ÿWPCõ …UBV %˜U.žÌnXÜ 044 4h 0J| 0TÆ 0^ 0hx 0rà 0|R 0†Î 0T 1uä U,Y 0d… U,é U6B)KDCt AM·v~vÓ Bp D3 0@À AOÆO 0P 0De D/© BØ<þ6X9`(*Courier 12pt10cpiX%ä2¼A`ArialTT#|x3«<þ6X9`(*Courier 12pt10cpiXXxþ6X@ÉJQX@%ä2¼A`ArialTTt10cpiXXXä2¼P±ŠQXP( ¤T$¡¡Ó  Óc`…Ñ#€2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô  ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)< Œ 9p`(ModernP ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ< Œ 9p`(Monaco< Œ 9p`(Courier New% Line 7 d7Border 1dd€- Cþÿ << Gÿÿ Ý ƒ!ÝÔ€ÔÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€ÔÔ€ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€XÔÌÌò òJanuary€29,€1996ÌÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€ôÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó óPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'@Styl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑMonacoÑÑ ÑÒ  BA: T Monaco ÒÒ  BA: T Monaco Ò d%%%%'ÿÿdxd("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5((3í¸$¢¢Ý ƒ¤T!ÝÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€ÔÓ&€X„d&ÓÑ#€Xd#ÑÔ€ÔÝ  ÝÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÓ  ÓÑ\R AØ'\ÑÔ€ÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌAT€KNOXVILLEÌÙ€€ÙßL€!" ;+'h|` Å `€€LßÌJANUARY€1995€SESSIONÌÓ  ÓÌÌÌÌSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àAPPELLANT,à à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àNo.€03„C„01„9406„CR„00244Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àKnox€CountyÌv.à àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àRay€L.€Jenkins,€JudgeÌà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à à(Vehicular€Homicide)ÌTIMOTHY€GOSE,à àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà à€€€€€€€€€€€APPELLEE.à àà à)ÌÌÌÌFOR€THE€APPELLANT:à àà àà àà àFOR€THE€APPELLEE:ÌÌCharles€W.€Bursonà àà àà àà àà àA.€Philip€LomonacoÌAttorney€General€&€Reporterà àà àà àAttorney€at€LawÌ450€James€Robertson€Parkwayà àà àà à112€Durwood€DriveÌNashville,€TN€37243„0493à àà àà àà àKnoxville,€TN€37922ÌÌMerrilyn€FeirmanÌAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌ450€James€Robertson€ParkwayÌNashville,€TN€37243„0493ÌÌRandall€E.€NicholsÌDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌCity„County€BuildingÌKnoxville,€TN€37902ÌÌZane€M.€ScarlettÌAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralÌCity„County€BuildingÌKnoxville,€TN€37902ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:_______________________________________ÌÌAFFIRMEDÌÌJoe€B.€Jones,€JudgeÌÌÌÑ7€†XXdÈXXdÈ7ÑØØÙ  ÙÓ  Óò òO€P€I€N€I€O€Nó óÌÓ  ÓÌÌÌÓÓà àThe€State€of€Tennessee€appeals€as€of€right€from€a€judgment€of€the€trial€courtÏsetting€aside€a€conviction€for€vehicular€homicide€and€granting€Timothy€Gose's€post„trial€motion€for€judgment€of€acquittal.€€The€state€contends€that€"[t]he€evidence€adducedÏat€trial€was€sufficient€to€find€the€defendant€guilty€of€vehicular€homicide."€€This€CourtÏfinds€that€the€evidence€contained€in€the€record€is€insufficient,€as€a€matter€of€law,€toÏsupport€a€finding€by€a€rational€trier€of€fact€that€Gose€was€guilty€of€vehicular€homicideÏbeyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€Therefore,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed.Ìà àOn€the€morning€of€November€10,€1992,€Gose€asked€his€roommate€to€drive€himÏto€work.€€The€roommate€told€Gose€to€drive€his€Ford€Bronco€to€work€that€morning.€€GoseÏsubsequently€went€to€work€in€the€Bronco.Ìà àGose€and€Thomas€J.€Kelley€left€their€place€of€employment€at€10:15€a.m.€en€routeÏto€Kelley's€residence.