ÿWPC‡ …#†VUNÜ %* 0(04Xlb{ 0ˆƒ 0D 0JO 0T™ 0^í 0hK 0r³ 0|% 0†¡ 0' 1u· U,, 0dX U,¼ U>è U*& BPB)mDC– AMÙ&£7 D3Úv~ vÓ‹ 0@^ AOžÆí 0D³ 0D÷ D/; Bj˜IBM Laser Printer 4019IBM4019ÀÌÀääÀÀÌ0Çow1š‡HBÇŒ 4~È¿>(ÖÃ9 Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡o„p @ d3|x®- ù-(8(2R$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÒ4°ÒÒ„°Òà Œ àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)< Œ 9p`(ModernP ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(Monaco< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman< Œ 9p`(Arial d% Line 7 d%%%%7Border 1dd€-&Cþÿ << Gÿÿ Ý ƒ!ÝÔ€ÔÔ€"ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€#ÔÔ€#ÔÓ  Óò òÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€#XÔÌÌJanuary€26,€1996ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔ  Ôó ó ™Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€ÔÔ€"ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $ÝÒ 4 ÒÒ „ Òà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€#ÔÔ€#ôÔThe€trial€court€considered€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€40„35„113(3)€and€(11)€before€rejectingÏthem€as€inapplicable.€€However,€as€noted€by€the€state,€the€court€misstated€that€the€one€mitigatingÏfactor€he€found,€i.e.,€the€appellant's€actions€since€incarceration€to€rehabilitate€himself,€was€Tenn.ÏCode€Ann.€ðð€40„35„113(3).€€Instead,€this€mitigating€factor€would€fall€under€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„113(13),€the€"catchall"€provision.Ì$$$$'ÿÿdxdPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'@Styl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑMonacoÑÑ ÑÒ  BA: T Monaco ÒÒ  BA: T Monaco Ò("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÓ&€!!X„d&ÓÑ#€!!Xd#ÑÔ€"ÔÝ  ÝÒ 4 ÒÒ „ ÒÙ€€ÙÔ€#ÔÑ\R AØ'\ÑßL€'(&;+'h|` ç `€€Lßà àò òIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINALÏAPPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌÓ ` ܆XDp”X Óà àà àà à€€€€€€€€€€à ààQ àAT€NASHVILLEÌÌÓ` °‡XDp”XÓà à€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ïà àà àà àDECEMBER€1995ÏSESSIONó óÌÌÌÌÌà àÓ ` ®DÓò òÌÓ` cÓSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à àó ó)€ÌÓ ` ¸ cÓà àà à)€C.C.A.€No.€01C01„9503„CC„00099€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ïà àAppellee,à à)Ìà àà à)€Bedford€CountyÌV.€€€€€€€à à)Ìà àà à)€Hon.€Charles€Lee,€JudgeÌò òà àó óà à)ò òÌDAVID€LUCIAN€GIBSON,ó óà à)€(Attempted€First€Degree€Murder)€à àà à)€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ïà àAppellant.à à)ÌÌÌÌÌÓ` ÓFOR€THE€APPELLANT:à àFOR€THE€APPELLEE:ÌÌAndrew€Jackson€Dearing,€IIIà àCharles€W.€BursonÌ117€South€Main€Streetà àAttorney€General€&€Reporter€ÌSuite€101ÌShelbyville,€TN€€€37160à àJohn€P.€CauleyÌà àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌà àCriminal€Justice€DivisionÌà à450€James€Robertson€ParkwayÌà àNashville,€TN€37243„0493ÌÌà àMichael€McCownÌà àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌÌà àGary€M.€JonesÌà àAsst.€Dist.€Attorney€GeneralÌà àBedford€County€CourthouseÌà àShelbyville,€TN€€€37160ÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:€€___________________ÌÌÌò òAFFIRMEDÌó óÌÌò òPAUL€G.€SUMMERS,ó óÌJudgeÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÑ  ÑÑ „ ÑÑ „ ÑÑ7€6XXdìXXdì7ÑÑ€ Ñò òÓ ` pÓÔ  Ôà ààQ àO€P€I€N€I€O€Nó ó€Ó` ¸ pÓÔ  ÔÌÌÌÓÓà àA€jury€convicted€the€appellant,€David€Lucian€Gibson,€of€attempted€firstÏdegree€murder€and€imposed€a€$50,000€fine.