ÿWPCÐ ‚S,s×–qê±{,û£8Æ*uw0zÄk)Á¿l³$,ãB/ÈÍïòoóP@Ñ?Á{Kq Ž^H•ì ÐÆË¤Þo©êÛI·¢Ö#WM†µÂ kÿØ+ƶ6AN˜Êª†/ fŸY£ÏÇ£.¥ ‰Oõ8aß>Ðe<ªãÐÂJ÷m†.*ZÁ<åÁV¼@á{c¬ê X¢Y•nG™tÔÇsÓyë©éõmÉ&’÷’ön¼:ÎÄ9²x$’%ƒÑ‘HÈ3OÄ´›Bð•†æ,ìoZgކ„ÉÉ;,kMÙÀ:ö­é8P Ë[ nÚ,˜ =^l«oRAX.j³ú!ÔÈ–ÈV·HÍñ¬ ×ÕÕS®.(Œ§ô~ë6eFÜ•ÿà›4Ÿ“gÒd³%î9*˜Ï+ÄÛýÄUúg0ãæ¬—EÙiYö$W+_. áÅõ”Ò ð™¤ W{^t©õ(|,B ô{d`t¨¶20¶>×|ß ÇâåVùˆáqøÅÝÜLgƽ†>êtrÕÁ2°·þÝ©ævÎ µð!?A„Èó^hÔ… M èÏ;x+uÚ"¢¾áÄ%ØéÜÕ]2Œøüíø/$—nÎäSÙQ WS(}ž;JMÅ ± ‹äjOOÜçI!i¾Ö©á ÷ …# F UNQ %Ÿ 0(¥ U:Í b w@ 4O c r ãz U:] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] B— — — — — D3´ ´ ´ 0Dç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç ç AO+ Æz z 0D@ D/„ B³˜HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLhÎ(ÈhH  Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡,Ù¹6 AZ‹"Arial Regular- ù- ]^_`aIb)ecde{fÓ€uM%3|xo ÙÔ€ XÛgXXXÔÔ€ DYX XÛgÔÓ  Óò òÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€ XÛgX DYÔÐ  ÐÌMay€6,€1999ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔdAMÔó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular d%%%%'ÿÿdxd(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýñbñ›ñbññbñ›ñbñÑ` °ÑÒ°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€ŠAúŠXXÔÔ€Šf•ŠŠŠAúÔÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÑ€ÑÑ7€5hXXdìdÈ7ÑÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÓ  Óò òñfñœßr€ *<,(j 8` `€€@E f ` 8ttxPX` ð  rß›ñfñIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÐ `  ÐÌAT€NASHVILLEÌÌJANUARY€SESSION,€1999ÌÌÌÌÓ  ÓSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,€à À àà  à)à p àC.C.A.€NO.€01C01„9801„CR„00037€Ð ` Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)à p àó óÐ `  Ðà ` àà ¸ àAppellee,ò òà h àà À àà  à)à p àDAVIDSON€COUNTYÐ `  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)à p àÐ `  ÐV.à ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)à p àHON.€CHERYL€BLACKBURN,€€€€€Ð `  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)à p àJUDGE€€€€ó óÐ `  Ðò òGEORGE€DENNIS€FIELDS,€à À àà  à)à p àÐ ` Ðó óà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àò òà  à)ó óà p àò ò(SOLICITATION€TO€COMMITó ó€Ð ` Ðà ` àà ¸ àAppellant.à h àà À àò òà  à)à p à(FIRST€DEGREE€MURDER)Ð ` Ðó óÌÌÌòòFOR€THE€APPELLANTóó:à h àà À àà  àòòà p àFOR€THE€APPELLEEóó:Ð Hè ÐÌò òKARL€DEAN€à  àà h àà À àà  àà p àJOHN€KNOX€WALKUP€Ð 8Ø Ðó óDistrict€Public€Defenderà h àà À àà  àà p àAttorney€General€&€ReporterÐ 8 Ø ÐÌò òJEFFREY€A.€DeVASHERó óà À àà  àò òà p àTIMOTHY€BEHAN€Ð ("È Ðó óAssistant€Public€Defenderà À àà  àà p àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÐ (#È Ð(On€Appeal)à  àà h àà À àà  àà p à2nd€Floor,€Cordell€Hull€BuildingÐ  $À Ðò òà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àó óà À àà  àà p à425€Fifth€Avenue€North€Ð %¸ Ðò òRICHARD€TENNENTó óà h àà À àà  àà p àNashville,€TN€€37243Ð &° ÐAssistant€Public€DefenderÌ1202€Stahlman€Buildingà h àà À àà  àò òà p àELIZABETH€T.€RYANÐ (¨ Ðó óNashville,€TN37201à h àà À àà  àà p àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÐ )¨  Ð(At€œñcñTrialñcññcñ›Hearingñcñ)›Ìò òà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àó óà À àà  àà p àò òVICTOR€S.€JOHNSON,€IIIÐ ø*˜!" Ðó óà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÐ ø+˜"# Ðà ` àÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àò òROGER€MOORE€Ð è-ˆ$% Ðó óà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralÐ è.ˆ%& Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àWashington€Square,€Suite€500Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p à222€2nd€Avenue€North€Ì€à ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àNashville,€TN€37201„1649Ð Ð1p() ÐÌÌÌOPINION€FILED€________________________ÌÌAFFIRMED€AS€MODIFIEDÌÌTHOMAS€T.