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ÔÔ€ÔÓ&€  X„d&ÓÑ#€  Xd#ÑÔ€!ÔÝ  ÝÒ 4 ÒÒ X ÒÑ ` ÑÑ Ü ÑòòÑ7€ö,XXdìdÈ7ÑÑ  ÑÑ\R AØ'\ÑÔ€"ÔÙ€€ÙßL€&($;+'h|` ç `€€Lßà@ àIN€THE€COURT€OFÏCRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEóóà@ àòòÌÌà@ àAT€NASHVILLEóóÌÌà@ àFEBRUARY€1995€SESSIONÌÌÌÌÌSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,€à à*à àC.C.A.€#€01C01„9403„CR„00081Ì€€Ìà àà àAPPELLEE,à àà à*à àHANCOCK€COUNTY€ÌÌVS.à àà àà àà àà à*à àHon.€Seth€Norman,€JudgeÌÌCLAUDE€FRANCIS€GARRETT,€à à*à à(Felony€Murder)€Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€Ìà àà àAPPELLANT.à à*ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌòòFor€the€Appellant:óóà àà àà àòòFor€the€Appellee:óóÌÌJoe€P.€Binkley,€Sr.à àà àà àCharles€W.€BursonÌAttorney€à àà àà àà àà àAttorney€General€and€ReporterÌ150€Second€Avenue€Northà àà à450€James€Robertson€ParkwayÌSuite€300à à€€à à€€à àà àà àNashville,€TN€€37243„0493ÌNashville,€TN€€37201€Ìà àà àà à€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Amy€L.€TarkingtonÌà àà àà àà àà à€€€€€Assistant€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àCriminal€Justice€DivisionÌà àà àà àà àà àà à450€James€Robertson€ParkwayÌà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€€37243„0493Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€John€Zimmerman€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ÏAssistant€District€Attorney€Ìà àà àà àà àà à€€€€€222€Second€Avenue€NorthÌà àà àà àà àà àà àSuite€500€Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€€37201„1649à àà àÌà àà àà àà àà àà à€€Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€à àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àÌÌOPINION€FILED:€€òò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÌÌÌÌÌAFFIRMEDÌÌÌÌÌGary€R.€Wade,€JudgeÇÓÓ€à@ àòòò òOPINIONÌó óóóà àà àThe€defendant,€Claude€Francis€Garrett,€was€convictedÏof€felony€murder€and€sentenced€to€life€imprisonment.€€This€isÏhis€appeal€of€right.€€€ÌÌà àà àIn€addition€to€his€challenge€to€the€sufficiency€of€theÏevidence,€the€defendant€presents€the€following€issues€for€ourÏreview:ÌÓÓà8 àà8 à(1)€whether€the€trial€court€erred€byÏrefusing€to€grant€a€mistrial€after€theÏstate€failed€to€disclose€exculpatoryÏevidence;ÌÌà8 àà8 à(2)€whether€the€trial€court€erred€byÏallowing€photographs€of€the€victim€to€beÏentered€into€evidence;ÌÌà8 àà8 à(3)€whether€the€trial€court€erred€byÏfailing€to€take€stronger€curative€measures€Ïafter€it€discovered€that€a€relative€of€theÏvictim€was€attempting€to€influenceÏprospective€witnesses;€andÌÌà8 àà8 à(4)€whether€the€trial€court€erred€byÏfailing€to€grant€a€new€trial€afterÏdiscovering€that€a€juror€was€untruthfulÏduring€voir€dire.ÌÌÌÌà àà àWe€find€no€error€and€affirmÓÓ.ÌÌà àà àAt€approximately€5:00€a.m.€on€February€24,€1992,€theÍvictim,€Lorie€Lance,€died€from€smoke€inhalation€when€a€fireÏengulfed€the€residence€she€shared€with€the€defendant.€€WhenÏfirefighters€arrived,€the€defendant€reported€that€he€had€escapedÏthe€blaze,€but€that€the€victim€was€still€inside.€€Later,Ïfirefighters€found€the€unconscious€victim€in€a€locked€utilityÏroom.€€A€large€window€in€the€room€had€been€covered€with€boards.€ÏEfforts€to€revive€the€victim€failed.€€ÌÌà àà àInvestigators€found€traces€of€kerosene€on€the€livingÏroom€floor,€a€kerosene€soaked€bedspread€in€front€of€theÏrefrigerator,€and€a€five€gallon€plastic€container€filled€withÏkerosene€between€the€refrigerator€and€the€utility€room.€€A€smokeÏdetector€from€which€the€battery€had€been€removed€was€found€onÏthe€utility€room€dryer.€€All€of€these€circumstances€suggestedÏthat€the€defendant€had€locked€the€victim€inside€the€room€andÏthen€set€the€house€on€fire.Ì€€€€€€€€€Ìà àà àAt€trial,€Sandra€Lee€Jones,€the€victim's€mother,Ïtestified€that€her€twenty„four„year„old€daughter€was€a€studentÏat€Volunteer€State€Community€College€and€was€an€employee€ofÏUno's€Pizzeria€at€the€time€of€her€death.€€Ms.€Jones,€diagnosedÏas€a€manic€depressive,€had€visited€her€daughter€on€severalÍoccasions€and€had€expressed€concern€about€her€daughter's€safetyÏbecause€her€residence€had€no€back€door.