ÿWPC­" à˜‘mª7)åòPeYK1„nÂÛEU]Ôh‹µ-âãcð²‰mP^À ê«Ì* ûDSûú;‚Ò+IîºÈº–©í¸K%‚¶Î@%%6˜¯¢ý}Çdü|þ¶2èìùÞG òèT–BQ§÷`Ût3^CO$Ú¨nc/˜e?\ôpÃpjÍäÏ>÷û8×é±öÖßUiã G  ÅÌ@±È2±ø5<;è%qg½›v$¤Ê¹¢Q^ÖšvÌañ„l{„ÅVKÀZÇ£Þˆt6ÕVM7<‘çÖ³x}Q : ¿Ç¿K‰oGŒ2êÏ¡­&Svaû;5/Y½¼KJ9[¦F%æä®·áºÉmÝÞ0ìãŒ9˜4j*¸¯r‰G‰zà:Åú!ª9•z¿â0k錿™z ËGÁ…þ’ãV¾ÕÆiʪ+zª›{íÄ'Z®¸ó½? &¾x0äÝpA¨ Æe{d„MbÀ´ù>aMá&c=&5®‹c6º´6ÖÌ5i¾mͱÜqOzJ¥îªûPLájSßÄø¡±ºœ ° Esœvh¬’5wœˆQœ‚…S$Xq%œ¢à]Ô›Q©ÀU?<0²HÌ„·|¥¿x—]ç¦1ÞK2ÁÁh©0U B  %â¬è 0”” 0‹( 0³ 0C 0’Ð 0Áb 0Ä# 0Çç 0Ç® 0Çu 0Á< 0oý 0Ál 0Á- 0Ìî 0̺ 0Ù† 0w_ 0ŠÖ-` 0U.HT` 0D´øn® 0r¶(U:(w@b4¢$¶ D3Ú AQ Æ^ 0D$ 0Dh D/¬ BÛ Bø U:!$O!U:s"ô\  `*Times New RomanTTô'  >ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE /CTS0AOC .   hÿÿ:Default ParaDefault Paragraph FontÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔT!ÿÿ:endnote textendnote textÓ  ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  Ô^ÿÿ:endnote refeendnote referenceÔ  ÔÔ  ÔòòóóÔ  ÔÔ  ÔV!ÿÿ:footnote texfootnote textÓ  ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  Ô`ÿÿ:footnote reffootnote referenceÔ  ÔÔ  ÔòòóóÔ  ÔÔ  Ô85Tÿÿ,toc 1toc 1Ó  ÓÓ ÿÿ4Œ ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ>4ÿÿX°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>Ó88Tÿÿ,toc 2toc 2Ó  ÓÓ ÿÿ4Œ ä ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ>4ÿÿX°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>Ó8;Tÿÿ,toc 3toc 3Ó  ÓÓÿÿ4Œ ä <ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ>4ÿÿX°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>Ó8;Tÿÿ,toc 4toc 4Ó  ÓÓÿÿ4Œ <”ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ>4ÿÿX°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>Ó8;Tÿÿ,toc 5toc 5Ó  ÓÓÿÿ4Œ ”ìÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ>4ÿÿX°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>Ó85Tÿÿ,toc 6toc 6Ó  ÓÓ ÿÿ4Œ ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ>4ÿÿX°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>Ó8!ÿÿ,toc 7toc 7Ó  ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  Ô85Tÿÿ,toc 8toc 8Ó  ÓÓ ÿÿ4Œ ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ>4ÿÿX°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>Ó85Tÿÿ,toc 9toc 9Ó  ÓÓ ÿÿ4Œ ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ>4ÿÿX°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>Ó@8Tÿÿ0index 1index 1Ó  ÓÓ ÿÿ4Œ ä ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ>4ÿÿX°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>Ó@8Tÿÿ0index 2index 2Ó  ÓÓ ÿÿ4Œ ä ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ>4ÿÿX°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>ÓP5Tÿÿ8toa headingtoa headingÓ  ÓÓ ÿÿ4¬&ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ>4ÿÿX°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>Ó@!ÿÿ0captioncaptionÓ  ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  Ô^ÿÿ:_Equation Ca_Equation CaptionÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  Ô #Ý ƒLÇ)ÝÔ€XÏðXôôÔÔ€XÏðXXXÏðÔÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÓÈÓÓ  ÓÔ  ÔÌÓÈÓÒ4ÒÒXÒÓ  ÓÔ€XÓÉXXXÏðÔÔ@  ÔÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚÔA  ÔÐ ( È ÐÒ°ÒÒ°ÒÓ  ÓÓ?