€WOODALL,€JUDGEÐ  9001 ÐÓ  ÓÔ€°ÿõ°ŠŠf•Ôò òòòOPINIONóóó óÔ€Šf•а°ÿõÔÐ `  ÐÌÌÓ  ÓÓÓà ` àThe€Defendant,€George€Dennis€Fields,€appeals€as€of€right€following€hisÏsentencing€in€the€Davidson€County€Criminal€Court.€€Defendant€pled€guilty€toÏsolicitation€to€commit€first€degree€murder.€€No€agreement€was€determined€as€to€theÏlength€or€manner€of€service€of€the€sentence.€€The€trial€court€sentenced€DefendantÏas€a€Range€I€Standard€Offender€to€eleven€(11)€years€of€incarceration.€€DefendantÏfiled€a€timely€notice€of€appeal.€€Subsequently,€Defendant€timely€filed€a€motion€forÏreduction€of€his€sentence€pursuant€to€Rule€35(b)€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€CriminalÏProcedure.€€Following€the€denial€of€this€motion,€Defendant€filed€a€separate€appeal.€ÏBoth€appeals€were€consolidated€by€order€of€this€court.€€We€affirm€the€judgment€ofÏthe€trial€court.ÌÌà ` àWhen€an€accused€challenges€the€length,€range€or€the€manner€of€service€of€aÏsentence,€this€court€has€a€duty€to€conduct€a€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€review€of€the€sentence€with€aÐ f$ Ðpresumption€that€the€determinations€made€by€the€trial€court€are€correct.€€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€ðð€40„35„401(d).€€This€presumption€is€ð ðconditioned€upon€the€affirmative€showingÏin€the€record€that€the€trial€court€considered€the€sentencing€principles€and€all€relevantÏfacts€and€circumstances.ðð€€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991).Ð &,Æ"# ÐÌà ` àIn€conducting€a€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€review€of€a€sentence,€this€court€must€consider:€(a)€theÐ 0¦&' Ðevidence,€if€any,€received€at€the€trial€and€the€sentencing€hearing;€(b)€the€presentenceÏreport;€(c)€the€principles€of€sentencing€and€arguments€as€to€sentencing€alternatives;Ï(d)€the€nature€and€characteristics€of€the€criminal€conduct€involved;€(e)€any€statutoryÏmitigating€or€enhancement€factors;€(f)€any€statement€that€the€defendant€made€on€hisÏown€behalf;€and€(g)€the€potential€or€lack€of€potential€for€rehabilitation€or€treatment.€Ð ¶9V01 ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€40„35„102,€„103,€and€„210;€òòseeóó€òòState€v.€Smithóó,€735€S.W.2dÐ `  Ð859,€863€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1987).€€ÌÌà ` à€€The€State€summarized€its€proof€at€the€guilty€plea€hearing€as€follows:ÌÓÓà8 ` à.€.€.€[P]rior€to€August€29,€1996,€Deputy€Mike€Watson€of€the€SumnerÏCounty€Sheriffððs€Department€received€information€from€an€informant,€anÏindividual,€actually,€it€was€Butch€Vaughn,€to€the€effect€that€he€had€beenÏcontacted€or€had€conversation€with€this€Defendant€about€a€possible€hit;Ïthat€is,€a€solicitation€to€commit€murder,€the€victim€being€a€Mr.€PaulÏMartin.€€Deputy€Watson€contacted€agents€of€the€Tennessee€Bureau€ofÏInvestigation€and€Agent€Richard€Stout,€who€is€present€here€today,€wasÏassigned€to€the€case.Ð ` (#` (# ÐÌà8 ` àThey€arranged€for€another€agent,€Joe€Copeland,€to€play€the€part€of€a€hitÏman,€and€arrangements€were€made€to€meet€with€the€Defendant,€Mr.ÏFields,€on€August€29,€1996;€that€meeting€took€place€at€the€Knightððs€InnÏon€Trinity€Lane,€here€in€Davidson€County,€Tennessee€.€.€and€theÏmeeting€was€videotaped.€€Present€in€the€room€were€the€undercoverÏagent,€Mr.€Copeland,€Butch€Vaughn,€and€the€Defendant,€and€during€theÏcourse€of€the€recording,€the€discussion€was€made€to€have€Mr.€MartinÏkilled.€€Finances€were€discussed.€€Mr.