ÿWPCQ …# VUNa %¯ 0(µw@Ý4 1 0ˆ@ 0DÈ  0J 0T^ 0^² 0h 0rx 0|ê 0†f 0ì 1u| 0dñ BUU>rB)°DCÙU* AMF D3“ãÆr© 0@v~[vÓÙ AO¬Æû 0DÁ D/ B4˜HP LaserJet 4Si/4SiMX PS 600dpiPSCRIPTÀÌÀääÀÀÌ0 (ÖÃ9 Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡ ÿDDEDEÓ€Ô¡¨ ÜD`ÜÔ 3|x(8(2¨$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÒ4°ÒÒX°Òà Œ àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ d< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman% Line 7 d&&&&7Border 1dd< Œ 9p`(Arial€-'Cþÿ << Gÿÿ'ÿÿdxd ÙÝ ƒ!ÝÔ€%ÔÝ  ÝÔ€(ÔÔ€(ÔÓ  Óò òÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€(XÔÌÌDecember€13,€1996ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔ  Ôó ó hÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€%ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $ÝÒ 4 ÒÒ X Òà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€(ÔIt€is€the€policy€of€this€court€to€refer€to€the€defendant€as€her€name€is€listed€onÏthe€indictment,€although€the€other€pleadings€refer€to€the€defendant€as€MarquettaÏBrown.Ì("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  ÒPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'hStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÒ  h HD: Geneva Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€%ÔÝ  Ý›Ñ ` ÑÑ Ü ÑÒ 4 ÒÒ ° ÒÒ 4 ÒÒ X ÒÑ\R AØ'\ќـ€ÙÔ€(ÔÑ\R AØ'\ÑßR€)+'A1-j|` ç `€€@ÿRß›Þ ÞÌà@ àòòIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEóóÌà@ àòòÌà àà àà àà àà àAT€NASHVILLE€óóÌà@ àÌœà@ àMAY›€1996€SESSIONÌÌÌÌSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à àà à*à àC.C.A.€#€01C01„9509„CR„00316€Ìà àÌà àAppellee,à àà àà à*à àDAVIDSON€COUNTYÌÌVS.à àà àà àà àà à*à àHon.€Ann€Lacy€Johns,€JudgeÌÌMARQUETIA€BROWN,à àà à*à à(Second€Degree€Murder)ÌÌà àAppellant.à àà àà à*ÌÌòòÌÌÌÌÌFor€Appellant:óóà àà àà àà àòòFor€Appellee:óóÌÌMonte€D.€Watkinsà àà àà àà àCharles€W.€BursonÌ176€Second€Avenue,€Northà àà àAttorney€General€&€ReporterÌSuite€300ÌNashville,€TN€€37201à àà àà àCharlotte€H.€Rappuhn€Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà à450€James€Robertson€ParkwayÌà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€€37243„0493à àà àà àÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àDan€HammÌà àà àà àà àà àà àAsst.€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àWashington€SquareÌà àà àà àà àà àà à222€Second€Avenue,€NorthÌà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€€37201„1649Ìà àà àà àÌÌOPINION€FILED:_____________________ÌÌÌÌÌAFFIRMED€AS€€MODIFIEDÌÌÌÌÌGARY€R.€WADE,€JUDGEÌÌòòò òÓÓÓ  ÓÌOPINIONÌÑ7€†XXdìXXdì7ÑÓ  Óó óóóà àà àThe€defendant,€Marquetia€Brown,× ƒ, ××  ×€was€convicted€of€second€degreeÏmurder€for€the€shooting€death€of€her€husband,€Frederick€Brown.€€The€trial€courtÏimposed€a€range€one€sentence€of€seventeen€and€one„half€years.€€In€this€appeal€ofÏright,€she€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence€and€asserts€that€œthe€sentence›Ïis€excessive.€ÌÌà àà àWe€affirm€the€conviction;€the€sentence€is€modified€to€15€years.€ÌÌà àà àMost€of€the€facts€are€undisputed.€€In€the€fall€of€1993,€the€victimÏresumed€a€relationship€with€a€former€girlfriend,€Chantelle€Henderson,€who€lived€inÏGary,€Indiana.€€The€victim€saw€her€every€couple€of€months€when€he€was€in€IndianaÏon€business.€€He€spoke€with€her€on€the€telephone€about€three€times€a€week€andÏreceived€her€correspondence€at€the€residence€œhe›€shared€with€the€defendant.