€€Sentencing€the€appellant€as€aÏRange€I€offender,€the€trial€judge€imposed€a€twenty„two€year€and€nine€monthÏsentence.€€On€appeal,€the€appellant€raises€three€issues€for€review.€€First,€heÏcontends€that€the€evidence€is€insufficient€to€support€his€conviction.€€Secondly,Ïthe€appellant€argues€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€denying€his€motion€for€judgmentÏof€acquittal.€€Finally,€he€claims€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€sentencing€him.€ÏFollowing€our€review,€we€affirm.ÌÌà àThe€testimony€presented€at€trial€reveals€that€the€appellant€was€married€toÏthe€victim,€Violet€Gibson€Tant,€before€she€filed€for€and€was€granted€a€divorce.€ÏMs.€Tant's€testimony€detailed€her€life€up€to€the€time€of€the€incident.€€SheÏdescribed€appellant€as€a€controlling€husband€who€constantly€degraded€herÏthroughout€their€marriage.€€After€she€filed€for€divorce,€tensions€escalated.€€TheÍfirst€episode€occurred€just€before€the€divorce€when€Ms.€Tant€and€the€appellantÏhad€a€dispute€about€where€their€son,€Eric,€would€live.€€During€this€argument,€theÏappellant€retrieved€a€gun€and€said€to€Ms.€Tant,€"if€you€don't€get€out€of€here,€I€amÏgoing€to€blow€your€head€off."€€ÌÌà àOther€witnesses€testified€to€the€appellant's€behavior€during€this€period.€ÏRowena€Hatchett,€Ms.€Tant's€sister,€described€a€confrontation€with€the€appellant.€ÏShe€testified€that€one€evening€she€and€her€husband€drove€by€Ms.€Tant's€homeÏaround€9:30€p.m.€to€check€on€her€after€the€two€had€been€to€church.€€She€knewÏthat€someone€had€recently€been€driving€past€Ms.€Tant's€home.€€As€the€HatchettsÏdrove€by,€they€saw€the€appellant€and€Eric€sitting€in€a€parked€car€on€the€roadsideÏnear€Ms.€Tant's€home.€€The€appellant€started€to€drive€away€but€stopped€hisÏvehicle€in€the€roadway€when€he€saw€the€Hatchett€vehicle€behind€him.€€When€theÏHatchetts€attempted€to€pass,€the€appellant€stopped€them€and€inquired€as€to€Ms.ÏTant's€whereabouts.€€He€told€her€he€was€concerned€about€his€Grand€Prix€whichÏMs.€Tant€was€driving.€€When€Ms.€Hatchett€asked€the€appellant€why€it€was€any€ofÏhis€concern,€he€responded,€"you€don't€know€how€serious€this€is."€€The€appellantÏdrove€away€spinning€tires€and€yelling€but€returned€moments€later€to€the€sameÏlocation€just€below€Ms.€Tant's€mobile€home.ÌÌà àAgnes€Cunningham,€Ms.€Tant's€sister,€testified€that€based€on€a€phoneÏcall€from€Eric€during€this€same€period€she€had€become€concerned€about€herÏsister.€€Later€that€same€day,€the€appellant€told€Ms.€Cunningham€during€a€phoneÏconversation€that€"Violet€will€pay."€€Ms.€Tant's€brother,€Dean€Smith,€said€thatÍwhen€the€appellant€received€his€divorce€papers,€he€told€Smith€he€was€going€toÏkill€Violet.€€Smith€heard€the€appellant€make€this€statement€on€at€least€two€otherÏoccasions€and€attempted€to€dissuade€the€appellant€from€carrying€out€his€threat.€ÏDuring€one€conversation€with€Smith,€the€appellant€said€that€he€would€first€killÏViolet€and€then€himself.€€Later,€the€appellant€showed€Smith€a€pistol€that€he€keptÏwrapped€in€a€towel.Ì€Ìà àFollowing€the€divorce,€tensions€intensified€when€Ms.€Tant€began€datingÏher€current€husband,€Doug€Tant.€€On€Christmas,€Deanna€Wilkes€(Ms.