€€The€victim€hadÏinstalled€a€smoke€detector€in€the€kitchen€to€alleviate€herÏmother's€fears.€ÌÌà àà àMichael€Wayne€Alcorn,€who€lived€across€the€street€fromÏthe€victim€and€the€defendant,€testified€that€he€was€awakened€byÏhis€wife€on€the€night€of€the€fire€and€saw€flames€extending€fromÏthe€windows,€the€roof,€and€the€front€door.€€Alcorn,€who€saw€theÏdefendant€stooping€near€a€tree,€stated€that€he€started€to€crossÏthe€road€in€an€effort€to€help,€at€which€point€the€defendantÏpicked€up€a€lawn€chair,€began€breaking€windows€of€the€residence,Ïand€called€the€victim's€name.€€When€Alcorn's€son€Bobby€arrivedÏat€the€scene,€the€defendant€handed€him€an€axe,€and€began€toÏspray€water€through€one€of€the€windows.€€Alcorn€noted€that€theÏdefendant's€left€hand€had€been€badly€burned€and€that€his€facialÏhair€had€been€singed.€€He€described€the€defendant's€emotionalÏstate€as€"sort€of€cold."€ÌÌà àà àFireman€Patrick€Hunt€was€one€of€the€first€to€arrive€atÏthe€scene.€€He€testified€that€the€defendant€first€informed€HuntÏthat€he€had€last€seen€the€victim€just€outside€the€bedroom;€whenÍHunt€was€unable€to€find€her€there,€the€defendant€then€said,€"IÏknow€where€she's€at,€if€you'll€go€straight€through€the€back€ofÏthe€house€she's€through€a€back€door,€the€door€in€the€back€of€theÏhouse€by€the€kitchen."€€ÌÌà àà àA€short€time€later,€Captain€Otis€Jenkins€found€theÏunconscious€victim€in€the€utility€room€wedged€between€the€washerÏand€dryer€and€the€wall.€€Captain€Jenkins€testified€that€the€doorÏto€the€utility€room€had€been€locked€from€the€outside.€€Ìà àà àImmediately€after€the€fire,€Detective€William€MichaelÏRoland€had€gone€to€the€hospital€to€interview€the€defendant.€€TheÏdefendant€appeared€to€be€nervous€and€claimed€that€he€and€theÏvictim€had€been€asleep€when€the€fire€started.€He€also€claimedÏthat€he€saw€the€victim€re„enter€the€residence€and€walk€towardsÏthe€kitchen.€€Although€he€had€not€yet€been€accused€of€settingÏthe€fire,€the€defendant€asked€if€he€was€under€arrest.€€WhenÏDetective€Roland€asked€him€to€go€to€the€police€station€forÏfurther€questioning,€a€second€statement€given€by€the€defendantÏdid€not€match€the€first€but€was€closely€aligned€to€his€trialÏtestimony.€ÌÌà àà àDetective€David€Miller,€who€led€the€investigation,€Íquestioned€the€defendant€at€the€police€station,€had€an€officerÏphotograph€the€defendant's€injuries,€and€took€possession€of€hisÏclothing€for€testing€purposes.€€Detective€Miller€testified€thatÏthe€defendant€refused€to€provide€a€hand€swab.€€ÌÌà àà àThe€defendant€stayed€at€the€Alcorn€home€for€two€daysÏafter€the€fire.€€During€that€time,€the€defendant€appearedÏnervous€but€not€despondent.€€He€informed€Bobby€Alcorn€that€theÏpolice€suspected€he€had€"done€it"€and€had€taken€his€clothes€toÏcheck€for€gasoline€or€kerosene.€€ÌÌà àà àWhen€the€police€decided€to€place€charges,€they€wereÏunable€to€find€the€defendant€at€the€address€he€had€supplied.€ÏUsing€information€received€from€an€anonymous€source,€theyÏeventually€located€the€defendant€in€Hiawatha,€Kansas.€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ìà àà àSpecial€Agent€James€Cooper,€with€the€ATF€Department€ofÏthe€U.€S.€Treasury€Department,€had€led€efforts€to€determine€theÏcause€of€the€blaze.€€He€testified€that€the€fire's€point€ofÏorigin€was€the€living€room€and€that€a€liquid€accelerant€had€beenÏpoured€on€the€floor.€€Agent€Cooper€determined€from€the€burnÏpattern€that€the€door€to€the€utility€room€was€closed€during€theÏfire.€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ÌÌà àà àAgent€Sandra€Paltorik€Evans,€a€forensic€scientist,€Ïtested€each€item€collected€by€the€police€to€determine€whether€anÏaccelerant€was€present.€€She€found€that€the€bedspread,€the€five„gallon€container,€the€smoke€detector,€and€the€living€roomÏflooring€contained€a€"kerosene„type"€distillate.€€Agent€EvansÏalso€tested€the€smoke€detector€by€inserting€a€nine„volt€batteryÏand€applying€smoke;€she€found€it€to€be€in€proper€working€order.