ÌÌà àà àIn€early€March€of€1994,€the€defendant€discovered€a€letter€establishingÏthat€the€victim€was€having€an€affair€with€Ms.€Henderson.€€Upset€about€herÏdiscovery,€€she€expressed€concern€to€a€friend,€Philip€Barber,€over€the€œvictimððs›€affair,Ïfirst€claiming€that€she€wanted€to€commit€suicide€but€then€œsuggesting›€that€sheÏwanted€to€hurt€the€œvictim.›€€€During€the€ensuing€week,€the€defendant€spoke€withÏmembers€of€the€victimððs€family€about€her€marriage.ÌÌà àà àAt€trial,€Ms.€Henderson€testified€that€she€had€spoken€by€telephoneÏwith€the€defendant€and€the€victim€on€the€day€of€his€murder.€€The€victim€told€Ms.ÏHenderson€he€wanted€to€end€their€relationship.€€When€Ms.€Henderson€asked€theÏvictim€if€he€wanted€his€ring€back,€he€answered€no.ÌÌà àà àBarber€testified€that€he€went€to€the€defendantððs€residence€on€the€dayÏof€the€murder.€€The€defendant€acknowledged€having€shot€the€victim.€€BarberÍdiscovered€the€body€lying€between€the€bedroom€and€the€hallway€and€œcalled›€911.€ÏHe€saw€blood€and€a€hole€in€the€victimððs€chest.ÌÌà àà àOfficer€John€Campbell€testified€that€when€he€arrived€at€the€scene€ofÏthe€shooting,€the€defendant€informed€him€she€had€shot€the€victim.€€Officer€BradÏJames,€also€on€the€scene,€testified€that€he€thought€the€defendant€appeared€to€beÏgoing€into€a€state€of€shock.€€Paramedics€checked€the€defendant,€but€found€no€signsÏof€injury.€€ÌÌà àà àOfficer€Mac€Peebles,€who€spoke€with€the€defendant€at€the€crimeÏscene,€testified€that€the€defendant€claimed€the€victim€had€punched€her€severalÏtimes€and€slammed€her€to€the€floor.€€When€told€by€the€defendant€that€she€shot€theÏvictim€as€he€was€coming€toward€her,€Officer€Peebles€prepared€a€report€of€domesticÏviolence€by€the€victim€against€the€defendant.€€ÌÌà àà àDetective€Clifford€Mann€testified€that€he€treated€the€scene€as€a€two„part€incident;€that€is,€the€defendant€had€suffered€domestic€abuse€and€the€victim,Ïobviously,€had€been€shot.€€Detective€Mann€observed€that€some€of€the€furniture€inÏthe€house€was€in€disarray;€he€acknowledged€that€the€defendant€claimed€that€herÏhusband€had€struck€her€and€then€knocked€her€to€the€ground.€€He€related€that€theÍdefendant€claimed€injuries€from€the€attack€but€refused€medical€treatment.€€Ìà àà àDr.€Charles€Harlan,€a€pathologist,€found€that€the€cause€of€death€was€aÏgunshot€wound€to€the€left€œside€of€the€chest.›€€It€was€his€opinion€that€the€gun€was€firedÏfrom€more€than€24€inches€away€and€that€the€bullet€traveled€slightly€upward€throughÏthe€body.ÌÌà àà àDuring€the€days€after€the€shooting,€the€defendant€called€the€victim'sÏcousin,€Cheryl€Donaldson,€and€apologized.€€The€defendant€also€called€the€victimððsÏmother.€€During€their€phone€conversation,€the€defendant,€crying€and€screaming,Ïexpressed€remorse€and€acknowledged€she€did€not€have€to€kill€the€victim.€à àà àÌÌà àà àThe€defendantððs€mother,€Mardelle€Gore,€testified€that€the€defendant,Ïan€honor€student,€had€been€named€valedictorian€of€John€Gupton€Mortuary€College.€ÏSarah€Cason,€the€defendantððs€supervisor,€verified€her€good€work€habits.€€Ms.ÏCason,€who€suspected€the€defendant€was€in€an€abusive€relationship,€testified€thatÏshe€had€noticed€bruises€on€the€defendant€who€refused€to€reveal€the€cause.€ÌÌà àà àShaneitha€€Sketers,€the€defendant's€cousin,€lived€with€the€defendantÏand€the€victim€for€a€time.