€Fields€left€the€first€meeting€andÏreturned€at€approximately€12:30€p.m.,€and€again,€all€this€is€onÏvideotape;€counted€out€or€paid€a€thousand€dollars€($1,000.00)€as€downÏpayment€on€the€contract€with€Mr.€Copeland,€who,€again,€was€posing€asÏthe€hit€man.€€Mr.€Fields€was€arrested€at€that€time.Ð ` (#` (# ÐÌÓÓÌà ` àVideotapes€and€audiotapes€of€telephone€conversations€between€theÏDefendant,€Copeland,€and€Vaughn€were€also€admitted€into€evidence.ÌÌà ` àThe€Defendantððs€proof€at€the€sentencing€hearing€consisted€of€severalÏcharacter€witnesses.€€Leslie€Cunningham€Greer€testified€that€she€had€known€theÏDefendant€for€twenty€(20)€years,€first€meeting€him€when€he€was€a€police€officer€inÏFairview.€€She€described€the€Defendant€as€a€good€friend€and€father,€however€he€didÏbecome€depressed€in€the€summer€of€1996€due€to€his€marital€problems.€€DefendantÐ  :À00 Ðwas€distressed€because€his€wife€had€left€him€for€another€man€and€had€taken€theirÏson€with€her.€€As€a€result,€the€Defendant€was€not€sleeping€or€eating,€and€he€was€notÏthinking€rationally.€€Recently,€Greer€had€seen€an€improvement€in€the€DefendantððsÏmental€health.ÌÌà ` àCathy€DeMartelli€met€the€Defendant€in€1981€while€he€served€as€a€policeÏofficer.€€DeMartelli€is€legally€blind€and€she€had€been€assisted€on€several€occasionsÏby€the€Defendant.€€She€described€the€relationship€between€the€Defendant€and€hisÏson€as€ð ðabout€the€closest€father€and€son€I€have€seen.ðð€€DeMartelli€did€not€believeÏDefendant€would€break€the€law€unless€the€situation€was€ð ðlife€or€death.ðð€€ÌÌà ` àLinda€Mallory€stated€she€had€known€the€Defendant€for€twenty„five€(25)€yearsÏthrough€their€work€in€law€enforcement.€€Defendant€was€ð ðone€of€the€bestðð€policeÏofficers€she€had€ever€known.€€Mallory€recalled€that€the€victim,€Paul€Martin,Ïtelephoned€the€Belle€Meade€Police€Department€on€one€occasion€while€she€wasÏworking€as€dispatcher.€€Martin€advised€her€to€tell€Defendant€that€Martin€was€on€hisÏway€to€the€police€station€and€that€he€intended€to€kill€the€Defendant€by€ð ðputting€aÏbullet€right€between€his€eyes.ðð€Mallory€further€described€some€recordings€ofÏtelephone€conversations€made€by€the€Defendant€of€calls€made€by€Martin€to€him.€ÏDuring€these€phone€calls,€Martin€told€Defendant€that,€ð ðIððve€got€your€wife.€€Iððve€gotÏyour€child.€€Iððm€going€to€get€your€home€and€Iððm€going€to€get€your€job.ðð€€ÌÌà ` àMallory€also€described€the€depression€Defendant€suffered€following€theÏseparation€from€his€family,€losing€forty€(40)€to€fifty€(50)€pounds€during€the€summerÏof€1996.€€While€the€Defendant€stated€that€he€hated€Martin€and€wished€he€were€dead,Ð  :À00 Ðshe€believed€the€Defendant€ð ðjust€brokeðð€and€ð ðlost€it€mentallyðð€when€he€solicitedÏsomeone€to€kill€Martin.ÌÌà ` àJo€Ann€Sloan,€next„door€neighbor€to€the€Defendant,€described€Defendant€asÏa€good€neighbor€and€noted€an€incident€wherein€the€Defendant€had€captured€a€manÏwho€was€burglarizing€her€home.€€Sloan€also€knows€the€victim,€Paul€Martin,€and€sheÏdescribed€him€as€someone€who€uses€and€sells€drugs.€€Sloan€notified€Defendant€ofÏMartinððs€drug€involvement€when€his€wife€and€child€moved€in€with€Martin.€€ÌÌà ` àEdward€DeMartelli€met€the€Defendant€while€he€served€as€a€police€officer€andÏthey€eventually€became€friends.€€He€described€various€acts€of€kindness€toward€hisÏmother€by€Defendant.€€While€Defendant€was€devastated€by€the€loss€of€his€job€as€aÏpolice€officer€following€his€arrest,€Defendant€had€regained€control€of€his€life€since€heÏreconciled€with€his€wife.ÌÌà ` àDefendantððs€wife,€Deborah€Fields,€testified€that€they€had€been€married€for€tenÏ(10)€years€and€that€he€was€ð ða€very€good€husband.