+ÿÿ °4Œ ä <”ìDœôL¤ü!°œX?ÓÔ€XÏðXXXÓÉÔÌÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÓB+ÿÿ 4Œ ä <”ìDœôL¤ü!T$ÿÿ°4‹XBÓ(e2LÇ$©©Ý ƒæ„!ÝÔ€XÏðXôôÔÔ€XÏðXXXÏðÔÓ  ÓÝ  Ý%ä2¼A`ArialTT Ö€Ö JÝ ƒLÇ)ÝÔ€XÏðXôôÔÔ€XÏðXXXÏðÔÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÓ?+ÿÿ 4Œ ä <”ìDœôL¤ü!T$°œX?ÓÓÈÓÌÓÈÓÒ4ÒÒXÒÓ  ÓÔ€XÓÉXXXÏðÔÔ@  ÔÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚÔA  ÔÐ ( È ÐÒ°ÒÒ°ÒÓ  ÓÓ?+ÿÿ °4Œ ä <”ìDœôL¤ü!ÿÿ4ŒX?ÓÔ€XÏðXXXÓÉÔÌÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÓB+ÿÿ 4Œ ä <”ìDœôL¤ü!T$ÿÿ°4‹XBÓ(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý3|x¦«ô\  `*Times New RomanTTôôCô\  PŽ6QôPô\  `*Times New RomanTTXXPô\  PŽ6QXP%ä2¼A`ArialTTomanTTXXXä2¼P±ŠQXP<þ6X9`("Courier NewTTTTXXxþ6X@ÉDQX@(Jæ„$¡¡Ô€Xo¼XôôÔÔ€Xo¼XXXo¼ÔÓ  Ó, øð AZ‹"Arial Regular ‘’“”D•D–D—Ó€£D¤ø‚& Ý ƒ(¯"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€-ôåSôôôÔÔ€-DÈô-ôåSÔÓ  ÓÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€-X¼”X-DÈÔÐ  ÐÌò òMay€20,€1999Ð šš ÐÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€-ôåSôX-X¼”ÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó,,,,'ÿÿdxd'()*Cþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó++'÷ÿ dxdüÿP Pd d,kû¤AZ‹"Arial Regular Ý ƒ(¯"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€/ôåSôôôÔÔ€/DÈô/ôåSÔÓ  ÓÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€/X¼”X/DÈÔÐ  ÐÌò òMay€17,€1999Ð šš ÐÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€/ôåSôX/X¼”ÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó,kû¤AZ‹"Arial RegularÝ ƒæ„!ÝÔ€XÏðXôôÔÔ€XÏðXXXÏðÔÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ€XÓÉXXXÏðÔÔ‡!X¼”XXXÓÉÔÑTR[  AØ'3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÑ` °ÑÑܰÑÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÖ€ÿÿÖÑ  ÑÓÈÓÓ  ÓÔ  Ôñ¤ññ—ñßr€&$%<,(j 8` `€€@E f ` ttx$X` ð Úrßñ—ññ¤ññ¤ñßr€&.%<,(j 8` `€€@E f ` ttx$X` ð Úrßñ¤ñÌÓÈÓÒ4ÒÒXÒÓ  Óñ£ñÔ@  ÔÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚÔA  Ôñ£ñÌÒ°ÒÒ°ÒÓ  ÓÓ?+ÿÿ °4Œ ä <”ìDœôL¤ü!°œX?ÓÌÒ4°ÒÒX°ÒÓB+ÿÿ 4Œ ä <”ìDœôL¤ü!T$ÿÿ°4‹XBÓÌÑ€Ñò òà@Z Z ÚàòòIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEóóˆÐ Ú z Ðà@ÚÚ0ÚàˆÌà@ÿÿ*ÚàòòAT€KNOXVILLEó óóóˆÐ ²R ÐÌà@22&ÚàJANUARY€1999€SESSIONˆÌÌÌÌò òTIM€DENTONó ó,à < àà ” àà ì à*à D àC.C.A.€NO.€03C01„9712„CR„00536€Ð ¼  ÐÌà Œ àAPPELLANT,à ” àà ì à*à D àMORGAN€COUNTYÐ îŽ  ÐÌVS.à Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì à*à D àHon.€E.€Eugene€EblenÐ ºZ ÐÌò òSTATE€OF€TENNESSEEó ó,à ” àà ì à*à D à(Habeas€Corpus)Ð †& Ðà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àà œ àà ô àà L àà ¤ àà ü! àà T$ à€€€€€€Ïà Œ àAPPELLEE.à < àà ” àà ì à*à D àÐ Xø Ðà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àÌà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àÌà Œ àà ä àÌòòÌÌFor€Appellantóó:à < àà ” àà ì àà D àòòFor€Appelleeóó:Ð ¼ \ ÐÌTim€Denton,€pro€seà < àà ” àà ì àà D àJohn€Knox€WalkupÐ ˆ"( ÐM.€C.€R.€C.€F.