€€She€testified€that€the€victim€was€physically€abusive€to€theÏdefendant,€having€struck€her€on€the€leg€on€one€occasion€and€having€wrestled€herÍto€the€ground€on€others.€€Each€time,€the€victim€acted€like€it€was€a€joke.€€She€testifiedÏthat€she€saw€the€victim€slap€the€defendant€once.€€ÌÌà àà àThe€defendant,€who€had€no€prior€criminal€record€and€weighed€110Ïpounds,€testified€that€she€was€the€manager€of€a€funeral€home€in€North€CarolinaÏbefore€moving€to€Nashville€to€attend€mortuary€science€school.€€After€her€move,€sheÏmet€and€eventually€married€the€victim.€€While€in€histology€at€a€hospital,€sheÏattended€Belmont€University€in€the€pre„med€program.€€She€claimed€that€she€paidÏall€of€the€bills.€€She€described€the€victim,€who€was€training€to€be€a€correctionalÏofficer,€as€occasionally€abusive.€€€€ÌÌà àà àThe€œdefendant€recalled›€discovering€Ms.€Henderson's€letter,€talkingÏwith€the€victimððs€friends€and€family€members,€and€then€talking€with€the€victim.€€SheÏstated€that€the€altercation€took€place€at€the€conclusion€of€the€phone€call€to€Ms.ÏHenderson€when€she€asked€the€victim€about€the€ring.€€She€claimed€that€the€victimÏpushed€her€away€and€that€she€slapped€the€victim€in€the€face.€€She€testified€that€theÏvictim€quickly€wrestled€her€to€the€ground€and€punched€her€in€the€stomach,€causingÏher€to€cry€and€ask€for€help.€€ÌÌà àà àShe€claimed€that€she€went€toward€the€bedroom,€where€the€gun€wasÍkept,€when€the€victim€threatened€to€kill€her.€€Contending€that€she€was€fearful€for€herÏlife,€she€grabbed€the€gun€and,€while€backed€into€a€corner,€fired€at€the€victim€whenÏhe€moved€towards€her.€ÌÌà àà àThe€defendant€first€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence.€€OurÏscope€of€review€is€limited.€€On€appeal,€the€state€is€entitled€to€the€strongestÏlegitimate€view€of€the€evidence€and€all€reasonable€inferences€which€might€beÏdrawn€therefrom.€€òòState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€832,€835€(Tenn.€1978).€€TheÏcredibility€of€the€witnesses,€the€weight€to€be€given€their€testimony,€and€theÏreconciliation€of€conflicts€in€the€proof€are€matters€entrusted€to€the€jury€as€triers€ofÏfact.€€òòByrge€v.€Stateóó,€575€S.W.2d€292,€295€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1978).€€When€theÏsufficiency€of€the€evidence€is€challenged,€the€relevant€question€is€whether,€afterÏreviewing€the€evidence€in€the€light€most€favorable€to€the€state,€any€rational€trier€ofÏfact€could€have€found€the€essential€elements€of€the€crime€beyond€a€reasonableÏdoubt.€€òòState€v.€Williamsóó,€657€S.W.2d€405,€410€(Tenn.€1983),€òòcert.€deniedóó,€465€U.S.Ï1073€(1984);€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€13(e).ÌÌà àà àSecond€degree€murder€is€defined€as€the€knowing€killing€of€another.€ÏTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„210(a)(1).€€Clearly,€a€rational€jury€could€have€found€theÏessential€elements€of€the€crime.€€There€was€testimony€that€the€defendant,Íunderstandably€upset€about€her€husbandððs€extramarital€affair,€wanted€to€hurt€him.€ÏAfter€a€brief€altercation,€which€apparently€resulted€in€no€injury,€the€defendantÏlocated€the€gun€and€fired€at€her€husband€from€a€distance€of€œmore›€than€two€feet.€ÏThe€defendant€has€devoted€the€large€part€of€her€brief€to€arguing€the€jury€shouldÏhave€found€self„defense.