€ÏShe€testified€that€the€pants€and€shirt€taken€from€the€defendantÏtested€negative€for€accelerant.€€€€€€€€€€ÌÌà àà àDr.€Mona€Gretel€Harlan,€Assistant€Medical€Examiner€forÏDavidson€County,€conducted€the€autopsy.€€Dr.€Harlan€testifiedÏthat€the€victim€had€first€and€second€degree€burns€overÏapproximately€twenty€percent€of€her€body€and€had€an€accumulationÏof€soot€at€the€opening€of€her€mouth€and€nose.€€The€"rather€pinkÏcolor"€of€the€victim's€blood€led€Dr.€Harlan€to€conclude€that€theÏvictim€had€died€from€an€excessive€intake€of€carbon€monoxide.€ÏThe€blood€alcohol€level€of€the€victim€was€.06€percent.€€NoÏtraces€of€narcotics€were€present.€€While€examining€the€scene€ofÏthe€fire,€Dr.€Harlan€found€that€when€locked,€the€door€to€theÏroom€where€the€body€was€found€could€only€be€opened€from€theÍoutside.€€ÌÌà àà àThe€defendant,€a€construction€worker€who€conceded€thatÏhe€had€previously€been€convicted€of€grand€theft,€two€burglaries,Ïand€a€jail€escape,€testified€in€his€own€behalf.€€He€stated€thatÏhe€and€the€victim€had€been€involved€in€a€relationship€for€oneÏand€one„half€years€and€planned€to€be€married.€€He€claimed€thatÏon€the€night€of€the€fire,€he€and€the€victim€spent€several€hoursÏat€a€local€bar,€where€they€saw€the€victim's€stepfather€andÏstepbrother.€€He€testified€that€they€returned€to€theirÏresidence,€watched€television€for€a€time,€and€fell€asleep€on€theÏcouch€for€a€time€before€going€to€bed.€€The€defendant€claimedÏthat€upon€discovering€the€fire,€he€got€out€of€bed,€walked€to€theÏbedroom€door,€and€yelled€for€the€victim.€€The€defendantÏtestified€that€the€victim€grabbed€his€arm€but€pulled€away€andÏturned€as€if€she€was€going€back€toward€the€rear€of€the€house.€€ÌÌà àà àThe€defendant€remembered€that€Wayne€Alcorn€directedÏMs.€Alcorn€to€"call€the€fire€department."€€The€defendant€claimedÏthat€he€had€called€to€the€victim€as€he€broke€out€the€windows€andÏhad€instructed€Bobby€Alcorn€to€chop€the€bathroom€window€when€heÏthought€he€heard€water€running.€€He€contended€that€whenÍfirefighters€arrived,€he€immediately€informed€them€that€he€hadÏlast€seen€the€victim€in€their€bedroom.€€The€defendant€deniedÏtelling€one€of€the€firemen€that€he€was€a€brother€to€the€victim.€ÏHe€explained€that€when€firemen€were€unable€to€find€the€victim€onÏtheir€first€try,€he€had€merely€suggested€the€utility€room€as€aÏpossible€alternative.€€He€stated€that€when€the€victim€wasÏfinally€located,€she€was€taken€to€a€nearby€hospital€whereÏefforts€to€revive€her€failed.€€The€defendant,€who€had€severeÏburns€to€his€left€arm€and€his€face,€testified€that€he€sat€withÏthe€victim's€family€as€they€awaited€a€report€on€her€condition.€ÏHe€claimed€that€when€medical€personnel€informed€the€group€thatÏthe€victim€had€died,€he€responded,€"Why€Lorie?"ÌÌà àà àThe€defendant€testified€that€he€fully€complied€withÏall€requests€made€by€investigating€officers€and€specifically€Ïdenied€refusing€to€provide€a€"hand€swab."€€He€providedÏexplanations€for€some€of€the€statements€he€had€made€toÏfirefighters€and€law€enforcement€officials.€€The€defendantÏdenied€locking€the€victim€in€the€utility€room€and€pointed€outÏthat€Captain€Jenkins€was€incorrect€about€there€being€a€secondÏlock€and€a€door€knob€on€that€door.€€He€believed€that€the€doorÏwas€not€locked,€but€merely€hard€to€open.€€The€defendantÍtestified€that€kerosene€located€beside€the€refrigerator€andÏbeside€the€kerosene€heater€in€the€living€room€were€routinelyÏkept€there€as€a€matter€of€convenience.€€He€explained€that€he€hadÏspilled€some€kerosene€while€filling€the€heater€on€two€or€threeÏdifferent€occasions.€€The€defendant€testified€that€he€hadÏpurchased€the€smoke€detector€found€on€the€dryer€as€a€ChristmasÏpresent€for€his€mother€and€stepfather;€his€mother€€had€returnedÏthe€gift€after€noticing€a€strong€kerosene€smell€at€theÏdefendant's€residence.€€The€defendant€claimed€the€smoke€detectorÏwas€inoperable€because€the€victim€kept€forgetting€to€buyÏbatteries.€€He€stated€that€the€detector€had€been€taken€down€aÏfew€days€before€while€the€kitchen€was€being€painted.