€€When€they€got€to€a€hill€on€Deane€Hill€Drive,€Gose€told€Kelley€toÍ"check€out€the€passing€gear."€€Gose€then€stepped€on€the€gas€pedal€causing€theÏpassing€gear€to€engage.€€The€speed€of€the€vehicle€accelerated€rapidly.€€The€rightÏwheels€of€the€Bronco€went€off€the€roadway.€€The€right€mirror€struck€a€mailbox.€€GoseÏattempted€to€correct€the€direction€of€the€vehicle€so€that€the€right€wheels€would€be€backÏon€the€pavement.€€The€brakes€locked€and€the€Bronco€"fishtailed."€€Gose€attempted€toÏcorrect€the€direction€of€the€Bronco€as€it€slid€sideways,€but€the€vehicle€would€notÏrespond.€€The€Bronco€slid€across€the€centerline€and€struck€a€dump€truck€that€wasÏtravelling€in€the€opposite€direction€at€the€crest€of€the€hill.€€The€dump€truck€fell€on€its€rightÏside.€€The€driver€of€the€truck,€Flavil€"Dee"€McGee,€was€killed€instantly.Ìà àKelley€testified€that€Gose€applied€the€brakes€when€he€hit€"wet€grass"€orÏsomething€similar.€€As€a€result,€the€Bronco€began€to€slide€or€swerve.€€Gose€"went€toÏcorrect€it,€and€I€guess€he€just€over€corrected."€€The€brakes€locked€and€the€Bronco€slidÏacross€the€centerline€striking€the€dump€truck.Ìà àGose€testified€that€he€saw€a€lit€cigarette€on€the€floorboard€out€of€the€corner€of€hisÏeye.€€He€thought€Kelley,€who€admitted€that€he€was€smoking€a€cigarette,€had€droppedÏthe€cigarette.€€When€he€looked€down,€the€right€wheels€of€the€Bronco€went€off€theÏroadway.€€The€right€mirror€struck€a€mailbox.€€As€he€attempted€to€pull€the€right€wheelsÏonto€the€roadway,€the€Bronco€fishtailed.€€He€tried€to€correct€the€direction€of€the€Bronco,Ïbut€it€would€not€respond.€€The€brakes€had€locked€when€he€tried€to€stop€the€Bronco.€ÏThe€vehicle€crossed€the€centerline€and€struck€the€dump€truck.€Ìà àAn€independent€witness€who€was€sitting€at€an€intersection€on€the€west€side€ofÏthe€hill,€stated€that€the€driver€of€the€Bronco€"jerked€the€wheel"€real€hard€immediatelyÏbefore€impact.€€According€to€this€witness,€the€Bronco€crossed€the€centerline€"veryÍsuddenly."€Ìà à€€The€posted€speed€limit€on€Deane€Hill€Drive€was€40€miles€per€hour.€€KelleyÏtestified€that€the€speed€of€the€Bronco€was€between€50€and€53€miles€per€hour.€€OnÏcross„examination€Kelley€was€asked€about€a€statement€he€had€given€to€the€policeÏapproximately€one€year€prior€to€the€trial.€€In€the€statement,€Kelley€stated€that€the€speedÏof€the€Bronco€was€between€45€and€50€miles€per€hour.€€Kelley€responded€that€the€latterÏspeed€was€"close"€to€the€speed€of€the€Bronco.€€Kelley€sued€Gose€for€the€personalÏinjuries€he€sustained€in€the€collision€after€giving€the€statement€to€the€police.Ìà àThe€driver€of€the€vehicle€travelling€immediately€behind€the€dump€truck€statedÏthat€she€first€saw€the€Bronco€as€it€crossed€the€centerline.€€She€immediately€pulled€intoÏa€private€driveway€and€onto€a€front€lawn.€€She€did€not€see€the€vehicles€collide.€ÏAlthough€the€witness€testified€that€Gose€was€going€"above€the€speed€limit,"€she€did€notÏestimate€the€speed€that€he€was€travelling.€€It€is€obvious€that€this€witness€only€saw€theÏBronco€for€a€split€second.Ìà àA€motion€for€judgment€of€acquittal€raises€a€question€of€law€for€the€trial€court'sÏdetermination.€€òòState€v.€Hallóó,€656€S.W.2d€60,€61€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòperóó.€òòappóó.€òòdeniedóóÏ(Tenn.€1983).€€In€resolving€this€question,€the€trial€court's€only€concern€is€the€legalÏsufficiency€of€the€evidence.€€òòHallóó,€656€S.W.2d€at€61.€€The€trial€court€is€not€permitted€toÏweigh€the€evidence€in€reaching€its€determination.