€€The€jury,€however,€as€was€their€prerogative,€rejected€theÏdefense€theory,€accrediting€the€testimony€of€the€state's€witnesses.€€ÌÌà àà àNext,€the€defendant€claims€the€seventeen€and€one„half€year€sentenceÏis€excessive.€€When€a€challenge€is€made€to€the€length,€range,€or€manner€of€serviceÏof€a€sentence,€it€is€the€duty€of€this€court€to€conduct€a€"de€novo€review€...€with€aÏpresumption€that€the€determinations€made€by€the€court€from€which€the€appeal€isÏtaken€are€correct."€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„40l(d).€€The€Sentencing€CommissionÏComments€provide€that€the€burden€is€on€the€defendant€to€show€the€impropriety€ofÏthe€sentence.€€ÌÌà àà àOur€review€requires€an€analysis€of€(l)€the€evidence,€if€any,€received€atÏthe€trial€and€sentencing€hearing;€(2)€the€presentence€report;€(3)€the€principles€ofÏsentencing€and€the€arguments€of€counsel€relative€to€sentencing€alternatives;€(4)€theÏnature€and€characteristics€of€the€offense;€(5)€any€mitigating€or€enhancing€factors;Ï(6)€any€statements€made€by€the€defendant€in€œher›€own€behalf;€and€(7)€theÍdefendant's€potential€for€rehabilitation€or€treatment.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€40„35„l02,Ï„l03,€and„210.ÌÌà àà àAt€the€time€of€this€offense,€the€presumptive€sentence€was€theÏminimum€in€the€range€if€there€were€no€enhancement€and€mitigating€factors.€€Tenn.ÏCode€Ann.€ðð€40„35„210€(amended€in€1995€changing€the€presumptive€sentence€forÏa€Class€A€felony€to€the€midpoint€in€the€range).€€Should€the€trial€court€find€mitigatingÏand€enhancement€factors,€it€must€start€at€the€minimum€sentence€in€the€range€andÏenhance€the€sentence€based€upon€any€applicable€enhancement€factors,€thenÏreduce€the€sentence€based€upon€any€appropriate€mitigating€factors.€€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€ðð€40„35„210(e).€€The€weight€given€to€each€factor€is€within€the€trial€court'sÏdiscretion€provided€that€the€record€supports€its€findings€and€it€complies€with€theÏSentencing€Act.€€òòSeeóó€€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991).€€The€trialÏcourt,€however,€should€make€specific€findings€on€the€record€which€indicate€hisÏapplication€of€the€sentencing€principles.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€40„35„209€and€„210.ÌÌà àà àAt€the€sentencing€hearing,€the€trial€court€found€the€followingÏenhancement€factors€applicable:€€ÌÓÓà8 àà8 à(1)€The€defendant€had€no€hesitation€about€committing€aÏcrime€when€the€risk€to€human€life€was€high,€Tenn.€CodeÍAnn.€ðð€40„35„114(10);€andÌÌà8 àà8 à(2)€The€crime€was€committed€under€circumstancesÏwhere€the€potential€for€bodily€injury€to€a€victim€was€great,ÏTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(16).ÌÌÌà àà àÌÓÓà àà àBoth€of€these€factors€were€improperly€applied€because€they€are€bothÏinherent€in€the€offense.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114.€€The€fact€that€theÏdefendant€had€no€hesitation€about€committing€a€crime€when€the€risk€to€human€lifeÏwas€high,€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(10),€cannot€be€used€to€enhance€theÏsentence€because€that€factor€is€inherent€in€the€offense€of€second€degree€murder.€€ÏòòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Jonesóó,€883€S.W.2d€597,€603€(Tenn.€1994).