ðð€€However,€they€did€encounterÏmarital€difficulties€in€the€spring€of€1996,€leading€to€her€moving€into€the€home€of€PaulÏMartin.€€Martin€was€providing€Deborah€Fields€with€marijuana.€€The€Defendant€wasÏonly€allowed€to€see€his€son€on€one€(1)€occasion€between€late€June€and€August€29,Ï1996.€€Fields€overheard€Martin€advise€the€Defendant€on€several€occasions€over€theÏtelephone€that€he€had€taken€the€Defendantððs€wife€and€son€and€was€planning€to€takeÏhis€house€and€job€as€well.€€She€knew€that€Defendant€was€emotionally€devastated€byÏlosing€her€and€their€son€during€that€summer.ÌÐ  :À00 Ðà ` àDeborah€Fields€testified€that€she€is€not€able€to€work€outside€of€the€home€asÏshe€cares€for€her€invalid€stepfather,€and€that€Defendant€must€work€to€support€themÏall.€€Since€their€reconciliation,€Martin€has€continued€to€call€her€and€threatened€toÏhave€the€Defendant€imprisoned€because€she€left€Martin.€€Furthermore,€if€theÏDefendant€was€not€imprisoned,€Martin€advised€her€that€he€would€ð ðtake€careðð€of€theÏDefendant€himself.€€ÌÌà ` àDefendant€testified€that€at€the€time€of€the€offense,€he€hated€the€victim€becauseÏthe€victim€had€taken€everything€away€from€him€in€life€that€was€important.€€During€thisÏperiod€he€wished€Martin€were€dead,€and€he€lost€more€than€sixty€(60)€pounds.€ÏDefendant€met€Butch€Vaughn€while€Vaughn€was€renovating€a€house€in€Belle€Meade.€ÏHe€told€Vaughn€about€his€marital€problems€and€asked€Vaughn€for€assistance€inÏdiscovering€where€Martin€was€selling€drugs€on€Dickerson€Road.€€Two€(2)€monthsÏlater,€Vaughn€called€Defendant€and€stated,€ð ðIððve€got€someone€to€take€care€of€yourÏproblem.ðð€€While€Defendant€claimed€he€thought€this€meant€that€Vaughn€had€locatedÏa€confidential€informant€who€would€buy€drugs€from€Martin,€he€acknowledged€that€heÏlater€met€with€Vaughn€and€an€undercover€agent€and€agreed€to€pay€$1,000.00€toÏhave€Martin€killed.€€Defendant€admitted€he€was€ashamed€of€his€actions.ÌÌà ` àDefendant€was€working€for€CSX€Railroad€at€the€time€of€the€sentencing€hearingÏand€worked€as€much€as€he€was€allowed.€€He€served€in€the€Vietnam€War€and€wasÏinjured€during€that€time.€€Defendant€requested€alternative€sentencing€so€that€heÏcould€be€a€father€to€his€son€and€because€his€status€as€a€former€police€officerÏsubjected€him€to€possible€physical€attacks€by€other€inmates.ÌÐ  :À00 Ðà ` àThe€trial€court€sentenced€Defendant€to€serve€eleven€(11)€years€in€theÏTennessee€Department€of€Correction.€€After€considering€each€relevant€sentencingÏfactor,€including€statutory€law,€the€facts€and€circumstances€of€the€case,€theÏpresentence€report€and€arguments€as€to€sentencing€alternatives,€the€trial€court€wentÏthrough€the€applicable€mitigating€and€enhancement€factors.€€First,€the€trial€courtÏfound€that€enhancement€factor€(1)€applied€as€Defendant€had€a€previous€history€ofÏcriminal€behavior€in€addition€to€that€necessary€to€establish€his€sentencing€range.€€ÏTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(1).€€The€trial€court€based€this€upon€DefendantððsÏadmission€on€the€audiotapes€wherein€Defendant€described€the€fight€he€had€withÏMartin€while€Martin€asserted€that€Defendant€held€a€gun€to€his€head.€€In€addition,Ïrecordings€of€later€telephone€conversations€Defendant€had€after€he€was€arrested€inÏthis€case€and€was€released€on€bond€demonstrated€that€he€was€still€seeking€to€haveÏMartin€killed.€€Also,€there€is€testimony€in€the€record€by€the€investigating€TBI€agentÏthat€Defendant€desired€to€have€Butch€Vaughn,€the€original€informant,€killed€afterÏDefendantððs€arrest.