€Tant'sÏniece)€and€Alex€Hill€(Wilkes'€boyfriend)€spent€the€evening€at€Ms.€Tant's€homeÏwhile€she€and€Mr.€Tant€were€visiting€family.€€The€appellant,€accompanied€byÏEric,€stopped€at€Ms.€Tant's€home€while€Wilkes€and€Hill€were€there.€€When€heÏsaw€Ms.€Wilkes'€boyfriend,€the€appellant€became€angry€thinking€it€was€Violet'sÏnew€love€interest.€€He€even€told€Hill€that€he€was€lucky€because€he€wasÏpreparing€to€put€sugar€in€the€gas€tank€of€Hill's€truck.€€To€protect€Ms.€Tant,€Ms.ÏWilkes€told€the€appellant€that€she€had€gone€to€the€store.€€Soon€after€entering€theÏhome,€the€appellant€spotted€a€gift€under€the€tree€for€Eric€from€Doug.€€RealizingÏthat€Ms.€Tant€was€seeing€someone€else,€the€appellant€became€enraged€andÏthrew€the€gift€(a€football)€into€the€kitchen€saying€that€he€would€buy€his€son€aÏfootball.€€The€appellant€told€Wilkes€and€Hill€that€if€he€ever€saw€Doug€and€VioletÏtogether,€he€would€kill€them.€€Just€before€they€left,€Ms.€Wilkes€overheard€theÏappellant€and€Eric€discuss€a€"plan"€involving€Eric€and€his€use€of€a€gun.€€WilkesÏtestified€that€she€and€Hill€left€Ms.€Tant's€home€later€that€night.€€Alex€HillÏcorroborated€Wilkes'€testimony.ÌÌà àWhen€Ms.€Tant€and€Doug€returned€to€the€mobile€home€late€that€night,Ïthey€found€a€broken€window,€an€overturned€television,€and€the€VCR€hangingÏout€the€window.€€Bobby€Cunningham,€Ms.€Tant's€brother„in„law,€later€testifiedÏthat€he€had€repaired€a€broken€window€in€the€mobile€home.€€He€stated€that€theÏappellant,€during€a€phone€conversation,€had€apologized€for€the€broken€windowÏand€offered€to€pay€for€the€repairs.€€ÌÌà àOn€the€following€day,€December€26,€Ms.€Tant€saw€the€appellant€driveÏpast€her€home€eight€or€ten€times.€€Though€Doug€Tant€had€never€seen€theÏappellant,€he€saw€a€silver€car€matching€the€description€of€the€appellant's€vehicleÏdrive€by€several€times€that€day.€€On€the€morning€of€December€27,€the€appellantÏand€Eric€drove€past€Ms.€Tant's€home€many€times.€€When€the€appellantÏeventually€stopped,€Ms.€Tant€exited€her€home€against€the€wishes€of€Doug€andÏwalked€toward€the€car€with€Eric's€presents.€€Ms.€Tant€said€that€the€appellantÏremained€in€the€car€at€first€but€seconds€later€got€out€and€said,€"I'm€tired€of€it.€€I'mÏnot€going€to€take€any€more."€€The€appellant€shot€the€victim€three€times€fromÏdriver's€side€of€the€car€and€then€walked€around€the€car€to€where€Ms.€Tant€hadÏfallen.€€He€then€shot€her€a€final€time€before€getting€back€into€his€vehicle€andÏdriving€away.ÌÌà àMr.€Tant€testified€that€he€had€heard€a€gunshot€just€seconds€after€Ms.€TantÏwalked€out€the€front€door.€€He€then€looked€out€a€window€and€saw€Ms.€Tant€lyingÏin€a€ditch€as€the€appellant€fired€the€remaining€shots€into€Ms.€Tant's€body.€€TantÍalso€testified€that€after€the€appellant€had€finished€shooting,€he€walked€back€toÏhis€car€and€drove€away.€ÌÌà àMs.€Tant€was€transported€via€LifeFlight€to€the€Vanderbilt€UniversityÏMedical€Center€where€she€remained€in€intensive€care€for€four€days.€€Dr.ÏEdmond€Rutherford€of€Vanderbilt€said€that€the€victim€had€received€lifeÏthreatening€injuries€including€a€gunshot€wound€to€the€head,€to€the€right€breast,Ïto€the€abdomen,€and€to€the€left€forearm€thereby€fracturing€her€forearm.€€TheÏbullet€which€entered€her€head€is€inoperable.€€Dr.€Rutherford€opined€that€theseÏwounds€could€have€been€fatal.