€€ÌÌà àà àThe€defendant€believed€that€his€neighbor,€Stacy€Floyd,Ïmight€have€started€the€fire€by€throwing€a€"molotov€cocktail."€ÏHe€testified€that€the€victim€told€him€she€had€stolen€eightyÏdollars€and€some€marijuana€from€Ms.€Floyd's€mobile€home€on€theÏday€of€the€fire.€€The€defendant€acknowledged€that€he€and€theÏvictim€smoked€some€of€the€marijuana€later€that€evening.€€HeÏsuggested€that€the€girlfriend€of€the€victim's€uncle€was€aÏpossible€suspect€in€the€crime.€€The€defendant€admitted€that€heÏhad€"beaten"€the€victim€on€three€prior€occasions.€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ìà àà àWhen€asked€why€he€"ran€off"€to€Kansas€after€beingÏquestioned€about€the€fire,€the€defendant€claimed€that€he€hadÏgone€there€to€stay€with€his€mother.€€He€testified€that€severalÏpeople€knew€how€to€reach€him€there,€including€his€aunt,€whoseÏtelephone€number€he€had€given€to€the€police.€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ìà àà àFireman€William€McCormick€testified€for€the€defense.€ÏHe€stated€that€he€and€Captain€Corbin€had€to€restrain€theÏdefendant€from€re„entering€the€house.€€When€he€asked€theÏdefendant€about€his€relationship€to€the€person€trapped€inside,Ïhe€claimed€that€the€defendant€said€that€he€was€her€brother.€ÏMcCormick€noted€that€the€defendant€smelled€of€alcohol€andÏappeared€to€be€"slightly€intoxicated."ÌÌà àà àCaptain€Corbin€confirmed€that€he€had€to€help€McCormickÏrestrain€the€defendant.€€He€testified€that€the€defendant,€whoÏappeared€to€be€intoxicated,€began€beating€on€the€door€of€theÏfire€truck€and€frantically€telling€firemen€that€the€victim€wasÏin€the€bedroom.€ÌÌà àà àHenry€Lance,€the€victim's€grandfather,€testified€thatÏhe€had€known€the€defendant€for€about€a€year€and€that€the€two€hadÏworked€together.€€He€had€observed€the€defendant€and€victimÍtogether€on€numerous€occasions€and€believed€that€they€"got€alongÏall€right."€€ÌÌà àà àSylvia€Hall,€wife€of€the€victim's€cousin,€testifiedÏthat€the€defendant€and€the€victim€had€lived€with€her€and€herÏhusband€for€approximately€two€months€before€renting€their€ownÏhome.€€She€said€that€the€victim€and€the€defendant€argued,€likeÏ"normal€couples"€do,€but€never€engaged€in€a€physicalÏconfrontation.€€She€did,€however,€admit€that€the€victim€onceÏclaimed€to€have€received€bruises€during€a€fight€with€theÏdefendant.€€€ÌÌà àà àThe€defendant's€aunt,€Gladys€Adkins,€testified€thatÏthe€defendant€stayed€at€her€home€for€about€a€week€after€hisÏhouse€burned.€€She€stated€that€she€transported€him€back€to€theÏhospital€to€get€the€burns€on€his€face,€forehead,€nose,€hand,€andÏarm€redressed.€€At€the€end€of€his€stay,€she€and€her€daughterÏdrove€the€defendant€to€the€bus€station€so€that€he€could€travelÏto€Kansas€to€stay€with€his€mother.ÌÌà àà àBetty€Satterfield,€the€defendant's€mother,Ïcorroborated€the€defendant's€claim€about€the€smoke€detector.€ÍShe€recalled€having€observed€that€the€defendant€stored€extraÏkerosene€inside€the€house.€€Ms.€Satterfield€claimed€that,€afterÏthe€fire,€she€called€her€sister„in„law€and€asked€her€to€send€theÏdefendant€out€to€Kansas€so€she€could€take€care€of€him.€€ÌÌà àà àConnie€Matthews,€a€waitress€at€the€bar€the€defendantÏand€victim€visited€on€the€evening€of€the€fire,€confirmed€thatÏthe€two€were€there€until€about€2:00€a.m.€€She€testified€that€theÏvictim€and€the€defendant€had€not€fought€during€the€course€of€theÏevening€but€had€noticed€that€the€victim€seemed€to€be€fearful€ofÏthe€defendant.€€Sometime€after€the€fire,€the€defendant€stoppedÏat€the€bar€and€told€Ms.€Matthews€that€he€did€not€kill€theÏvictim.€€She€said€he€also€showed€her€a€pistol€and€told€her€thatÏit€was€for€"anybody€who€wanted€to€mess€with€him."ÌÌà àà àThe€state€called€Stacy€Floyd€to€testify€in€rebuttal.€ÏShe€testified€that€she€and€her€roommate€had€a€party€on€the€nightÏof€the€fire.€€Because€it€was€a€warm€night€and€she€had€no€airÏconditioning,€Ms.€Floyd€had€left€her€door€open€and,€therefore,Ïremembered€the€defendant€and€victim€returning€to€their€residenceÏat€approximately€3:00€a.m.