€Box€2000à ” àà ì àà D àAttorney€General€and€ReporterÐ n# ÐWartburg,€TN€€37887à ” àà ì àà D à450€James€Robertson€ParkwayÐ T$ô Ðà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àNashville,€TN€€37243„0493ÌÌà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àEllen€PollackÌà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D à425€Fifth€Avenue€NorthÌà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àNashville,€TN€€37243„0493ÌÌà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àFrank€HarveyÌà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àP.O.€Box€703Ìà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àKingston,€TN€37763à ¤ à€Ð 6.Ö$) ÐÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:€€____________________ÌÌÌÌAFFIRMED€ÌÌÌ€ÌNORMA€MCGEE€OGLE,€JUDGEÌÌà@ÚÚ0ÚàˆÐ Ê:j17F ÐÑÑÖ€˜ÖÑ  ÑÌÔ& Ò ÔÓ  Óò òòòÔ  ÔOPINIONÔ -Ôó óóóÐ F æ ÐÓ  ÓÔ'ÒF ÔÌÓÓà Œ àà ä àThe€petitioner,€Tim€Denton,€appeals€the€Morgan€County€CriminalÏCourtððs€dismissal€of€his€petition€for€a€writ€of€habeas€corpus.€€On€November€27,€1989,Ïa€Cocke€County€Grand€Jury€indicted€the€appellant€for€aggravated€rape,€armedÏrobbery,€and€aggravated€kidnapping,€occurring€in€August€of€1989.€€Following€a€trialÏby€jury,€the€Cocke€County€Criminal€Court€convicted€the€petitioner€of€all€threeÏoffenses€and€imposed€an€effective€sentence€of€twenty„two€(22)€years€incarcerationÏin€the€Tennessee€Department€of€Correction.€€Ìà Œ àà ä àÌà Œ àà ä àThe€petitioner€filed€a€pro€se€petition€for€a€writ€of€habeas€corpus€onÏApril€10,€1997.€€On€November€6,€1997,€the€Morgan€County€Criminal€Court€dismissedÏthe€petition€without€appointing€counsel€or€conducting€an€evidentiary€hearing.€€TheÏtrial€court€based€its€summary€dismissal€of€the€petition€on€the€decision€of€ourÏsupreme€court€in€òòState€v.€Hillóó,€holding€that€the€facts€and€circumstances€of€theÐ ¨!H Ðpetitionerððs€case€fall€within€the€purview€of€òòHillóó.€€954€S.W.2d€725€(Tenn.€1997).€€Ð t# Ðà Œ àà ä àÌà Œ àà ä àOn€appeal,€the€petitioner€presents€two€issues€for€our€review:ÌÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àà Œ àà 4 àà Œ àà ä à(I)€€whether€the€trial€court€erred€by€dismissing€his€petitionÏfor€a€writ€of€habeas€corpus€without€appointing€counsel€orÏconducting€an€evidentiary€hearing;€and€Ð ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àà Œ àà 4 àà Œ àà ä à(II)€€whether€the€indictment€for€aggravated€rape,€armedÏrobbery,€and€aggravated€kidnapping€in€his€case€wasÏfatally€defective€for€failure€to€allege€the€requisite€mensÏrea,€thereby€depriving€the€convicting€court€of€jurisdiction.Ð ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÌÓÓFollowing€a€thorough€review€of€the€record,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.Ìâ âÓ  ÓòòÐ º2Z). ÐÔ& à Ôâ âò òÔ  ÔAnalysisÔ ‚Ôó óóóÐ `  ÐÓ  Óà Œ àà ä àThe€petitioner,€citing€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€8„14„205€and€Supreme€CourtÏRule€13,€ðð€1,€argues€that€he€has€a€constitutional€right€to€counsel€in€habeas€corpusÏproceedings.