Ìà àIn€determining€whether€the€evidence€is€sufficient€to€sustain€a€conviction€post„trial,€the€trial€court€must€consider€the€evidence€in€the€light€most€favorable€to€the€State€ofÏTennessee.€€òòState€v.€Thompsonóó,€549€S.W.2d€943,€946€(Tenn.€1977);€€òòHallóó,€656€S.W.2dÏat€61;€€òòState€v.€Stoweóó,€634€S.W.2d€674,€675€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1982).€€In€addition,€theÍtrial€court€must€afford€the€State€of€Tennessee€all€reasonable€and€legitimate€inferencesÏthat€may€be€drawn€from€the€evidence€adduced€in€favor€of€the€state's€theory.€ÏòòThompsonóó,€549€S.W.2d€at€946;€òòHallóó,€656€S.W.2d€at€61;€€òòStoweóó,€634€S.W.2d€at€675.€ÏThe€trial€court€must€also€disregard€any€countervailing€evidence€that€the€accused€mayÏhave€introduced€during€the€trial.€€As€this€Court€said€in€òòHallóó:€€"[I]f€.€.€.€there€is€any€disputeÏas€to€any€material€determinative€evidence,€or€any€doubt€as€to€the€conclusion€to€beÏdrawn€from€the€evidence€of€the€State,€the€trial€judge€should€.€.€.€overrule€the€motion.€.€.Ï."€€656€S.W.2d€at€61.Ìà àAn€appellate€court€must€apply€the€same€standard€as€a€trial€court€when€resolvingÏissues€predicated€upon€the€grant€or€denial€of€a€motion€for€judgment€of€acquittal.Ìà àBefore€an€accused€can€be€convicted€of€vehicular€homicide€due€to€recklessness,Ïthe€State€of€Tennessee€must€prove€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt€that€(a)€the€accusedÏkilled€the€victim€while€operating€a€motor€vehicle,€(b)€the€killing€was€done€recklessly,Ïand€(c)€the€killing€was€"the€proximate€result€of€conduct€creating€a€substantial€risk€ofÏdeath€or€serious€bodily€injury."€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„213(a)(1).€€The€termÏ"reckless"€is€defined€by€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„11„106(a)(31)€in€the€following€manner:ÌÒ ¸ ÒÒ  ÒÓÓReckless€refers€to€a€person€who€acts€recklessly€with€respectÏto€circumstances€surrounding€the€conduct€or€the€result€ofÏthe€conduct€when€the€person€is€aware€of€but€consciouslyÏdisregards€a€substantial€and€unjustifiable€risk€that€theÏcircumstances€exist€or€the€result€will€occur.€€The€risk€mustÏbe€of€such€a€nature€and€degree€that€its€disregard€constitutesÏa€gross€deviation€from€the€standard€of€care€that€an€ordinaryÏperson€would€exercise€under€all€the€circumstances€asÏviewed€from€the€accused€person's€standpoint.ÌÌÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÓÓIn€other€words,€an€accused€is€not€guilty€of€vehicular€homicide€if€the€evidenceÏestablishes€that€the€accused's€conduct€merely€constituted€a€want€of€due€care,Íinadvertence,€or€inattention.Ìà à€When€the€evidence€is€considered€in€the€light€most€favorable€to€the€State€ofÏTennessee€along€with€all€reasonable€inferences€that€can€be€drawn€from€these€facts,Ïthe€conduct€of€Gose€does€not€constitute€"a€gross€deviation€from€the€standard€of€careÏthat€an€ordinary€person€would€exercise€under€all€the€circumstances€when€viewedÏfrom"€Gose's€viewpoint.€€The€mainstay€of€the€state's€case€was€speed.€€Kelley€testifiedÏthat€Gose€was€going€anywhere€from€45€to€53€miles€per€hour.€€While€this€exceeded€theÏposted€speed,€it€did€not,€standing€alone,€constitute€gross€negligence€or€recklessness.€ÏRather,€it€constituted€a€want€of€due€care,€inadvertence,€and€inattention.ÌÌÌÓÓà àà àà àà àà àà à________________________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à€€€€€€JOE€B.€JONES,€JUDGEÌÌÌÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ______________________________________Ì€€€€€€€€€JOSEPH€M.€TIPTON,€JUDGEÌÌÌÌ_____________________________________Ì€€WALTER€€C.€KURTZ,€SPECIAL€JUDGE€