge,€that€judge€is€disqualifiedÏfrom€presiding€at€the€hearing€except€with€the€defendant'sÏconsent.€€Upon€a€verdict€of€finding€of€guilt€the€court€shallÏenter€an€order€fixing€the€punishment.Ð  Ð  Ð  ÐÌÓ€Óà  àÌà  àThe€petition€for€contempt€filed€by€the€appellee€and€the€procedureÏfollowed€by€the€trial€court€cannot€be€reconciled€with€Rule€42(b)€of€the€TennesseeÏRules€of€Criminal€Procedure.€€First€of€all€the€petition€itself€never€asserts€that€theÏappellee€was€seeking€a€criminal€contempt€holding€against€the€appellant.€€The€mostÏthat€the€petition€asks€is€incarceration€but€incarceration€is€compatible€with€eitherÏcivil€or€indirect€criminal€contempt.€€The€order€of€June€20,€1997€designates€a€civilÏcontempt€finding€but€contains€language€finding€the€appellant€guilty€"beyond€aÏreasonable€doubt"€of€contempt€and€imposing€an€unconditional€sentence€ofÏincarceration€that€is€only€consistent€with€criminal€contempt.€€As€far€as€the€recordÏbefore€this€court€discloses,€the€first€notice€the€appellant€had€that€he€was€beingÏcharged€with€criminal€contempt€came€with€the€supplemental€opinion€of€the€trialÏcourt€on€June€26,€1997,€a€week€after€all€proceedings€had€been€completed.ÌÌà  àAdding€to€the€confusion€is€certain€of€the€language€used€in€the€June€26,Ï1997€order.€€After€holding€that€the€civil€contempt€requiring€the€appellant€toÏcomply€with€something€which€was€time€related€and€concerning€which€the€timeÏhad€already€passed€was€"not€appropriate"€the€trial€court€went€on€to€say€"however,Ð p3À.5 Ðòòinóó€òòadditionóó€the€court€holds€the€defendant€in€criminal€contempt€.€.€.€."€(emphasisÐ 5X07 Ðadded).ÌÌà  àA€finding€that€civil€contempt€".€.€.€is€not€appropriate"€seemsÐ Ð9 5= Ðincompatible€with€the€".€.€.€in€addition€.€.€."€holding€of€criminal€contempt.ÌÌà  àIn€summary€it€may€be€said:ÌÓ€Óà8  à1.à \ àThe€conduct€of€the€appellant€as€disclosed€by€this€recordÐ x È Ðis€unacceptable.Ð  Ð  Ð  Ðà8  à2.à \ àIf€civil€contempt€was€intended€by€the€trial€court,Ð ˜ è Ðunconditional€incarceration€cannot€be€imposed.Ð  Ð  Ð  Ðà8  à3.à \ àIf€criminal€contempt€was€intended€by€the€trial€court€theÐ ¸   Ðproceedings€below€were€in€violation€of€the€requirements€ofÏrule€42(b)€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€Criminal€Procedure.Ð  Ð  Ð  ÐÌÓ€Óà  àÌà  àThe€appellant€further€asserts€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€denying€theÏappellant's€counter„petition€to€modify€the€existing€visitation€schedule€toÏaccommodate€the€realities€of€the€lives€of€the€parties'€sons.€€In€this€counter„petitionÏthe€appellant€had€asked€the€trial€court€to€allow€the€sons€of€the€parties€to€expressÏtheir€desires€regarding€visitation€and€to€".€.€.€.€modify€the€previous€orders€asÏentered€herein€as€concerns€visitation€between€the€parties'€minor€sons€and€counter„¼respondent€as€the€court€deems€equitable€under€the€circumstances."ÌÌà  àSince€the€case€must€be€reversed€and€remanded€on€the€contempt€finding,€Ïthe€trial€court€should€be€free€to€address€again€the€merits€of€the€counter„petition€inÏsuch€manner€as€the€trial€court€deems€proper.€€Indeed,€this€court€is€saddened€notÏonly€by€a€Father€who€would€claim€to€advocate€a€child's€interest€in€a€situationÏwñãñhñãñiñäññâñsñâññäññåñcñåñh€strongly€suggests€ulterior€motives,€but€also€by€individuals€who€would€enterÏan€òòagreedóó€order€regarding€the€visitation€and€custody€of€mature€minor€childrenÐ H(˜#* Ðwithout€considering€the€children's€best€œinterestñèñ€and€without€consulting€the€childrenÏthemselvesñèñ.›€€The€part€of€the€order€denying€the€counter„petition€will€be€vacated€andÏthe€case€remanded€also€as€to€the€counter„petition.ÌÌà  àThe€trial€court€in€the€case€awarded€attorney's€fees€to€the€appellee.€€InÏview€of€the€reversal€of€the€contempt€findings€which€this€court€feels€is€compelledÏby€law,€the€award€of€attorney's€fees€to€the€appellee€is€vacated,€subject€to€furtherÏconsideration€by€the€trial€court€on€remand.ÌÌà  àThe€case€is€reversed€and€remanded€to€the€trial€court€for€furtherÏproceedings€not€inconsistent€with€this€opinion.Ð Ð9 5@ Їà  àActing€in€its€discretion€the€court€taxes€all€costs€of€appeal€against€theÏappellant,€Dr.€Joseph€Richard€Thomasson.ÌÌÌÓ€Óà  àà \ àà i àà ¼ àà è àà ð àà H! àà  # à¼à  àà \ àà i àà ¼ à_____________________________Ìà  àà \ àà i àà ¼ àWILLIAM€B.€CAIN,€JUDGEÌÌÌÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ_________________________________ÌHENRY€F.€TODD,€PRESIDING€JUDGEÌÌÌÌ_________________________________ÌWILLIAM€C.€KOCH,€JR.,€JUDGE€ÌÌ