€€In€addition,€the€petitioner€contends€that€the€trial€courtððs€summaryÏdismissal€of€his€petition€for€a€writ€of€habeas€corpus€denied€him€due€process€of€law.€ÏHowever,€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€€29„21„109€(1980)€provides€that€A[i]f,€from€theÏshowing€of€the€petitioner,€the€plaintiff€would€not€be€entitled€to€any€relief,€the€writ€mayÏbe€refused...ðð€€Moreover,€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ñ?ññ>ñsñ>ññ?ññAññ?ñSñ?ññ@ñsñ@ññAññ@ññ@ññAñððñAññ@ñ€ñ@ññ>ñ'ñ>ññBñ€ñBñ40„14„204€(1997)€provides€forÏappointment€of€counsel€in€habeas€corpus€proceedings€òòonly€as€necessaryóó.€€Finally,Ð @à Ðthere€is€no€constitutional€right€to€counsel€in€habeas€corpus€proceedings.€€òòSeeóóÐ  À ÐòòWeatherly€v.€Stateóó,€704€S.W.2d€730,€732€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1985).€€Thus,€we€haveÐ   Ðheld€that€when€a€petition€has€been€competently€drafted€and€conclusively€shows€thatÏthe€petitioner€is€entitled€to€no€relief,€the€trial€court€may€order€the€petition€dismissedÏwithout€the€appointment€of€counsel€and€without€an€evidentiary€hearing.€€òòFredrick€v.Ð  #@ ÐStateóó,€906€S.W.2d€927,€930€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).€€òòSeeóó€òòalsoóó€òòRussell€v.€Willisóó,Ð €%  Ð437€S.W.2d€529,€531€(Tenn.€1969);€òòState€ex€rel.€Byrd€v.€Bomaróó,€381€S.W.2d€280,Ð `'  Ð282€(Tenn.€1964).Ô'à@ ÙÔÌÌà Œ àà ä àAccordingly,€the€propriety€of€the€trial€courtððs€summary€denial€of€relief€inÏthis€case€depends€upon€the€merits€of€the€petitionerððs€claim€that€his€convictions€forÏaggravated€rape,€armed€robbery,€and€aggravated€kidnapping€are€void€because€theÏindictment€charging€those€offenses€failed€to€allege€the€mens€rea€elements€of€theÏoffenses.€€We€conclude€that€the€indictment€was€sufficient€and€the€trial€court€correctlyÏdismissed€the€petition€for€habeas€corpus€relief.Ð `6-0 Ðà Œ àà ä àÌà Œ àà ä àInitially,€the€record€does€not€contain€the€count€of€the€indictmentÏcharging€armed€robbery.€€Moreover,€the€record€does€not€contain€the€judgments€ofÏconviction€indicating€which€counts€of€the€five€count€indictment€resulted€inÏconvictions.€€A€trial€court€may€dismiss€a€habeas€corpus€petition€for€failure€to€attachÏthe€judgment€forms.€€Tenn.€Code.€Ann.€ðð€29„21„107€(1980).€€Notwithstanding€thisÏrule,€Acourts€may€take€judicial€notice€ofñbñ...ñbññbñ€Y€ñbñcourt€records€in€an€earlier€proceeding€ofÏthe€same€case€and€the€actions€of€the€courts€thereon.ðð€€òòDelbridge€v.€Stateóó,€742Ð €  ÐS.W.2d€266,€267€(Tenn.€1987).€€Additionally,€the€appellate€courts€are€authorized€toÏsupplement€incomplete€records€by€the€terms€of€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€24(e),€and€mayÏalso€consider€the€contents€of€their€own€court€records€in€their€consideration€of€relatedÏcases.€€Accordingly,€we€will€address€the€merits€of€the€petitionerððs€claim.Ìà Œ àà ä àÌà Œ àà ä àIn€òòState€v.€Hillóó,€954€S.W.2d€at€726„27,€our€supreme€court€set€forth€theÐ À!