€€ÌÌà ` àThe€trial€court€found€that€factor€(9)€applied€because€Defendant€possessed€aÏhandgun€during€the€commission€of€his€offense.€€The€trial€court€also€noted€that€theÏDefendant€discussed€having€another€handgun€which€he€offered€to€use€as€part€of€theÏpayment€for€the€contract€to€kill€Mr.€Martin.€€In€addition€to€his€verbal€admonition€thatÏhe€was€carrying€his€police€gun,€the€gun€is€evident€in€the€videotape€showingÏDefendant€soliciting€the€murder€of€Paul€Martin.€€Finally,€the€trial€court€applied€factorÏ(15)€in€that€the€Defendant€abused€a€position€of€public€or€private€trust€or€used€aÏspecial€skill€in€a€manner€that€significantly€facilitated€the€commission€or€the€fulfillmentÏof€the€offense.€€The€trial€court€based€this€abuse€of€trust€upon€Defendantððs€status€ñbñœñbñasÐ  :À00 Ðañbñ›ñbñ€police€officer€and€ñbñœñbñrelied€uponñbñ›ñbñ€òòState€v.€Dockeryóó,€917€S.W.2d€258€ñbñœñbñ(Tenn.€Crim.€App.Ð `  Ð1995)€òòoverruled€on€other€grounds€by€óóòòState€v.€Troutmanóó,€979€S.W.2d€271€(Tenn.Ð h  Ð1998).ÌÌñbñ›ñbñà ` àIn€finding€that€enhancement€factor€(15)€applied,€the€trial€court€stated€asÏfollows:ÌÓÓà8 ` àFactor€number€fifteen€does€apply,€in€that€the€defendant€abused€aÏposition€of€public€or€private€trust,€or€used€a€special€skill€in€a€manner€thatÏsignificantly€facilitated€the€commission€or€the€fulfillment€of€the€offense.€ÏIt€is€clear€from€the€case€law€in€this€state€that€a€police€officer€is€in€aÏposition€of€public€trust,€and€when€he€violates€the€law,€this€factor€can€beÏused,€and€I€cite€for€authority,€òòState€v.€Dockeryóó,€which€is€found€at€917Ð ¤D ÐS.W.2d€258,€a€case€that€arose€out€of€Davidson€County€where€a€policeÏofficer€was€charged€with€DUI,€and€clearly,€his€position€of€public€trustÏwas€used€to€enhance€the€sentence€in€that€case.€€It€can€be€used€here.Ð ` (#` (# ÐÌà8 ` àIn€addition,€there€was€testimony€replete€throughout€the€sentencingÏhearing€that€the€defendant€was,€òòI€assumeóó,€a€role€model€for€youngÐ ¼ \ Ðchildren€as€a€police€officer.€€People€looked€up€to€him,€trusted€him.€€HeÏwas€in€a€position€of€public€trust.€€The€public€trusted€him€to€have€aÏweapon.€€He€had€it€with€him€when€he€solicited€someone€to€kill€anotherÏperson.€€Mr.€Fields€knew€what€the€procedures€were.€€If€there€isÏviolations€of€the€law,€if€there€are€threats,€if€there€are€matters€involvingÏyour€family€that€canððt€be€handled,€you€go€to€the€authorities.€€You€hireÏlawyers.€€You€call€the€police.€€You€do€not€hire€other€people€to€kill€otherÏpeople,€and€factor€number€fifteen€does€apply.€€Ð ` (#` (# ÐÌ(Emphasis€ñbñœñbñadded).Ìñbñ›ñbñÌÓÜ=ÓÌà ` àThe€trial€court€reviewed€the€mitigating€factors€which€Defendant€asserted€wereÏapplicable,€but€she€found€that€the€only€one€applicable€was€factor€(13).€€The€trial€courtÏcited€the€Defendantððs€service€in€the€military,€his€heart€condition,€and€the€great€dealÏof€support€he€had€from€his€family€as€ð ðcatchallðð€mitigating€factors€which€applied.€€Ìâ âÐ 7´-- Ðà ` àThe€Defendant€argues€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€applying€factors€(1),€(9),€andÏâ â(15)€of€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€40„35„114.€€Defendant€asserts€thatÏfactor€(1),€that€the€Defendant€has€a€previous€history€of€criminal€convictions€orÏcriminal€behavior,€is€typically€applied€where€a€defendant€has€an€extensive€criminalÏrecord.€€Also,€Defendant€cites€the€case€of€òòState€v.€Marshallóó,€870€S.W.2d€532,€541„42Ð €  Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993),€for€the€proposition€that€an€arrest€or€charge€is€notÏconsidered€evidence€of€the€commission€of€the€crime.€€While€we€agree€that€a€mereÏarrest€is€not€evidence€of€proof€of€criminal€behavior€as€stated€in€òòMarshallóó€and€òòStateÐ ˜8 Ðv.