€€Ms.€Floyd,€who€thought€aboutÏinviting€them€to€join€her€party,€decided€not€to€€because€it€wasÍraining.€€Ms.€Floyd€emphatically€denied€that€she€had€started€theÏfire,€as€the€defendant€theorized,€and€denied€having€a€motive€toÏdo€so.€€ÌÌà àà àTina€Harris,€the€victim's€supervisor€at€Uno's€PizzariaÏfor€approximately€a€year€and€a€half,€also€testified€in€rebuttal.€ÏMs.€Harris,€who€described€the€victim€as€friendly€and€veryÏ"happy„go„lucky,"€remembered€her€coming€to€work€once€with€aÏblack€eye€and€marks€on€her€leg€and€lower€back.€€ÌÌà àà àOn€surrebuttal,€the€defendant€reiterated€that€he€hadÏnever€struck€the€victim.€€He€also€contended€that€there€was€not€aÏparty€at€Ms.€Floyd's€trailer€when€he€and€the€victim€came€home€onÏthe€night€of€the€fire.€€He€denied€that€it€was€raining€thatÏevening.€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ì€à àà àOn€appeal,€the€state€is€entitled€to€the€strongestÏlegitimate€view€of€the€evidence€and€all€reasonable€inferencesÏwhich€might€be€drawn€therefrom.€€òòState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571€S.W.2dÏ832,€835€(Tenn.€1978).€€The€credibility€of€the€witnesses,€theÏweight€to€be€given€their€testimony,€and€the€reconciliation€ofÏconflicts€in€the€proof€are€matters€entrusted€exclusively€to€theÏjury€as€triers€of€fact.€€òòByrge€v.€Stateóó,€575€S.W.2d€292,€295Í(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1978).€€When€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidenceÏis€challenged,€the€relevant€question€is€whether,€after€reviewingÏthe€evidence€in€the€light€most€favorable€to€the€state,€anyÏrational€trier€of€fact€could€have€found€the€essential€elementsÏof€the€crime€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€òòState€v.€Williamsóó,€657ÏS.W.2d€405,€410€(Tenn.€1983),€òòcertóó.€òòdeniedóó,€465€U.S.€1073Ï(1984);€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€13(e).ÌÌà àà àWe€are€also€guided€in€our€review€by€other€well„established€principles.€€A€crime€may€be€established€by€the€useÏof€circumstantial€evidence€only.€€òòState€v.€Tharpeóó,€726€S.W.2dÏ896,€899„900€(Tenn.€1987);€òòMarable€v.€Stateóó,€203€Tenn.€440,€451„52,€313€S.W.2d€451,€457€(1958).€€However,€before€an€accused€mayÏbe€convicted€of€a€criminal€offense€based€upon€circumstantialÏevidence€alone,€the€facts€and€circumstances€"must€be€so€strongÏand€cogent€as€to€exclude€[beyond€a€reasonable€doubt]€every€otherÏreasonable€hypothesis€save€the€guilt€of€the€defendant."€€òòStateÏv.€Crawfordóó,€225€Tenn.€478,€482,€470€S.W.2d€610,€612€(1971).€€"AÏweb€of€guilt€must€be€woven€around€the€defendant€from€which€heÏcannot€escape€and€from€which€facts€and€circumstances€the€juryÏcould€draw€no€other€reasonable€inference€save€the€guilt€of€theÏdefendant€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt."€€òòIdóó.€at€484,€470€S.W.2d€Íat€613.ÌÌà àà àHere,€the€defendant€was€charged€with€felony€murder.€€ÏThat€offense€is€defined€as€follows:ÌÓÓà8 àà8 àA€reckless€killing€of€another€committed€inÏthe€perpetration€of,€or€attempt€toÏperpetrate€any€first€degree€murder,€òòarsonóó,Ïrape,€robbery,€burglary,€theft,€kidnappingÏor€aircraft€piracy[.]ÌÌÓÓTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„202(a)(2)(emphasis€added).€€Arson€is,€inÏturn,€defined€in€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„14„301(a),€as€follows:ÌÓÓà8 àà8 àA€person€commits€an€offense€who€knowinglyÏdamages€any€structure€by€means€of€a€fire€orÏexplosion:ÌÌà8 àà8 àà à(1)€Without€the€consent€of€all€personsÏwho€have€a€possessory,€proprietary€orÏsecurity€interest€therein;€or€ÌÌà8 àà8 àà à(2)€With€intent€to€destroy€or€damageÏany€structure€to€collect€insurance€for€€theÏdamage€or€destruction€or€for€any€unlawfulÏpurpose.ÌÌÓÓPut€simply,€the€state€had€the€burden€of€proving€that€theÏdefendant€intentionally€set€fire€to€the€residence€that€he€sharedÏwith€the€victim€and€that€the€victim€died€as€a€result€of€thatÏfire.€€ÌÌà àà àMichael€Alcorn,€who€arrived€shortly€after€the€blazeÍbegan,€testified€that€the€defendant€appeared€to€be€hunkered€downÏin€the€yard€at€that€point.