` Ðfollowing€standard€for€reviewing€the€sufficiency€of€an€indictment:ÌÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àà Œ àà 4 àà Œ àà ä à[F]or€offenses€which€neither€expressly€require€nor€plainlyÏdispense€with€the€requirement€for€a€culpable€mentalÏstate,€an€indictment€which€fails€to€allege€such€mentalÏstate€will€be€sufficient€to€support€prosecution€andÏconviction€for€that€offense€so€long€asÐ ä Ð ä Ð  Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àà8<ä Ð ä Ð àà ä àà Œ àà 4 àà Œ àà ä àà < àÐ <x<x Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àà8<ä Ð ä Ð àà ä àà Œ àà 4 àà Œ àà ä àà < à(1)€the€language€of€the€indictment€isÏsufficient€to€meet€the€constitutionalÏrequirements€of€notice€to€the€accused€ofÏthe€charge€against€which€the€accused€mustÏdefend,€adequate€basis€for€entry€of€aÏproper€judgment,€and€protection€fromÏdouble€jeopardy;Ð <x<x Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àà8<ä Ð ä Ð àà ä àà Œ àà 4 àà Œ àà ä àà < àÐ <x<x Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àà8<ä Ð ä Ð àà ä àà Œ àà 4 àà Œ àà ä àà < à(2)€the€form€of€the€indictment€meets€theÏrequirements€of€Tenn.€Code.€Ann.€ðð€40„13„¼202€[which€requires€that€an€indictment€useÏñdñð ðñdññeñoñeññcñAñcññdñoñdñrdinary€and€concise€languageðð];€andÐ <x<x Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àà8<ä Ð ä Ð àà ä àà Œ àà 4 àà Œ àà ä àà < àÐ`6-0<x<x Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àà8<ä Ð ä Ð àà ä àà Œ àà 4 àà Œ àà ä àà < à(3)€the€mental€state€can€be€logically€inferredÏfrom€the€conduct€alleged.Ð <x<x ÐÌÓÓThe€court€concluded€in€òòHillóó€that€an€indictment€for€aggravated€rape€was€sufficientÐ 0 Ð Ðbecause€it€satisfied€constitutional€and€statutory€requirements,€and€ñfñAñfññgñð ð€ñgñthe€act€for€whichÏthe€defendant€[was]€indicted,€ñiñðð€ñiññhñ>ñhñunlawful€sexual€penetrat[ion]ðð...is€committable€only€ifÏthe€principal€actorððs€mens€rea€is€intentional,€knowing,€or€reckless.€€Thus,€theÏrequired€mental€state€may€be€inferred€from€the€nature€of€the€criminal€conductÏalleged.ðð€€òòId.óó€at€729.Ð 0  ÐÌà Œ àà ä àTurning€to€the€case€at€hand,€the€petitionerððs€offenses€occurred€prior€toÏthe€effective€date€of€the€1989€criminal€code.€€The€courtððs€decision€in€òòHillóó€specificallyÐ 0Ð Ðaddressed€offenses€in€the€1989€code€for€which€the€statute€defining€the€offense€omitsÏthe€required€mens€rea€but€does€not€plainly€dispense€with€a€mens€rea.€€For€thoseÏoffenses,€the€1989€code€provides€in€a€separate€statute€that€intent,€knowledge,€orÏrecklessness€will€suffice.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„11„301€(c)€(1997).€€Accordingly,Ïseveral€opinions€of€this€court€declined€to€apply€òòHillóó€in€the€context€of€pre„1989Ð $0 Ðoffenses,€and€instead€analyzed€the€sufficiency€of€the€indictment€under€the€law€inÏeffect€at€the€time€of€the€offenses.€€òòSee,€e.g.,óó€òòHughes€v.€Comptonóó,€No.€02C01„9611„Ð P(ð! ÐCC„00408,€1997€WL€786170,€at€*1€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Jackson,€December€23,Ï1997),€òòperm.€to€appeal€deniedóó,€(Tenn.€1998);€òòKing€v.€State€óó,€No.