€€€ÌÌà àThe€appellant€testified€on€his€own€behalf€and€described€how€his€wife,€theÏvictim,€changed€after€a€young€man€named€Tim€Craig€moved€in€with€them.€ÏAppellant€stated€that€Ms.€Tant,€who€had€been€extremely€obese€during€theirÏmarriage,€began€losing€weight€and€eventually€lost€over€100€pounds.€€TheÏappellant€further€explained€that€Ms.€Tant,€who€formerly€never€drank,€began€toÏdrink€and€"party"€at€the€trailer€with€Craig€and€several€of€his€young€friends.€ÏAppellant€testified€that€he€had€always€loved€his€wife€and€portrayed€himself€asÏsubmissive€to€her€commands.€€During€his€testimony,€however,€the€appellantÏstated€that€because€he€loved€his€wife€he€"let"€her€get€a€job€and€"let"€her€get€aÏcar.ÌÌà àWhen€cross„examined€about€the€testimony€of€several€of€the€state'sÏwitnesses,€the€appellant€responded€that€none€of€them€were€telling€the€truth€andÍdenied€the€incidents€including€the€threats€to€kill€the€victim.€€When€asked€toÏexplain€his€continual€pattern€of€driving€by€or€parking€near€the€mobile€home,€theÏappellant€said€that€Eric€had€wanted€to€see€his€mother€but€when€they€arrived€toÏfind€that€she€was€not€at€home,€they€parked€some€yards€away€and€waited€for€her.€€ÌÌà àThe€appellant€testified€that€he€woke€up€crying€on€the€morning€ofÏDecember€27€because€he€missed€Violet€so€much.€€He€and€Eric€decided€to€go€toÏTullahoma,€via€Hill€Top€Road€where€Violet€lived,€to€purchase€a€new€pair€ofÏboots€for€Eric.€€The€appellant€said€that€on€the€return€trip,€almost€five€miles€fromÏViolet's€house,€Eric€told€him€that€once€before€the€divorce€he€caught€Tim€CraigÏand€his€mother€having€intercourse.€€The€appellant€continued€that€as€he€drove€byÏthe€trailer,€Violet€and€Doug€were€coming€out€the€front€door.€€When€they€saw€him,ÏViolet€pushed€Doug€back€inside.€€The€appellant€turned€around€and€went€backÏtoward€Violet's€house€where€he€stopped€some€yards€away.€€Violet€was€comingÏtoward€him€laughing€and€pointing.€€He€then€reached€for€the€gun€under€theÏpassenger's€seat,€jumped€out€of€the€car,€and€shot€her.€€He€stated€that€he€was€soÏupset€and€crazy€that€he€could€remember€few€specifics€of€the€incident€other€thanÏknowing€he€fired€the€shots€and€drove€off.€€The€appellant€continued€that€about€aÏmile€down€the€road,€he€still€had€the€gun€in€his€hand€and€pointed€it€at€himself.€ÏHowever,€Eric€took€the€gun€away€and€threw€it€out€the€window.€€He€denied€thatÏhe€had€established€a€plan€to€kill€Violet.€€ÌÌà àWhen€asked€why€the€gun€was€in€the€car,€the€appellant€explained€that€theÏgun€had€originally€been€left€in€his€truck€when€Eric€and€a€friend€"stole"€the€truckÍearlier€in€the€fall.€€He€added€that€the€gun€belonged€to€Eric's€friend's€father€andÏthat€he€had€not€had€a€chance€to€return€it€though€several€weeks€had€passedÏsince€it€was€allegedly€left€in€the€truck.€€At€some€point,€Eric€removed€the€gun€fromÏthe€truck€and€placed€it€behind€the€passenger€seat€of€the€silver€car.€€On€cross„examination,€the€appellant€admitted€that€he€knew€the€gun€was€in€the€car€threeÏdays€before€the€incident.€€When€they€drove€by€the€trailer€that€morning,€heÏreached€behind€the€passenger€seat€to€retrieve€it.€€The€appellant€said€he€"lost€it"Ïdue€to€months€of€anger,€hurt,€and€frustration.€€He€later€turned€himself€in€to€localÏauthorities.ÌÌà àEric€testified€on€his€father's€behalf.