€Newsomeóó,€ñbñœñbñ798ñbñ›ñbñ€S.W.2d€542,€543€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1990),€there€was€more€thanÐ  @ Ðevidence€of€arrests€as€proof€of€Defendantððs€criminal€behavior.€€In€addition€toÏDefendantððs€own€description€of€his€assault€upon€the€victim,€audiotapes€of€telephoneÏconversations€were€also€entered€as€proof€of€Defendantððs€continued€criminal€behaviorÏin€attempting€to€solicit€someone€to€kill€the€victim.€€As€aptly€stated€by€a€panel€of€thisÏcourt,€the€rule€in€òòMarshallóó€prohibits€the€use€of€arrest€records€to€enhance€aÐ È#h Ðdefendantððs€sentence,€but€in€this€case,€however,€the€testimony€of€witnesses€wentÏfurther€than€mere€arrest€records€to€demonstrate€the€Defendantððs€prior€criminalÏbehavior.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Ted€Norrisóó,€No.€03C01„9606„CC„00212,€slip€op.€at€ñbñœñbñ5,ñbñ›ñbñ€ScottÐ à)€  ÐCounty€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€at€Knoxville,€December€9,€ñbñœñbñ1997),€òòpermóó.€òòappóó.€òòdeniedóóÐ è+ˆ"" Ð(Tenn.€1998).ñbñ›ñbñÌÌà ` àDefendant€further€argues€that€factor€(9),€that€the€Defendant€possessed€orÏemployed€a€firearm€during€the€commission€of€the€offense,€should€not€have€beenÏapplied€by€the€trial€court.€€He€asserts€that€nothing€in€the€record€suggests€that€the€gunÏhad€any€connection€to€the€offense€for€which€he€was€convicted.€€Defendant€cites€anÏopinion€by€a€panel€of€this€court€in€which€the€court€held€that€ð ðthe€facts€must€showÐ  :À00 Ðsome€reasonable€connection€between€the€defendantððs€conduct€or€state€of€mind€andÏthe€firearmðð€if€the€enhancement€factor€in€question€is€to€be€applied.€€òòState€v.€JohnnieÐ h  ÐM.€Burnsóó,€No.€1,€€slip€op.€at€3,€Obion€County€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€at€Jackson,€JanuaryÐ p  Ð6,€1988),€òòpermóó.€òòappóó.€òòdeniedóó€(Tenn.€1988).€€However,€as€the€trial€court€noted,€theÐ x ÐDefendant€made€reference€to€another€handgun€he€owned€which€he€offered€to€useÏas€partial€payment€for€the€solicitation€of€the€murder.ÌÌà ` àA€more€recent€opinion€of€this€court€held€that€factor€(9)€only€requires€a€showingÏthat€the€defendant€òòpossessed€or€employedóó€a€firearm€.€.€.€during€the€commission€ofÐ  @ Ðthe€offense.ðð€€òòState€v.€Johnny€Wayne€Tilleryóó,€No.€01C01„9506„CC„00182,€GilesÐ ¨H ÐCounty€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€at€Nashville,€March€30,€ñbñœñbñ1998),€òòpermóó.€òòappóó.€òòdeniedóó€(Tenn.Ð °P Ð1998).ñbñ›ñbñ€€In€òòTilleryóó,€the€court€reasoned€that€the€weapons€were€confiscated€from€theÐ ¸X Ðsame€room€where€cocaine€was€found€and€that,€under€those€circumstances,€aÏreasonable€connection€between€the€defendantððs€involvement€in€the€commission€ofÏcrime€and€the€possession€of€the€firearm€was€made.€€òòIdóó.,€slip€op€at€ñbñœñbñ19.ñbñ›ñbñ€€Similarly,€aÐ Ð%p Ðreasonable€connection€can€be€made€from€the€Defendantððs€possession€of€a€handgunÏin€his€vehicle€at€the€motel€during€the€commission€of€the€offense€ñbñœñbñand€heñbñ›ñbñ€offered€theÏhandgun€as€partial€payment€for€the€killing€of€Martin.ÌÌà ` àThe€Defendant€contends€that€the€trial€courtððs€application€of€factor€(15),€that€heÏabused€a€position€of€public€trust€or€used€a€special€skill€in€a€manner€that€significantlyÏfacilitated€the€commission€or€the€fulfillment€of€an€offense,€was€in€error.€€There€is€noÏquestion€that€Defendant,€at€the€time€of€the€offense,€held€a€position€of€public€trust€asÏa€police€officer.€€However,€we€respectfully€disagree€with€the€trial€courtððs€analysis€ofÐ 8¸.. ÐòòState€v.