€01C01„9710„CR„Ð ,°"% Ð00487,€1998€WL€712345,€at€**2„4€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Nashville,€October€13,Ï1998),€òòperm.€to€appeal€deniedóó,€(Tenn.€1999);€òòAli€v.€Stateóó,€No.€03C01„9706„CC„Ð Ð/p&) Ð00207,€1998€WL€166481,€at€*1€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Knoxville),€òòperm.€to€appealÐ °1P(+ Ðdeniedóó,€(Tenn.€1998);€òòOrren€v.€Carltonóó,€No.€03C01„9704„CR„00141,€1998€WLÐ 30*- Ð57551,€at€**2„3€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Knoxville),€òòperm.€to€appeal€deniedóó,€(Tenn.Ð p5,/ Ð1998);€òòOððQuinn€v.€Carltonóó,€No.€03C01„9703„CR„00084,€1998€WL€47947,€at€*2Ð `  Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Knoxville),€òòperm.€to€appeal€deniedóó,€(Tenn.€1998);€òòTomlinson€v.Ð @ à ÐCarltonóó,€No.€03C01„9610„CR„00389,€1997€WL€604573,€at€**2„3€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€atÐ  À ÐKnoxville,€October€2,€1997),€òòperm.€to€appeal€denied,€concurring€in€results€onlyóó,Ð   Ð(Tenn.€1998).€€Ìà Œ àà ä àÌà Œ àà ä àHowever,€in€òòDykes€v.€Comptonóó,€978€S.W.2d€528€(Tenn.€1998),€theÐ  @  Ðsupreme€court€reviewed€the€sufficiency€of€an€indictment€for€aggravated€rapeÏpursuant€to€the€Sexual€Offenses€Law€of€1979.€€Noting€that€the€1979€statute€forÏaggravated€rape€neither€required€nor€plainly€dispensed€with€a€culpable€mental€state,Ïthe€court€ruled€that€the€òòHillóó€standard€applies€to€cases€under€the€1979€Act€as€well€asÐ  À Ðthe€1989€Act.€€òòId.óó€at€530.€€òòSee€also,€e.g.,óó€òòHarris€v.€Raneyóó,€No.€02C01„9808„CC„Ð   Ð00240,€1999€WL€134732,€at€*1€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€at€Jackson,€March€12,€1999).€ÏThus,€the€òòDykesóó€opinion€effectively€overruled€the€cases€mentioned€above€to€theÐ À!` Ðextent€that€this€court€declined€to€apply€òòHillóó€to€pre„1989€offenses.Ð  #@ Ðà Œ àà ä àÌà Œ àà ä àAccordingly,€we€must€apply€the€òòHillóó€standard€to€the€indictment€in€thisÐ `'  Ðcase.€€Count€one€of€the€indictment€alleged€aggravated€rape.€€At€the€time€of€theÏoffense,€aggravated€rape€was€defined,€in€part,€as€ÌÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àà Œ àà 4 àà Œ àà ä àunlawful€sexual€penetration€of€another€accompanied€byÏany€of€the€following€circumstances:ñkñ...ñkññlñ€ñlññjñYñjñ€[f]orce€or€coercionÏis€used€to€accomplish€the€act€and€the€defendant€is€armedÏwith€a€weaponñmñ€Yñmññnñ..ñnñ.€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ï€€€€€€€Ð ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÓÓÒ^ÜXÒÓ|ÿÿ(4Œ ä <”ìDœôL¤ü!T$¬&)\+´- 0d2¼47l9Ä;>t@ÌB$E|GÔI,L„NÜP4SŒUäWñ‰ññŠñañŠñttacks€upon€indictments,€especially€ofÐ `6-0 Ðthis€kind,€from€the€broad€and€enlightened€standpoint€ofÏcommon€sense€and€right€reason€rather€than€from€theÏnarrow€standpoint€of€petty€preciosity,€pettifogging,Ïtechnicality€or€hair€splitting€fault€finding.ðð€€Ð ä Ð ä Ð  Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àà Œ àà 4 àà Œ àà ä àÐ ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÓÓWe€conclude€that€the€language€of€the€indictment€charging€armed€robbery,€whichÏprecisely€tracked€the€language€of€the€statute,€provided€adequate€notice€to€theÏpetitioner€of€the€offense€charged,€a€basis€for€the€entry€of€a€judgment,€and€protectionÏfrom€double€jeopardy.