WPC F`6R0૙2Ÿ}P=iļܼ+C[o 4wyh##x%&W5lØٍA$o-!oѸVzb$*0%E:x.yV| "a!zm`qNTv0A tkP6~cU8J*9PyX$j:ӑauIuw/08%B؈s [+#WAXO|HGl?Ќ JXŐlŏ`^]<ن^Mu8]×d|q΋blt$ӧ$(+pFku '#rm/T>V=->ō +b?ؠc"O|#nN *#"I ڷ_-&3BP[ѥv>҇ mGI/ٴ ,kL?&L\ddG nO' qa#NU: %I 0:O ^ w 4   m f N; 1= 72 1u 72k 0c Q ASQ  0Vj 0V 0D D5Z BHP LaserJet 4000 Series PCL 60,rAZ"Arial RegularX($USUS.,4(L sp'F3|xU \\RA' Legal\(5hCEKQW]cioAutoList1I.I.I.I.I.I.I.I. I.3#37=CIQYag1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)i)(;3$2#  0  .3  0   G ["USUS.,  _tXX   Ad FILEDX Xt  December29,1999  Cecil_Crowson_,Jr. dd AppellateCourtClerkdAk Z[\]_E<<CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(.3$ !USUS.,  (.3$ !USUS.,  ($$   1  ````)!dxdx d !USUS.,  __TR[A' LegalX3' Letter A' Legal3'T †8 XXdd8__   ` 򀀀INTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE . ~ _xY_B2.jz}`  `@E ` ttx0 ] x_   `     h ATJACKSON  d    `    AUGUST1999SESSION  0   STATEOFTENNESSEE     ! ! (5h83 V. `     h      p No.W199800582CCAR3CD x   MARKLEEBOONE  D   `    ConcurringandDissentingOpinion  F  `  Iconcurinthemajoritysopinion,exceptforthe_affirmance_Ԁofthe  defendants_DUI_Ԁconviction.Inmyview,thiscourtshouldholdundertheplain Z errorrulethatdoublejeopardyprinciplesdictatethereversalofthe_DUI_ &v convictionandthedismissalofthatcase. B e `  Theaggravatedvehicularhomicideconvictionwasbasedupon   TennesseeCodeAnnotatedsections3913213(a)(2)and218.Section3913 V"! 218establishestheconditionsformakingasection213vehicularhomicidean "$r# aggravatedoffense,andsection213proscribesgenerallyvehicularhomicide. %>!% Thebasisforavehicularhomicideprosecutionundersection3913213(a)(2)is ' #'  arecklesskillingofanother...[_a]s_Ԁtheproximateresultofthedrivers )$) intoxicationassetforthin5510401.Tenn.CodeAnn.391213 R+&+ (a)(2)(1997).Codesection5510401isthestatutewhichdefinesand -n(- proscribesdrivingundertheinfluence. .:*/  `  Inlikemanner,thedefendantsvehicularassaultconvictionwas 2-3 baseduponTennesseeCodeAnnotatedsection3913106,whichproscribes N4/5 vehicularassaultproximatelyresultingfromthedefendants intoxicationasset 6j17 forthin5510401. 7639  95; _ `  ThedefendantsfourthoffenseDUIconvictionwasbasedupon  section5510401,whichproscribestheundertheinfluenceoperationofamotor | vehicle onanyofthepublicroadsandhighwaysofthestate,oronanystreetsor H alleys,orwhileonthepremisesofanyshoppingcenter,trailerparkorany  d apartmenthousecomplex,oranyotherpremiseswhichisgenerallyfrequented  0 bythepublicatlarge.Tenn.CodeAnn.5510401(a)(1997).     `  TheDUIconvictionwasbasedupontheNovember9,1996conduct D  whichresultedinthevehicularhomicideandassault. `  `  InStatev.Burdine,888S.W.2d463(Tenn.Crim.App.1994),this  courtheldthat,forpurposesofconstruingtheprovisionsforeligibilityforpretrial t diversion, D.U.I.isanlesserincludedoffenseofvehicularassault.Id.at464.In @ Statev.McKinney,605S.W.2d842(Tenn.Crim.App.1980),thiscourt,in  \ decidingajuryinstructionissue,acceptedwithoutresistanceMcKinneysclaim ( thatDUIwasalesserincludeoffenseofvehicularhomicide.   `  InStatev.Rhodes,917S.W.2d708(Tenn.Crim.App.1995),this <#" courtheldthatconvictionsforvehicularassaultandDUIresultingfromthesame %X $ conductcouldnotbothstandbecause thelegislatureintendedforvehicular &$"& assaulttoincludeDUIasalesserincludedoffense.Id.at71213.Weconcluded (#( that fordoublejeopardypurposes,apersoncannotbepunishedseparatelyfor l*%* DUIandvehicularassaultforoneactofdrivingundertheinfluence....Id.at 8,', 713. .T).  `  InRhodes,thiscourtrejectedthestatesargumentthat,because 1,2 theDUIstatutecontainedtheelementsofdriving onapublicroadordesignated h3.4 areasfrequentedbythepublic,andthatbecausetheseelementsarenot 4506 containedinthevehicularassaultstatute,DUIshouldnotbeconsideredalesser 7P28 includedoffenseofvehicularassaultundertheprinciplesofBlockburgerv.United 84: States,284U.S.299,304,52S.Ct.180,182(1932).Rhodes,917S.W.2dat  710.TheBlockburgertestforanalyzingwhethertwooffensesmayresultfrom | oneactionfocusesupon whethereach[statutory]provisionrequiresproofofan H additionalfactwhichtheotherdoesnot.Blockburger,284U.S.at304,52S.Ct.  d at182.TheRhodescourtacknowledgedthatlegislativeintentisthe  0 determinativefactorindecidingwhethermultiplepunishmentsmaybeimposed    forasingleactorevent,Rhodes,917S.W.2dat711,butitcharacterizedthe x  Blockburgertestasjustonemeasureoflegislativeintent.Thecourtfound D  compellingthefactthatthelegislature,inits1989enactments,usedthesame ` languagetoproscribevehicularassaultwhichitpresumptivelyknewhadbeen , previouslyinterpretedasestablishingDUIasalesserincludedoffense.Id.at712.  Furthermore,thecourtreasonedthattheDUIstatuteandboththevehicular t homicideandassaultstatutes reflectalegislativeexpressionofgreatly @ overlappinginterests.Id.Forthesereasons,thecourtconcludedthatbecause  \ thelegislatureintendedthatadefendantshouldnotbepunishedbothfor ( vehicularassaultandtheunderlyingDUI,hemaynotbe.   `  TheRhodesholdingissupportedbyoursupremecourtsrecent <#" decisioninStatev.BrendaAnneBurns,"S.W.2d",No.W199600004SC %X $ R11CD(Tenn.,Jackson,Nov.8,1999).InBurns,thesupremecourtadopteda &$"&  definitionoflesserincludedoffenses: (#( ` ` eAnoffenseisalesserincludedoffenseif: l*%* (a)allofitsstatutoryelementsareincludedwithinthe 8,', statutoryelementsoftheoffensecharged;or -n(- (b)itfailstomeetthedefinitioninpart(a)onlyintherespect .:*/ thatitcontainsastatutoryelementofelementsestablishing: / +0  (1)adifferentmentalstateindicatingalesserkindof 0,1 culpability;and/or 1,2  (2)alessseriousharmorriskofharmtothesame 2-3 person,propertyorpublicinterest;or h3.4 (c)itconsistsof[facilitation,attempttocommitthegreater 4506 offense,orsolicitation]. 6j17 ` BrendaAnneBurns,"S.W.2dat",slipop.at2223.Areviewof 95; thestatutoryelementsofthegreateroffenseofvehicularhomicide  andvehicularassaultreflectsthatalloftheprovisionsofsection | 5510401areincorporatedbyreference.Succinctly, allofthe H statutoryelementsofDUIare includedwithinthestatutory  d elementsofthegreateroffenses.  