€€He€described€the€circumstancesÏbehind€his€discovery€of€his€mother€and€Tim€Craig€having€intercourse€after€theyÏhad€returned€from€a€softball€game.€€Eric€also€admitted€that€he€wrote€the€noteÏwhich€was€left€in€Ms.€Tant's€mail€box€on€the€26th.€€The€note€contained€expletivesÏand€referred€to€Mr.€Tant's€gift€to€Eric.€€Eric€also€told€the€jury€that€after€his€fatherÏshot€Ms.€Tant,€he€yelled,€"Die,€bitch,€die."€€He€further€admitted€that€he€and€hisÏfather€drove€by€Ms.€Tant's€home€on€many€occasions€to€check€on€her.€€EricÏcorroborated€a€significant€portion€of€his€father's€testimony.€€€ÌÌÌà@ àI.Ìà àThe€appellant's€first€claim€is€that€the€evidence€was€insufficient€to€supportÏhis€conviction€for€attempted€first€degree€murder.€€Though€it€is€unclear€from€hisÍbrief,€it€appears€that€his€sole€claim€is€that€the€jury€should€have€convicted€him€ofÏattempted€voluntary€manslaughter.ÌÌà àIn€a€sufficiency€of€the€evidence€challenge,€the€relevant€question€for€thisÏCourt€is€whether,€after€viewing€the€evidence€in€the€light€most€favorable€to€theÏprosecution,€any€rational€trier€of€fact€could€have€found€the€essential€elements€ofÏthe€crime€or€crimes€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€òòJackson€v.€Virginiaóó,€443€U.S.Ï307€(1979);€òòState€v.€Duncanóó,€698€S.W.2d€63€(Tenn.€1985);€T.R.A.P.€13(e).€€OnÏappeal,€the€state€is€entitled€to€the€strongest€legitimate€view€of€the€evidence€andÏall€reasonable€inferences€which€may€be€drawn€therefrom.€€òòState€v.€Cabbageóó,Ï571€S.W.2d€832€(Tenn.€1978).ÌÌà àIn€Tennessee,€great€weight€is€given€to€the€result€reached€by€the€jury€in€aÏcriminal€trial.€€A€jury€verdict€accredits€the€state's€witnesses€and€resolves€allÏconflicts€in€favor€of€the€state.€€òòState€v.€Williamsóó,€657€S.W.2d€405€(Tenn.€1983).€ÏMoreover,€a€guilty€verdict€replaces€the€presumption€of€innocence€with€theÏpresumption€of€guilt.€€òòState€v.€Graceóó,€493€S.W.2d€474€(Tenn.€1973).€€TheÏappellant€has€the€burden€of€overcoming€this€presumption.€€òòIdóó.ÌÌà àCriminal€attempt€requires€a€finding€that€the€appellant€acted€with€the€kindÏof€culpability€required€for€first€degree€murder.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„12„101(a)(1991).€€First€degree€murder€is€defined€as€"[a]n€intentional,€premeditatedÏand€deliberate€killing€of€another."€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„202(a)(1)€(1991).€ÏA€"[d]eliberate€act"€is€defined€in€our€criminal€code€as€"one€performed€with€a€coolÍpurpose"€while€a€"[p]remeditated€act"€is€"one€done€after€the€exercise€of€reflectionÏand€judgment.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„201(b)(1)€&€(2)€(1991).€€The€appellantÏmaintains€that€he€did€not€act€with€such€an€intent.€€Instead,€he€claims€that€he€shotÏhis€wife€in€the€heat€of€passion€as€relegated€in€the€offense€of€voluntaryÏmanslaughter.€€"Voluntary€manslaughter€is€the€intentional€or€knowing€killing€ofÏanother€in€a€state€of€passion€produced€by€adequate€provocation€sufficient€toÏlead€a€reasonable€person€to€act€in€an€irrational€manner."€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ððÏ39„13„211(a)€(1991).€€ÌÌà àIn€òòState€v.€Jespersonóó,€No.€03C01„9206„CR„00212€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.ÏAug.€11,€1993),€this€Court€said€that€"the€state€ha[s]€the€burden€of€proving€beyondÏa€reasonable€doubt€that€the€defendant€thought€about€killing€the€victim€before€theÏshootings,€then€acted€with€a€'cool€purpose€...