€ñbñœñbñDockeryóó,€917€S.W.2d€at€262,€andñbñ›ñbñ€her€application€of€factor€(15).€€TheÐ  :À00 Ðpertinent€requirement€for€application€of€(15)€is€that€the€Defendant€ð ðabusedðð€theÏposition€of€public€or€private€trust.€€This€requires€more€proof€than€the€fact€that€aÏdefendant€holds€a€position€of€public€or€private€trust€at€the€time€he€or€she€commits€aÏcriminal€offense.€€òòDockeryòòóó€óóis€not€in€conflict€with€this€reasoning.€€In€òòDockeryóó,€our€courtÐ x Ðnoted€that€the€trial€court€had€appropriately€placed€considerable€weight€toÏenhancement€factor€number€(15),€where€the€Defendant,€an€off„duty€police€officer€òòhadÐ ˆ(  Ðð ðused€his€knowledge€as€a€police€officer€to€find€a€business€willing€to€sell€alcoholÏbeyond€the€time€provided€by€lawóó.ðð€€òòDockeryóó,€at€262„63.€€(Emphasis€added).€€Ð ˜8 ÐÌà ` àIn€her€findings€at€the€conclusion€of€the€sentencing€hearing,€as€quoted€above,Ïthe€trial€court€did€not€specify€any€particular€proof€in€the€record€showing€how€theÏDefendant€in€this€case€used€his€particular€knowledge€or€skill€as€a€police€officer€toÏcommit€this€offense.€€We€have€carefully€reviewed€the€record,€including€the€audio„¼visual€tape€of€the€Defendant€committing€the€offense,€and€we€are€unable€to€findÏanything€in€the€record€where€the€State€was€able€to€prove€that€Defendant€used€hisÏposition€as€a€police€officer€to€commit€the€offense.ÌÌà ` àñbñœñbñThus,€weñbñ›ñbñ€ñbñœñbñconcludeñbñ›ñbñ€that€enhancement€factor€(15)€is€not€applicable€in€this€case.€ÏIn€applying€enhancement€and€mitigating€factors€in€order€to€sentence€Defendant,€theÏtrial€court€stated€as€follows:ÌÓÓÌà8 ` àI€find,€even€though€I€found€factors€one,€nine,€and€fifteen,€Iððm€not€goingÏto€give€much€weight€at€all€to€factor€number€nine€[possession€orÏemployment€of€firearm],€some€weight€to€factor€number€one;€however,Ïthe€greatest€weight€Iððm€giving€is€to€factor€number€fifteen,€and€that€is€theÏfact€that€Mr.€Fields€was€a€police€officer€who€was€in€a€position€of€publicÏtrust.€€He€was€a€role€model€to€young€children,€and€to€suggest€that€heÏhas€€suffered€enough€is€€just€not€appropriate€under€theseÏcircumstances.€.€.€.€Ð :À00` (#` (# Їà8 ` àThough€I€have€considered€the€factors,€the€enhancing€factors€or€theÏmitigating€factors,€Iððm€going€to€enhance€your€sentence€to€twelve€years.€ÏIððll€reduce€it€by€one€year€to€eleven€years,€based€on€your€prior€history.€€Ð ` (#` (# ÐÌÓÓ\ÓÌIt€is€obvious€from€the€record€that€the€trial€court€gave€considerable€weight€to€thisÏfactor€ñbñœñbñ(15)€inñbñ›ñbñ€reaching€a€sentence€of€eleven€(11)€years.€€However,€under€our€òòdeóó€òònovoóóÐ €  Ðreview,€we€disagree€with€the€weight€given€to€factor€(9)€by€the€trial€court.€€TheÏDefendant€anticipated€using€a€firearm€as€part€of€the€payment€to€a€person€who€heÏbelieved€to€be€a€professional€killer.€€We€feel€that€some€additional€weight€should€beÏattached€to€enhancement€factor€(9).€€Therefore,€taking€into€consideration€that€factorÏ(15)€was€erroneously€applied,€but€that€factor€(9)€was€not€given€the€appropriateÏweight€by€the€trial€court,€we€modify€the€sentence€to€ten€(10)€years€incarceration€inÏthe€Department€of€Correction.€€ÌÌà ` àIn€his€motion€for€reduction€of€sentence,€Defendant€argued€that€there€isÏsufficient€evidence€that€Defendant€was€suffering€from€a€mental€condition€thatÏsignificantly€reduced€his€culpability€for€the€offense€such€that€mitigating€factor€(8)€ofÏTennessee€Code€Annotated€section€40„35„113€should€have€been€applied.€€In€theÏlanguage€of€the€motion€and€at€the€hearing,€the€Defendant€argued€that€this€evidenceÏof€a€psychological€test€report€prepared€by€a€clinical€psychologist€was€not€discoveredÏuntil€after€the€sentencing€hearing.