€€Both€Alcorn€and€his€son,€Bobby,Ïcharacterized€the€defendant's€efforts€to€locate€the€victim€whileÏthe€fire€was€burning€as€contrived.€€Initially,€the€defendantÏtold€Fireman€Hunt€that€the€victim€was€in€the€front€bedroom,€butÏafter€firefighters€had€unsuccessfully€searched€for€her€forÏseveral€minutes,€the€defendant€redirected€their€efforts€to€theÏutility€room.€€When€finally€located,€the€victim€had€no€pulse.€ÏRescue€personnel€were€unable€to€revive€her.€€Several€witnessesÏtestified€that€the€defendant€was€emotionless€following€the€fire,Ïnever€showing€any€signs€of€grief.€€Experts€found€a€"pourÏpattern"€of€liquid€accelerant€in€the€living€room;€a€kerosene„soaked€blanket€in€front€of€the€refrigerator€near€the€utilityÏroom;€a€large€container€of€kerosene€in€the€kitchen;€a€smokeÏdetector€with€no€batteries€on€the€dryer;€and€a€locked€utilityÏroom€door.€€Agent€Cook,€an€expert€in€arson€investigation,Ïconcluded€that€the€fire€was€undoubtedly€the€result€of€arson.€€ÌÌà àà àConvictions€may€be€upheld€even€if€based€entirely€uponÏcircumstantial€evidence.€€Taken€together,€these€circumstancesÏwere€sufficient€for€the€jury€to€have€concluded,€beyond€aÏreasonable€doubt,€that€the€defendant€committed€the€arson.€€That,Ícoupled€with€the€death€of€the€victim,€established€the€felonyÏmurder.Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ìà@ àò òòòIóóó óÌà àà àThe€defendant€next€claims€that€the€trial€courtÏimproperly€refused€to€grant€a€mistrial€despite€the€state'sÏfailure€to€disclose,€in€advance€of€the€trial,€the€fact€thatÏCaptain€Jenkins€had€found€that€the€utility€room€door€was€locked.€ÏHe€claims€that€this€failure€to€disclose€denied€him€òòBradyóóÏmaterial.€€The€state's€response€is€that€the€defendant€was€notÏentitled€to€the€evidence€under€òòBradyóó€because€it€was€inculpatoryÏrather€than€exculpatory€and€was€not€impeachment€evidence.€€ÌÌà àà àA€defendant€is€entitled€to€any€evidence€which€tends€toÏprove€his€innocence€including€that€which,€while€not€specificallyÏexculpatory,€may€be€used€to€impeach.€€òòSeeóó€òòBrady€v.€Marylandóó,€373ÏU.S.€83€(1963);€òòseeóó€òòalsoóó€òòUnited€States€v.€Bagleyóó,€473€U.S.€667Ï(1985).€€That€the€victim€was€found€in€a€room€which€had€beenÏlocked€from€the€outside€was€damaging€to€the€defendant's€case.€ÏHad€the€door€not€been€locked,€one€of€the€defendant's€hypotheses,Ïthat€the€victim€went€to€the€utility€room€and€shut€the€door€in€anÏattempt€to€escape€the€fire,€might€have€been€viable.€€With€theÍdoor€being€locked€from€the€outside,€however,€the€logicalÏinference€was€that€the€defendant€had€locked€the€victim€in€theÏutility€room,€set€the€house€on€fire,€and€left€the€victim€to€die.€ÏIn€our€view,€this€evidence€was€not€exculpatory.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.ÏEdginóó,€902€S.W.2d€387€(Tenn.€1995)(information€must€have€beenÏfavorable€to€the€accused€to€qualify€as€òòBradyóó€material).€€€€€€€€€€ÌÌà àà àThe€defendant€also€argues€that€he€was€entitled€to€thisÏinformation€because€he€could€have€used€it€to€impeach€CaptainÏJenkins.€€He€has€failed,€however,€to€explain€his€basis€for€thisÏassertion.€€Captain€Jenkins€had€not€previously€made€any€writtenÏor€oral€statement.€€We€are,€therefore,€unable€to€see€how€hisÏstatement€that€the€utility€room€door€was€locked€could€have€beenÏused€for€impeachment.€€€€€€ÌÌà@ àò òòòIIóóó óÌà àà àNext,€the€defendant€contends€that€the€trial€courtÏerred€by€admitting€photographs€of€the€victim.€€The€defendantÏclaims€the€prejudicial€value€outweighed€their€probative€effect.ÌÌà àà àThe€admissibility€of€photographs€from€the€scene€of€theÏcrime€is€governed€by€Tennessee€Rule€of€Evidence€403€and€òòState€v.ÍBanksóó,€564€S.W.2d€947€(Tenn.€1978).€€The€evidence€must€beÏrelevant€and€its€probative€value€must€outweigh€any€prejudicialÏeffect.€€Tenn.€R.€Evid.€403;€òòState€v.€Banksóó,€564€S.W.2d€at€950„51.€€Whether€to€admit€the€photographs€is€within€theÏdiscretionary€authority€of€the€trial€court€and€will€not€beÏreversed€absent€a€clear€showing€of€an€abuse.