€free€from€the€passions€of€theÏmoment,'€in€the€absence€of€adequate€provocation."€€Slip€op.€at€13€(quotingÏòòState€v.€Westóó,€844€S.W.2d€144,€147€(Tenn.€1992))€(citations€omitted).€€TheÏstate's€witnesses€showed€that€the€appellant€had€expressed€his€intent€to€killÏViolet.€€Further,€Ms.€Tant's€niece€said€she€had€heard€the€appellant€and€EricÏdiscussing€a€"plan"€which€involved€the€use€of€a€gun€and€Ms.€Tant.€€In€addition,Ïother€witnesses€watched€the€appellant€continually€drive€by€Ms.€Tant's€home€orÏpark€nearby€at€all€hours€awaiting€Ms.€Tant's€return.€€Here,€the€state€presentedÏthe€jury€with€sufficient€evidence€to€find€the€elements€necessary€to€convict€theÏappellant€of€attempted€first€degree€murder.€€Only€through€circumstances€beyondÏthe€appellant's€control,€the€victim€survived€the€four€gunshot€wounds.€ÌÌà àAlternatively,€the€appellant€presented€his€testimony€and€that€of€his€son,ÏEric,€in€an€attempt€to€establish€provocation€and€"heat€of€passion."€€He€hadÏhoped€to€convince€the€jury€that€the€state's€witnesses€were€untruthful,€that€heÏloved€his€wife€to€an€extreme,€and€that€he€"lost€it"€and€"went€crazy"€when€his€sonÏtold€him€that€morning€of€Ms.€Tant's€sexual€relations€with€Tim€Craig.€€Here,€theÏjury€obviously€concluded€that€the€son's€testimony€that€his€mother€and€Tim€CraigÏhad€intercourse€some€time€ago€was€either€unbelievable€or€insufficient€toÏprovoke€passion€which€would€have€caused€a€reasonable€person€to€act€in€suchÏan€irrational€manner.€€ÌÌà àThe€trial€judge€charged€the€jury€as€to€first€degree€murder€and€lesserÏincluded€offenses€including€voluntary€manslaughter.€€Therefore,€the€jury€knewÏits€options€but€chose€to€believe€the€state's€witnesses.€€The€weight€and€credibilityÏof€the€witnesses'€testimony€are€matters€entrusted€exclusively€to€the€jury€as€theÏtriers€of€fact.€€òòState€v.€Sheffieldóó,€676€S.W.2d€542€(Tenn.€1984);€òòByrge€v.€Stateóó,Ï575€S.W.2d€292€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1978).€€We€will€not€usurp€the€jury's€function.€ÏWe€find€that€the€evidence€was€sufficient€to€support€the€conviction.€€This€issue€isÏwithout€merit.ÌÌà@ àII.Ìà àIn€his€second€related€issue,€the€appellant€argues€that€the€trial€court€erredÏin€denying€his€motion€for€judgment€of€acquittal.€€The€appellant€also€styled€hisÏmotion€for€a€new€trial€to€alternatively€include€a€motion€for€judgment€of€acquittal.€ÏBoth€motions€were€denied.€ÌÌà àRule€29€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€Criminal€Procedure€provides€that€theÏtrial€court€"shall€order€the€entry€of€judgment€of€acquittal"€where€the€evidence€isÏinsufficient€to€sustain€a€conviction€on€the€offenses€charged.€€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.Ï29(a).€€In€so€reviewing,€the€trial€court€and€this€Court€have€the€duty€to€examineÏonly€the€state's€evidence€and€"to€allow€all€reasonable€inferences€from€it€in€theÏstate's€favor."€€òòState€v.€Hallóó,€656€S.W.2d€60,€61€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1983).€€If€thereÏis€"any€dispute€as€to€any€material€determinative€evidence,€or€any€doubt€as€to€theÏconclusion€to€be€drawn€from€the€evidence€of€the€[s]tate,€the€trial€judge€shouldÏproperly€overrule€the€motion"€and€it€will€be€the€duty€of€this€Court€to€affirm.€€òòIdóó.