WPC /# UN % 0(w@)4i} 0J 0T 0^2 0h 0r 0|j 0 0l 1u 0dqU> AQ d 0D* 0@n 0D B) D/ BJ Bg D3 DC AM U*G q v~t vHP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,,,,,,0nLl(hH  Z 6Times New Roman RegularX($ XYEZ[[[\]U^D_`Ӏln~<$3|xl2 0Indent123  2" 0Indent20 23  2, 0Indent30 0 23  26 0Indent40 0 0 23  2@ 0Indent50 0 0 0 23  2J 0Indent60 0 0 0 0 23  2T 0Indent70 0 0 0 0 0 23  2^ 0Indent80 0 0 0 0 0 0 23   ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P 8Mac DefaultMac Default ` X<  9p`(&Times New Roman !"#%C<< CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3$ !  ("$    ($$   1  % Line 7 d''' dxd dP Pd&&&&'dxd$$$$7Border 1dd ")C << G<  9p`(Arial !  !"  ++   YYY FILED+X July22,1998CecilCrowson,Jr.+AppellateCourtClerk PtPtHH(FG(HH(d'hStyl{WP}01  HH  2$HH  Geneva  <Px443!#4$*$$*$ KK  Geneva  Geneva .,6 Geneva   h HD: Geneva  h HD: Geneva ! .     \RA'\7XXdXXd7 @ INTHECOURTOFAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE R*,)A1-j|_`  `@R@ ATJACKSOǸ򀀀ROBERTE.WALL,   )      ) Plaintiffs/Appellant,   ) HenryLawNo.529      )vs.      )      ) AppealNo.02A019707CV00166 CITYOFPARIS,TENNESSEE, )andDIANAPIERCEd/b/a   )DIANASLIMITEDalsoknown  )asDIANAS,     )      ) Defendants/Appellees.  ) 0 @ APPEALFROMTHECIRCUITCOURTOFHENRYCOUNTY@ ATPARIS,TENNESSEE@ THEHONORABLEC.CREEDMcGINLEY,JUDGEForthePlaintiff/Appellant:   FortheDefendants/Appellees:MichaelA.Jaynes    FredN.McLeanD.TylerKelly Paris,TennesseeCharlesL.Trotter,Jr.Jackson,Tennessee       AFFIRMED       HOLLYKIRBYLILLARD,J.CONCUR:ALANE.HIGHERS,J.DAVIDR.FARMER,J.  ӛ7XXdXXd7  @ OPINION  Theplaintiffinthiscasetrippedandfellonacitysidewalk.Afterabenchtrial,thetrialcourtfoundthatthesidewalkwasnotdangerousorunsafeundertheTennesseeGovernmentalTortLiabilityAct.Weaffirm. OnMarch15,1996,Mr.RobertE.Wall( Wall)trippedandfellashewaswalkingalongthesidewalkofNorthPoplarStreetinVictorianSquare,Paris,Tennessee.Wall,an82yearoldretiree,sufferedabrokenarmandlacerationstohishandsandfaceasaresultofthefall.WallfiledsuitundertheTennesseeGovernmentalTortLiabilityActagainstthecityofParis( City).UnderTennesseeCodeAnnotated2920203(1980&Supp.1997),WallallegedthattheCitywasnegligentinmaintainingthesidewalk,andthatitwasunreasonablydefective,unsafe,anddangerous.Afterabenchtrial,thetrialcourtdismissedtheaction.Fromthisdecision,Wallnowappeals. Onappeal,Wallarguesthatthetrialcourterredinfindingthatthesidewalkwasnotainadefectiveconditionatthetimeoftheaccident.Wereviewthetrialcourtsfindingsoffact denovo ,withapresumptionofcorrectness,unlessthepreponderanceoftheevidenceprovesotherwise.Tenn.R.App.P.13(d); MetropolitanGovtv.McKinney ,852S.W.2d233(Tenn.App.1992).Thepresumptionofcorrectnessdoesnotapplytothetrialcourtsconclusionsoflaw. TennesseeFarmersMut.Ins.Co.v.AmericanMut.Liab.Ins.Co. ,840S.W.2d933(Tenn.App.1992). TennesseeCodeAnnotated2920203(a)providesinpertinentpart:̛8 Immunityfromsuitofagovernmentalentityisremovedforanyinjurycausedbyadefective,unsafe,ordangerousconditionofany...sidewalk...ownedandcontrolledbysuchgovernmentalentity.ӜTorecoverunderSection2920203,theplaintiffmustprove,byapreponderanceoftheevidence,(1)thattheCityownedandcontrolledthepremises;(2)thatthepremiseswereinadefective,unsafe,ordangerouscondition;and(3)thattheCityhadconstructiveand/oractualnoticeofthedefective,unsafe,ordangerousconditionofthepremises. Burgessv.Harley ,934S.W.2d58,63(Tenn.App.1996).ThepartiesstipulatedthattheCityownedandcontrolledthesidewalk,andthattheCityhadnoticeoftheconditionofthesidewalk.Thecaseturnedonwhetherthesidewalkwheretheaccidentoccurredwasdefectiveordangerous.  Therecordshowedthatthesidewalkatissuehadbeenpatched.Itisundisputedthatthesidewalkwasscheduledforreplacementatthetimeoftheaccident,andwasreplacedshortlyaftertheaccident.Wallarguesthatthisprovesthattheareawasdangerousordefective.TheCityarguesthatthesidewalkdidnotnotpresentadangertosomeoneexercisingordinarycare.Afterabenchtrial,thetrialcourtfoundthattheareaofthesidewalkwhereWallfellwaspatchedbutwasnotdefective.Testimonyestablishedthatthepatchdidnotcreatearaisedordepressedarea.Whenquestionedaboutthespotwherehefell,Wallwasunabletopointtoaspecificfeatureabouttheareathatcausedthefall:8 Q: Wasthereanyparticularthingthatyourecallaboutthisportionofthesidewalkthatcontributedtoyourtripandfallthatyouvetoldusabout?8 A: (Thewitnessshookhishead)Idontremember,Michael.IjustknowIwalkedfourorfivestepsandIcaughtmyrightfootandIwentforward.Thatsall.Ididntseeanything. Afterreviewingtherecord,whichincludestestimonyaboutthesidewalkaswellasphotographs,wefindthattheevidencedoesnotpreponderateagainstthetrialcourtsfindingthatthesidewalkwasnotdefective.Consequently,thetrialcourtsdismissaloftheplaintiffslawsuitisaffirmed. TheCityrequeststhatthisappealbedeemedafrivolousappealunderTennesseeCodeAnnotated271122.Thisrequestisdenied. Thedecisionofthetrialcourtisaffirmed.CostsaretaxedagainsttheAppellant,forwhichexecutionmayissueifnecessary.     򀀀     HOLLYKIRBYLILLARD,J. CONCUR:򀀀ALANE.HIGHERS,J. 򀀀 DAVIDR.FARMER,J. ̜