€€To€justify€using€this€factor,Ïthe€state€must€prove€the€defendant€"demonstrated€a€culpability€distinct€from€andÏappreciably€greater€than€that€incident€to€the€offense€for€which€he€was€convicted."€ÏòòId.óó€at€603;€òòseeóó€òòalsoóó€òòState€v.€Lambertóó,€741€S.W.2d€127,€134€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.Ï1987)(appropriate€use€of€this€factor€in€a€homicide€case€where€the€defendantððsÏconduct€posed€a€threat€to€a€large€number€of€people€before€the€particular€victimsÏwere€killed).€€ÌÌà àà àThat€the€potential€for€injury€to€the€victim€was€particularly€great,€Tenn.ÏCode€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(16),€is€also€inherent€in€the€offense.€€In€òòDaughertyóó,€this€courtÍheld€that€the€factor€was€an€element€of€any€homicide€case€and,€therefore,€could€notÏbe€considered€to€enhance€a€sentence.€€òòState€v.€David€Keith€Daughertyóó,€No.€03C01„9203„CR„00082€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€at€Knoxville,€August€27,€1993).€ÌÌà àà àWhile€factors€(10)€and€(16)€were€improperly€applied,€€however,€we€doÏobserve€the€presence€of€at€least€one€enhancement€factor,€that€the€defendant€usedÏa€firearm€in€the€commission€of€the€crime.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(8).€€Use€ofÏa€firearm€is€not€an€essential€element€of€second€degree€murder.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Butleróó,Ï900€S.W.2d€305€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994).ÌÌà àà àThe€court€found€in€mitigation€that€the€defendant€acted€under€strongÏprovocation,€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„113(2).à à€The€defendant€argues€the€trial€courtÏshould€have€also€found€additional€mitigating€factors:€€ÌÓÓà8 àà8 à(1)€although€guilty,€the€defendant€committed€the€crimeÏunder€such€unusual€circumstances€that€it€is€unlikely€thatÏa€sustained€intent€to€violate€the€law€motivated€œher›Ïconduct,€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„113(11);ÌÌà8 àà8 à(2)€the€defendant€acted€under€duress€or€under€theÏdomination€of€another€person,€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„113(12);€andÌÌà8 àà8 à(3)€the€defendantððs€exemplary€background,€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€ðð€40„35„113(13)€(the€catch„all€provision).ÌÌÓÓBased€upon€testimony€that€the€defendant€stated€a€few€days€before€the€shooting€thatÏshe€wanted€to€hurt€the€victim,€the€trial€judge€could€have€reasonably€discountedÏfactor€(11)€(no€sustained€intent€to€violate€the€law).€€Given€the€juryððs€completeÏrejection€of€the€self„defense€theory,€the€trial€judge€also€could€have€reasonablyÏdeclined€to€apply€factor€(12)€(the€defendant€was€under€duress).€€We€do€find,Ïhowever,€that€the€defendantððs€exemplary€background€should€have€beenÏconsidered€in€mitigation.€€An€excellent€student,€she€was€employed€full„time€while€aÏpre„med€student€at€Belmont€University.€€€€ÌÌà àà àThe€trial€judge€erroneously€applied€two€enhancement€factors€butÏcould€have€applied€one€that€was€apparently€overlooked.€€The€defendantððsÏexemplary€background€warrants€some€mitigation.€€Upon€de€novo€review,€weÏimpose€a€fifteen„year€sentence.€€The€conviction€is€affirmed€as€so€modified.€€ÌÌÓÓà àà àà àà àà à__________________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àGary€R.€Wade,€œJudgeÌÌCONCUR:›Ìœ›ÌÌ_________________________________ÌJoseph€M.€Tipton,€JudgeÌÌÌœ__________________________________›ÌWilliam€M.€Barker,€Judge