€€òòState€v.€Allenóó,Ï692€S.W.2d€651,€654€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1985).ÌÌà àà àWhile€the€photographs€of€the€deceased€were€unpleasant,Ïthey€were€highly€probative€as€to€the€cause€of€her€death.€€One€ofÏthe€photographs€depicted€the€soot€which€had€accumulated€aroundÏthe€victim's€nose€and€mouth.€€Another€showed€the€burns€theÏvictim€sustained€to€her€arm.€€Both€of€these€were€relevant€toÏshow€that€the€victim€died€as€a€result€of€the€fire€set€by€theÏdefendant.€€A€final€photograph€showed€that€the€victim€wasÏwearing€socks€and€had€sustained€no€burns€to€her€legs.€€ThisÏphotograph€was€introduced€in€redirect€after€defense€counselÏspecifically€questioned€Dr.€Harlan€about€whether€the€lack€ofÏburns€on€the€victim's€legs€was€unusual.€€That€photograph€was€notÏshown€to€the€jury.€€We€hold€that€the€trial€court€did€not€abuseÏits€discretionary€authority.€€€ÌÇòòò òà0 àà àà@ àIIIó óóóÌà àà àNext,€the€defendant€claims€that€the€trial€courtÏundertook€inadequate€curative€measures€when€it€discovered€that€aÏrelative€of€the€victim€was€communicating€the€testimony€of€priorÏwitnesses€to€prospective€witnesses€in€violation€of€the€rule€ofÏsequestration.€€The€state€argues€that€there€is€insufficientÏinformation€in€the€record€to€substantiate€the€claim.€€We€agreeÏwith€the€state.€ÌÌà àà àIt€is€the€duty€of€the€defendant€to€place€in€the€recordÏany€evidence€necessary€to€convey€a€fair,€accurate,€and€completeÏpicture€of€the€nature€of€the€issue€raised.€€òòState€v.€Arnoldóó,€719ÏS.W.2d€543,€545€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1986).€€The€only€proof€in€theÏrecord€concerning€this€incident€is€as€follows:ÌÓÓà8 àà8 àTHE€COURT:€€No.€€I'm€going€to€put€him€backÏhere€until€this€case€is€over€with,€becauseÏI'm€tired€of€him€interfering€with€thisÏcase,€and€I'm€[not]€going€to€have€anybodyÏinterfering€with€this€case.€€I'm€going€toÏlock€anybody€up.ÌÌà8 àà8 àMr.€Fox,€come€up€here,€sir.€€The€State€isÏprosecuting€this€matter,€sir,€and€I€willÏnot€have€you€interfering€with€anyÏwitnesses,€whatsoever.€€You're€in€custodyÏuntil€this€matter€is€over.€€Take€him€in€theÏback.€ÌÌà8 àà8 àNow€let€me€get€some€things€straight€rightÍhere€and€now.€€If€I€catch€anybodyÏinterfering€with€any€witnesses€in€this€caseÏI'll€fine€them€fifty€dollars€and€give€themÏthirty€days€and€make€them€serve€every€day.€ÏI'm€going€to€take€ten€minutes.€€Y'all€getÏoutside€and€get€the€situation€squared€upÏwith€these€witnesses.€€If€I€have€to€takeÏcare€of€it,€I'll€take€care€of€it.€€If€IÏhave€to€lock€some€people€up,€I'll€lock€someÏpeople€up.€€But€it€is€a€felony€to€interfereÏwith€a€witness€in€a€case.€€It's€subornationÏof€testimony.€€And€I€will€not€have€it.€ÏI'll€submit€it€to€the€grand€jury,€and€I'llÏhave€somebody€prosecuted€for€it.€€Take€tenÏminutes,€General.ÇÓÓFrom€this€limited€statement,€we€are€unable€to€discern€the€natureÏof€what€took€place.€€We€must€presume,€therefore,€that€the€trialÏcourt€acted€appropriately.€€òòSeeóó€òòVermilye€v.€Stateóó,€584€S.W.2dÏ226€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1979).€€Moreover,€the€defendant€did€notÏrequest€that€the€trial€court€take€curative€measures,€nor€did€heÏvoice€any€objection€to€the€manner€in€which€the€court€handled€theÏmatter.€€That€constitutes€a€waiver€of€the€issue.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€R.ÏApp.€P.€36(a);€òòState€v.€Killebrewóó,€760€S.W.2d€228€(Tenn.€Crim.ÏApp.€1988).€€€€€€€€€ÌÌà@ àò òòòIVó óóóÌà àà àAs€his€final€issue,€the€defendant€claims€that€heÏshould€have€been€granted€a€new€trial€because€Ms.€Huffman,€aÏjuror,€was€dishonest€in€voir€dire€when€she€denied€that€anyÏmembers€of€her€family€were€in€law€enforcement.€€He€argues€that,Ïbut€for€her€untruthful€answer,€she€would€not€have€been€seated€asÏa€juror€because€of€her€potential€bias€toward€the€state.€€HeÏfurther€insists€that€statements€the€juror€made€duringÏdeliberations€show€that€she€had€an€actual€bias€against€theÏdefendant,€thus€depriving€him€of€a€fair€trial.