0  `  Basedupontheauthoritiescitedabove,Iconclude D  thatinthepresentcasetheDUIoffenseisbarredbyprinciplesof ` doublejeopardy.SeeStatev.GeorgeBlakeKelly,No.01C01 , 9610CC00448,slipop.at1819(Tenn.Crim.App.,Nashville,  Oct.13,1998)(holdingthatdoublejeopardyprinciplesbarthe t prosecutionofvehicularhomicideandDUIchargesarisingoutof @ oneact);Statev.RobertGlenGrissomIII,No.02C019204CC  \ 00076,slipop.at10(Tenn.Crim.App.,Jackson,Mar.10,1993) ( ( [O]perationofamotorvehiclewhileundertheinfluenceisan  essentialelementoftheoffense[ofvehicularhomicide];anditisa p!  lesserincludedoffenseof[vehicularhomicide].)(emphasis <#" added). Whenanaccusedisconvictedofbothalesserincluded %X $ offenseandthegreateroffense,theconvictionforthelesser &$"& offensemustbedismissed.RobertGlenGrissomIII,slipop.at (#( 10. l*%*  `  Thequestionthenbecomeswhethertheissueshould .T). benoticedundertheplainerrorrule: / +0 ` Anerrorwhichhasaffectedthesubstantialrightsofan 1,2 accusedmaybenoticedatanytime,eventhoughnotraised 2-3 inthemotionfornewtrialorassignedaserroronappeal,in h3.4 thediscretionoftheappellatecourtwherenecessarytodo N4/5 substantialjustice. 4506 ` ` ӀSeeTenn.R.Crim.P.52(b). 7P28 _ 84:  `  Itisdifficulttoimagineanerrorwhichmore affectsthesubstantial  rightsofanaccusedthanonewhichallowsaprohibitedconvictiontobe | imposed.AsthiscourtstatedinRhodes, WheretheStateisprecludedbythe H UnitedStatesConstitutionfromhalingadefendantintocourtonacharge,  d federallawrequiresthataconvictiononthatchargebesetasideevenifthe  0 convictionwasenteredpursuanttoacounseledpleaofguilty.Rhodes,917    S.W.2dat711(quoting_Menna_Ԁv.NewYork,423U.S.61,62,96S.Ct.241,242 x  (1975)).InStatev._Epps_,989S.W.2d742(Tenn._Crim_.App.1998),thiscourt D  noticedasplainerror thattheappellantsconvictionsforboththeftand ` attemptedtheftviolateprinciplesofdoublejeopardy.Id.at745.Thecourt , reversedtheattemptedtheftconvictionanddismissedthatcharge.SeeStatev.  _Hodge_,989S.W.2d717(Tenn_Crim_.App.1998)(plainerrornoticedinan t electionofoffensesissue [_b]ecause_ԀelectioninvolvesAppellantsconstitutional @ rightstoprotectionagainstdoublejeopardyandtoaunanimousjuryverdict);  \ Statev.Brooks,909S.W.2d854(Tenn._Crim_.App.1995)(legislativeintent ( analysisusedtodeterminewhetheraggravatedassaultandreckless  endangermentconvictionsviolateddoublejeopardyprinciples,eventhoughthe p!  issuewasnotproperlyraisedinthetrialcourt). <#"  `  Basedupontheguidanceprovidedbytheseauthorities,Iwould &$"& holdtheimpositionofthe_DUI_Ԁconvictionisbarredandthat,asamatterofplain (#( error,thisconvictionshouldbereversedandthechargedismissed. l*%* Ѐ `  Inallotherrespects,Ifullyconcurinthemajorityopinion. .T).  `     h     ________________________________ 1,2  `     h     JAMES_CURWOOD_Ԁ_WITT_,JR.,JUDGE h3.4  `