€ÏSuch€a€motion€is€warranted€only€where€the€evidence€fails€to€establish€theÏelements€of€the€offense.€€òòState€v.€Keeleyóó,€No.€01C01„9403„CR„00095€(Tenn.ÏCrim.€App.€Aug.€25,€1995).ÌÌà àBecause€we€have€already€found€that€the€evidence€was€sufficient€toÏestablish€the€elements€of€the€offenses,€we€find€that€the€trial€court€properlyÏdenied€the€appellant's€motion.€€This€issue€is€similarly€without€merit.ÌÌÌà@ àIII.Ìà àIn€the€appellant's€final€challenge€he€contends€that€the€trial€court€erred€inÏsentencing€him€to€twenty„two€years€and€nine€months.€€The€defendant€claimsÏthat€based€upon€"his€prior€history€and€relationship€to€the€community"€he€shouldÍhave€received€the€minimum€sentence.€€The€defendant€also€says€that€the€trialÏjudge€placed€little€weight€on€the€sole€applicable€mitigating€factor.ÌÌà àOur€review€of€the€sentence€imposed€by€the€trial€court€is€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€with€aÏpresumption€that€the€determinations€of€the€trial€court€are€correct.€€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€ðð€40„35„401(d)€(1990);€òòState€v.€Byrdóó€861€S.W.2d€377,€379€(Tenn.€Crim.ÏApp.€1993).€€This€presumption€is€conditioned€upon€an€affirmative€showing€in€theÏrecord€that€the€trial€court€considered€the€sentencing€principles€and€all€relevantÏfacts€and€circumstances.€€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991).€€ÌÌà àIn€conducting€our€review,€we€consider€the€evidence€presented€at€theÏsentencing€hearing,€the€presentence€report,€the€sentencing€principles,Ïarguments€of€counsel,€statements€of€the€defendant,€the€nature€andÏcircumstances€of€the€offense,€mitigating€and€enhancement€factors,€and€theÏdefendant's€amenability€to€rehabilitation.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„210(b)Ï(1990);€òòAshbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€at€168.ÌÌà àThe€presumptive€sentence€shall€be€the€minimum€in€the€range€if€noÏenhancement€or€mitigating€factors€exist.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„210(c)Ï(1990).€€However,€if€both€enhancement€and€mitigating€factors€exist,€the€courtÏmust€start€at€the€minimum€sentence€in€the€range€and€enhance€the€sentenceÏwithin€the€range€as€appropriate.€€Then€the€trial€judge€will€reduce€the€sentenceÏwithin€the€range€as€appropriate€for€the€mitigating€factors.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ððÏ40„35„210(d),€(e)€(1990).€€ÌÌà àThe€appellant€was€convicted€of€attempted€first€degree€murder,€a€Class€AÏfelony.€€As€a€Range€I€offender,€the€potential€range€of€punishment€was€fromÏfifteen€to€twenty„five€years.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„101€(1990).€€At€theÏsentencing€hearing,€the€trial€court€found€that€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„113(13)Ï(1990)× ƒ) ××  ×€should€apply€but€only€minimally€due€to€the€appellant's€post„incarceration€willingness€to€rehabilitate€himself.€€As€enhancement€factors€theÏtrial€court€found€that:€€the€appellant€has€a€previous€history€of€criminal€convictionsÏin€addition€to€those€necessary€to€establish€the€range;€the€appellant€treated€aÏvictim€with€exceptional€cruelty€during€the€commission€of€the€offense;€theÏpersonal€injuries€inflicted€upon€the€victim€were€particularly€great€and€that€theÏappellant€possessed€or€employed€a€firearm€during€the€commission€of€theÏoffense.