€€€€€€€€€€ÌÌà àà àThe€common€law€rules€governing€challenges€to€jurorÍqualifications€fall€into€two€categories:€(1)€propter€defectum€orÏ(2)€propter€affectum.€€òòPartin€v.€Hendersonóó,€686€S.W.2d€587,€589Ï(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1984).€€Objections€based€upon€generalÏdisqualifications,€such€as€alienage,€family€relationship,€orÏstatutory€mandate,€are€within€the€propter€defectum€class€and,€asÏsuch,€must€be€made€before€the€return€of€a€jury€verdict.ÏLiterally€translated,€propter€defectum€means€"on€account€ofÏdefect."€€òòState€v.€Akinsóó,€867€S.W.2d€350,€355€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.Ï1993).€ÌÑ Ü Ñà àà àIn€contrast,€a€propter€affectum€challenge,€translatedÏas€"on€account€of€prejudice,"€is€based€upon€the€existence€ofÏbias,€prejudice,€or€partiality€towards€one€party€in€theÏlitigation€"actually€shown€to€exist€or€presumed€to€exist€fromÏcircumstances."€€òòDurham€v.€Stateóó,€182€Tenn.€577,€588,€188€S.W.2dÏ555,€559€(1945);€òòseeóó€òòalsoóó€òòToombs€v.€Stateóó,€197€Tenn.€229,€270ÏS.W.2d€649€(1954).€€Propter€affectum€challenges€may€be€madeÏafter€the€return€of€the€jury€verdict.€€òòState€v.€Furloughóó,€797ÏS.W.2d€631,€652€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1990).€€A€juror€who€concealsÏor€misrepresents€information€tending€to€indicate€any€lack€ofÏimpartiality€may€be€challenged€upon€motion€for€new€trial.€€TheÏburden€is€on€the€defendant€to€show€that€the€juror€had€an€actualÏbias€or€prejudice.€€òòState€v.€Caughronóó,€855€S.W.2d€526,€539Ï(Tenn.),€òòcertóó.€òòdeniedóó,€______€U.S.€______,€114€S.€Ct.€475Ï(1993).€ÌÌà àà àAt€the€hearing€on€the€defendant's€motion€for€a€newÏtrial,€juror€Nicholson€testified€that€he€believed€Ms.€HuffmanÏhad€been€untruthful€in€voir€dire€by€failing€to€answerÏaffirmatively€that€she€had€relatives€in€law€enforcement.€ÏAccording€to€Nicholson,€Ms.€Huffman€related€to€fellow€jurorsÏduring€deliberations€that€she€had€relatives€who€worked€in€bothÏthe€fire€and€police€departments€in€California€and€that€sheÏbelieved€people€holding€those€types€of€positions€were€heroes€whoÏwould€not€"compromise€a€crime€scene"€or€make€a€mistake€during€aÏ"search€and€rescue."€€Nicholson€stated€that€he€then€asked€herÏwhy€she€failed€to€mention€this€connection€in€voir€dire;€heÏclaimed€she€did€not€respond.€€ÌÌà àà àMs.€Huffman€also€testified€at€the€hearing€and€deniedÏhaving€any€law€enforcement€officers€in€her€immediate€family.€ÏShe€conceded€that€a€third€cousin€worked€as€a€firefighter€inÏCalifornia.€€Ms.€Huffman€further€stated€that€she€had€mentionedÏÑ ` Ñher€cousin€during€jury€deliberations,€but€denied€saying€thatÏmembers€of€her€family€worked€for€the€Police€or€the€Sheriff'sÏDepartment.€€€€ÌÌà àà àThe€trial€court€found€that€Ms.€Huffman€had€not€beenÏdishonest€in€answering€the€questions€propounded€to€her€duringÏvoir€dire.€€It€ruled€that€Ms.€Huffman€was€asked€only€whether€sheÏhad€family€members€who€were€law€enforcement€personnel,€aÏcategory€which€does€not€encompass€firefighters,€and€that€herÏanswers€were€truthful.€€The€trial€court€concluded€that€theÏcircumstances€had€not€prejudiced€the€defendant's€right€to€a€fairÏtrial.€€Findings€of€fact€made€by€the€trial€court€are€given€theÏweight€of€a€jury€verdict.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Burginóó,€668€S.W.2d€668Ï(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1984).€€The€trial€court€chose€to€credit€theÏtestimony€of€Ms.€Huffman;€it€acted€within€its€prerogative€inÏdoing€so.€€We€cannot€reverse€the€holding€unless€the€evidenceÏpreponderates€against€the€conclusion€reached€by€the€trial€court.€ÏIt€does€not€in€this€instance.€€€€€ÌÌà àà àAccordingly,€the€judgment€is€affirmed.€€€€€ÌÌÓÓà àà àà àà àà àà à________________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àGary€R.€Wade,€JudgeÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ____________________________________ÌJohn€H.€Peay,€JudgeÌÌÌÌ____________________________________ÌRex€H.€Ogle,€Special€Judge€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€òòò òà àà àó óóóÌÌÌ