€€The€report€reflects€a€finding€that€the€DefendantÏsuffers€from€ð ðborderline€psychosis€with€antisocial€tendencies.ðð€€ÌÌà ` àA€sentence€may€only€be€modified€under€Rule€35(b)€of€the€Tennessee€RulesÏof€Criminal€Procedure€by€the€trial€court€where€ð ðan€alteration€of€the€sentence€may€beÏproper€in€the€interests€of€justice.ðð€€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€35(b),€Committee€Comments.€Ð  :À00 ÐThe€trial€court€considered€the€written€report€of€Joan€Schleicher€regarding€theÏDefendantððs€mental€state,€but€it€was€not€persuaded€that€this€evidence€could€not€haveÏbeen€presented€at€the€prior€sentencing€hearing.€€At€the€hearing,€Defendantððs€counselÏexplained€that€Defendantððs€daughter€knew€of€the€Defendantððs€prior€diagnosisÏconcerning€his€mental€state€and€had€provided€the€information€to€prior€counsel.€ÏHowever,€for€some€reason€unknown€to€current€counsel,€this€information€was€notÏpassed€on€to€him€by€the€former€counsel.€€In€addition,€while€Defendant€hadÏundergone€a€brief€mental€health€evaluation€prior€to€his€sentencing€hearing€in€whichÏDefendant€was€determined€to€have€ð ðinadequate€personality,ðð€Defendant€did€not€haveÏthe€monetary€funds€to€secure€further€mental€testing€prior€to€the€sentencing€hearing.€ÏThe€trial€court€found€that€the€Defendant€ð ðhad€ample€opportunity€to€obtain€andÏpresent€evidence€of€his€mental€state€before€the€original€sentencing€hearing€and€thatÏthe€interests€of€justice€do€not€require€a€reduction€in€sentence€in€this€case.ðð€€ÌÌà ` àThe€standard€of€review€for€a€Rule€35(b)€motion€is€whether€the€trial€court€hasÏabused€its€discretion.€€òòState€v.€Irickóó,€861€S.W.2d€375,€376€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).€Ð Ø'x ÐThere€is€nothing€in€the€record€to€indicate€that€the€trial€court€abused€its€discretion€inÏdenying€ñbñœñbñthe€motionñbñ›ñbñ€ñbñœñbñtoñbñ›ñbñ€ñbñœñbñreduce€thñZñeñZññ[ñisñ[ññbñ›ñbñ€ñbñœñbñsentenceñ\ñ€pursuant€to€Rule€35(b)ñ\ñ.ñbñ›ñbñ€€This€issue€is,Ïtherefore,€without€merit.ÌÌà ` àFinally,€we€address€the€Defendantððs€contention€that€he€should€have€beenÏgranted€an€alternative€sentence.€€Defendant€argues€that€since€the€trial€courtÏmisapplied€three€(3)€enhancement€factors,€the€sentence€of€eleven€(11)€years€wasÏexcessive€and€a€sentence€of€eight€(8)€years€is€appropriate.€€A€defendant€whoÏreceives€a€sentence€a€eight€(8)€years€or€less,€except€for€certain€offenses,€is€eligibleÐ  :À00 Ðfor€probation.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„303(a).€€However,€in€spite€of€DefendantððsÏarguments,€this€court€has€upheld€the€findings€of€the€trial€court€as€to€the€applicationÏof€two€(2)€enhancement€factors,€factors€(1)€and€(9)€of€Tennessee€Code€AnnotatedÏsection€40„35„114.€€Even€though€Defendantððs€sentence€has€been€modified€to€tenÏ(10)€years,€he€is€still€ineligible€for€any€type€of€ñbñœñbñprobationñ^ñ,ñ^ññ]ñ€including€split€confinementñ]ññ_ñ,ñ_ññ]ñÏwhich€he€specifically€requests€on€appealñ]ñ.ñbñ›ñbñ€€This€issue€is€without€merit.ÌÌà ` àñbñœñbññ`ñThe€sentence€of€Defendant€is€modified€to€ten€(10)€years€in€the€œñ`ññeññdñTennesseeñdññeññeñTennesseeñeññdñÏñdññ`ñDepartment›€of€Correction.€ñ`ññañWe›€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€as€modified.ñañÌà ` àÌÓÓà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à____________________________________Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àTHOMAS€T.€WOODALL,€JudgeÌÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌJOHN€H.€PEAY,€JudgeÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌDAVID€H.€WELLES,€Judgeà À àÐ ì,Œ## Ð