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(1),€(5),€(6)€&€(9)€(1990).€€The€courtÏenhanced€the€sentence€to€twenty„three€years€and€reduced€it€by€three€months€inÏmitigation.ÌÌà àAlthough€the€appellant€does€not€specifically€challenge€the€enhancementÏfactors,€upon€review€we€find€that€each€factor€enumerated€above€was€applicableÏhere.€€The€trial€court€first€found€that€the€appellant€had€a€previous€history€ofÏcriminal€convictions€in€addition€to€those€necessary€to€establish€the€appropriateÏrange.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(1)€(1990).€€The€presentence€report€showsÍthat€the€appellant€has€two€prior€felony€convictions.€€Because€he€was€sentencedÏas€a€Range€I€offender,€the€convictions€were€properly€considered€inÏenhancement.ÌÌà àThe€second€applicable€enhancement€factor€found€by€the€trial€judge€wasÏthat€the€appellant€treated€the€victim€with€exceptional€cruelty€during€theÏcommission€of€the€offense.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(5)€(1990).€€TheÏtestimony€at€trial€showed€that€the€appellant€shot€the€victim€three€times€from€theÏdriver's€side€of€the€vehicle.€€The€victim€testified€that€she€laid€on€the€ground€andÏprayed€that€she€would€not€die.€€Seconds€later,€the€appellant€walked€around€toÏthe€passenger€side€of€the€car€and€shot€the€victim€in€the€back€of€her€head.€€WeÏfind€that€these€circumstances€constitute€exceptional€cruelty.€€This€factor€wasÏproperly€considered.ÌÌà àThe€final€two€factors€applied€by€the€trial€court€are€that€the€personalÏinjuries€inflicted€upon€the€victim€were€particularly€great€and€that€a€firearm€wasÏemployed€during€the€commission€of€the€offense.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€40„35„114(6)€&€(9)€(1990).€€The€trial€court€found€that€some€$27,000€in€medical€billsÏwere€attributable€to€this€incident€and€noted€the€immeasurable€damage€bothÏphysically€and€psychologically€inflicted€upon€this€victim.€€In€addition,€it€isÏundisputed€that€a€firearm€was€used€to€commit€the€offense.€€This€Court€hasÏpreviously€determined€that€these€enhancement€factors€are€appropriate€inÏattempted€first€degree€murder€cases€because€murder€may€be€attempted€withoutÏactually€causing€any€injury€and€through€means€other€than€use€of€a€firearm.€òòSeeóó€ÍòòState€v.€Holmesóó,€No.€01C01„9303„CC„00090€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€Aug.€11,€1994).€ÏThus,€these€factors€were€properly€considered.ÌÌà àWithout€stating€a€basis€for€his€request,€the€appellant€concludes€that€heÏshould€receive€the€minimum€sentence.€€The€weight€given€the€enhancement€andÏmitigating€factors€lies€within€the€discretion€of€the€trial€judge.€€òòMoss€v.€Stateóó,€727ÏS.W.2d€229,€238€(Tenn.€1986).€€We€do€not€find€that€the€trial€judge€abused€hisÏdiscretion.€€The€sentence€imposed€is€supported€by€the€record.€€This€issue€is,Ïtherefore,€meritless.ÌÌà àThe€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is,€in€all€respects,€ÌÌò òAFFIRMED.ó óÌÌÌÌÌÌÓÓà àà ààQ àà àòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÌà àà ààQ àà àPAUL€G.€SUMMERS,€JudgeÌÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌòòÌÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÌJOE€B.€JONES,€Presiding€JudgeÌÌÌÌÌòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÌJOSEPH€M.€TIPTON,€JudgeÌ€€€€€