€€ÌÌà Œ àà ä àFurthermore,€the€language€of€the€indictment€was€concise€andÏunderstandable,€and€the€requisite,€specific€intent€could€be€logically€inferred€from€theÏallegations€contained€in€the€charge.€€Similar€to€the€aggravated€rape€indictment,€theÏarmed€robbery€indictment€alleged€that€the€petitioner€forcibly€took€property€from€theÏvictim€by€violence€or€placing€the€victim€in€fear€and€while€the€petitioner€was€armedÏwith€a€pistol.€€Admittedly,€the€offense€of€aggravated€rape€only€required€a€generalÏintent,€while€armed€robbery€required€a€specific€intent€to€deprive€the€owner€of€theÏproperty€taken.€€Nevertheless,€we€believe€that€nothing€less€than€this€specific€intentÏcould€be€inferred€from€the€conduct€alleged.€€Ìà Œ àà ä àÌà Œ àà ä àWe€note€that,€in€òòRuffóó,€978€S.W.2d€at€100,€the€supreme€court€approvedÐ 0*Ð # Ðan€indictment€charging€the€defendant€with€aiding€and€abetting€an€aggravated€rape,Ïthe€offense€occurring€after€the€effective€date€of€the€1989€criminal€code.€€While€theÏindictment€cited€the€aggravated€rape€statute,€the€indictment€did€òònotóó€cite€the€criminalÐ Ð/p&) Ðresponsibility€statute,€which€requires€that€a€defendant€act€Aòòwith€intentóó€to€promote€orÐ °1P(+ Ðassist€the€commission€of€the€offense,€or€to€benefit€in€the€proceeds€or€results€of€theÏoffense€....ðð€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€€39„11„402€(1997)(emphasis€added).€€Ð p5,/ Ðà Œ àà ä àÌà Œ àà ä àThe€supreme€court€in€òòRuffóó€concluded€its€discussion€by€stating€that,Ð @ à ÐAwhere€the€constitutional€and€statutory€requirements€outlined€in€òòHillóó€are€met,€anÐ  À Ðindictment€which€cites€the€pertinent€statute€and€uses€its€language€will€be€sufficient€toÏsupport€a€conviction.ðð€€òòId.óó€at€100.€€However,€we€fail€to€comprehend€how€citation€toÐ à€ Ðthe€aggravated€rape€statute€in€that€case€rendered€the€specific€intent€required€by€theÏcriminal€responsibility€statute€more€easily€inferable.€€Once€again,€we€decline€to€holdÏthat€citation€to€the€relevant€statute€is€a€prerequisite€to€sufficiency€of€the€indictment.€ÏThe€language€of€the€indictment€in€this€case€was€adequate€under€the€òòHillóó€standard.Ð ` Ðà Œ àà ä àÌà Œ àà ä àCount€five€of€the€petitionerððs€indictment€charged€the€offense€ofÏaggravated€kidnapping.€€At€the€time€of€the€petitionerððs€offense,€an€aggravatedÏkidnapping€occurred€when€a€ÌÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àà Œ àà 4 àà Œ àà ä àpersonñŒñ...ñŒññŒñ€Y€ñŒñunlawfully€seizes,€confines,€inveigles,€entices,Ïdecoys,€abducts,€conceals,€kidnaps€or€carries€awayÏanother€with€the€felonious€intent€to:ññ...ññññ€Y€ññ[d]etain€the€otherÏagainst€his€will;ñŽñ...ñŽññŽñ€Y€ñŽñwhenññ...ññññ€Y€ññ[the]€defendant€is€armed€with€aÏdeadly€weapon.€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ð ä Ð ä Ð  Ðà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àà Œ àà 4 àà Œ àà ä àÐ ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÓÓTenn.€Code.€Ann.€ðð€39„2„301€(1982).€€The€petitionerððs€indictment€contained€theÏfollowing€language:ÌÓÓà8 Œ àà8ä Œ (#Œ (#àà Œ àà 4 àà Œ àà ä àthat€Tim€Dentonññ...ññññ€Y€ññonñ‘ñ...ñ‘ññ‘ñ€Y€ñ‘ñAugust,€1989,ñ’ñ...ñ’ññ’ñ€Y€ñ’ñdid€unlawfully,€andÏfeloniously€seize,€confine,€inveigle,€entice,€decoy,€abduct,Ïconceal,€kidnap€or€carry€away€Dorothy€E.€Essary,€withÏthe€felonious€intent€to€detain€the€said€Dorothy€E.€EssaryÏagainst€her€will,€and€while€the€said€Dorothy€E.€EssaryÏwas€secretly€confined€or€unlawfully€detained,€said€secretÏconfinement€or€unlawful€detention€was€accomplishedÏwhile€the€defendants€were€armed€with€añ“ñ...ñ“ññ“ñ€Y€ñ“ñpistol.Ð ä Ð ä Ð  ÐÓÓà Œ àà ä àÌIn€this€instance,€the€statute€contained€the€requisite€mens€rea,€i.e.,€a€defendant€mustÏact€with€the€felonious€intent€to€detain€another€against€her€will.€€The€indictment€alsoÐ `6-0 Ðset€forth€this€required€intent.€€Accordingly,€the€petitionerððñ”ñÌñ”ñs€May€20,€1999€argument€isÏwithout€merit.Ìà Œ àà ä àÌà Œ àà ä àBecause€the€petitioner€cannot€prevail€on€either€procedural€orÏsubstantive€grounds,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.€ÌÌÓÓà0 Œ àà0ä Œ €%Œ €%àñ–ñà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àÐ ä €%ä €% Ðà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àÐ ä €%ä €% Ðà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àÐ ä €%ä €% Ðà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àñ–ññ•ñà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àÐ ä €%ä €% Ðà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àÐ ä €%ä €% Ðà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àÐ ä €%ä €% Ðà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àÐ ä €%ä €% Ðà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àÐ ä €%ä €% Ðà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àÐ ä €%ä €% Ðà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àÐ ä €%ä €% Ðà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àÐ ä €%ä €% Ðà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àÐ ä €%ä €% Ðà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àÐ ä €%ä €% Ðà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àÐ ä €%ä €% Ðà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àñ•ññ–ñà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àà < àÐ ä €%ä €% Ðà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà Œ àà < àñ–ñà < àà ” àà ì àà D àà œ àÐ ä €%ä €% Ðà0 Œ àà0ä Œ €%Œ €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0”<€%<€%àà0씀%”€%àà ” àà < àà ä àà Œ àà 4 àà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D à_________________________Ð ì€%ì€% Ðà0 Œ àà0ä Œ €%Œ €%àà0<ä €%ä €%àà0”<€%<€%àà0씀%”€%àà ” àà < àà ä àà Œ àà 4 àà Œ àà ä àà < àà ” àà ì àà D àNorma€McGee€Ogle,€JudgeÐ ì€%ì€% ÐÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ_________________________ÌJames€Curwood€Witt,€Jr.,€JudgeÌÌÌÌ_________________________ÌJohn€K.€Byers,€Senior€JudgeÌÌÔ#†X#£XX!X#£„#Ô